In Uttar Pradesh, all 10 candidates have been declared elected unopposed to the Rajya Sabha. Eight BJP candidates and one each from Samajwadi Party and Bahujan Samaj Party were declared elected unopposed to the upper house yesterday.
 
The BJP candidates declared elected include Union Minister Hardeep Singh Puri, Arun Singh, Haridwar Dubey, Brij Lal, Neeraj Shekhar, Geeta Shakya, Seema Dwivedi, and BL Varma. Prof Ram Gopal Yadav of the Samajwadi Party and the BSP’s Ramji Gautam were also elected to the Upper House. All candidates except Hardeep Singh Puri and Prof Ram Gopal Yadav received their certificates from Returning Officer Ashok Kumar yesterday evening.

In Bihar, polling is underway for the Second Phase of State Assembly Elections amid tight security arrangements. Polling is being held in 94 constituencies spread over 17 districts including Patna, Vaishali, Sitamarhi, Darbhanga and Madhubani in this phase. Around 19.26 per cent of eligible voters exercised their franchise till 11 a.m. Voting began at 7 a.m. and it will close at 6 p.m. Over 2.86 crore voters will decide the fate 1,463 candidates. They include 146 women and one transgender.
 
Elaborate security arrangements have been made to ensure free and fair polling. Chief Electoral Officer H.R. Srinivasa said, polling will be upto 4 p.m. in eight Naxal-affected constituencies including Raghopur, Paru, Minapur and Alauli. Out of 41 thousand 362 booths, eight thousand 694 booths are sensitive. Election Commission has made arrangements of live webcasting from 3,548 booths.
 
Additional Chief Electoral Officer Sanjay Kumar Singh said security forces have been deployed in Naxal-infested areas to ensure trouble-free polling.
 
Election Commission has issued orders to follow COVID-19 protocol during the conduct of elections. Every person has been instructed to wear mask during election related activities.
 
The voters have to wear mask during exercising their right of franchise. Thermal scanning of all persons will be carried out and sanitizers will be made available at all locations during polling. All polling booths have already been sanitized. In view of COVID situation, only one thousand electors will exercise their right of franchise at each Polling Station instead of 1,500.
 
BJP is contesting on 46 seats, JD(U) on 43 and Vikassheel Insaan Party (VIP) on five seats in this phase. While RJD is contesting on 56 seats, Congress has fielded 24 candidates. LJP has fielded 52 candidates, RLSP-36, BSP-33 and NCP-29 candidates.
 
This phase is crucial for RJD as the party had won 33 seats in 2015 assembly elections. JD(U) won 30 seats while BJP 20 and Congress seven seats. Four others were also elected.
 
Chief Ministerial candidate of Grand Alliance Tejaswi Yadav is seeking re-election from Raghopur constituency. Political fortunes of four Cabinet Ministers of Nand Kishore Yadav, Shravan Kumar, Rana Randhir and Ram Sevak Singh will be decided in this phase.
 
Elections are being held in three phases for 243-member Bihar Legislative Assembly. The First Phase polling was held on 28th of October, while Third and Final Phase polling will be held on 7th of November. Counting of votes will be taken up on 10th of November.

No Indians can forget Azad Hind Fauj/ the Indian National Army’s (INA) contribution in the freedom movement (Founded on 21 October 1943) . While I was in some countries, many people of Pakistan and Bangladesh talked about the enormous contributions of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose and INA/ Azad Hind Fauj. Honestly, writing many told me if Netaji Subhas would have been alive probably partition would not have taken place. Even Mahatma Gandhiji opposed the idea of ‘Two-nation Theory’. He declared, “If the Congress wishes to accept partition, it will be over my dead body. So long as I am alive, I will never agree to the partition of India. Nor will I, if I can help it, allow the Congress to accept it”.

  Indian National Army (INA/ Azad Hind Fauj) was formed by two  great persons Sri Rash Behari Bose and Sri Mohan Singh  in Southeast Asia during World War II. The main objective was to secure Indian independence from British rule. To attain the same Azad Hind Fauj/INA formed an alliance with the Empire of Japan in the latter’s campaign in the Southeast Asian theatre of WWII ( name given to the campaigns of the Pacific War in Burma, Ceylon, India, Thailand, the Philippines, Indochina, Malaya and Singapore).

  The first INA collapsed and was disbanded in December 1942 after differences between the INA leadership and the Japanese military over its role in Japan’s war in Asia. It is pertinent to mention that the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters in October, 1942 set up the Fujiwara Kikan, or the F-kikan, in Bangkok, headed by the Major Fujiwara Iwaichi, chief of intelligence of the 15^th army.  As an INA member, Mohan Singh had good relations with the members of Fujiwara Kikan, but he was soon disillusioned with the Japanese Army’s behaviour. It is believed that they wanted to use the Indian National Army only as a part of Japanese army to fulfil their own objectives. In the meantime, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose arrived in Japan in 1943 and INA was invigorated.

