• Progressive talks – disengagement of troops near Pangong Tso Lake and Kailash ranges.
• China – Tactical manoeuvres in border regions across Ladakh. New militia units comprising local Tibetan youth – deployed in Eastern Ladakh – high altitude warfare and surveillance.
• Peaceful relationship – peaceful functioning of the world.
• No proper answer – why China chose to attack Indian positions in Ladakh.
Global Concerns .
• Nations expressing concern about threat posed by China to the existing world order.
• G-7 and NATO – Criticized China for its military ambitions.
• China – undeterred in its ambitions. Aggressive actions in the South and East China Seas. Subjugating the Uighur Muslim minority. Risks – Democracy and laissez faire economic system of Hong Kong. Continues – Tactical manoeuvring on Indian borders.
• Reasons for China’s attack on India India’s prominent role – Quad grouping. India’s significant role in Indo-Pacific region. China’s internal turmoil.
Past Lessons from Mao Tse Tung/Mao Zedong .
• Ill-conceived policies and programmes – Huge issues.
• Worst famines – Great Leap Forward Movement. Chinese communists – Tried to organize vast population into large-scale rural communes. Develop labor-intensive methods of industrialization
Emphasize manpower rather than machines and capital expenditure. Gradual accumulation of capital and purchase of heavy machinery.
• Internal problems in Communist party of China. Many members were critical of Mao’s autocratic attitude and ill-conceived policies.
• Attacked India as a diversion and to strengthen his position inside the party.
Xi Jinping – Mao clone
• Sheer dominance over the CPC.
• Trying to consolidate power and achieve pre- eminence – enjoyed by Mao Zedong.
• Pushing China to become a super power by overtaking the U.S.
• Chinese military – making it world’s most powerful military.
• Issues: Aspirations of Xi Jinping are stalling and CPC members questioning his policies and moves. Chinese economy showing signs of slow down.
Other countries are tilting towards India – diplomatic flexibility and ideological sophistication. CPC – leaders and members wanted ‘peaceful coexistence’ with India. Finding it difficult to push through ‘new socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics’.
• Diversion tactic – attacked India and escalated tensions last year.
Conclusion
• India should expect, and prepare for more similar situations.
• Background: European Union (EU)’s Covid19 passport (green pass). For all EU citizens, residents and some categories of travellers from third countries. Effective since July 1.
EU Digital COVID Certificate Regulation.
• For all EU citizens who are vaccinated or tested negative or recovered from COVID-19. • Recognised by all EU 27 member states and Switzerland, Iceland, Norway and Liechtenstein.
• Vaccines authorised in the European Union: Approved by European Medicines Agency (EMA).
• Not eligible for the green pass – India’s vaccines Covishield and Covaxin and vaccines from Russia and China. Covishield – Indian-made version of AstraZeneca’s Vaxzevria jab – cleared by WHO. • Recent G7 conference → India criticised COVID- 19 vaccine passports. “Discriminatory and disadvantageous to developing nations”.
• Developing countries – lower levels of vaccination than developed countries. Example: only 3% of India’s population is fully vaccinated.
• Racism in EU’s policy – EMA list of vaccines only includes vaccines already used by Europe and North America.
• Other issues: equitable and affordable access, supply and distribution of safe and effective vaccines etc.
• Letter of protest issued by the African Union. Covishield is the backbone of COVAX alliance.
• Positive development – several EU members approved India’s Covishield for arriving travellers – Austria, Germany, Slovenia, Greece, Ireland and Spain etc.
Way forward
• More nations may go for vaccine passports in the near future – more vaccine programmes and the impending third wave.
• Nations shall come together against discriminatory practices.
There is an undefined beauty in the film, filled with mystery and unexpected events. It drives most of us crazy when we don’t know what will happen next. When watching a mystery movie, the scenario is completely different. We love watching movies where it is impossible to predict. A mystery film becomes even better when the flavor of thriller is added to it. Thrillers are also about plausibility. Once magic or science-fiction works its way into the storyline, the film becomes less about normal people surviving harrowing situations and more about the mechanics of the fantasy world it now inhabits. The events of a thriller may be highly unlikely but they could, at least in an impressionistic way, happen in the real world. That’s what makes them captivating. It could happen to you. keeping this in mind I had prepared the list of best rated mystry thriller movies. The list consists of both , Hollywood as well as bollywood movies. The Movies are mostly numbered on the basis of their ratings, reviews from critics and public response. This is not a universal list in this genre, just take it as some suggestions if you wanna watch on this genre.
