“Zealandia- 8th Continent Soon ?”

Science and technology has helped humans in discovery of a number of things hidden deep inside sea, land, and even outer space. The invention of internet had gave birth to globalization and people could travelling around the world, talk to people from on end to other end, get information about any topic they want, just with a single click and many more. While most of the earth secrest remain hidden, there have been some human advancement to discover some of them and thus gain more knowledge.There have been various theories reflecting the facts of drowned cities and islands due increase in water level or tsunamis or any other factotre like tectonic shift. Scientists have really been fascinated towards these facts and thus they have been finding some of those and thus get an idea about how early life was. The search of these led them to find the 8^th continent which was expected to be lost crores of years ago. “Zealandia” is the name given to this continent and soon we can see it as an accepted continent around the world.

Zealandia is present between Australia and New Caledonia in the South Pacific Ocean. The interesting fact to know is that about 94% of the land is submerged under water. According to the American Geological Society, Zealandia has an area of 50 lakh square km, which equals to about 66% of total Australian land. Zealandia was expected to be a part of Australia, but due to tectonic shift, it got away from it and drowned in water. So It’s fascinating to know about such a place and scientists went on a drilling experiment and collected some samples of rocks of Zealandia.The results were really good enough as they were rich in silica, granite and limestone. But how could be find a continental, suddenly. The first theory of Zealandia was given in 1995 and after then in 2017 , it was accepted to be land which could be named as a continent by most of the scientists but still not official. So with the help of the latest technologies , we were able to reach this place and find the lost continent probably.

Zealandia can be provided the designation if a continents, since it fulfills some of requirements required for it to be a continent .These include.:

Continent needs to have elevation above the ocean floor , surrounding it. Which surely is as we see most of the land above the ocean floor through the images captured.
The crust of the continent must have igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, which certainly are present in it as per the experiments done by the experts.
The crust must be thicker and less dense than the oceanic crust. We see the thickness of Zealandia is thicker than the ocean floor we see, which makes it visible and also less than the oceanic crust.
It must be spread across a wider area. Interesting fact about Zealandia is that it’s size lie between the biggest island and smallest continent, so it might be a confusion to name it as an island or a continent.

The benefits of such a piece of land which was under land for so many years could be enormous. It Would be rich in resources, new metals and stones and also would help us to understand what earth would have been so many years ago and most if its parts are untouched and pure. This could surely lead us to open up new possibilities and resources.

But the big question still remains is will Zealandia get a position of a new continent. It’s still a question most scientists have been conflicting up for. The main issue is that we do not actually know the pure definition of what a continent truly is, and how we separate it from other big islands. Maybe in the future we would be able to notice a wide change in our geography with 8 continents, new possibilities of research and development and a lot more understanding about our earth and it’s hidden secrets.

Pros of mobile phones for students !

The device which you are holding right now in your hand for reading this article has changed the world. It is not only providing us with a calling facility but also something much more. Mobile phones have changed the pattern of study for students. The time when we found knowledge between the pages of books has gone now. The mobile phone has diversified the area of knowledge. In this article, we have enlisted some of the advantages of mobile phone for students.

Now let us discuss how the mobile phone has changed the lives of students. What are the advantages of the same.

Great source of knowledge

Whenever you got confused and you don’t get a clear idea of some topic, then at that time the mobile phone will be of great use for you. You can search for that particular topic and can get a mirror image of the topic. It also provides knowledge regarding similar topics.

Helps to be prompt and punctual

The mobile phone helps in managing the data. You can manage and make notes regarding important things. Then you will not going to miss something really important. You can also set alarms with a title so that on time you get reminders for the things, that will help you to be punctual and be available on time for your things.

Helps in Navigation and Finding Place

Mobile phones now come with a feature known as GPS which helps to track your location. It is very helpful for navigation purposes too. If sometimes student got stuck anywhere, at that time having a mobile phone in their hand will be bliss. They can use google map to know their exact location. Then they can inform their parents about their location and can easily reach to their places. You can also share your location with your parents so that they can know where you are.

Help in learning left topics

Sometimes the situation arises when students are not able to attend the classes. So if at that time teacher has taught something really important then what to do? There is nothing to worry about this. You can simply google out the topic and can get a full explanation for the same. And Yes one more thing there is not only one option or site for the topic, but there are many sites you can access according to your requirement for the same topic written by various experts.

Great source of entertainment

Whenever students feel bored or get tired of studying for hours and hours, at that time they can listen to their favourite music, or watch movies sitting at home itself in their mobile phone. This will help them to get rid of boredom and feel fresh. Students can also read novels or even listen to audible stories whenever they get the time or they need some relaxation. There are various apps available such as Kindle, Wattpad, Novel cat, Aldiko, etc. They can access to these apps easily. This will not only help them to overcome boredom but also help them in learning something new.

Introduce you to the various social media platform

Facebook, Tweeter, Instagram and many more social media platforms are available now on play store where students can make their account and get connected to more number of peoples, friends, family members which are far away. They can post their activities and can see other activities too. They can also get the latest news of Hollywood, Bollywood, and their favourite celebrities.

Helps in Collecting proofs

Whenever students find something black lentils or they feel some types of exploitation done to them by a teacher such as when they think teacher do favouritism to students who are taking coachings from them, and not giving deserving marks to other students. Then, they can record this and show it to a higher authority and save themselves from favouritism. Or if they feel exploitation or being bullying from other students then they can record the incident and collect evidence regarding the matter in their mobile phones and can help in catching the culprit red-handed.

Provides Various Apps for learning

Nowadays, there are hundreds of learning apps available on mobile phones for every standard students. They can use them in free for learning, various courses are available which helps in their skill development. They can also use a mobile phone in time when they are not having books with them. So, they can use these apps to get their course-related topics cleared. This will also save their time to wait for the books.

