Father-daughter relationships have always been the most beautiful thing in this world, and embracing this bond is equally important. So, reschedule your plans for the weekend girls, and watch these movies beautifully portraying father- daughter bond.
The whale shark (Rhincodon typus Smith, 1828) is the world’s largest fish, reaching 15 meters (m) and 18 metric tons (Colman 1997). The head is broad and flattened with a large terminal mouth, miniscule teeth, and large gill slits. The eyes are small and located just behind the mouth on each side of the head. There are three prominent ridges along the back. The first dorsal fin is larger than the second dorsal fin and is set midway back on the shark. Whale sharks have distinctive markings of pale white spots and stripes on their dark dorsal surface, which resembles a checkerboard pattern. It has been suggested that this checkerboard pattern functions as camouflage in the pelagic environment (Wilson and Martin, 2004). Since the arrangement of spots is specific to the individual, photographic identification libraries are being complied for whale shark populations around the world (ECOCEAN).
Though Whale Sharks have several hundred teeth, they don’t use them to eat. Instead, these fish are filter feeders, swimming forward to swallow prey. They are carnivorous, eating krill, crab and fish larvae, small schooling fish, and jellyfish. Humans are not on the menu.
Whale Sharks live in all warm and tropical seas, are migratory, and swim more than 1,000 metres below the surface. Feeding aggregations occur seasonally at several locations, including Ningaloo Reef.
What is well known is that whale sharks live in all of the world’s tropical and warm temperate seas and prefer surface water temperatures of 21 to 25 degrees Celsius. They are migratory, with individuals swimming thousands of kilometers to places where food “pulses,” like mass coral spawning events, at the same time every year. You’ll find no couch-potato habits among whale sharks, despite their size.
Whale sharks are considered to be highly migratory. Some moved over 8,000 miles in approximately three years (Eckert and Stewart 2001). In the Caribbean, specimens tagged off Belize moved westward to Honduras and others northward to the Yucatan peninsula (personal communication, R. Graham Wildlife Conservation Society). There are reports of a few sharks that have moved from Meso-American waters (e.g., Belize, Honduras) into the southern Gulf of Mexico (personal communication R. Graham, Wildlife Conservation Society). Two immature male whale sharks tagged off Holbox, Mexico, moved in different directions. One moved south to Honduras and the other moved north to Brownsville, Texas, (personal communication R. Hueter, Mote Marine Laboratory). There is no information on movements of whale sharks from the Caribbean Sea to the northern Gulf of Mexico.
Whale Sharks do give birth to live young, but not in the way you’re thinking. The Whale Shark is oviparous, meaning the female sharks produce eggs that are hatched inside of her. These eggs are not all born at once, but are born in a steady stream over a certain period.
Able to birth around 300 young, Whale Sharks reach sexual maturity at 30 years and live to a total of around 70 to 100 years.
Threats
The Whale Shark population is at risk. Vessel strikes and being caught accidentally by commercial fishing vessels has led the Whale Shark to be considered a vulnerable species.
Friends, in today’s time, we have many different options. Now whether to take the important decision daily, or choose a carrier for life. I wish we could do this and sow too. Because most of the people don’t even know what their ONE thing is, on which they should focus. That’s why they are always confused. Whereas productivity in everyday life style or success of life long. Not by doing 10 different things. Rather, there is success in doing ONE thing.
As we all get 24 hrs in a day, then why some people depend on the time to come to finish your work today and how some people finish all your important work on time. How some people succeed very quickly and become lentils, and why some people, even after trying for a long time, have not been able to identify you yet. To solve this problem, today I will tell you the summary of The ONE Thing book. The writer of this book is Gary Keller and Jay papasan.
What is ONE Thing:
ONE thing means to put all your time and energy to do one thing at a time. And for now forget the rest of the work. The work that is most important to you. Who matters the most. A job that fulfills your life purpose. For example you know Virat Kohli only for cricket. He has given maximum of his time in cricket. If he had been given in cricket as well as in software engineer or in some other work, then he would not have become an expert in any one thing.
Like most people, your mind must be asking to do or become more than one thing. Like sometimes you would like to become an engineer, sometimes to go to a film, sometimes to become a doctor. Friends, ask yourself clearly what do you want in your life, what is your life purpose. If you keep changing from one path to another, you will not get anywhere. If you try to catch two rabbits at once, then you will not be able to catch either one. So, what’s your ONE thing, you can find out by trying out the 80/20 principle. The 80/20 principle says, 20% of your work gives 80% result.
You are ought to do the work which is more important and should be done first. What is 20% of the work you have done that you should do now and that work will improve your future. Find the work before you finish it.
6 lies that stand in the seed of your success :
1.Everything matters equally :
When we do any work, we feel that all the work is important for us. But in real, all the work is not important for us, there is a lot of work which is not so important and still we do it. Some work is such that we need to finish it first, and some work is such that we have to do it but if we do it later, it will work. So, finish the most important work first.
2.Multitasking :
Multitasking is an exemption. Which is not good and we don’t need it.
If I read A,B,C,D,E and 1,2,3,4,5 together it will take me 2.16 sec.
But if I combine,
A, B, C, D, E
1,2,3,4,5
A1, B2, C3, D4, E5, If I read this, it will take me 6.48 sec.
So, multitasking will take more time and you will not be able to do the same work properly.
3. A Disciplined life :
To be successful it is very important to have a disciplined life. This is also an exemption, friends, you can be successful even if you are less disciplined. Because success comes in doing the right thing in the right way. It is enough to be disciplined in life as much as you can work on your one thing.
4. It is necessary to always have desire in a human being, this is also an exemption :
Like a phone’s battery, human body power and will power…
It is necessary to charge after it expires. We have to charge our mind by listening to motivation video, motivation blog, motivation audio. Friends, when we wake up in the morning, when our mind is in full charge, at this time do your one thing.
5. Everything in life should be kept in balance:
This too is wrong and a subtle lie. Along with family, start your own business, full time job and see it is very difficult, friends. Sometimes we give all our time to our family because at that time we do not have any important work. But when we have more work, then we have to give more time to our work. You should give more time than one thing to your main goal, that is, your more time should be spent from where you can get big results.
6. Thinking big is wrong:
This is also a lie, friends, the bigger your thinking, the greater will be your chance of getting one thing. If you think small the action will also be small and you will get success too small.
The Four Thieves of productivity :
1. Learn to say No:
When you work on your one thing, many people will come to distract you and make them work. You do not tell them all and focus on your work.
