Karst is a type of landscape where the dissolving of the bedrock has created sinkholes, sinking streams, caves, springs, and other characteristic features. Karst is associated with soluble rock types such as limestone, marble, and gypsum. In general, a typical karst landscape forms when much of the water falling on the surface interacts with and enters the subsurface through cracks, fractures, and holes that have been dissolved into the bedrock. After traveling underground, sometimes for long distances, this water is then discharged from springs, many of which are cave entrances.
Chemical Reaction:-
Limestone is a type of carbonate rock — that is, a rock made up primarily of a carbonate mineral which, in the case of limestone, is usually calcite or aragonite. These are both forms of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Over time, limestone may be dissolved by carbonic acid (i.e., carbon dioxide dissolved in water). Carbonic acid is formed when rain picks up CO2 as it falls through the atmosphere. Once it hits the ground, it may pick up more CO2 in the soil, turning into a weak carbonic acid solution. When this solution seeps into limestone bedrock via cracks and fissures, larger openings are created. Over the course of thousands of years, this erosive process creates underground drainage systems and caves.
Mammoth Cave,USA is the longest Cave system in the world.
Xiaozhai Tiankeng,China Largest Sinkhole.
Other examples,Yutacan peninsula,Mexico
Cockpit Country,Jamaica etc.
In India karst topography is present in the Vindhya region (mainly southwestern Bihar), the Himalayas (parts of Jammu & Kashmir, Robert Cave, Sahasradhara, the eastern Himalayas, areas near Dehradun), Pachmarhi in Madhya Pradesh, the surrounding coast near Vishakhapatnam, and Bastar in Chhattisgarh.
We must have thought once in our lifetime about starting our own business, we may also have hundreds of amazing company ideas and have gained a lot of knowledge in the process. However, if you have no prior expertise or skills in this industry, launching a new firm is difficult.
What things you should consider before starting your own business?
Doing business entails numerous components such as customer service, public image, loyalty, and brand value, among others. As a result, anyone considering starting a new firm should think about all of this before getting started. As a result, before launching a small business in India, an entrepreneur should examine the following things.
The majority of people dream of starting a business, but few of them ever take the first crucial step. As a result, anyone who is contemplating or has an idea for a business should take the first step toward putting it into action. Simple steps could include things like starting to save, creating a business plan, and collaborating with various stakeholders.
Make a Plan for your Business
All the steps that you have to take to start a new business, the business plan contains all of the information needed to put the business idea into action, such as the type of business, nature of the business, and the type of business entity required, such as a sole proprietorship, joint-stock company, or partnership firm. A business strategy can also assist you in proper implementation while also coping with the changing environment.
A firm can only be sustained by the entrepreneur’s or businessmen’s original investment. It is critical to define the sort of source, such as retained earnings, loans, or outside investment, ahead of time. Furthermore, the source of funds must be determined ahead of time. It is strongly advised that the entrepreneur invest his or her own money as a first investment, as this will ensure that he receives the most reward for all of his hard work later on when the business succeeds.
Maintain positive relationships with people in your line of work
Every second of doing business is like learning something new. It is critical that you make contact with at least a few people who work in the same field as you. It will keep you up to date on the newest advancements, new government rules, and how to solve company challenges, among other things. It is also advised that you should have healthy and fair competition rather than taking unfair advantage of company opportunities.
Get a Domain & Build a Website
Those were the days when direct contact and direct marketing were critical to corporate success. In the traditional way of doing company, which is highly expensive, a substantial investment is necessary. From now on, we should start by establishing an online presence through the creation of a website, SEO, and internet marketing, among other things. A company can now sell its items thousands of miles distant via the internet. This form of business requires minimal infrastructure, making it a viable choice for small firms with limited capital.
Create a Social Media Presence
Apart from having an online presence, having a social media presence on numerous platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and others is also essential. Although an online presence is used to sell items or services, a social media presence will aid in the development of a brand image, customer relations, and the expansion of client reach.
People will not go straight to your web sites, but having a social media presence will assist you in transferring followers from social media to your business model.
Set your Goals
Setting goals is critical when running a business. I’m not talking about long-term objectives here, but rather short-term objectives. Setting weekly and monthly goals is critical for achieving long-term goals when beginning a business since it helps to maintain our motivation and confidence at regular intervals. Setting a benchmark for this week’s sale, determining the number of complaints to be resolved this month, or raising client numbers to a certain level are all examples of short-term goals.
Continue to try new things
Every entrepreneur should be willing to test new things and study how the market or the customer reacts to them before making changes. Because the market is incredibly dynamic and trends change frequently, an entrepreneur should never assume that his or her business is performing well.
Earthquake, any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves through Earths’s rocks. Seismic waves are produce when some form of energy stored in Earth’s crust is suddenly released, usually when masses of rock straining against one another suddenly fracture and “slip.” Earthquakes occur most often along geologic faults, narrow zones where rock masses move in relation to one another
A tectonic earthquake is one that occurs when the earth’s crust breaks due to geological forces on rocks and adjoining plates that cause physical and chemical changes.
A volcanic earthquake is any earthquake that results from tectonic forces which occur in conjunction with volcanic activity.
A collapse earthquake are small earthquakes in underground caverns and mines that are caused by seismic waves produced from the explosion of rock on the surface.
An explosion earthquake is an earthquake that is the result of the detonation of a nuclear and/or chemical device.