Capture the moment

Students can capture their significant and sizzling moments in their mobile phones. Students who have an interest in photography, and purchasing any professional camera is not possible for them at that time they can use their mobile phones for their passion.

Helps in building a bright future

Mobile phones can be used in various ways and for various purposes by the students. But everything is useless until we use it for some useful purpose. There are various apps available such as LinkedIn, Internshala, freelancer, etc. Nowadays, world is on the way of digitalization. There are various types of jobs and internships available for students on these apps. They can grab them and add something useful to their CV and to their life as well.

Dictionary: Improve your Vocabulary

Carrying Huge dictionary everywhere with you is really a tough task. So, now they need of lifting it is over. The mobile phone provides you with various types of offline and online dictionary such as Oxford online and offline dictionary, V-Dictionary, Color Dict dictionary, Concise Oxford Dictionary by, where you can find the meaning of each and every word you are stuck at.

Storage of Data

The best use of the mobile phone is that you can store huge amount of data in it. Students who want to learn something new, they can download the matter and various pdfs, documents, about the same topic and they can even take notes from their friends and teacher through WhatsApp. This will prevent making any hard copies of the topic. You can even store data for a long time and even can keep it till you don’t want to erase it.

Easy Money Transfer

Mobile phones are primarily used for online transactions nowadays. People sitting at home can easily transfer and receive money to someone else in just some quick steps. Students who are living away from home can use these applications such as google pay, phone pay, pay pal, Paytm and many more to receive money from their parents to submit free or for their basic expenses.

Online Shopping

Students can use various online shopping apps such as Amazon, Flipkart, Myntra, Nykaa, etc to get their desired and essential products at their doorsteps. This will save their time and they don’t have to roam here and there to grab things.Advertisements

Space Race vs Space Rage : What is the Reality of World’s Space Exploration Program ???????

Unbeknownst to a world still reeling from the atomic catastrophe of Hiroshima, and under the crafty guise of a “peaceful nuclear explosion”, India detonated it’s first Weapon of Mass Destruction at the infamous Pokhran test range in 1974, carving for itself an irrevocable position in a community of toffee-nosed, nuclear-armed governments. The diplomatic furore that followed this tectonic shift would resound in the international nuclear coterie for decades to come, and incense totalitarian American administrations committed to crippling India’s self-defence programmes. Even the most imperious sanctions and underhanded espionage, however, could not muffle a nation of determined democracy, that tested it’s most triumphant space-technology yesterday – The GSLV Mk-III.

On June 5^th, 2017, after more than 200 tests in 2 years, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) launched into orbit a three-tonne payload on a home-grown rocket of the class developed by only 5 others – Russia, China, Japan, the European Space Agency, and the United States. The Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark-III (GSLV Mk-III) weighs 640 tonnes – as much as 200 fully grown elephants – and carries upto 10 tonnes to be delivered into orbit. It is a 140 foot-tall, three-stage, game-changing Launch Vehicle with a cryogenic engine, developed almost entirely using Indian components, and capable at long last of sending manned crews into space.

The Command Centre and Launchpad at Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh, witnessed a turning point in the global space-race yesterday with the success of India’s GSLV Mk-III, placing the country at the heart of a space-industry valued at nearly $350 billion. Dependent on foreign agencies to launch satellites over 2,300 kilograms, India was confined to under 1 percent of this burgeoning market. Today, India has made “quantum leaps” in the words of P. V. Krishnan, Director of the ISRO Propulsion Complex, and is well on the way to launching Chandrayaan-II, slated for next year, and Aditya-I, a satellite mission designed to study the sun.

This jumbo-jet of the rocket-world, however, has a dramatic history riddled with international outrage and sabotage spanning nearly three decades. Beginning at the height of the Soviet era, India’s space and nuclear programmes have been the subject of gory eco-political power-plays between the two superpowers of our time – Russia and the United States. Yet, against all odds, and the express actions and sanctions of the US Government, Indian scientists designed by themselves a heavy-weight carrier of not only 10-tonne satellites, but also national pride and international glory.

After the successful Smiling Buddha nuclear tests at Pokhran, ISRO made enormous strides in space technology with the aid of it’s Russian counterparts, leading up to a $120 million contract in 1991 with the Soviet Space Agency Glavkosmos for seven cryogenic rocket engines, along with a complete transfer of technology. Cryogenic engines use super-cooled liquid fuels to produce massive amounts of thrust in order to lift heavy payloads into space, and the Russians were offering a secret engine, the RD-56 or KVD-1 – originally designed by the Isayev Design Bureau as part of the Soviet manned moon-landing programme of 1964 – with unparalleled thrust and capabilities that NASA could not match for years. Apprehensive of competition in the highly-lucrative commercial space industry, the US descended into a dirty game of geopolitical sanctions and espionage to disable this agreement.

Invoking the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR), the United States stalled the engine supply by sanctioning both ISRO and Glavkosmos. The American administration claimed that the issue was not India importing engine components from Russia, but that India was importing engines at all. The idea being that if India were forced to make those developments on their own instead of simply buying engines and the technology driving them, it would slow India’s rocket program and keep them from becoming a potential military threat.

The two-faced Americans, however, continued to import engines from Russia, simultaneously strong-arming India to sign the Non-Proliferation Treaty. India refused on the grounds that all signatories – except members of the UN Security Council – are required to unilaterally destroy their nuclear weapons, and could not afford to oblige given that the country is neighboured by two nuclear armed states, both of whom are hostile. Crippled but not killed, ISRO began the formidable task of developing indigenously a cryogenic rocket.

America views launch vehicles as weapons and components of ballistic missiles, as opposed to a commercial service. That is why it is acceptable when European nations, America, or other such countries purchase engines from each other, because they are allies and have advanced propulsion capabilities of their own, but a less developed, non-allied nation buying the same engines is not. This is, however, a remarkably flawed perspective.