20. Prisoners (imdb- 8.1)
Prisoners is a 2013 American thriller film directed by Denis Villeneuve from a screenplay written by Aaron Guzikowski. The plot focuses on the abduction of two young girls in Pennsylvania and the subsequent search for the suspected abductor by the police. After police arrest a young suspect and release him, the father of one of the daughters takes matters into his own hands. It was chosen by the National Board of Review as one of the top ten films of 2013, and at the 86th Academy Awards, it was nominated for Best Cinematography.Gyllenhaal received the Best Supporting Actor of the Year Award at the 2013 Hollywood Film Festival for his “truly compelling, subtly layered” performance as Detective Loki.
19.kahaani (IMDb-8.1)
Kahaani is a Indian Hindi-language thriller film co-written, co-produced and directed by Sujoy Ghosh. It stars Vidya Balan as Vidya Bagchi, a pregnant woman searching for her missing husband in Kolkata during the festival of Durga Puja, assisted by Satyoki “Rana” Sinha and Khan. Kahaani garnered generally positive reviews from critics. The film won several awards, including three National Film Awards and five Filmfare Awards. The latter included trophies for Best Director (Ghosh) and Best Actress (Vidya).
18.A Wednesday (IMDb-8.1)
A Wednesday! released on 5 September 2008 is a 2008 Indian Hindi-language thriller film written and directed by Neeraj Pandey.It stars Naseeruddin Shah and Anupam Kher. Set between 2 pm and 6 pm on a Wednesday,the film depicts an about-to-retire police commissioner (Anupam Kher) narrating a sequence of events that unfolded on a particular Wednesday. There does not exist any written record. The awareness of the incident exists only in his mind and in those of several individuals who were involved, willingly and unwillingly, and how those events affected the lives of all the concerned people. it won a number of awards including the Indira Gandhi Award for Best Debut Film of a Director at the 56th National Film Awards.
17.The sixth sense (IMDb- 8.1)
The Sixth Sense is a 1999 American supernatural psychological thriller film written and directed by M. Night Shyamalan. It stars Bruce Willis as a child psychologist whose patient (Haley Joel Osment) can talk to the dead. The film established Shyamalan and introduced the cinema public to his traits, most notably his affinity for surprise endings.It was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Director and Best Original Screenplay for Shyamalan, Best Supporting Actor for Osment, and Best Supporting Actress for Collette. It was the second-highest-grossing film of 1999, taking about $293 million in the US and $379 million in other markets.In 2013, the Writers Guild of America ranked the screenplay #50 on its list of 101 Greatest Screenplays ever written.
16.The memory of a murder(IMDb-8.1)
Memories of Murder is a 2003 South Korean crime thriller film co-written and directed by Bong Joon-ho. It is loosely based on the true story of Korea’s first confirmed serial murders, which took place between 1986 and 1991 in Hwaseong, Gyeonggi Province.The film has earned critical acclaim for its twisted tone, cinematography, editing, score, Song’s performance, and Bong’s direction and screenplay. Since its release, it won numerous national awards and has been regarded by many to be one of the finest films of the 21st century. It received screenings at several international film festivals, including Cannes Film Festival, Hawaii International Film Festival, London International Film Festival, Tokyo International Film Festival and San Sebastian International Film Festival, where Bong Joon-ho won the Best Director Award.
15.Talvar (IMDb- 8.2)
Talvar is a 2015 Indian Hindi-language thriller drama film directed by Meghna Gulzar and written by Vishal Bhardwaj. Produced by Bhardwaj and Vineet Jain, the film is based on the 2008 Noida double murder case involving a teenage girl and her family’s servant. Starring Irrfan Khan, Konkona Sen Sharma and Neeraj Kabi, the film follows the investigation of a case from three different perspectives in which her parents are either guilty or innocent of the murder charges by the police investigation, the first CBI probe and an investigation by a different CBI team.Talvar received a positive critical reception.Bhardwaj received the Best Adapted Screenplay Award for Talvar at the 63rd National Film Awards, and Prasad received the Award for Best Editing at the 61st Filmfare Awards.
14.Andhadhun (IMDb-8.2)
Andhadhun is a 2018 Indian Hindi-language black comedy crime thriller film co-written and directed by Sriram Raghavan, produced by Matchbox Pictures, and distributed by Viacom18 Motion Pictures. The film revolves around Akash, a piano player pretending to be visually-impaired, unwittingly becomes entangled in a number of problems as he witnesses the murder of a former film actor.Critics highlighted the writing, and Khurrana and Tabu’s performances. It won four awards, including Best Director and Best Screenplay, at the Screen Awards ceremony and five Filmfare Awards, including Best Film (Critics) and Best Actor (Critics) for Khurrana. It also won three National Film Awards: Best Feature Film in Hindi, Best Actor for Khurrana, and Best Screenplay.