Seismic waves is of three types-primary waves,secondary waves and surface wave.
Of the body waves, the primary waves has the higher speed of propagation and so reaches a seismic recording station faster than the secondary, or S, wave. P waves, also called compressional or longitudinal waves, give the transmitting medium whether liquid, solid, or gas a back-and-forth motion in the direction of the path of propagation, thus stretching or compressing the medium as the wave passes any one point in a manner similar to that of sound waves in air.
P waves can travel in all three medius.S waves can only travel in solid medium.
Two common surface waves are Love waves (L wave) and Rayleigh waves (R wave). The L-waves are the slowest among the earthquake waves and are recorded last on the seismograph. Of the four seismic waves, most of the shaking and damage from an earthquake is due to the Rayleigh wave (R-wave).
Earthquakes can occur due to human activity or natural reason like volcano,tsunami etc.
It is one of the inevitable topics of the millennial generation and that is, “Mental Illness”. It has become one of the terminal topics of all yet it’s high time to focus on our young minds!
So the question here is, why every fourth out of seven has a mental illness? Is it due to a new way of living life? Or is it the society? Well, we can’t blame society for every cause, right? Instead of living in a society, it is us who should be blamed. Yes, the destruction is due to unawareness which we didn’t appreciate.
These young minds are an asset to our bright future, but what they are suffering from is the worst disease of all. Medically, there is a cure to all sorts of diseases but the question is, where is the essence of this disease? Why is this happening in excess amount to our young buds? Here are some of the elements which can be the reasons for the illness present in our young minds :
Giving more priority to the unrealistic world of social media: Teenagers are the most popular groups of all ages who dedicate most of their time to social media and thus, for them, it’s ‘The second home’. They dwell so much in these media platforms that the unrealistic world makes them feel like it is reality.
Specially they tend to create fake personalities in front of their friends and colleagues and when they are avoided or not popular then they think of themselves as ‘worthless’.
It is highly observed that teenagers are dwelling so much into the ocean of social media life that; they start to judge themselves based on; number of likes they got, followers, and people’s comments. This makes them feel depressed and their minds start to break down in this fake world.
Many times, these youngsters are targeted and bullied on social media through certain comments and unknown threats that they don’t even communicate with their parents to provide no harm to their parents.
Fractured child-parent relationship: Contemporary parenting can be one of the elements which lead to their child to depression. Since parents are working 24/7, they don’t give much emphasis on their children and often there is a barrier of communication between the parent and child. Due to the unavailability of the parent’s presence, the child feels more ignorance and often lives in his/her thoughts which leads them to have a mental illness.
We can also see that; these ignorant kids are often lured to follow the wrong path which leads them to devastation as a result.
Academic pressures and Moral dilemmas: Kids these days are often pressurised by their parents to score high marks, study in a decent university, and earn pounds which will raise their status in society.
Often, due to this academic pressure children don’t feel themselves and rather they are distracted and even take difficult steps at a tender age. As we can see those suicides are due to academic pressures is in high rates which are also one of the common factors on the mental health in millennials.
Pandemic – A Misery to the Millennial generation: This is one of the latest reasons why kids these days feel depressed about the new normal. The social interactions which made them feel positive are gone in the realms of social distancing and quarantine.
Attending online classes is one of the tiring jobs also several factors for them not being productive and lack in the concentration of academia. This leads to a very high amount of stress as we are humans and when we are clutched or burdened in result we act opposite to it, so the impact of online classes makes them vulnerable when they are facing so many pressures at the same time.
Addiction leads to depression among youngsters: It is very unfortunate but a fact that the present generation youngsters face different types of addiction in different platforms and therefore they tag themselves as ‘FREAKS’; notably, these addictions vary from one kid to another, some are addictive to social media, some with games, some mislead their minds to pornography world and some are highly addictive towards drugs and sedatives, etc.
There are endless reasons why kids are being addictive but one of the central reasons is due to the exposure to technology at a very tender age. Often, they are misled by their friends and colleagues and due to fewer interactions with elders, they indulge themselves in these forms of bad impact on themselves.
The cure to the sickness among youngsters:
Every disease has a cure at its end and to find this cure is that we should look into the core or the root of the disease. As rightly said, love and acceptance is a human need. The kids these days need parent’s support and guidance and a sense of belongingness so that they wouldn’t feel they are alone.
To bring them to their right place it is the elders who can try some old traditions to introduce among the young minds and let them know about the authenticity of their predecessors. As being together, loving each other and living in harmony can make youngsters feel accepted and so the cause of this disease can soon end.
Youngsters on the other side can also sense their responsibility by being positive and having a good relationship with their family and creating kindness more instead of hatred.
I was moved to tears by the thought that from being nobody the night before, I had become somebody.
– Milkha Singh
The beginning
He was an athlete , an army officer and a proud citizen . He won for his motherland and inspired many . Yes , he was an inspiration and served for his nation .
He was born in November 20,1929 in Govindpura , Punjab ( present – Punjab , Pakistan ) . He was one of his 15 siblings from whom 8 died during the partition . In early age , he moved to Delhi , India in 1947 .
He wasn’t interested in army or becoming one but wanted to prove himself and others that he can be the one . It was his forth attempt when he gained access and introduced to the athletic later .
He once said that “I came from a remote village, I didn’t know what running was, or the Olympics”. And that’s where he started his journey as an athlete .