In fact, there are no ballistic missiles in the world that use cryogenic engines. Because it takes several critical hours to fuel up a cryogenic rocket, such an engine could never be used in a ballistic missile. The fear mongering about using or selling these engines, then, is an outright farce and strawman fallacy.

Unblushing and wholly devoid of shame, the Machiavellian Americans turned around to sell banned WMD technologies to Pakistan, disobeying both US as well as international non-proliferation protocols. When US aid to Pakistan tapered off after the withdrawal of the Soviet Union from Afghanistan, the unscrupulous and impoverished Pakistani military responded in 1987 by selling it’s nuclear hardware and know-how for cash, pitching south Asia into three near-nuclear conflagrations, and enabling the nuclear weapons programmes of Iran, Libya and North Korea, which might never have got off the ground were it not for the duplicitous Americans. This hypocritical subterfuge is detailed in the account of CIA Agent and Pakistan-specialist Rich Barlow, reported by the Guardian almost a decade ago.

In defiance of ruthless international oppression and embargo, ISRO advanced swiftly and surely to counter America’s tyrannical throttling of the industry and reserve a seat at the space-table. Earlier this year, the triumphant ISRO launched a record 104 satellites on a single rocket. And now, having spurned the Non-Proliferation Treaty, this historic moment is an open-handed smack in the face of US monopoly.

India has overcome cumbrous obstacles and staunch opposition to design and launch it’s own cryogenic rocket. The GSLV Mk-III is a true testament to the ingenuity of an intrepid democracy. Resolute is the country we live in today.

Reference – divyanshspacetech.wordpress.com

Inspiring story of Google’s CEO: Sundar Pichai – Must read!!!

Growing up in India, like many of you, Sundar Pichai got my first telephone when he was 12. In case it turned out be a rotary phone, so it wasn’t that great for selfies. But he still loved to call my friends, play with it and sometimes take it apart. That telephone cemented my fascination with technology. Sundar Pichai remember in his parents’ house in Chennai, reading about the invention of the transistor at Bell labs. Of course, that initial invention helped found what became referred to as Silicon Valley and out of that came companies like fairchild semiconductor and Intel and every one the computers and software, that we all use today. You can draw an immediate line from that invention to the technology, that powers your Twitter feed or your WeChat messages today.

Image source : GadegtsNow

When he was younger, people would say, this person didn’t get into this college or something and that is the end of the road. Sundar Pichai thought life is so different from that, and so he think it is important to you know, keep your hopes, keep your dreams and try to follow them and you recognize he think, most of how life plays out is up to you, not up to what happens outside of you. It’s important to keep that in mind and take the long-term view. As a teenager, jumping on to a crowded train. At Chennai and traveling for 24 hours, to attend my school at IIT Kharagpur and that opportunity changed the course of my life. You want to aim high enough that you fail, you know few times thought it is the natural part of the process. In fact, Larry accustomed say if you’re employed on really difficult things, you’re more happy because you’ve got no competition, others aren’t performing on that difficult a drag . And although you fail, you finish up doing something great within the process.

Image source: Thefamousperson

You know, working the real world, it is important to be well rounded, it is important to try different things, or you know take some risks, he would encourage people to follow their passions a little bit more. To follow set lanes throughout your career. Getting into an elite institution doesn’t guarantee success, it matters plenty but it doesn’t guarantee success. It is important to stay that perspective in life and life may be a long road, and you know, you would like to require it at the proper pace and luxuriate in what you are doing. Sundar Pichai knew how much hard work it takes to pursue your dream of building a business. The long hours, time faraway from family, the ideas you recognize are brilliant, that just don’t seem to catch on. Reading that and thinking, it is the concept matters. It didn’t matter where you come from or what your background is.
One revolutionary idea, one brilliant invention can unleash other entrepreneurs to revolutionize, industries and ways you could never predict.

black samsung tablet display google browser on screen — Photo by PhotoMIX Company on Pexels.com

“Stop Worrying and Start Living” – Dale Carnegie – Book review

Dale Carnegie’s how to stop worrying and start living so the first big idea is ask yourself what’s the worst thing that can happen I remember the first year in college constantly worrying about my grades what was I getting to do if I got a B+ rather than an a well surely my life would be over and that i would never amount to anything in life like that was seriously the thought process browsing my 17 year old head now fast-forward five years.

How to Stop Worrying & Start Living
Carnegie tells a story of this guy in World War 2 who’s stuck in a submarine and basically knows that he’ll be dying in the next few hours and he sits there thinking about all the stuff he used to worry about at home and how absurd it was and makes a promise to never waste his life again like that if he survives now that might be hard to resonate with so let me give you a more contemporary example people are having their heads chopped off every single day every single day the only reason it’s not you is because you are born in a certain place. They weren’t that’s it now going back to my friend I told him look here’s what I want you to do every day you will start your morning by watching somebody’s head being chopped off and then you’ll go about the rest of the day.
He started freaking out about how he can’t do that and how he doesn’t like blood and whatever now here’s the thing. I know that’s really crass and morbid but I don’t care if you don’t worry about stuff great you don’t have to watch anything but if you’re worried about stupid all the time you have a disease so you either treat yourself or you never ask about how you can stop worrying again ever. Here’s what I will guarantee you if you start your day by watching someone else have their head chopped off nothing and I mean absolutely nothing could possibly happen to you for the rest of the day that you could get pissed off about and not feel like a complete retard yes when you’ve seen someone’s head chopped off you will have a weird feeling inside you as soon as you start to complain about how you deserve to be paid more at your job or what you’re going to do now since you bought a B+ rather than an A or how your washer is broken you’ll realize that.