13.The secret in their eyes (IMDb-8.2)
The Secret in Their Eyes is a 2009 Argentinian crime drama film directed, co-written, produced and edited by Juan José Campanella.The film depicts a judiciary employee and his boss, a law clerk, in 1974, played by Ricardo Darín and Soledad Villamil, as they investigate a rape and murder case, while also following the characters 25 years later reminiscing over the case and unearthing the buried romance between them.The film received awards in both Hollywood and Spain, notably the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film at the 82nd Academy Awards, making Argentina, with 1985’s The Official Story, the first country in Latin America to win it twice. In 2016, The Secret in Their Eyes was ranked No. 91 by international critics for the BBC’s 100 Greatest Films of the 21st Century.
12.shutter island (IMDb- 8.2)
Shutter Island is a 2010 American neo-noir psychological thriller film directed by Martin Scorsese and written by Laeta Kalogridis, based on Dennis Lehane’s 2003 novel of the same name. Leonardo DiCaprio stars as Deputy U.S. Marshal Edward “Teddy” Daniels, who is investigating a psychiatric facility on Shutter Island after one of the patients goes missing. Mark Ruffalo plays his partner and fellow deputy marshal, Ben Kingsley is the facility’s lead psychiatrist, Max von Sydow is a German doctor, and Michelle Williams is Daniels’ wife. Released on February 19, 2010, the film received mostly positive reviews from critics, was chosen by National Board of Review as one of the top ten films of 2010, and grossed over $294 million worldwide.
11.Drishyam (IMDb- 8.2)
Drishyam is a 2015 Indian Hindi-language thriller film directed by Nishikant Kamat. The film is a remake of the 2013 Malayalam-language film of the same name. The film was jointly produced by Kumar Mangat Pathak, Ajit Andhare and Abhishek Pathak, and stars Ajay Devgn, Tabu and Shriya Saran, and also features Ishita Dutta and Mrunal Jadhav. The movie revolves around Desperate measures that are taken by a man who tries to save his family from the dark side of the law, after they commit an unexpected crime.
10.memento (IMDb- 8.4)
Memento is a 2000 American neo-noir psychological thriller film written and directed by Christopher Nolan, and produced by Suzanne and Jennifer Todd. It revolves around a man who, as a result of an injury, has the inability to form new memories) and has short-term memory loss approximately every fifteen minutes. He is searching for the people who attacked him and killed his wife, using an intricate system of polaroid photographs and tattoos to track information he cannot remember.Memento received numerous accolades, including Oscar nominations for Best Original Screenplay and Best Film Editing.The film is now widely regarded as one of Nolan’s finest works and one of the best films of the 2000s.
9.The lives of others (IMDb-8.4)
The lives of others is a 2006 German drama film written and directed by Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck marking his feature film debut. The plot is about the monitoring of East Berlin residents by agents of the Stasi, East Germany’s secret police. It also won the BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language and European Film Award for Best Film, while was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film.
8.oldboy (IMDb- 8.4)
It is a 2003 South Korean neo-noir action thriller film, co-written and directed by Park Chan-wook. The film follows the story of Oh Dae-su, who is imprisoned in a cell which resembles a hotel room for 15 years without knowing the identity of his captor or his captor’s motives. When he is finally released, Dae-su finds himself still trapped in a web of conspiracy and violence. His own quest for vengeance becomes tied in with romance when he falls in love with an attractive young sushi chef, Mi-do.
The film won the Grand Prix at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival and high praise from the President of the Jury, director Quentin Tarantino.
7.The usual suspect (IMDb- 8.5)
The Usual Suspects is a 1995 American neo-noir mystery thriller film directed by Bryan Singer and written by Christopher McQuarrie.The plot follows the interrogation of Roger “Verbal” Kint, a small-time con man, who is one of only two survivors of a massacre and fire on a ship docked at the Port of Los Angeles. Through flashback and narration, Kint tells an interrogator a convoluted story of events that led him and his criminal companions to the boat, and of a mysterious crime lord—known as Keyser Söze—who controlled them. .The film was shown out of competition at the 1995 Cannes Film Festival.It received favorable reviews and was eventually given a wider release. McQuarrie won an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay and Spacey won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance.
6.The prestige (IMDb -8.5)
The Prestige is a 2006 science fiction psychological thriller film directed by Christopher Nolan, written by Nolan and his brother Jonathan, based on the 1995 novel of the same name by Christopher Priest. It follows Robert Angier and Alfred Borden, rival stage magicians in London at the end of the 19th century. Obsessed with creating the best stage illusion, they engage in competitive one-upmanship, with fatal results. It got Academy Award nominations for Best Art Direction and Best Cinematography.