Medal awards and Popularity
With many Olympic , National and International awards . Rather than his award Milkha Singh was quite popular in media . His powerful aura worked from sports men to the Ministry .
Later in his life he married Nirmal saini , a former captain of Indian women volleyball team and had three daughters and a son .
He became Director of sports in Punjab Ministry of Education and was awarded with Padmashri in 1959. He also turned down Arjuna award in 2001 by saying that it was to be awarded to younger atheletes rather than him.
An inspiration
As an athlete , he inspired young aspirants who want to become from Nothing to Something . He shared his ideas that before his first game he was just a runner but after he earn first postion he became Something from Nothing .
” I was moved to tears by the thought that from being nobody the night before, I had become somebody. “
-Milkha singh
He also co- wrote his biography with his daughter “THE RACE OF MY LIFE ” in 2013 . Which inspired “Bhaag Milkha Bhaag ” an autobiography film in 2013 . A trust had been founded for the poor and needy sports people in 2013 due to the recognition of film .
A day of loss
On June 18th ,2021 , we lost one of the legendary Indian icon , an ace of athlete due to the post covid – complication . “We are deeply indebted to the doctors at PGI for their valiant efforts and the love and prayers we received from across the world and from yourselves,” – statment given by his family .
PM Narendra Modi pay a tribute to MILKHA SINGH in his monthly radio program ‘Maan ki baat’ . He urged India to cheer and motivate for forthcoming Tokyo Olympics .
He said “When talking about the Olympics, how can we not remember Milkha Singh Ji. When he get hospitalized, I got a chance to speak to him, I had requested him to motivate the athletes going for Tokyo Olympics”
We lost one gem of our India but we didn’t lost his contribution to his motherland . He has given a lot and it’s our time to remember what gave to us .
The Books are of knowledge oceans, from every book we learn some thing new and to improve our knowledge and build our personality
BOOK Defination
we all know that a lot of English words come from ancient Latin – that’s because the Romans occupied England for almost five hundred years from 54BC to 410 AD. … The word book comes from Old English “boc” which in its turn comes from a Germanic root “*bok-“, which means “beech” – as in the beech tree
Types of Book Reviews
Endorsements: Hand-picking Relevant Reviewers Before Your Book is Published. …
Trade Reviews: Publishing Professionals May Advocate Your Book To The Industry. …
Reader Reviews: Individuals Recommending Your Book To Each Other. …
Editorial Reviews: Third Parties Publishing Reviews About Your Book.
Why write book reviews
Book reviews give books greater visibility and a greater chance of getting found by more readers. On some websites, books that have more book reviews are more likely to be shown to prospective readers and buyers as compared to books with few or no book reviews.
How to write a book review
Start with a couple of sentences describing what the book is about. …
Discuss what you particularly liked about the book. …
Mention anything you disliked about the book. …
Round up your review. …
You can give the book a rating, for example a mark out of five or ten, if you like!
In this days most of people like to read blogs because they have simple and clear to understand content
Some of people read books by help of Book review, its give simple summary to understand that book
(1) The Reserve Bank may appoint one or more of its officers in the rank of Chief General Manager or General Manager to be known as Banking Ombudsmen to carry out the functions entrusted to them by or under the Scheme.
(2) The appointment of Banking Ombudsman under the above Clause may be made for a period not exceeding three years at a time.
5. LOCATION OF OFFICE AND TEMPORARY HEADQUARTERS
(1) The office of the Banking Ombudsman shall be located at such places as may be specified by the Reserve Bank.
(2) In order to expedite disposal of complaints, the Banking Ombudsman may hold sittings at such places within his area of jurisdiction as may be considered necessary and proper by him in respect of a complaint or reference before him.
POWERS AND JURISDICTION
(1) The Reserve Bank shall specify the territorial limits to which the authority of each Banking Ombudsman appointed under Clause 4 of the Scheme shall extend.
1(2) The Banking Ombudsman shall receive and consider complaints relating to the deficiencies in banking or other services filed on the grounds mentioned in clause 8 irrespective of the pecuniary value of the deficiency in service complained and facilitate their satisfaction or settlement by agreement or through conciliation and mediation between the bank concerned and the aggrieved parties or by passing an Award as per the provisions of the Scheme.
(3) The Banking Ombudsman shall exercise general powers of superintendence and control over his Office and shall be responsible for the conduct of business thereat.
(4) The Office of the Banking Ombudsman shall draw up an annual budget for itself in consultation with Reserve Bank and shall exercise the powers of expenditure within the approved budget on the lines of Reserve Bank of India Expenditure Rules, 2005.
(5) The Banking Ombudsman shall send to the Governor, Reserve Bank, a report, as on 30th June every year, containing a general review of the activities of
his Office during the preceding financial year and shall furnish such other information as the Reserve Bank may direct and the Reserve Bank may, if it considers necessary in the public interest so to do, publish the report and the information received from the Banking Ombudsman in such consolidated form or otherwise as it deems fit.
PROCEDURE FOR REDRESSAL OF GRIEVANCE
GROUNDSOFCOMPLAINT
(1) Any person may file a complaint with the Banking Ombudsman having jurisdiction on any one of the following grounds alleging deficiency in banking including internet banking or other services.