automatic weapon bullet camouflage close up — Photo by Pixabay on Pexels.com

If the guy had been given the chance to live and wear that same dirty shirt for the rest of his life without ever being able to wash it he would have been the happiest man alive realize the absurdity of it all the third big idea staying busy now I don’t mean the average busy person actually those are the people that worry the foremost the guy who works 12-hour days then comes home and watches Fox all night worrying about whether some guy can marry another guy or about all the foreigners who will come and take his job you know because he’s the only one entitled to that job I’m not talking about that kind of busy here’s how I like to stay busy read a book that I like go to the gym with my girlfriend play around on the piano and compose cook amazing food work on a project. I’m passionate about now here’s what happens when you do that your brain can’t think of two things at one time it just doesn’t have that capability you can try right now if you want you can’t think of your broken washing machine and at the same time think of how much you love playing soccer it’s not how your brain works so the best way to get rid of the negative thoughts in your head is to actually start putting positive thoughts in there get busy with what you love and your brain simply won’t even have the power to stress . Finally, a question that really resonated with me here’s what you’re going to do in your life you’re going to work and worry your entire life so you can gather a bunch of stuff like your house and all the stupid.

woman working girl sitting — Photo by Alexander Dummer on Pexels.com

If you’re lucky after 50 years of all that worry and stress all of your stuff could be worth 1,000,000 dollars here’s the question would you sell your legs for a million dollars let me ask you this would you sell your legs for a billion dollars I wouldn’t and you probably wouldn’t either would you sell your arms for another billion dollars no there you go you have already got something that you simply value at two billion dollars actually hopefully more but you do not need to be all Zen you could be a greedy capitalist like me and understand this now here’s what you’re going to do you’re going to ignore and not utilize something worth two billion dollars because you’re too busy worrying and stressing about the things that might amount to 1 million dollars at the end of your life oh and you’ll be considered really lucky if that happens by the way all right.

cheerful barista in apron and hat with portafilter — Photo by Ketut Subiyanto on Pexels.com

So, I don’t know if you’re seeing how crazy that is but that’s kind of like having a huge mansion a personal jet every single car you ever wished for and not using and enjoying those things because you’re too worried about at some point having the ability to shop for a Corolla that’s crazy and sad you have already got everything that you value at billions and billions of dollars so stop ignoring wasting and treating it like for hours and days so you can worry and bitch about how your phone bill went up from a hundred dollars to a hundred and twenty.

You can buy this amazing book from here ( click here )

“Soap VS Sanitizer – What Experts Believe?”

Today’s is a time when we humans are living with a pandemic which is growing all over the world. People are getting infected and dying in numbers and it’s count seeing no end. This virus has been named as Corona or Covid-19. This virus infects a person leading him/ her to high fever, cough and lack in breathing. This surely affects the respiratory system of humans, and thus spreads. Since we know that these viruses do require a host to survive, and when they get so, they just multiply. This is a virus which can spread through touch, so mostly advise to maintain a distance of 1 metre or more while talking with a person. But What doctors are so concerned with is the fact that these viruses are going through mutations and are mutating as they spread from one person to another. This surely is a sign of concern, this not only changes the DNA of the virus but also can make it difficult to track the presence of the virus, since the technique must not be able to catch the virus, as it has evolved, thus the virus may be present even if any individual test negative. So what can be done to prohibit and remain safe from this deadliest virus.

Doctors advise to maintain a distance of 1 metre or more while talking, use a handkerchief while sneezing or coughing and frequently wash hands with soap or sanitizer. But one of the frequently asked questions by patients and other individuals is which is better Soap or Sanitizer?

So to test and investigate the effectiveness of these two and figure out which is better, did an experiment. They included and worked on two scenarios.

Washing hands with sanitizer
Washing hands with the soap.

Doctors in the microbiology lab experimented the effectiveness of E. Coli bacteria. They rubbed their hands with the bacteria and then hands were runned on the plates, thus leaving hand impacts which were filled with bacteria. Then they washed their hands with the sanitizer but a very small quantity. Then again with a new simple but with a heavy quantity of sanitizer and the same results were recorded. The second scenario was to rub hands in E. Coli and wash hands with soap. Similar experiment was done, first washing hands for merely 10 seconds and second time for more than 30 seconds.The plates were then set to rest for 24 hours and then results were recorded.

The results were really amazing, hand sanitizer with much of a quantity removed almost all the bacteria than with the little quantity. Same was the case with the soap, the time period of rubbing hands for. More than 30 seconds helped remove more of the bacteria than just running and washing away. But the interesting fact to record was that sanitizer is able to remove almost all the bacteria and clean our hands as compared to soap which helps some of bacteria still intact with the patch.

“So sanitizer as per experts, doctors and scientists are much more effective as compared to soaps. It’s better to use sanitizer anyway since every drop of it remains untouched and pure and thus is an effective way out to stay away from bacteria and virus and thus stay safe“

CHEESE- introduction and production

Cheese is a most commonly used dairy product which is a product derived from milk. Cheese is available in the market in various textures, forms and flavors. It is basically the product of coagulation of milk protein, casein. Cheese is said to be a concentrated form of two major products i.e. Milk protein (casein) and Milk fat. Combination of these two results in the production of cheese which is very much liked by everyone nowadays.
The other ingredients of cheese besides milk are a particular, selective strain of a bacterium, a milk clotting agent and some amount of sodium chloride (to give a salty flavor).
Various types of cheese are present in the market which is basically due to the variation in its basic constituents. No new ingredient is actually added in forming the new type of cheese. Just a basic variation in the already present ingredients can help. Sometimes there is a need to add new additional ingredients which give rise to completely different variety of cheese. It has also been observed and noted that the change in any environmental conditions surrounding the manufacture and subsequent ripening of cheese also affects its manufacturing and thus type.
BASIC CHEESE MANUFACTURING PROCESS –
The basic cheese manufacturing process consists of 3 main stages – Curdling, Curd processing and ripening. All different varieties of cheese can be manufactured at different levels of manufacturing means some cheese can be made in the first step while some needs all the 3 steps to completely occur.