2.Fear of chaos :
After you say no, there may be some disturbance in life. Face the situation like this and work on your one thing. no matter what happen, because your future is in your hands.
3.Poor Health Habits :
Bad habits that spoil your health, whether you have a gun, a knife or a knife, if your condition is not good then anyone can defeat you. Being sick, you will be able to focus on one thing. That’s why exercise daily and eat good food because health is wealth.
4. Environment Doesn’t Support your Goals :
If the environment of the palace in which you live is not good, then it will have a bad effect on your goal. Try to live in a good environment.
After local children teased him about his childhood obesity, his father enrolled him in a gymnasium at Madlauda; he was later enrolled in a gym in Panipat.While there, he also visited the nearby Panipat Sports Authority of India centre, where javelin thrower Jaiveer Choudhary recognized his early talent.[ Observing Chopra’s ability to achieve a 40-metre throw without training and impressed by his drive, Choudhary became his first coach.After training under Choudhary for a year, the 13-year-old Chopra was admitted to the Tau Devi Lal Sports Complex in Panchkula, four hours from his home. The sports complex was then one of only two facilities in the state of Haryana with a synthetic runway. There, he trained under coach Ahmad, who made him train in long-distance running along with the javelin throw. Initially while at Tau Devi, he typically achieved throws of around 55 metres. He soon increased his range, and won the 2012 junior nationals in Lucknow by achieving a new national record throw of 68.40 metres.The next year, he entered his first international competition, the World Youth Championships in Ukraine. He won his first international medal in 2014, a silver at the Youth Olympics Qualification in Bangkok. He achieved his first throw of over 70 metres at the 2014 senior nationals, following this up with a world record throw in the junior category of 81.04 metres in the 2015 All India Inter-University Athletics Meet; this was his first throw of over 80 metres.Chopra received a callback for the national-level training camp in 2015, leaving Panchkula in early 2016 to train at NIS Patiala. He won a gold medal at the 2016 South Asian Games with a throw of 84.23 m, where he equalled the Indian national record.
Career Of N. Chopra
Chopra won gold in the 2017 Asian Athletics Championships with a throw of 85.23 metres.In the men’s javelin throw at 2018 Commonwealth Games, he registered a season-best effort of 86.47 metres, becoming one of the few Indian athletes to win a gold medal on their Commonwealth Games debut, also becoming the first Indian to win the javelin throw at the Games. In May 2018, he again broke the national record at the Doha Diamond League with a throw of 87.43 metres.
In August 2018, Chopra made his debut appearance at the Asian Games representing India at the 2018 Asian Games, and was also the flag-bearer for the Indian contingent during the 2018 Asian Games Parade of Nations.On 27 August, he threw a distance of 88.06 m to win gold in the Men’s javelin throw at the 2018 Asian Games and set a new Indian national record, bettering his own previous record.It was also India’s first gold medal in javelin throw at the Asian Games. Chopra was the only track and field athlete that year to be recommended by the AFI for the country’s highest sports award, the Khel Ratna, but was awarded the Arjuna Award in September 2018.
Having suffered an elbow injury, Chopra underwent surgery in Mumbai on 2 May 2019, the day after the qualifying competitions for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics had begun After a period of recuperation, involving meditation and rehabilitative training at Patiala and the IIS Vijayanagar, Chopra travelled to South Africa in November 2019 for training under German biomechanics expert Klaus Bartoneitz. Previously, he had been coached by Gary Calvert,Werner Daniels and Uwe Hohn.After a 16-month hiatus, he returned to international competition in January 2020 with a winning throw of 87.86 metres in the Athletics Central North West League Meeting in Potchefstroom, South Africa, which qualified him for Tokyo.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Chopra spent the next year in India training at the NIS Patiala.On 5 March 2021, Chopra again broke his own national record with a new throw of 88.07m, establishing him in a world leading position. After weeks of attempting to secure a travel visa, which Chopra described as frustrating, he was cleared to travel to France with his coach. He opened his international season of 2021 with a throw of 83.18 metres that earned him a gold medal at an event in Lisbon, Portugal, but skipped the World Athletics Continental Tour and the Diamond League event at Gateshead to rest and prepare for the Olympics.
2020 Tokyo Olympics
See also: Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men’s javelin throw
Chopra made his debut at the Olympics representing India at the 2020 Summer Olympics. On 4 August 2021, he was placed in Group A. Despite the effects of jet lag after flying to Tokyo from Sweden and a disrupted sleep schedule due to regular dope-control testing, Chopra topped his group and qualified for the final in the men’s javelin throw with a throw of 86.65 metres. Competing with more-experienced and better-performing athletes, notably Johannes Vetter of Germany, Chopra’s strategy for the final, which he developed with his coach Bartonietz, was to rely on his speed and put pressure on the rest of the field with a powerful long throw.
As a result, Chopra won the gold medal in the final on 7 August with a throw of 87.58 m,and became the first Indian Olympian to win a gold medal in athletics, and the first post-independence Indian Olympic medalist in athletics. He also became the second Indian to win an individual Olympic gold medal after Abhinav Bindra, who won the gold medal in the men’s 10 m air rifle in the 2008 Summer Olympics. Chopra dedicated his win to sprinters Milkha Singh and P. T. Usha.
World War II was a war globally fought between many world countries that formed two military alliances – Allies and Axis Powers. This war lasted between 1939-1945. More than 30 countries had participated involving around 100 personnel. World War II was the deadliest of wars. Countries had strategically used military resources and bombing strategies to conquer. Nuclear weapons used during this war still haunts the country that was a victim of such inhuman act to destroy humanity. Millions of people had died as a result of genocides, outbreak of dangerous diseases, starvation, large massacres.
This war is said to gave generally started on 1st September 1939, when Adolf Hitler of Nazi Germany captured Poland. The United Kingdom and France had declared war on Germany. Germany had control over Europe countries and decided to join Italy and Japan, forming Axis Alliance. In mid-1940’s, France had failed and was falling, while campaigns were run in North Africa and East Africa. So, the war then continued between the Axis power and United Kingdom.