    More than 60,000 soldiers of Indian origin were associated with Azad Hind Fauj/Indian National Army who were prisoners of war in those days and because of the initiative of Sri Mohan Singh they joined in INA/Azad Hind Fauj to fight against the British.  Out of them about 26,000 soldiers sacrificed their lives so their sacrifice must be saluted.  It may be mentioned  that the I.N.A. brigades, named after Gandhi, Azad, Nehru and Subhas, distinguished themselves in several battles which they won because  of complete bravery, courage and discipline. The INA/Azad Hind Fauj’s first success was capturing Moirang of Manipur.  On 18 April 1944, the suicide squads led by Col. Shaukat Malik broke through the British defence and captured Moirang. After Moirang, INA penetrated the Kohima road, creating a threat to the British positions in both Silchar (presently in Assam) and Kohima (now capital of Nagaland state). Col. Gulzara Singh’s column had entered 250 miles into India. Anyway rest is history as Azad Hind Fauj/INA could not succeed to come up to Delhi. Azad Hind had diplomatic relations with nine countries. These  were  Nazi Germany, the Empire of Japan, Fascist Italy, the Independent State of Croatia, Wang Jingwei’s Government in Nanjing, Thailand, Burma, Manchukuo and the Philippines. On the declaration of its formation in Singapore, President Eamon de Valera of the Irish Free State sent a note of congratulations to Bose.

It has to be admitted that  INA’s activities influenced the decision to leave India by the British. In this  regard, the views of Mr. Clement Richard Attlee, who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to 1951 may be mentioned. Mr. Attlee cited several reasons, the most important of which were the INA activities of Subhas Chandra Bose, which weakened the very foundation of the British Empire in India, and the Royal Indian Navy Mutiny which made the British realise that the support of the Indian armed forces could no longer be relied upon.  It is pertinent to mention that former Army officer Sri G.D. Bakshi in his book “ Bose or Gandhi: Who Got India Her Freedom?” appreciated Netaji’s role in the freedom movement. He  wrote on Facebook, “They (British) were not in the least bothered by the Non-violent movement of the Congress. Indeed in 1942 Quit India movement had been decisively crushed with ease. The INA trials and Naval mutiny generated such serious alarm that contingency plans for evacuation of all British nationals and soldiers from India were drawn up by Commander in chief Fd Mshl Auchinleck. Wavell (Viceroy) clearly told London they had just 18 months to get out of India before they lost the power to shape events.”

  On this auspicious occasion of 21^st  October 2020, my great salute to the all INA/ Azad Hind Fauj  members. 

The following websites have been consulted to write the article

1.  www.aicc.org.in/indian_national_army.php  
2. https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/618570
3. https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2020/01/24/bose-or-gandhi-who-won-india-freedom-g-d-bakshi-launches-hindi-book.
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Indian_Navy_mutiny
5. https://www.mkgandhi.org/articles/gandhi-partition.html

Dr Shankar Chatterjee, Hyderabad

Using a person for their own purpose by cheating and by using false power so human trafficking not only affects a specific religions and races but it affects all most of times it is life threatening women’s and teenagers are mostly affected by it. The people first lay a net and asked them or give them opportunity of better life or job so they trusted them easily here they win they exploit them to do what they want if they refuge them then they give them threat of killing so from here human trafficking starts…..
According to United Nations Palermo protocol the definition of human trafficking is ….trafficking in person can be defined as the recruitment, transportation , transfer ,harbouring or receipt of person by means of threat or use of force or others forms of coercion or abduction of fraud or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person for the purpose of exploitation.
Now the victims of human trafficking is mainly those who lives in poverty the traffickers mainly focuses on that people who don’t have anything so they come easily in their trap the traffickers watch those areas and do their work sharply and there is also attraction of big cities play major role in human trafficking domestic violence is also a big reason
As per the record in India there are 1794 identified places of such origin from where female victims are being trafficked between 18 to 24 years. Every time we hear news of missing of girl or a women what it says there are number of cases coming everyday so the reason is that the victims family even don’t know where their family member is gone. In many states of India we hear a story about human trafficking a study of 207 trafficked women from 14 countries reported that 95% of women had experienced sexual or physical violence . so it’s clear that they exploit women thinking about that they are their own properties these kinds of heinous crimes they done some of the people who are involved in these are their own relatives the traffickers use tactics no one knows where they are doing trading the women became prostitute they have to sleep with lot of men’s without their consent after a particular time after knowing that they are unable do to anything they are okay with it many women’s died because of HIV
In times of India : data from national crime records bureau [NCRB] shows that around 4000 cases were filed in the country in 2018 but the number of unreported cases is presumed to bge much higher in Vishakhapatnam district however the number of such cases registered in last three years has steadily risen .
The Hindu: the united nation star=e department has released its 2019 trafficking in persons report highlighting the need for action against domestic trafficking in human beings India continued to be placed in tier 2 on the country trafficking scale
The Hindustan times: in 2017 while the number of cases related to human trafficking in west Bengal had recorded tenfold decrease from 3579cases in 2016to 357 the rescue of missing persons increased by more than two folds 53445b persons rescued in 2017 as against 23624 persons in 2016
In last I want to say that government [central or state] should look on these crimes precisely and should be vigilant
In section 370 of Indian penal code it is said that if any person got caught then he should be in jail for 7 years or may be 10 years and they have to give fine also.