CURDLING –
It is the first and the most important step in the production of cheese. In this step, there is a separation of milk into solid curds and liquid whey. Usually, this step is achieved by the addition of acidifying (souring) agent in milk and adding the enzyme RENNET. The acidification can also be achieved by directly adding some acidic agent such as vinegar. But most commonly for this acidification purpose, a starter bacteria is used which converts milk sugars into lactic acid and without even the addition of any acidic substance, the acidification is achieved. The common starter bacteria which are used are from Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, or Streptococcus families. Swiss cheese requires the addition of Propionibacter Sherman, which is used to produce Carbon dioxide bubbles during ageing resulting in the hole like structure of Swiss cheese.
Some fresh cheeses are curdled only the acidification process, but most cheeses require the addition of enzyme, rennet which sets the cheese as strong and rubbery. It also allows the curdling step at low acidity.
CURD PROCESSING
Till this step, the cheese has now set into a very moist gel. Some soft types of cheeses are essentially complete in the first step. They are just drained, salted and packaged. But from other cheeses, which are not been prepared in the single step, the curd is cut into small cubes which allows the remaining water to drain off from the individual pieces of curd itself.
Some harder cheeses are then heated at a normal temperature which deliberately forces out the whey from the cut curds. This step changes the taste and flavor of the cheese. Apart from providing a salty flavor to cheese, salting has some other benefits also like it prevents cheese from spoiling, it drains out moisture and also it is used in firming he cheese’s texture in an interaction with its proteins. Different cheeses have different processes of getting texture.
RIPENING
Most of the cheeses are already prepared in the last step, some of which are not prepared yet are of harder varieties and more rubbery in texture which is completely attained in this step. In this step, the cheeses are left to rest under controlled conditions. This step is also known as AGING. This step may take several years to complete. As a cheese ages, the microbes and the enzymes secreted by them transform its texture and also intensify the flavor. This transformation is more of a result of the breakdown of casein proteins and milk fat into a complex mixture of amino acids, amines and fatty acids.

Earth’s Eight lost continent Zealandia found

An underwater continent whose existence was discovered 25 years ago named as Zealandia by a geophysist in the year 1995. It ranges about nearly 2 million square miles. It is located at 3500 feet under south Pacific Ocean. The land had been submerged years ago and scientists found it in the year 2017 and it took them nearly 3 years to figure it’s breadth.

Scientists from GNS science in Newzealand officially announced the range and size if the continent accurately. They had also launched the map of our eight continent. “We’ve made these maps to provide an accurate, complete, and up-to-date picture of the geology of the New Zealand and southwest Pacific area — better than we have had before,” Nick Mortimer, who led the work, said.

We can’t survive there because only 6% of continent lies above the sea level and rest submerged under the sea. It is predicted that this continent is 85 million years old. The person coined the term for eight continent said that “The reason I came up with this term is out of convenience,” Luyendyk said. “They’re pieces of the same thing when you look at Gondwana. So I thought, ‘Why do you keep naming this collection of pieces as different things?'”

How are continents formed?

Pangea splited into two halves namely Laurasia and Gondwana which eventually breakers into Europe,Asia, North America and Africa, Antarctica, South America and Australia respectively. These continents rearranged themselves and formed a structure that we see in our maps. In the mean time this division caused some of the land to mere itself underwater 30 million years ago. The rearrangement of the continents made one of the continent to merge in water. Untill 2017 Zealandia was considered to be a microcontinent because its range was unclear. After discovering it’s size now it has been able to fit into the features and descriptions of a continent.

If we could pull the plug on the world’s oceans, it would be quite clear that Zealandia stands out,” he told science news in 2017 adding, “If it wasn’t for the ocean level, long ago we’d have recognized Zealandia for what it was a continent.”

We may have a chance to live underwater if we scientists could research there. Government can rather spend it’s money on underwater survival rather than spending it on space and research. Research where you live before you leave. Hope someday someone will find a way to live underwater when there is no life above the ground.

Xiaomi’s Laptop Launch in India

Xiaomi is a very young tech company in the mobile business compared to most other players of the industry. Mobile phones themselves are not very old technology. Commercial Mobile telephony started in mid-90s. So, it was only natural that the first companies came from other background. The first companies like Nokia, Motorola, Sony, Panasonic and even the Samsung, Apple were already a tech company. Mobile telephony was not their first business. So, when Xiaomi jumped straight into mobile phone manufacturing in 2010 it was one of the first companies to do so.

Launched in 2010 in Beijing, China; Xiaomi made roads to India after just 4 years. In 2014, Xiaomi launched in India and its India journey that we are going to focus today. Xiaomi launched in India on 100% online platform. Armed with cheap Chinese manufacturing and policies, the phones appealed the consumers instantly. So much that the websites crashed on the first day itself. They made it to number one selling smartphone brand in 2017, within just 3-years. They were one of the factors pushing 4G penetration in India. The Ecosystem on the consumer side was a big factor which delayed launch of 4G services in India for many years despite licenses being sold. Xiaomi was a leader in supplying cheap 4G phones. Which lead to faster 4G penetration in India. Xiaomi has built offline sales capacity as well since then. Even today more than half of Xiaomi’s sale comes from online platform.

Xiaomi has not been beyond controversy. In 2014, they faced temporary ban by High Court of Delhi due to a complaint filed by Ericsson. Xiaomi has also faced concerns regarding privacy and data thefts. Based out of China, the lack of transparency brings such concerns naturally. But cheap products with reasonable quality has been warding off the privacy and security concerns of price conscious Indian customers.