Nazi Germany went on to conquer Soviet Union opening the Eastern Front. This strategy trapped the Axis Power. Japan aimed to capture most parts of Asia and the Pacific. But it in a state of war with Republic of China in 1937. In 1941, Japan attacked America and British territories. It even tried to capture Central Pacific and Southeast Asia. US declared war on Japan after it attacked on the US fleet at Pearl Harbor. Germany and Italy were defeated. Germans were being defeated with on Eastern Front. Western allies captured and occupied Germany and France. Soviet Union reacquired it territories. Germans had occupied European countries but with Hitler’s death the Germans had surrendered. A statement called Potsdam Declaration, stated surrender of Japanese military forces was refused to sign by Japan. USA dropped nuclear bomb on Hiroshika on 6th August and Nagasaki on 9th August that was today. The fear of more nuclear bombings and Soviet Union invasion, Japan signed document of surrender. France, China, United Kingdom, United States and Soviet Union had become victorious. At the end, USA and Soviet Union had become major powers to influence countries around the world.
World War II proved to be devastating with millions of deaths around the world. Adolf Hitler was responsible for Holocaust that killed more than 6 million people. Policies of Hitler were against Jews that involved mass killing. Ukrainians and Russians were also mercilessly killed. Biological and chemical weapons were tested against innocent people and the prisoners by Germans and Japanese. Germans had captured young children and deported to Auschwitz. They forced to labor and were medically experimented. Germans occupied millions of Europeans and slaved them in German industry. Japan had camps of prisoners of wars that were mainly used as labor camp. Nuclear bombings in Japan were the worst of all. The fatality of the bombings still haunts Japanese people affecting the young generation through physical disability. Asia witnessed greater than 10 million killings. Nanking Massacre killed thousands of Chinese civilians. They were raped and murdered.
World War caused tremendous life and property destruction. Economies of various countries had failed to provide for the civilians due to enormous financial loss. This war showcased pure hatred towards innocent civilians.
Have not all of us enjoyed a plateful of guavas sprinkled with chaat masala atop?
Guava benefits for health and skin
1. Immunity Booster
Guava fruit contains 4 times the vitamin C content present in oranges. Vitamin C helps improve immunity and protects you against common infections
2. Lowers Risk of Cancer
Guava fruit has shown to be widely successful in reducing prostate cancer risk and also inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells.
3.Improves Eyesight
Due to the presence of Vitamin A, guava is well known as a booster for vision health. It can not only prevent degradation of eyesight, but even improve eyesight.
4. Beats Toothache
Guava leaves have a potent anti-inflammatory action and a powerful antibacterial ability which fights infection and kills germs.
5.Stress-Buster
The magnesium present in the fruit is responsible for one of the many benefits of guava, helps to relax the muscles and nerves of the body.
6.Weight Loss
Guava is just the ticket. Without compromising your intake of proteins, vitamins and fiber, guava helps you lose weight by regulating your metabolism.
7.Cough and Cold
Guava has one of the highest quantities of vitamin-C and iron among fruits, and both are proven to be preventive against cold and viral infections.
What is the best time to eat guava?
In fact, fruits are best absorbed on an empty stomach, early morning, as a snack between two meals, or before or after a workout to refuel your body.
How many guava can I eat a day?
One guava makes up one of the 4-5 recommended servings of fruit per day. Like many fruits, guava has a significant amount of sugar in it.
(Photo: Book Depository)
The Hound of the Baskerville is a book full of mystery and suspense. The story starts when Sir Charles Baskerville was found dead which was believed to be a murder. A friend of Sir Charles, Dr. Mortimer introduces the case to Watson and Holmes, so as to protect his heir, Sir Henry Baskerville. Watson is sent to the Dartmoor, where Charles was killed so as to protect Sir Henry while Holmes remains in London. Many unusual events occur in Dartmoor but later Watson learns that it was Sherlock doing his investigation secretly.
The main theme is superstition, evil, greedy for money and suspense. Holmes believes in science whereas Charles believed in superstition. Many unusual things occur in the Dartmoor which was later found by the Holmes doing the investigation. Holmes uses his intellectual powers to find the murderer. The superstitious theme is set up by the curse, the Baskerville Hall, and the hound. However, after so many suspense, Holmes learns that the murderer is Charles neighbor, Jack Stapleton, a Rodger Baskerville who wants to take over the family estate and plotted a plan to kill his relatives using a hound which he painted with phosphorus so as to make it look haunted. After seeing the hound, Charles got a heart attack. Holmes is a detective who was appointed to find the murderer. Watson is the assistant and friend of Holmes and is also the narrator. Dr. Mortimer is Charles friend and a house surgeon. Sir Henry is the heir of the Baskerville Hall who lived in America.
This book got a very great response by the readers. It’s widely accepted in the society and the popularity is also very high. It is one of the four crime novels written by the Sherlock Holmes. The book is unique and suspenseful in its own way and does not need any other changes according to me. The book is full of mysteries and supernatural elements which makes it very interesting for the readers. There is not a single instance where you will feel bored. Anyone can fall in love with this book who loves crime and suspense.
Communication is so important in business, because business need people with good communication skills and our people need business. So, both are interconnected with one another. While communication has always been the Central to business, the nature of work today presents special communication challenges.
‘WE SEE THE WORLD AS WE ARE NOT AS WHAT THE WORLD IS’, stated by German philosopher Nietzsche. The statement comes true by that there is no meaning in signs, symbols, clues and objects around us, the meaning is just vested in the mind coming to us from uniqueness which is the result of experience. Programming by external environment fixes our mindsets, perspectives, biases, preconceived notions and beliefs. The audience can make sense and interpret the world around them only through individual filters.
The relationship of communicators also forms an important context of communication.
Organizational contexts: The Organization to which your audience belongs – priorities, circumstances, slow or fast in pace of work can be strongly influenced by the way the message is going to be delivered.
Professional Contexts: Different professionals have different perspectives. Being aware of the internal and external ones makes you identify the priorities.
Personal Contexts: It all depends upon the current circumstances. Who you are, success, failure relationship, financial ups and downs, state of health and the physical environment all can affect communicative act. If you are aware eg. The intended recipient of your message is under stress or having a bad day, you can adapt your communication accordingly.
Choose the best words for your message. Adapting your message to one reader requires care, but addressing many needs to be considered carefully. In general, use familiar words for better understanding. Avoid words that are stereotyped by age. Avoiding words that are typecasted with the disabilities and negative descriptions. Understand an adapt to the different generations of people in the workplace.
FOLLOW ETHICS WIN COMMUNICATION
Software programming is a very popular and essential thing in computer science student’s life. Everyone would have a at least a basic idea of software programming and what it is all about. Programming is a set of instructions that is given to computer to perform a specific task.