(a). non-payment or inordinate delay in the payment or collection of cheques, drafts, bills etc.;
(b). non-acceptance, without sufficient cause, of small denomination notes tendered for any purpose, and for charging of commission in respect thereof;
(c). non-acceptance, without sufficient cause, of coins tendered and for charging of commission in respect thereof;
(d). non-payment or delay in payment of inward remittances;
(e). failure to issue or delay in issue of drafts, pay orders or bankers’ cheques
(f). non-adherence to prescribed working hours;
(g). failure to provide or delay in providing a banking facility (other than loans
and advances) promised in writing by a bank or its direct selling agents;
(h). delays, non-credit of proceeds to parties’ accounts, non-payment of deposit or non-observance of the Reserve Bank directives, if any, applicable to rate of interest on deposits in any savings, current or other account maintained
with a bank;
(i). complaints from Non-Resident Indians having accounts in India in relation to
their remittances from abroad, deposits and other bank- related matters;
(j). refusal to open deposit accounts without any valid reason for refusal;
(k). levying of charges without adequate prior notice to the customer;
(l). non-adherence to the instructions of Reserve Bank on ATM /Debit Card and Prepaid Card operations in India by the bank or its subsidiaries on any of the following:
i. Account debited but cash not dispensed by ATMs
ii. Account debited more than once for one withdrawal in ATMs or
for POS transaction
iii. Less/Excess amount of cash dispensed by ATMs
iv. Debit in account without use of the card or details of the card
v. Use of stolen/cloned cards
vi. Others
(m). non-adherence by the bank or its subsidiaries to the instructions of Reserve Bank on credit card operations on any of the following:
i. Unsolicited calls for Add-on Cards, insurance for cards etc.
ii. Charging of Annual Fees on Cards issued free for life
iii. Wrong Billing/Wrong Debits
iv. Threatening calls/ inappropriate approach of recovery by
recovery agents including non-observance of Reserve Bank
guidelines on engagement of recovery agents
v. Wrong reporting of credit information to Credit Information
Bureau
vi. Delay or failure to review and correct the credit status on
account of wrongly reported credit information to Credit
Information Bureau.
vii. Others
(n). non-adherence to the instructions of Reserve Bank with regard to Mobile Banking / Electronic Banking service in India by the bank on any of the following:
i. delay or failure to effect online payment / Fund Transfer,
ii. unauthorized electronic payment / Fund Transfer,
(o). non-disbursement or delay in disbursement of pension (to the extent the grievance can be attributed to the action on the part of the bank concerned, but not with regard to its employees);
(p). refusal to accept or delay in accepting payment towards taxes, as required by Reserve Bank/Government;
(q). refusal to issue or delay in issuing, or failure to service or delay in servicing
or redemption of Government securities;
(r). forced closure of deposit accounts without due notice or without sufficient reason;
(s). refusal to close or delay in closing the accounts;
(t). non-adherence to the fair practices code as adopted by the bank;
(u). non-adherence to the provisions of the Code of Bank’s Commitments to Customers issued by Banking Codes and Standards Board of India and as adopted by the bank ;
(v). non-observance of Reserve Bank guidelines on engagement of recovery agents by banks;
(w). non-adherence to Reserve Bank guidelines on para-banking activities like sale of insurance /mutual fund /other third party investment products by banks with regard to following:
i. improper, unsuitable sale of third party financial products
ii. non-transparency /lack of adequate transparency in sale
iii. non-disclosure of grievance redressal mechanism available
iv. delay or refusal to facilitate after sales service by banks
(x). any other matter relating to the violation of the directives issued by the
Reserve Bank in relation to banking or other services.
(2) A complaint on any one of the following grounds alleging deficiency in banking service in respect of loans and advances may be filed with the Banking Ombudsman having jurisdiction:
(a) non-observance of Reserve Bank Directives on interest rates;
(b) delays in sanction, disbursement or non-observance of prescribed time schedule for disposal of loan applications;
(c) non-acceptance of application for loans without furnishing valid reasons to the applicant; and
(d) non-adherence to the provisions of the fair practices code for lenders as adopted by the bank or Code of Bank’s Commitment to Customers, as the case may be;
(e) non-observance of Reserve Bank guidelines on engagement of recovery agents by banks; and
(f) non-observance of any other direction or instruction of the Reserve Bank as may be specified by the Reserve Bank for this purpose from time to time.
(3) The Banking Ombudsman may also deal with such other matter as may be specified by the Reserve Bank from time to time in this behalf.
Not many industries have suffered the fate of disarray as the chip industry after the advent of the Covid pandemic. Things were not great for chipmakers in 2020 due to the pandemic but instead of seeing any signs of improvement, 2021 has been even worse for the industry so far. There has been a deficit of chip supply as compared to the demand and it’s not just the electronic industry that is going through a rough phase but it’s many other industries as well. Unlike a couple of decades back when chips were mainly present in personal computers and specialized electronic appliances and gadgets. Now chips power the world. One of the worst-hit industries has been the automobile sector. When the first wave of Covid-19 hit the world, global sales of cars had dwindled, and to compensate for this, car manufacturers had lowered their chip orders from the manufacturers. These chips are a requirement for assembling the critical electronics and computers that are inside modern cars. 2021 saw a sudden increase in automobile sales and this caused the disruption in equilibrium of chip supply and many automobile manufacturers started giving large orders and chip fabrication plants like TSMC were unable to cope up with the sudden growth in demand. This parallel demand for chips has increased the backlog and even though the chip manufacturers are operating over time, they have not been able to keep up with the demand. Now even home appliances might face issues with their chip supply.