Since 2014, Xiaomi has launched several mobile phones. Slowly they have ventured into other home appliances also. They are selling Air Purifiers, Water Filters, Smart Televisions, Fitness bands to count a few. They have been expanding their categories continuously. So, it was only a matter of time before Xiaomi started selling laptops.

Xiaomi is set to launch their first laptops next week in India. Powered by Intel i5 and i7, they are priced between 40,000 and 55,000. They come with Solid State Drives, Great graphics cards and fast charging. The sale will start on online platforms- Amazon and Mi website. With the current ongoing lockdown and the Corona pandemic, the Work-From-Home culture is on the rise. And WFH requires personal laptops so the demand of the laptops is going to rise. So, a quality laptop reasonably priced should sale like hot cakes.

However, there has been an increase in tension at India China border. China is being the aggressive oppressive bully. They have destroyed Tiber, they are destroying Hongkong and not to say anything about the human rights issues within their country, and now they want to grab Indian territories. And all this is happening when the world is facing a life-threatening pandemic which incidentally has been gifted by China. Naturally, Indian consumers want to boycott Chinese products. But unfortunately, Indian consumers do not have much money and/or options to be choosy. We will have to see how much Indian consumers are able to resist something they know they want to avoid.

Wise Device: Cellphone

Earlier people had to wait to send and receive a message where was a chance of losing the cognitive and emotional connect, which has now reduced to zero with the invention of mobile phone. Apart from enhancing social connection, mobile phones are widely used in industry work that saves time and money as well. But today, Men have come a long way in technological advancement with time that has affected our life and has changed it in many ways. World has become a global village where many things seems to be just a click away. Life has become more convenient and easy with it and undoubtedly one of the major being invention of mobile phone. Anytime-any place, is what defines a cell phone as it is one of the portable and fast medium of communication. Or in other words it can be said as, one of the major invention that has become the lifeline of the masses. It has brought communication revolution around the world and changed the way people connect to each other. Previously it was just a device used to receive and send a message but with the evolution of internet it has become a multitasking device used for various purposes making it more impactful in both good and bad sense. Earlier people had to wait to send and receive a message where was a chance of losing the cognitive and emotional connect, which has now reduced to zero with the invention of mobile phone. Apart from enhancing social connection, mobile phones are widely used in industry work that saves time and money as well.

Previously it was just a device used to receive and send a message but with the evolution of internet it has become a multitasking device used for various purposes making it more impactful in both good and bad sense.

Be it information, entertainment, education, mobile phones have now become a portable computer that can perform many task in one go. It is best device to boost up knowledge on any particular topic be it a subject-related or any issues and happening around the world. Nothing can be a better choice for social gathering than mobile phone these days as its makes people more approachable amid friends and relatives. It’s a best device to socialize anytime soon. Life seems little less complex with the invention of mobile phone.

But as the coins have the other side- mobile phone too has its demerits. Easy access on internet has also made it a device for isolation. Teenagers and adults can be witnessed frequently messaging, gaming, posting updates, clicking pictures or else watching videos and listening music. According to a survey on the most popular smart phone activities in India 2017 almost 50 percent of the respondent accessed social media via mobile. India recorded the world’s highest number of selfie death, accounting more than any other countries in the world.

High use of mobile phone is leading to health issues as well. People who tend to use mobile phone on bed seem to have interrupted health and sleep disorders. Children are becoming more dependent on search engines rather than being creative. It is affecting their creative skill making them dependent on internet. Frequent use of mobile phone is killing absorption as frequent notification, messaging is emerging as a disturbing agent and is killing concentration of the people. Mobile has its impact of people life style and living habit as people have become more fake and cunning. Like any other technology, mobile phones too can be a choice to lead a good life but as said excess of everything is bad.

YOGURT- a fermented milk product

Yogurt is a basic fermented milk product that usually contains the basic bacterial starter cultures of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophillus.
Although the composition of different types of yogurts changes but there is some fixed composition of fats present in them. It is important to note that all yogurts must contain at least 8.25% of solid which is not fat. The fat composition changes with the type of yogurt like full fat yogurt must contain not less than 3.25% of milk fat whereas low fat yogurt must not contain more than 2% milk fat. Also there is a category of non fat yogurt where the fat composition is even less than 0.5%.
The yogurt is basically a mixture of milk and cream which is then fermented by using a culture of Lactic acid producing bacteria. The types of milk which can be used are whole, reduced-fat, low-fat or non-fat depending on which the type of yogurt is decided. The lactic acid produced by the starter culture bacteria is basically responsible for lowering the pH of the yogurt making it acidic and tart. This finally causes the milk protein to thicken. These bacteria ferment the milk which results in the production of yogurt leads to partial digestion of the milk making it more easily digestible. In addition, these bacteria also act as a beneficial microorganisms for the human body as they act as oral-antibiotic therapy and helps in eliminating the pathogenic-bacteria from the gut and replenishing the non-pathogenic bacteria.

Ingredients of yogurt –
Milk
Cream
Sweeteners (e.g. sugar, honey, aspartame, etc)
Flavorings (e.g. vanilla, coffee, etc)
Other ingredients (e.g. fruits, preserves, stabilizers such as gelatin)

Types of yogurt –

Set yogurt – This type of yogurt has a jelly-like structure and texture and is incubated and cooled in a final package.
Stirred yogurt – This type is less firm than set yogurt. It is incubated in a tank and final coagulum is broken by stirring before cooling.
Drinking yogurt – It also has coagulum broken before cooling though very little reformation of coagulum will occur.
Frozen yogurt – This type of yogurt is incubated in the same way the stirred yogurt is incubated. It has an ice-cream like texture.
Flavored yogurt – In this type of yogurt, flavors are added just before yogurt is poured into pots and the sugar content present in this type of yogurt is about 50%.