To explain it in a simple words let us take an example of our daily life, like us we have a common language to communicate with each other , to give someone any instructions for a work, same goes for computers they also have a particular language to perform a task. They cannot understand our language to do a particular thing . and the way we can communicate and give instruction to computer to perform a task is with the help of programming.
Companies in Software programming
There are various jobs as software programmer but it depends on the kind of industry we are working on . it can be a IT company as a software Programmer , which is software product company like Microsoft adobe etc. If we are working in software product company we would be required to do programming for different software products or monitoring the work of many groups of programmers who are working on different parts of the software. we may required in testing each software carefully to remove all glitches in it.
Another kind of IT company is software service companies like Wipro , Infosys etc. In these companies, we do not have to make software products but have to work with individual customers to develop customized software products that would solve the customer’s particular problem. The customer or clients could be any companies like of car manufacturing , banks or any other who are needing a software solution to their problems to save their time , money and many other things.
In a software service company , we can be either a programmer or project leader. we could be involved in documentation in testing or debugging ( running the program again and again with different inputs).
Some advantages of being a software programmer
This is all about software programming companies and opportunities we can get. Talking just about programming languages there are different types of programming like java , C , C++ , python etc. students should learn programming languages as soon as possible in school time for their future if we want our career in it.
Major Dhyan Chand (29 August 1905 – 3 December 1979) was an Indian field hockey player widely regarded as one of the greatest in the history of the sport. He was known for his extraordinary goal-scoring feats, in addition to earning three Olympic gold medals, in 1928, 1932 and 1936, during an era where India dominated field hockey. His influence extended beyond these victories, as India won the field hockey event in seven out of eight Olympics from 1928 to 1964.
Popularly known as The Wizard or The Magician of hockey for his superb ball control, Chand played internationally from 1926 to 1949; he scored 570 goals in 185 matches according to his autobiography, Goal. The Government of India awarded Chand India’s third highest civilian honour of Padma Bhushan in 1956. His birthday, 29 August, is celebrated as National Sports Day in India every year. India’s highest sporting honor, the Khel Ratna Award was renamed after Chand in 2021.
EARLY LIFE
Dhyan Chand was born in Allahabad on 29 August 1905 in a Bais Rajput family. He was the elder brother of another hockey player Roop Singh and the son of Sharadha Singh and Sameshwar Singh. Dhyan Chand’s father was enlisted in the British Indian Army, and he played hockey for the army. Dhyan Chand had two brothers – Mool Singh and Roop Singh. Because of his father’s numerous army transfers, the family had to move to different cities and as such Chand had to terminate his education after only six years of schooling. The family finally settled in Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Chand graduated from Victoria College, Gwalior in 1932. Being in the military, his father got a small piece of land for a house.
Young Chand had no serious inclination towards sports though he loved wrestling. He stated that he did not remember whether he played any hockey worth mentioning before he joined the Army, though he said that he occasionally indulged in casual games in Jhansi with his friends.
FINAL YEARS
Chand continued to hold his emergency commission in the Indian Army post-Independence, with the service number IEC 3526, but was apparently not granted a regular commission. In 1951 he was honoured at India’s National Stadium with the inaugural Dhyan Chand Tournament, which he attended to the admiration of the spectators.
After 34 years of service, Chand retired from the Indian Army on 29 August 1956 as a lieutenant (acting captain). The Government of India honoured him the same year by conferring him the Padma Bhushan, India’s third-highest civilian honour.
After retirement, he taught at coaching camps at Mount Abu, Rajasthan. Later, he accepted the position of Chief Hockey Coach at the National Institute of Sports, Patiala, a post he held for several years. Chand spent his last days in his hometown of Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Chand died on 3 December 1979 from liver cancer at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi. He was cremated at the Jhansi Heroes ground in his hometown, after some initial problems in getting clearance. His regiment, the Punjab Regiment, accorded him full military honours.
LEGACY
Dhyan Chand remains a legendary figure in Indian and world hockey. His skills have been glorified in various apocryphal stories and anecdotes. A number of such these revolve around the fact that Singh had extraordinary control over dribbling the ball. Chand’s birthday, 29 August, is celebrated as National Sports Day in India. The President gives away sport-related awards such as the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna (now called the Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna), Arjuna Award and Dronacharya Award on this day at the Rashtrapati Bhavan, India.
The 20th National Award 2012, the Gem of India, awarded by the Union Minister of India, was given to Dhyan Chand. The award was received by Dhyan Chand’s son, Ashok Dhyan Chand (a hockey Olympian in his own right) on behalf of his deceased father. The award was given by Journalist Association of India under the flagship of Journalists Federation of India, Sirifort Auditorium, New Delhi, India, on 22 September 2012.
India’s highest award for lifetime achievement in sports is the Dhyan Chand Award which has been awarded annually from 2002 to sporting figures who not only contribute through their performance but also contribute to the sport after their retirement. The National Stadium, Delhi was renamed Dhyan Chand National Stadium in 2002 in his honour.
A hostel at Aligarh Muslim University, of which he was an alumnus, has been named after him.
He scored over 400 goals in his career, from 1926 to 1948.
An Astroturf hockey pitch, at the Indian Gymkhana Club in London, has been named after Indian hockey legend Dhyan Chand.
The government of India has issued a commemorative postage stamp and a First Day Cover in honour of Dhyan Chand. He remains the only Indian hockey player to have a stamp in his honour.
Dhyan Chand was among the nominees considered for India’s highest civilian award, Bharat Ratna, for 2014 and there was support for it. The award was then given to Sachin Tendulkar and C. N. R. Rao. The family members of Dhyan Chand were disappointed with government decision. The RTI was filed which suggested that the Prime Minister’s Office had ignored the recommendation from sports ministry on giving the award over Sachin Tendulkar. In 2021, India’s highest sporting honor, the Khel Ratna Award, previously called the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award was renamed after Chand.
Introduction
The
movie “EK RUKA HUA FAISLA” is an Indian Film, year 1986, was directed by Mr.Basu
Chatterjee. The film is a remake of an American movie “12 Angry Men”. The movie
is a closed room drama of a murder trial where one dissenting juror in a murder
trial tries to influence the verdict with his personal prejudices and biases.