There is one more important aspect that we have to address and it’s the increased demand for electronics items after the pandemic. As many people were and are still stuck in homes, they are buying computers, consoles, televisions, and various other electronic components. Many companies have not been able t keep up with the demand due to this. Graphics card is one of those elusive items that have suffered a double whammy. Both potential gamers and crypto miners want their hands on the newest graphics card but due to a shortage of chips card manufacturers are not able to keep up with the demand. There have been many cases where individuals and groups are scalping (buying in bulk) these new cards and reselling them at much higher prices.
Basic appliances and car components often use chips manufactured with older technology. For instance, PC and smartphones are using 7nm manufacturing whereas cars manufacturers uses older 32 nm or 14 nm technology because they are comparatively cheaper to manufacture. But due to the shortage in supply, manufacturers are prioritizing their newer chips and it’s getting challenging to allocate resources for older manufacturing processes. Due to this many car manufacturers have scaled-down on the extra amenities in their models.
TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor manufacturing company) is one of the biggest chip manufacturers in the world. The company produces 60 percent of the world’s chips for automobiles and 92 percent of cutting-edge chips. Recently Taiwan is experiencing its worst drought in over 50 years. A high quantity of water is required to clean the wafers during the manufacturing of the chips. Droughts have only increased the problems in the manufacturing of these chips. There is immense pressure when most of the world’s chips are made in one single building. This also exposes the problem of relying on a single source of manufacturing. Due to globalization and completion, most of the world’s manufacturing shifted to Asia. The issue of chip shortage will most probably remain next year as well. Intel (U.S) is has started to set up two new manufacturing plants in Arizona. This comes at a time when many have realized that a concentrated source of manufacturing is not the most reliable thing and diversification is the only way to deter any future shortages.
India’s smallest Union Territory, Lakshadweep is an archipelago consisting of 36 islands with an area of 32 sq km. It is directly under the control of the Centre through an administrator.
The Capital is Kavaratti and it is also the principal town of the UT. Pitti island, which is uninhabited, has a bird sanctuary.
ITS SOCIETY-
The society in all islands is matriarchal. The religion is Islam of the pristine Shafi school of law. When Islam came to the islands is debated. Fishery is the main occupation here. It is ruled by a lieutenant governor, Praful Khoda Patel.
THE ISSUE- GOONDA ACT:
The people of Lakshadweep have also opposed the administrator of trying to interfere in the traditional life by introducing a ban on buying or selling beef products, The Goonda Act being introduced in the island that has negligible crime rate and revoking of restrictions on alcohol for benefit of tourism also have attracted criticism from the islanders, Other initiatives by the administrator include panchayat rules designed to restrict the population growth in a territory where, according to the National Health and Family Survey-5 (2019-20), the total fertility rate is 1.4 (which is far behind the national average of 2.2) and relaxing prohibition, extant in the Union Territory because of public demand, Deliberations of the IDA wanted that Lakshadweep, with its land ownership constitutionally protected, be opened to international tourism not as a means of generating wealth for investors from the mainland but to bring prosperity to the islanders.
THE DECISION-
A clear policy must include conservation and natural resource management arrived at after wide consultation, eminently possible within the existing infrastructure of the Union Territory, and also taking into account climatic compulsions.
Maldives is hardly a suitable model. Water bungalows — an expensive concept and also hazardous to the coral favored by the NITI Aayog, would collapse in Lakshadweep’s monsoon.
The Government should recognize the need to develop policies for enhancing employment opportunities, environment-friendly management of fisheries, sanitation, waste disposal and widening access to drinking water, with the youth, having acquired a modern education, preferring salaried jobs over pursuing traditional occupations.
Is giving girls the right to education enough to define women’s empowerment? Or giving reserved seats in parliament sufficient to help them raise their voice for the country?
Women empowerment is defined as a process of enabling every woman in the country to live a quality standard of life by improving the conditions for education, awareness, literacy, and training. But this definition lacks the real-world problem that we as girls face every day like, going alone outside at night and wearing short dresses is still considered unethical for girls. It is believed in some parts of the country that doing the job is the second essential thing for women to hold positions and learn cooking and household errands still stand first. Even after reaching on top positions of the world, it is considered a duty of women to take care of their household and family more than the men of the family. So the empowerment we talk about is just partial and it will require a great deal to change the mindset of more than half the population to the country.
Economically independence is one thing, which many girls fight to attain, marriage is still considered the best alternative after a woman fails in perfectly setting up her career. We see many male candidates raising their voice for feminism but the real question is whether they know what real feminism stands for or it just became a trend to follow?
Barriers in this process are explained by a condition where women are put in a position where they need to make the decision of whether to maintain in the workforce or have children, which has led to the debate over maternity leave in many other countries in the world. A desk job is preferred over a physical one arguing that women lack the physical structure to do heavy tasks. Even today girls dreaming of a technical career like engineering are made to think twice. Being a pilot for going in a field that is male dominant is the most difficult and challenging job for women. Everyone says that girls should dream big but that big requires big sacrifices in terms of almost everything.
Way ahead-
women empowerment indeed is an ongoing process and sometimes it lacks its significance but it is also true that it had made the political position of women much better than in ancient times not only it had helped women to attain knowledge of their rights but also have given many opportunities in the educational sector to prove their abilities. The process had given courage to many women to come forward and broke the stereotype thinking. This had made them come up with their problems as well as effective solutions. History had witnessed the strength and power of women, what all needed is to give them a platform in an unbiased way and let them show their qualities in their creative way.