General processing of yogurt –

Adjusting milk composition and blending all the ingredients
Pasteurization of milk (at 85 degrees celcius for 85 minutes)
Homogenization of milk (2000-2500psi)
Cooling of milk to 42 degree celcius
Inoculation with bacterial starter cultures into the cooled milk
pH reduction by waiting for sometime
Again cooling to 7 degree celcius
Addition of fruits and flavors
Packaging of prepared yogurt.

Health benefits of yogurt:
• Yogurt is comparably easier to digest than milk.
• It is rich in variety of vitamins.
• It is a rich source of protein.
• As it is source of protein, it may help in losing weight and gain muscles.
• It acts as a booster for immune system
• It is also important and useful for digestive system. It destroys the pathogenic microorganisms from the gut.
• It is good for bones especially for kids and elderly
• It may also be useful in lowering the blood pressure.

MRI

As medical sciences is getting better everyday it is mostly focussing more and more on the specific organ or part of the body having problem rather than doing a trial and error medication. For this it is really important that the doctors have the knowledge of the specific area of problem and body scanners do serves this purpose. They scan the body and develops the image of the inner body organs. There are many scanners out there like

X- rays – This is the most common method used to scan the injured bones, the rays are used as they are blocked by bones and dense tissues of the body.
CT scan – Also called computed tomography this is used to get detailed view of blood vessels and organs in the body.

Third most important scanning technique is the MRI whose full form is magnetic resonance imaging, the technique was invented in 1972 by Felix Bloch and Edward Purcell. Although in the early years this scanning technique was not used in human body, perhaps this idea was put by Raymond Damadian as he showed the doctors a way to actually use MRI to detect tumors. After some years of developing the machine so as to use it on human, in 1977 it was the first time that MRI was used on humans.

Physics behind MRI scanning

MRI is claimed to be better than CT scanning as it gives more detailed images of the body parts. Another important difference is MRI do not use radiations as CT or X-rays, as exposure to radiations can be a bit risky and especially X-rays can be harmful for pregnant women.

As we know about 60% percent of our body is composed of water and chemical composition of water contains 2 hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. The hydrogen atom has one proton and one electron, and the nuclei has a characteristic precession because of which the magnetic moment is created. when the body is exposed to a magnetic field of 1.5 to 3 Tesla, these magnetic moment aligns to the direction of magnetic field as the nuclei starts precessing about the magnetic field they are exposed to, this precession is called larmor precession. The frequency of the precession is proportional to the applied magnetic field. Next a radio frequency pulse is applied which is equal to the frequency of the larmor precession, this causes the energy exchange and as they are in resonance. This causes the direction of magnetic moment to tilt a bit in the direction of the radio frequency pulse applied and when this radio frequency pulse is removed it tends magnetic moment to again come back to its position that is to align in the direction of the magnetic field . As this happens the nuclei emits its own radio frequency pulse, and different tissues in the body gives out different Radio frequency pulse. To detect this pulse the body is covered by a coil which detects these pulses and these are converted to an image using the computers which uses mathematical methods like fourier transformation. This results in the highly accurate image of the body parts.

Though MRI is simple and has less risks like all these years pregnant women take MRI scans and there has not been any report of any abnormalities while the child is born, but there are some precautions to be taken as follows

Make sure one does not have any magnetic objects while going into the room
There are many patients who fall sick after MRI, it is really normal because of the sedative given before the scan
One should never move while MRI scan is been taken.
One should avoid driving after he or she has taken MRI scan.

“Mutations In Corona Virus-Leading Towards Second Wave?”

Current era we are living in is a time of pandemic which is spread all over the world, infecting millions of people and thousands of people losing life. The hike is growing day by day with no proper vaccines and cure to it. There have been various studies and ways to test this disease. But various scientists are concerned about something which is surely not good news for people around the world. They believe that the spread of Corona-virus is increasing with its increase in mutation. Mutation is a phenomenon which means the change in the DNA sequence and this mutation can be due to mistake while Copying Of DNA to another cell or due to environment factors as a source of change and adapting the surrounding.

There have been countries where this pandemic has been eradicated and some places where it is seeing a general downfall in its rate, while there are countries on the contrary and are seeking hikes day by day. Scientists believe that corona-virus may be mutating while it replicates from one individual to another. But the interesting fact is that these viruses or bacteria do mutate every time which means they do and can change themselves while they get transferred from one person to others we know then need a host to be alive. Virus can be thus simply explained as anything that things that infect us and thus make us sick. Scientists believe that this Covid-19 virus is made up of RNA or Ribonucleic acid which is the building block of life and carry codes which do for a living organism. So this mutation happens when the sequence changes. When these viruses make mistakes in copying their code, they can’t reverse it which man’s that once it gets changed it will be the same forever, and this change goes on happening as it grows . Scientists have come up with discoveries reflecting the mutation process in this Covid- 19 virus .

It is believed that the mutation changes are very small and the person would be feeling the same symptoms as present in the older cases.
But mutation could be an area of concern while testing, as it may be possible that the technique we use for testing it may not be able to catch the mutation and thus gives us a negative result while it is still being present inside the body.
Also the possibility exists to find a vaccine solving the older virus while the new mutated virus still survives . So there needs to be advancement with time for testing technique, and at least twice a person should be tested so as to get a proper report.
This change in mutations and their known symptoms could also help the doctors to prepare the vaccine more accurately and effectively.

But there are biologists that believe that mutations of covid-19 virus are small and their change remains mostly the same. So this could be a strong reason which could give a reason to start the “Second wave” of virus, with much improved mutated virus. “So scientists and biologists need to remain updated with any change in the characteristics of these viruses, catch their mutations, track them and thus use them to find a proper vaccine and way out other than social distancing and thus save humanity from this deadliest virus and its spread”.