Synopsis
Ek Ruka
Hua Faisla starts in a courtroom where a teenage boy from a slum stands trial
for stabbing his father to death. The Judge instructs the Jury to come to a
decision on whether they find the boy guilty of the crime or not. If found
guilty, the boy will be awarded a death sentence. The evidences against the boy
look irrefutable.
The twelve member jury shuts itself in a closed room to
discuss the case. As the jury members get acquainted with each other, it
becomes evident that nearly all of them have already decided that the boy is
guilty and are in a hurry to get over with the formalities quickly and get back
to their routine lives.
It is clear that most of the jurors are biased which
is influencing their sense of judgement. How a small doubt in the mind of one
person slowly begins to create conflict in the mind of the 11 other jurors can
be seen with every round of voting.
Slowly
emotions of the jurors become intense when they begin to relate the case with
some aspects of their personal lives. Their anger increases leading them to
shout at each other and even get violent as shown by Juror #3 who lunges at
Juror #8 yelling, “I will kill you”. Juror #10 exhibits the contempt he in
general has for the slum dwellers and clearly showing in his rage how this bias
is clouding his judgement. It then comes out that Juror #3’s contempt for the
boy has arisen from the poor treatment he has received from his own son. He
finally breaks down and changes his vote to ‘not guilty’.
The
characters in the movie are many layered. Their appearances hide inner
turmoil. Slowly the characters’
strengths, weaknesses, fear, beliefs, prejudices and grudges are revealed. Each
aspect of the case is meticulously thought over, the jurors even act out the
scenes of the crime in an attempt to understand the truth of the case.
The
audience witnesses drastic change in the Characters, the seemingly weak showing
strength of character, while those who appeared to be tough and immovable at
the beginning of the movie crack up, expose their vulnerability. This film is a
very good analysis of human psychology, the power of influencing and the
complexities of the human mind.
Knowing about Organizational behavior through the movie
In
context of Organizational Behavior, the film is a perfect example that depicts
group shift, group think, cohesiveness and social loafing.
Social
loafing, according to Stephen P. Robbins, Timothy A. Judge and Neharika Vohra in their book ” Organizational Behavior 16 e ” , is the tendency for individuals
to put less effort when working collectively than working individually.
For
example: When all jurors were discussing
about the case in depth and detail, there was juror #12 was drawing something
on paper. All the jurors were asked to give their opinions one by one and when
his turn came, he did not know what was going on and whenever voting took place
to determine who is in the favor of accused person being guilty or not, since
he did not pay any attention and did not put in any effort, he changed his vote
according to the majority.
The
second instance of social loafing which we can see is that when juror #7 was
keen on watching movie and he made many attempts to finish the discussion as
soon as possible. Even he changed his vote according to majority.
The third
instance of social loafing that we can see is when the discussion continued between
juror #3 and juror #7 and another juror
were playing tic tac toe.
According to Stephen P. Robbins, Timothy A. Judge and Neharika Vohra in their book ” Organizational Behavior 16 e ” , Groupthink is a process in which the norm for consensus
overrides the realistic appraisal of alternative courses of action.
For
example: From the very beginning of the movie except juror #8 all other jurors
had already made up their minds that the accused is guilty without having any
deliberation. They wanted to get over with the discussion as soon as possible. For
them this was merely a formality. They did not think about the possibilities
that the accused could be innocent.
All of them had a common mindset that the
boy was expert in using knives, there were three witnesses , one old man who
had seen him shouting at his father “I will kill you”, a woman who had seen the
boy stabbing his father to death and his friends who confessed that the knife at
the crime scene was exactly like the knife the boy possessed.
One juror recalled
that when the accused was asked his whereabouts at the time of the murder, the
accused claimed to be watching a movie but was unable to recollect the name to
the movie. All these factors proved that the accused was guilty.
Since
they wanted to end the discussion as soon as possible and all the circumstances
pointed towards the culprit as being the murderer, except juror 8, all had a
consensus which overrode the realistic approach or the alternative approach,
that is there is a possibility that the accused is innocent.
The had already
come to a conclusion based on the facts that were visible to them until juror #8
by carefully discussing each and every aspect and possibility related to the
case became successful in convincing each juror that the accused is innocent
which is lead to “group shift”.
Group
shift means a change between a group’s
decision and an individual decision that a member within the group would make,
the shift can be toward either conservatism or greater risk but it is generally
is toward a more extreme version of the group’s original position.
For
example:
There are
many instances where one can experience group shift during the course of the
movie. When juror #8 was opposed by juror #3 since juror #3 believed that since
the accused had shouted that he would kill his father in itself is proof enough
that he is guilty, juror #8 cleverly provoked juror #3 so much that juror #3
threatened to kill juror #8.
Juror #8 pointed out that the threat was only
words and juror #3 did not actually mean to kill him. Juror #8 pointed out at
the possibility that the since accused was ill treated by his father and was
slapped by him, he would have uttered the words out of anger, but in reality
had no intention of killing his father. This convinced Juror #9 who changed his
vote to ‘not guilty’.
The
second instance which we can site is when juror #8 was trying to convince was
that there is a possibility that the old man did not recognize or hear the so
called voice of the accused properly. According to the old man, he heard the
accused yelling and then as soon as he woke up, he saw the accused running and
all this happened in 15 seconds. Juror #8 tried pointed out that the old man
had an injured leg and was unable to stand in court without help.
Juror #8 had procured a map of the old man’s
house which showed that the distance between the old man’s room and the stairs
was 40 meters. Juror #8 demonstrated that even when the old man would have
walked fast with an injured leg he would have reached the stairs only after 40
seconds.
Therefore, it was quite possible that the old man had heard the
accused and his father fighting some time previously. At the time of the
incident the old man had only heard the victim scream and fall, maybe also the
sounds of the running footsteps and had assumed that it was the accused. With
this juror #5, juror #2, Juror #6 and Juror #11 were convinced and they also changed
their vote to ‘not guilty’.
Supporting
Juror #8, Juror #2 had raised a question, that in the report it was stated the
victim had been stabbed from upward to downward direction. He doubted that the
difference in heights of the victim and accused did not make it feasible for
the accused to do so. Juror #3 was adamant and demonstrated that this was
possible on Juror #8.
5 of the jurors
were convinced. It was juror #5 who informed everyone in the room that the
knife was of a special kind and is used by a special technique that is
downwards to upwards. To prove this he informed that he had been born in this
area and had been stabbed in the similar manner. Seeing his scar, juror #12
voted for not guilty.