I never feel confined by gender, by labels, by expectations, by stereotypes. I’m free to be myself.
Princess Nokia
Introduction
During the last two decades it is said that to be a women is the most precious gift a human can have . To be able to give birth to another human being that lives inside precisely 9 months at most .
But their is another dispute that a women can only be a insider . That can fulfill the needs of the dominant society.
Isn’t these two statements are contradictory. In first one a women is a precious gift and in another she can only fullfill one’s needs but only in four walls .
Aren’t they human or a thing that can only live under the roof of men for living ?
Women have always played an important role in the society . Even in the ancient times , they were considered as an equal with the men . So what change , the air , the water , the life style or the mindset . We can also say that the stereotype mindset in society .
Years and years before people grew their ego and think about their individual benefits. Women lead life with virtue , wisdom and respect .
When it start
It was all not same as it was now , their were times when women rule the nation . But due to the foreign invasion , women suffer immensely . At the mediaeval times , women came to be confined within the four walls of the house .
Mediaeval period also known as ‘DARK AGE ‘ as very few women’s were found to be a ruler at that period . It was the period when women brought to the deeds where they made to be inferior to men .
They were raped and brutally killed by the demons who think they can dominate them .
Rani Padmavati, Jodha Bai, Gulbadan Begum, Nurjahan, Jahan Ara , Mumtaj Mahal, Razia Sultan , Jija Bai are some of the women who fought for their right , safety , people , family and love also saved many .
“And one day she discovered that she was fierce, and strong, and full of fire, and that not even she could hold herself back because her passion burned brighter than her fears.”
– Mark Anthony
Modern era
It’s a century of love , reliability , equality and most important individuality .
Then why women are always compared to the men . Why they questioned when they are innocent . ( Well not all are innocent and victim , just for those who are ) .
I do believe that men and women are different . Their differences doesn’t make them weak . It’s just a perspective and view of people that make them vulnerable .
But do women care , it’s their own life not to say that anyone means ANYONE can come and stamp their ‘so called ’ rules on them . Not against the male gender but to those who think they can dominate and lock them in four walls .
Not to say, if women lock men in four wall room . So what will happen to them . Umm. Let’s think , they run like a horse at the time when the room unlocked .
If OJO -MOJO can’t stay in their rooms can’t OLLE do the same . Yes she can , also kick their humpy dumpy bum.
Let’s end the topic and eat some more . It’s a 21st century donot let someone walk on you , you can stand for yourself .
“Don’t let anyone speak for you, and don’t rely on others to fight for you.”
– Michelle Obama
This editorial is written under one’s perspective . Neither against any gender nor in favour .
India is a over-populated country. It is the second most populated country in the world, after China. However, researchers say that India is all set to surpass China in population density by 2024. That means India is about to become the country with the highest population density across the world.
The population of India is increasing at an alarming rate. India is not the country with the highest number of people. There are countries which has more number of people than India like Russia. But they are not overpopulated. Those countries have enough space to fit in the number of people. India has more people than the country could fit in. The number of people residing in per unit square of land in India is much higher than that of other countries. This makes India an over-crowded country.
The huge population of India makes a lot of people live in poverty. The country’s economy is not enough to sustain its population. Adding to the problem, the country’s wealth is not equally distributed. The economic gap between the rich and the poor is widening. The major chunk of the country’s wealth is held by the rich and the powerful who are quite few in number compared to the country’s huge population. A large chunk of the population live below poverty line who do not have enough money to afford their meals thrice a day.
Also, the country does not have enough employment opportunities for all its citizens. This leads to unemployment, economic distress, stress and mental health problems. Unemployment increases the amount of crimes, theft and illegal business practices.
Along with wealth and job opportunities, India’s natural resources are also limited and not enough for its huge population. Over-consumption of natural resources would exhaust them and leave none for our future generations. Overpopulation is also a threat to our environment. The air and water bodies are becoming more and more polluted day by day. Too much burning of fossil fuels, congested roads and too many vehicles are releasing toxic gases in the air.
Accommodation is also a problem in India. Thousands of people live in slums which are over-crowded with unhealthy living conditions. More houses and buildings are being constructed which leaves no place for plants and nature. Forests are cut down to make room for construction projects. The cutting down of trees leads to increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Population explosion is a serious problem which needs to be addressed at any cost. The Indian population should be controlled to improve the lives of the people. Awareness drives and contraceptive alternatives should be adopted with immediate effect.
The social issue is a problem that influences by many citizens within a society.
Social issue be a group of common problem in present society and one that many people struggle to solve. Social issues are distinguished from economic issues. Some issues have both social and economic aspects, such as immigration. There are also issues that don’t fall into either category, such as wars.
The definition of a social problem has both an objective component and a subjective component. The objective component involves empirical evidence of the negative consequences of a social condition or behavior, while the subjective component involves the perception that the condition or behavior is indeed a problem that needs to be addressed.
social issues influence society
Slow social change is desirable, but rapid social change threatens social order. Social problems weaken a society’s stability but do not reflect fundamental faults in how the society is structured. Solutions to social problems should take the form of gradual social reform rather than sudden and far-reaching change.