It’s okay not to be okay !

We are all here in this pandemic, most of us are staying at homes. Keeping ourselves away from others for theirs as well as our well being. But staying so long at home results in mental illness as well.

We go around and start living in new places, sometimes may be due to work or maybe any other reason. Being in a place with completely new people brings difficulties and lessons. There are many observations and analysis you make about people. Some people might have stuck in the place of their work. Staying out means you grow and become a better version of yourself and explore more. Your life becomes quick and fast. You try new things and make memories. But sometimes you just feel that things are not going well. It’s not just about being away from home but it can happen whether you are with your parents or with family things can make you upset.

Breaking up with people can make you sad, failure in any field you work can make you upset at the end of a month when you are broke and don’t have a single penny to do buy what you want can make you sad.

Materialistically, emotionally, physically, atmospherically things can get against you and can make you sad. You might not find things going well and you want to isolate yourself from this entire world, you would think that things are not at their best pace, and you are not worth anything.

•Accept that you are sad!!

There are times when you feel happy about various things. There are times when small surprises can make you happy and you feel blessed for what is happening around. There are days when you just wake up feeling so fresh about things and you love the day for no reason because you woke up like this. You laugh and sing inside your head all day long and smile.

And then there are days when you don’t want yourself to be bothered by many people and lay inside your bed for no reason. You feel fine physically but mentally you don’t feel much fresh and happy.

•It’s okay if you don’t know

Sometimes you know the reason sometimes you just don’t. It’s okay to feel this way. It’s totally fine to feel upset about things. Every time you don’t need to have that smile on your face. It’s your body that accepts that you are sad. Moreover, accept that you can be sad. It’s okay to be sad. It’s normal to feel dejected and not to feel good for yourself. Accept that things went wrong, accept that you failed and you need to work hard. Days have nights and nights have days. Time heals everything. Don’t resist it. Live it and accept it.

•Once you accept it!

You conquer half of the battle just by accepting the fact that you are not happy and you need a break. Don’t just isolate yourself from this world. Don’t resist people and their presence. Think of things you didn’t do because of your work or you just forgot what you used to do. Do them. Get back to work that’s all you need to do. When you are happy, you celebrate but you never leave your work. The same is the case when you are sad. When you are sad just don’t stop working. Start working more. Make yourself busy. Make things go as they were and don’t leave your daily routine. Things will fall into their places give it some time. Have patience and enjoy the phase of your life. Its okay things will become good.

•Don’t confuse it with depression!

Don’t confuse things with depression. Things might go wrong. But depression is a very large term. Being sad should not be misled with being depressed. Depression is medically proved diseases which can only be assured if taken the proper test and with doctor’s concern. Depression is a disorder which affects a person’s thoughts, behavior, tendencies, feeling, and sense of well-being. Depression is more likely a mental illness and it should not be taken lightly.

How to be assured?

Let us compare this with having dengue, until and unless your doctor assures that you are suffering from it you just don’t consider that you re affected with it. Similarly, when you are not assured properly with what you are suffering from then you should not consider being in depression. It is a medical statement that should be used when checked properly. Just because you are sad is not necessary that you are depressed. Most of the people in the society and our surrounding have this misconception of being in depression is very common. But this is not true. You must never think like these rather consult a doctor if in doubt.

Best measures to overcome depression.

Sleep. Take proper sleep. Go to bed early and wake up early. Sleep for at most 6 hours daily. Proper sleep is a part of a healthy life and a better mood. This gives new energy to the body and freshens up the mind with new thoughts. It helps in stimulating our immune system as well as our emotional balance.

Connect to nature and feel the beauty of it, admire it, and listen to what your body tells you. Find a park nearby and go for a walk. Keeping in mind that you need to have proper social distancing. It can be a morning walk or maybe an evening walk, totally depends on you. But try some quality time alone.

Listen to music that fills your heart with joy. Things will go well. Listen to your favorite music.

Laugh and make people laugh. Laughing is good exercise. It regulates blood circulation, this results in the growth of oxygen in the blood which will make you feel good. You will feel good as your body starts feeling good. Accept, it is life and you need to enjoy every bit and admire it whether it is dark or sunshine. The worth of good times can only be felt by bad ones. God is great. He has plans. And he does things for a good reason.

Start doing yoga. It helps to maintain focus. You will get most of your answers while doing it. It helps to think correctly and maintains positivity in one’s life.

Connect with your old friends. Remember old times when you all used to laugh around but then don’t make yourself sad by too much remembering those times, joking!!

Tell someone that you are sad. Tell them everything. Talk about your feelings and clear your mind. Let things come out. Talking to your loved ones bring a solution to your problem. Maybe they can bring new opportunities.

If failed consider it as an attempt towards success. Get back to life and work you are the star of your life.

Start writing or reading. This will help you to express without the fear of being judged by someone and you can be yourself.

And before you finish reading this just remember

LIFE IS GOOD, NO MATTER HOW HARD THINGS HIT YOU, AND TIME WILL TAKE CARE OF IT AND THINGS WILL GO WELL.

Don’t be too hard on yourself. Try at least some of the measures to live and feel better. It’s your life, love yourself

15 Books Bill Gates recommend – Must Read!!!

An average person reads 1.5 books per year while your average top CEO reads over 50 books per year they do this so they can maintain a competitive edge in the game and find new ideas that could improve both their lifestyles and companies this time we’re taking a look at the books multi billionaire Bill Gates thinks everyone should read because they had such an incredible impact on his own journey.

Here is list of all 15 books that must be read by you to get a better life style:

1, Where good Ideas come from :- Steven Johnson

Click here to view the book