The
incident which lead to a complete group shift was when juror #3 demanded a
reason to refute the claim made by the woman witness. The woman had stated that
she had seen the boy stab his father through the windows of the last two
coaches of a local train which passed between her and their window. During the trail the woman had been
continuously rubbing her nose which was attributed to a weak eye sight by Juror
#9 when he saw Juror #4 doing the same
thing.
It was
concluded that the woman’s eyesight was weak and did not wear spectacles out of
vanity. It was without doubt that she would not have seen the boy committing
the crime clearly. Again Juror #4 and
Juror #1 changed their vote to ‘not guilty’. Juror #10 and Juror #7 changed their
vote in conformity to the majority.
Only Juror
#3 was adamant till the end that the boy was guilty of the crime. On being
repeatedly questioned, he broke down and disclosed that his judgement was
colored because he himself faced ill treatment at the hands of his son. The
others reasoned with him that the boy that juror #3 is trying to punish is not
his son and in all likely hood is innocent and therefore has the right to live.
Juror #3 finally agreed to set aside his prejudices and voted ‘not guilty’.
We can see
a classic case of group shift that took place from one person (juror 8) who
voted ‘not guilty’ and the rest voting ‘guilty’ to a shift where all the 12
jurors are convinced that the accused person is not guilty.
Groupthink is a process in which the norm for consensus
overrides the realistic appraisal of alternative courses of action.
For
example: From the very beginning of the movie except juror #8 all other jurors
had already made up their minds that the accused is guilty without having any
deliberation. They wanted to get over with the discussion as soon as possible. For
them this was merely a formality. They did not think about the possibilities
that the accused could be innocent. All of them had a common mindset that the
boy was expert in using knives, there were three witnesses , one old man who
had seen him shouting at his father “I will kill you”, a woman who had seen the
boy stabbing his father to death and his friends who confessed that the knife at
the crime scene was exactly like the knife the boy possessed. One juror recalled
that when the accused was asked his whereabouts at the time of the murder, the
accused claimed to be watching a movie but was unable to recollect the name to
the movie. All these factors proved that the accused was guilty.
Since
they wanted to end the discussion as soon as possible and all the circumstances
pointed towards the culprit as being the murderer, except juror 8, all had a
consensus which overrode the realistic approach or the alternative approach,
that is there is a possibility that the accused is innocent. The had already
come to a conclusion based on the facts that were visible to them until juror #8
by carefully discussing each and every aspect and possibility related to the
case became successful in convincing each juror that the accused is innocent
which is lead to “group shift”.
Group
shift means a change between a group’s
decision and an individual decision that a member within the group would make,
the shift can be toward either conservatism or greater risk but it is generally
is toward a more extreme version of the group’s original position.
For
example:
There are
many instances where one can experience group shift during the course of the
movie. When juror #8 was opposed by juror #3 since juror #3 believed that since
the accused had shouted that he would kill his father in itself is proof enough
that he is guilty, juror #8 cleverly provoked juror #3 so much that juror #3
threatened to kill juror #8. Juror #8 pointed out that the threat was only
words and juror #3 did not actually mean to kill him. Juror #8 pointed out at
the possibility that the since accused was ill treated by his father and was
slapped by him, he would have uttered the words out of anger, but in reality
had no intention of killing his father. This convinced Juror #9 who changed his
vote to ‘not guilty’.
The
second instance which we can site is when juror #8 was trying to convince was
that there is a possibility that the old man did not recognise or hear the so
called voice of the accused properly. According to the old man, he heard the
accused yelling and then as soon as he woke up, he saw the accused running and
all this happened in 15 seconds. Juror #8 tried pointed out that the old man
had an injured leg and was unable to stand in court without help. Juror #8 had procured a map of the old man’s
house which showed that the distance between the old man’s room and the stairs
was 40 meters. Juror #8 demonstrated that even when the old man would have
walked fast with an injured leg he would have reached the stairs only after 40
seconds. Therefore, it was quite possible that the old man had heard the
accused and his father fighting some time previously. At the time of the
incident the old man had only heard the victim scream and fall, maybe also the
sounds of the running footsteps and had assumed that it was the accused. With
this juror #5, juror #2, Juror #6 and Juror #11 were convinced and they also changed
their vote to ‘not guilty’.
Supporting
Juror #8, Juror #2 had raised a question, that in the report it was stated the
victim had been stabbed from upward to downward direction. He doubted that the
difference in heights of the victim and accused did not make it feasible for
the accused to do so. Juror #3 was adamant and demonstrated that this was
possible on Juror #8. 5 of the jurors
were convinced. It was juror #5 who informed everyone in the room that the
knife was of a special kind and is used by a special technique that is
downwards to upwards. To prove this he informed that he had been born in this
area and had been stabbed in the similar manner. Seeing his scar, juror #12
voted for not guilty.
The
incident which lead to a complete group shift was when juror #3 demanded a
reason to refute the claim made by the woman witness. The woman had stated that
she had seen the boy stab his father through the windows of the last two
coaches of a local train which passed between her and their window. During the trail the woman had been
continuously rubbing her nose which was attributed to a weak eye sight by Juror
#9 when he saw Juror #4 doing the same
thing.
It was
concluded that the woman’s eyesight was weak and did not wear spectacles out of
vanity. It was without doubt that she would not have seen the boy committing
the crime clearly. Again Juror #4 and
Juror #1 changed their vote to ‘not guilty’. Juror #10 and Juror #7 changed their
vote in conformity to the majority.
Only Juror
#3 was adamant till the end that the boy was guilty of the crime. On being
repeatedly questioned, he broke down and disclosed that his judgement was
coloured because he himself faced ill treatment at the hands of his son. The
others reasoned with him that the boy that juror #3 is trying to punish is not
his son and in all likely hood is innocent and therefore has the right to live.
Juror #3 finally agreed to set aside his prejudices and voted ‘not guilty’.
We can see
a classic case of group shift that took place from one person (juror 8) who
voted ‘not guilty’ and the rest voting ‘guilty’ to a shift where all the 12
jurors are convinced that the accused person is not guilty.
Most people think of topics like likeability and charisma as a form of manipulation. As if trying to be more likable means that you want to manipulate and (negatively) influence those around you.
The reality is that being more likable means you’re able to better connect with those around you, even if it doesn’t lead to a superficial goal like more income or status.
It’s qualities like sincerity, transparency, and capability of understanding that make someone genuinely likable, not their looks, status, or intelligence.