COVID-19 from 2020 is the hell of the year for all of us . the world facing many issues in this pandemic situation . many of people lose thire dear and nears ones and many of finacial supports many of the people become homeless, they don’t have proper food to continue thire lifes
In every conntry thire many of issues facing in society , in this pandemic the people facing issues are:
Suicide Prevention
With so many people forced into lockdown and isolation over the last year, many people have suffered from poor mental health. In Victoria alone, there has been a 40% spike in calls to various mental health hotlines as a consequence of COVID-19, and it is now more important than it ever has been to pay attention to the struggles of millions of people around the world
Family Violence
Another victim of the pandemic are families who are in dangerous situations due to loss of work, lockdowns and being isolated from the public. Record rates of family violence were recorded in 2020, and cases have increased dramatically, resulting in many support services struggling to help those in need
The Rise In Homelessness
Over the last year, the number of people who have been forced into homelessness has surged as short-term coronavirus and housing protections have phased down. Due to loss of income, many families have had to bear the burden of being kicked out of housing due to an inability to pay rent.
Our Ecological Crisis
Poverty and pandemic aside, another issue we are facing is the ecological crisis due to the collapse of ecosystems and troubling disappearance of biodiversity. Although the slowdown in economic activity due to COVID-19 created a very brief reduction in global carbon emissions, it is impossible to ignore the mounting effects of unchecked human activity over the last decade or so
Speeding Up The Vaccine Rollout
Last but certainly by no means the least, 2021 will see the COVID-19 vaccines being rolled out in most countries around the world. Although more than 360 million vaccine doses have been administered, there is a troubling gap between vaccination programmes in various countries, with many yet to report even a single dose.
Common of Social Issues
Poverty and Homelessness. Poverty and homelessness are worldwide problems. …
Climate Change. A warmer, changing climate is a threat to the entire world. …
Overpopulation. …
Immigration Stresses. …
Civil Rights and Racial Discrimination. …
Gender Inequality. …
Health Care Availability. …
Childhood Obesity.
Poverty and Homelessness
Poverty and homelessness are worldwide problems. According to Habitat for Humanity, one-quarter of the world’s population lives in conditions that harm their health and safety. Many do not have shelter, a basic human need for survival.
This social issue also goes beyond the 25% of the population directly affected. Because of the lack of shelter for this vulnerable population, there is greater stress on government and social programs, including schools and healthcare systems.
Climate Change
A warmer, changing climate is a threat to the entire world. Climate change affects the entire world population, and the Union of Concerned Scientists calls this social issue “one of the most devastating problems humanity has ever faced.”
The 800 million people already living in extreme poverty will be impacted most severely. Around the world, people are already noticing warmer winters, more severe storms and rainfall events, and more frequent wildfires. These issues already put stress on governments and systems in many countries.
Overpopulation
As the population of the world grows, resources become scarcer. The United Nations reports that the current population of 7.7 billion people is expected to grow in coming decades, with a projection of 8.5 billion people by 2030.
The fastest growing areas of the world, such as sub-Saharan Africa, often face already scarce resources like land for farming. As the population becomes more than the country can sustain, people will need to move elsewhere to avoid starvation and homelessness.
Immigration Stresses
People move from one country to another, and in itself, this isn’t a social problem. However, immigration can place stress on government programs and social systems within a country, and it can be a divisive topic in a society. These immigration-related stresses affect many people.
Civil Rights and Racial Discrimination
Civil rights, or the rights of citizens in a country to have equal treatment socially and politically, is another one of the most significant social issues in America and around the world. More than 40 years after the Civil Rights Act passed, almost 60% of African Americans still live in segregated neighborhoods and 90% of African Americans report that racial discrimination is still a major problem.
Gender Inequality
A report from the Pew Research Center Fact Tank indicates that about 50% of Americans feel the country needs to do more to address the income gap between men and women. Women still lag behind men in wages and top leadership positions held, although they are now more likely to attain a college degree.
Worldwide, the situation is even more extreme. UNICEF reports that 12 million girls are married before they reach adulthood, and 98 million high school-aged girls do not attend school.
Health Care Availability
When people are sick or hurt, they need access to medical care to get better. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), almost one in 20 U.S. citizens do not obtain needed medical care because of the cost. Worldwide, 97 million people become impoverished by seeking needed medical care, as reported by the World Health Organization (WHO). Governments around the world are working on this problem, as are nonprofit organizations.
Childhood Obesity
Some types of social problems are health-based, but they also have an impact on socio-economic issues. For instance, the CDC reports that 18.5% of U.S. children are considered obese, having a body mass index at or above the 95th percentile.
However, the childhood obesity epidemic doesn’t affect all children equally. Children in families where the parents have more education and higher incomes are far less likely to be obese than those in families with less education and lower incomes.
Poor Leadership
Many of the social problems in society are connected in subtle ways, but all social problems are connected to the leadership of countries, corporations, and other groups. An ongoing Gallup poll asks Americans to rate the most important problems and social issues facing the country. By far, the most significant issue was poor leadership; 28% of respondents list it as the number one problem.
Social Issues Teens facing
Advances in technology mean today’s teens are facing issues that no previous generation has ever seen. While some issues are not exactly new, electronic media has changed or amplified some of the struggles young people face.
Depression
According to The National Institute of Mental Health, an estimated 3.2 million adolescents in the United States had at least one major depressive episode in 2017. That means about 13% of teenagers may experience depression before reaching adulthood.