The good news is that research proves even adults can learn how to be compassionate, empathetic, and as a result, more likable. And if taken seriously, our level of compassion can shape our personal and professional relationships.
That’s partly because our ability to understand other’s feelings helps us better deal with their difficulties, be more helpful, and consequently, more likable.
The difficulty, however, is that quite often, it’s our subtle, unconscious behavior that makes us less likable and empathetic.
Unconsciously repeating the following habits might be the silent killers of your likability. It pays off to be more careful and, whenever possible, avoid them so you can build genuine relationships.
The famous businessman Henry Ford once stated that you can’t build a reputation on what you are going to do.
Yet that’s exactly what most people try. They talk about things but never do them.
They promise their partner to be more understanding and caring but fail to make time for a date night.
They talk about one business idea after the other but never launch a solid product or service.
They talk about losing weight but end up ordering a giant pizza with extra cheese and diet coke.
Talking is easy; doing is hard. But the problem is that constantly listening to someone who’s talking about the next big thing without ever lifting a finger is exhausting too.
Sharing your ideas and ambitions to receive feedback and encouragement is great, but don’t overdo it.
Sometimes, it’s better to keep your enthusiasm to yourself and share the things you actually do.
Sometimes, likeability is about shutting up and listening instead of sharing your own two cents on any given topic.
Most people are afraid of saying I don’t know because they think it’s a weakness.
The reality is that you can’t know everything. And admitting that you’re not the best at everything is a sign of intelligence because it allows you to save your resources.
You can’t be an expert on any topic. And you don’t need to have an opinion on everything.
The recent pandemic was a great example of how people often try to put their opinions over facts and data.
I constantly heard people saying things like I believe the government is making wrong decisions or I don’t think the vaccine is safe.
The truth is that sometimes, your opinion doesn’t matter and it’s better to save your time, energy, and effort for things you can actually influence.
Certain discussions require opinions. Others require competence, expertise, facts, and data.
You can’t be great at everything, so don’t try to pretend it. Allow experts to shine on stage if it’s their turn and focus on the things you’re actually good at.
Most people enjoy listening to a true success story, but we all hate bragging.
Yet many people don’t understand the difference between being proud of yourself and being annoying.
And the reality is that most people don’t care much about you; they care about themselves.
So in most of your conversations, you’ll be better off if you ask your conversation partner about their wins and struggles instead of showcasing all your medals.
Sure, a conversation should always be two-sided and of course, you can share your experiences, including your success stories.
Yet, the most pleasant conversations happen when our conversation partner is relatable instead of out of touch.
If you want to be more relatable, ask more questions, be humble about your achievements, and let people feel that you genuinely care about them.
Don’t turn every conversation into a presentation about yourself but focus on the two-sided relationship and the value you can provide for your conversation partner.
“You can make more friends in two months by becoming interested in other people than you can in two years by trying to get other people interested in you.”
— Dale Carnegie
We like people we can trust. Being punctual is one of the simplest yet most underrated ways to build that trust.
If someone can’t even make it on time to a meeting, how can I trust that they’ll manage to keep other, more essential promises?
Our time is one of our most precious resources and being late indicates that you don’t value the time of your fellows.
Unexpected situations can happen to all of us, but whenever you have the choice, you’ll be better off when you’re 15 minutes early instead of 5 minutes late.
Most of us are tired of small talk and superficial conversations around the weather or the pandemic. We want depth.
We want deep, genuine, and exciting conversations that feel enriching.
And we want trustworthy relationships — in our business and private lives.
Skimming the surface and talking about the same old things won’t make you interesting but rather boring.
What you should do instead is asking engaging questions, building eye contact, and showing your conversation partner that you’re genuinely interested in them.
As Heidi Grant Halvorson shares in her book No One Understands You And What To Do About It:
“People need to feel that they have been heard, even when you can’t give them what they are asking for or can’t be of particular help.”
Paying attention, e.g., through eye contact, is the most effective way to build that trust and a deeper relationship.
Trying to be more likable is not about faking your personality but about minimizing the silent killers so you can better connect with those around you and build genuinely valuable relationships.
Our entire lives are based on humane connections, so it pays off to be a better, more caring conversation partner, parent, colleague, or friend.
“By far this is my biggest achievement. Has to be on top of the pile”, said an exuberant Virat Kohli at the press conference held shortly after the historic Border-Gavaskar Trophy victory in 2019. The victory was on the back of quite dispiriting, yet justifiable series losses against South Africa and England away from home. The defeats weren’t like the usual ones of 2011 wherein there was no sense of grit or valour on display, sparing the few displays by the cricketing thespian named Rahul Dravid in England or the fiery and young Virat in Adelaide, but these losses were subject to those decisive sessions ond days where there was everything to be played for, only for them to turn the tide against our way.
Come 2021, a whole new amalgammation of protocol and the sport which we truly. A completely repackaged team, with some senior stalwarts, along with consistent performers in either the domestic circuit or the team’s low-key Mjolnir, called India-A, headed by an relative unknown yet sharp figure, Shitanshu Kotak. The word which has been going around with this team’s plethora of players (which has becoming quite irksome offlately), is ‘bench-strength’, courtesy of which the team was able to launch a massive offensive against Australia, inspite of losing key-figures in the series held earlier this year. But does it truly solve most of the problems that persist in the squad at this point of time, probably not.
In the World Test Championship Finals, it was clearly visible to the naked eye that there were things clearly not in place unfortunately, from the likes of Pujara and Rahane giving away their wickets, especially to delivery directed to the places where there are flaws in their armoury, this added to the pressure to the batsmen, which was a diminuendo in the batting. Cheteshwar Pujara, an usually reliable and a force in the team hasn’t made, if I may quote Mr.Gavaskar, the ‘daddy hundreds’ since the past 30 innings which seems to be a worrying sign for the man who has saved the nation at times from the blemishes. Since the start of the year, Pujara has scored just 364 runs across 12 innings @ 30.33 , with a best of 77 against Australia at the SCG. Strike rates and Pujara do not go hand-in-hand but it does leave the one at the other end will the responsibility of rotating strike, leading to false shots and some times, loss of a wicket at, for instance, at the cusp of lunch or at the stroke of tea.
At the time of writing, Mayank Agarwal has officially been ruled out of the 1st test against England due to concussion, this means that India are in search of an second opener, who shall play alongside Rohit Sharma. KL Rahul, who had, with all due respect, awful series against England and Australia in 2018 will likely open tomorrow. Personally, every fan would hope of a Virat-esque comeback from the Karnataka batsmen and looking at his form in the practice matches, one shouldn’t be surprised of a comeback if it happens.
Ajinkya Rahane, once our standout batsmen in the SENA countries, has gotten time and time again when the team has expected him to stay put, especially in a dire situation against the mighty Kiwis. Sparring the tempo setting hundred in Melbourne, which in a couple of years will become a heroic folklore, there isn’t much to make a case for the vice-captain. It would be a make-or-break series for the Mumbai batsmen, as all eyes would be on him to put up some runs on board.
The piece on Indian bowlers and the allrounders comes up soon, happy reading till then…..
It still feels like it was yesterday that SpaceX announced its plans for building reusable rockets. They were mocked at, but continued to move towards their goal of making space travel a commercial venture. It was during the December of 2015, that the world witnessed the first successful recovery of the first stage of an orbital launch rocket. The Falcon 9 rockets (named after the Millennium Falcon from Star Wars) have created a new milestone in space exploration by achieving this feat. In March 2017, the first re-flight of a landed first stage took place and since then SpaceX has sent multiple rockets which used the recovered first stage systems.
(Launch of a Falcon 9 rocket)
Another extraordinary feat in this field was achieved through the launch of the Falcon Heavy rocket. In February 2018, SpaceX launched a Tesla roadster with a dummy dubbed ‘Starman’ in the driver’s seat aboard the rocket and successfully deployed it into orbit. This also acted as proof of concept that the reusable launching system could be modified to carry heavy and arguably, even super-heavy payloads into orbit.
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(The Tesla Roadster orbiting earth)
The next step towards such systems will be the Starship rocket which is being designed such that both the stages will be reusable. This would truly be extraordinary as the second stage contains many hardware components of the rocket. If it turns out as it should, these rockets will be capable of delivering resources to Mars.
Now, let us look into the important question. Why are reusable rockets considered so important? As everyone might know, a typical rocket costs around a few hundred million to build and launch. But having reusable rockets, it becomes possible to lower the cost per run. With the starship system, it has been estimated that the cost could be brought down to a few million dollars. All such reductions make it possible to bring space exploration closer to the general public.
As the original plan of SpaceX was to send humans to mars, such advancements in technology, bring that dream closer to reality. These marvelous feats of physics and engineering being pioneered at SpaceX truly have changed the way we look at space travel. As the reliability of the Falcon 9s has been proven time and again, we can be sure that these starship rockets will also turn out to achieve their goals in the near future. It has also been estimated that with a bit of service, most of these reusable stages can perform well over 100 flights in their lifetime.
(A Starship Rocket)
As we edge closer and closer to space travel becoming a common activity, we truly have to appreciate the long way that we have come from initial rockets which couldn’t even break through the atmosphere to now when we can aim towards travelling to new planets. All of this just goes to show that if time and science are used to the fullest, humans can achieve various tasks which were once just dreams.
Gene editing , also sometimes known as genome editing, is a method of altering or ‘editing’ the DNA of an organism through the help of technology. Through this, genetic material can be inserted, removed, or changed in composition to make changes in the genome. There have been various different ways scientists and researchers have tried this. One of the most recent technologies to be developed in the CRISPR-Cas9. The word CRISPR stands for ‘Clustered Regularly Interspaced short palindrome repeats’ which are a type of bacterial defence system that makes CRISPR technology possible. CRISPRs were initially discovered in archaea and later in bacteria, and were assumed to be defending bacteria from viral attacks. CRISPR consists of repeated sequences of genetic code that are interrupted by remains of genetic codes of prior invaders, called ‘spacer’ sequences.
The basic operation of CRISPR is simple: It locates a certain specific length of DNA inside a cell and then either alters it.
A CRISPR ‘spacer’ sequence is said to be transcribed into short sequences of RNA. These RNA help guide the system to matching sequences of DNA. After locating the DNA, an enzyme produced by CRISPR known as ‘Cas9’ attaches itself to The strand of DNA and cuts it. This effectively shuts down the desired gene.
CRISPR as an adaptive Immune system was discovered in the year 1987 after which three types of CRISPR technological systems were developed, namely – Cas3 (type I system), Cas9 (type II system) and Cas10 (type III system). The development of these systems is said to have begun around 2002, and was unveiled in 2012. Prior to this, the method of editing plant or animal genomes costed hundreds of thousands of dollars. CRISPR made it possible to carry out this process for much cheaper.
CRISPR is used abundantly in scientific research. There is a very real possibility that we may have plants or animals that have had gene alteration done by CRISPR in the near future.CRISPR also potentially possesses the ability to help create medicines that may prevent many diseases.
The ‘Cas’ protein found in bacteria to be the defenders against viruses. ‘Cas9’ is one of these proteins that have been researched and widely used by scientists. This protein is said to be easily programmed to locate and bind to nearly any required sequence. The CRISPR Cas9 protein, when introduced into a cell, allows the protein to attach to the guide RNA and travel throughout the length of the DNA until it locates and attaches itself to that part of the DNA.
In its initial stages, CRISPR Cas9 was first tried out in 2008 to improve the immunity of bacteria against viruses. This experiment helped food manufacturers to produce cheese and yoghurt. Further on, this system was used by Scientists to try and alter genes of animals such as mice, rats, pigs and zebrafish. Scientists even reported successful use of this technology on mice to eliminate muscular dystrophy and cure a rare liver disease. There is ongoing research and investigation to genetically modify insects so that insect-borne diseases such as malaria and lyme disease can be stopped. Similarly, it opens up the possibility of creating cures for high cholesterol, HIV, Huntington’s disease and more.
Although there are numerous advantages, applications and possible benefits of the CRISPR technologies, there are some issues that come up as well. For example, there has been an attempt to use this technology to alter human embryos, which has caused a debate about how ‘ethical’ this highly advanced method of gene modification is. Moreover, comes the question of how safe this technology is. Although by far the most advance, CRISPR is still in its very early stages. It is believed by scientists that altering one part of the genome may sometimes automatically trigger a change in a different part. Such an issue has to be tackled before even thinking of applications toward human cells.
The areas of applications are truly limitless when it comes to genome editing thanks to CRISPR. It has single handedly made research areas that were previously nearly impossible to explore very easy and cheap to explore. But will it always lead to progress in medical sciences or will it create trouble? Only time can tell.
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