Depressive disorders are treatable, but it’s important to seek professional help. If your teen seems withdrawn, experiences a change in his sleep patterns, or starts to perform badly in school, schedule an appointment with your teen’s physician or contact a mental health professional. Do not delay getting help for your teen if you notice these symptoms
Bullying
It’s also important to talk to your child about when and how to get help from an adult. Remind them that asking for help is not a sign of weakness, but instead a show of courage. Talking about how someone has humiliated them is never an easy topic.
Sexual Activity
Of the 20 million new sexually transmitted diseases each year, more than half were among young people between the ages of 15 and 24.
Parents may not be aware that their children are sexually active, however. Talk to your teen about sex, even if you don’t think your child is engaging in sexual activity.
Drug an Alcohol use
Make sure you have regular conversations with your teen about the dangers of drugs. And don’t forget to mention the dangers of prescription drugs, too. Many teens do not recognize the dangers of taking a friend’s prescription or popping a few pills that are not prescribed to them.
Unfortunately, teens often underestimate how easy it is to develop an addiction. And they don’t understand the risks associated with overdosing. Be sure you are talking about these risks on a consistent basis.
Fixing Social Issues
Although many Americans feel their leaders are the biggest problem they face, governments, corporations, and communities are working to fix some of the top social issues. These are just a few of the actions they are taking:
Schools are implementing anti-bullying programs, which the PACER National Bullying Preventions Center says can decrease bullying by up to 25%.
Community efforts to help reduce childhood obesity include adding salad bars to school lunches, focusing on physical fitness, and adding obesity prevention initiatives to hospitals.
The U.S. enacted the Affordable Care Act (ACA) to begin addressing the challenges in health care availability, and it remains an important political issue.
The European Union is on track to meet its goals for reducing carbon emissions and helping mitigate the effects of climate change. Other countries are also working hard to make progress.
Videos games have become a significant part of our culture for over half the century. They have also lead to many leading artistic and technical endeavors including many innovations in all these years. People have started to recognize the importance of these games as culturally important and the need to curate and store them properly.
Education is one of the areas that have gone through a transformational change in 2020 and forward. The learning space has transitioned from a physical space to a space that has gone digital. The convergence of various technologies and modalities has given birth to a new space in the education system.
When it comes to Computer games, many used to scoff at them as a mere product for brief entertainment, but the increased proliferation of digital in every individual’s life means that Video games have a more significant role to play than ever before. The increased visual fidelity with better computing power has signified more immersion in the digital world. Online education has been given a push from governments around the globe. The majority of the higher institutions are teaching remotely with the help of different online tools. One of the major challenges that many educators face is the problem of engagement on par with the physical class.
Instead of just looking at online education as an alternative for the physical classes, we have to look at online education as a means of learning that can enhance the experience and engagement of the students than the physical classes as well. The technologies in 2021 clearly indicate that various tools and measures can be added into the experience of not just online learning and but also in the space of cultural heritage and digital tourism. Video games are an important tool that educators can leverage to fulfill these requirements.
Engagement and immersion can be the key factors that can drive the education system forward. There are many instances where students skip a certain subject even before attempting to learn it. This can be due to a poor and unfavorable experience with a certain instructor or wrong assumptions about the difficulty of that subject. Engaging interfaces in the form of creative games, virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality can help alleviate these types of issues.
Human-Computer-Interaction is an important field where the aspect of design and technology converge. This area not just deals with technological issues but also with the psychological and socio-cultural problems while designing/building a product or an interface. The interface is an important area that is often overlooked on many platforms. Many Educational platforms don’t offer the freedom that can help students, but they rather use the stingy design philosophy and force the users to a particular behavior while using it. Therefore the interface of games becomes equally important. Games can be used to create a more participatory environment for both the teachers and students alike while increasing the experimentation and systematic thinking in the class.
Video games are usually played to win or accomplish a level. Players are motivated by winning these challenges and this is the key to stay engaged. Games motivate through fun, which is part of the natural learning process in human development with instant and visual feedback.
We can conclude that the implementation of video games in the realm of education can make online learning more engaging and intuitive for learners. This is still a novel field of research and we have a long way to go but we cannot dismiss the numerous possibilities that games can provide us in this area.
Zero Budget Natural Farming(ZBNF) is a chemical free agriculture drawing from traditional Indian practices. It marks a departure from the use of expensive chemical fertilizers , insecticides and pesticides.
Subash Palekar, known as the father of ZBNF introduced it in the mid 1990s to move away from the use of chemicals in farming as an alternative to Green Revolution method of use of fertilizers and intensive irrigation.
Need for ZBNF:
Rising cost of agricultural inputs leads to indebtedness and suicide among farmers.
Use of chemicals has a devastating impact on the environment and long term fertility of soil.
Features of ZBNF:
Application of Jeevamrutha which is a mixture of fresh desi cow dung, aged desi cow urine, jaggery , pulse flour , water and soil on farmland. It is a fermented microbial culture that adds nutrients to the soil and acts as a catalytic agent to promote activity of microorganisms and earthworms in the soil. The requirement is of only one cow that too of Indian breed.
Application of Bijamrutha to treat seeds to increase their chances of germination. It is a mixture of cow dung , cow urine, lime and water.
For pest management and insects, a concoction is prepared using neem leaves and pulp, tobacco and green chillies .
Limitations concerning ZBNF:
This method of farming is being debated. There is not much research going on about this .
Many farmers reverted to conventional methods of farming after seeing drops in ZBNF returns.
Eduindex News 
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