5.The. Departed (IMDb- 8.5)
The Departed is a 2006 American crime thriller film directed by Martin Scorsese and written by William Monahan. The film takes place in Boston. Irish Mob boss Frank Costello (Nicholson) plants Colin Sullivan (Damon) as a mole within the Massachusetts State Police; simultaneously, the police assign undercover state trooper Billy Costigan (DiCaprio) to infiltrate Costello’s crew. When both sides realize the situation, Sullivan and Costigan each attempt to discover the other’s identity before they are found out.
The Departed was a critical and commercial success, and won several awards, including four Oscars at the 79th Academy Awards, for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay, and Best Film Editing, becoming Scorsese’s first win for Best Director; Wahlberg was also nominated for Best Supporting Actor.
4.The silence of the lambs (IMDb- 8.6)
The Silence of the Lambs is a 1991 American psychological horror[ film directed by Jonathan Demme. It revolves around a young FBI trainee who is hunting a serial killer, “Buffalo Bill” (Ted Levine), who skins his female victims. To catch him, she seeks the advice of the imprisoned Dr. Hannibal Lecter (Anthony Hopkins), a brilliant psychiatrist and cannibalistic serial killer. The film also features performances from Scott Glenn, Anthony Heald and Kasi Lemmons.
The Silence of the Lambs is regularly cited by critics, film directors and audiences as one of the greatest and most influential films. It won Academy Awards in all the top five categories: Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Actress, and Best Adapted Screenplay.
3.seven
Seven is a 1995 American neo-noir psychological crime thriller film directed by David Fincher and written by Andrew Kevin Walker. It stars Brad Pitt, Morgan Freeman, Gwyneth Paltrow, Kevin Spacey, R. Lee Ermey and John C. McGinley. The film tells the story of David Mills (Pitt), a detective who partners with the retiring William Somerset (Freeman) to track down a serial killer who uses the seven deadly sins as a motif in his murders.itwas the seventh-highest-grossing film of the year, grossing over $327 million worldwide. It was well received by critics and was nominated for Best Film Editing at the 68th Academy Awards.
2.parasite (IMDb -8.6)
It is a 2019 South Korean black comedy thriller film directed by Bong Joon-ho, who co-wrote the screenplay with Han Jin-won.It revolves around a poor family who scheme to become employed by a wealthy family and infiltrate their household by posing as unrelated, highly qualified individuals.
Parasite premiered at the 2019 Cannes Film Festival on 21 May 2019, where it became the first South Korean film to win the Palme d’Or. Among its numerous accolades, Parasite won a leading four awards at the 92nd Academy Awards: Best Picture, Best Director, Best Original Screenplay, and Best International Feature Film, becoming the first non-English language film to win the Academy Award for Best Picture.
1.inception (IMDb-8.8)
The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio as a professional thief who steals information by infiltrating the subconscious of his targets. He is offered a chance to have his criminal history erased as payment for the implantation of another person’s idea into a target’s subconscious.Inception received critical praise for its screenplay, direction, themes, action sequences, visual effects, musical score, and ensemble cast. It won four Academy Awards in Best Cinematography, Best Sound Editing, Best Sound Mixing, and Best Visual Effects and was nominated for four more: Best Picture, Best Original Screenplay, Best Art Direction, and Best Original Score.
It’s always better to start early, and gain as much experience.
Internships have always been difficult while juggling University where it is required to show up everyday and attend almost all your classes. But the competition these days are cut throat and nothing promising could ever come your way — if you think you could just breeze through lives.
Being respectful that not all situations that every single one of us face are conducive for us to start investing our time for any sort of extra-curricular, but you also need to stop excusing yourself and being lethargic, it won’t ever help you.
You are supposedly at the prime of your age, if you keep up the act that have bailed you away from serious commitment, then you are just downplaying your life. You’d never need to blame it on other’s past action or even current actions, even though you could be right to blame them; it doesn’t help, you’ll just spiral out with your thought, and give power to someone else, that’s a big no-no.
Moving on, let’s ask oneself what they are interested in, and even with what is currently their educational qualification, are you comfortable trying new things? And if you could see yourself trying everything out just once, give yourself a pat in the back and get on your devices, reach out to people and start applying for positions and trainings that could help you.
The more you get exposed to different working conditions is better, you get street-smart for starters, but you also learn what it takes to strive and exist in the market, you learn interpersonal skills and even brush up your communication skills which wouldn’t have happened within your little friends clique.
Thus actively participating in such activities without being nagged by someone would be beneficial for you and improve you, more than anything else.. it could also help proof people that you’re serious with what you’re doing and are capable enough to look after yourself.
The pandemic with all its flaws have provided to accommodate work-from-home internship opportunities to many, which takes off a big load from us, and we can engage in multiple activities at a given time with just a switch of your device screens/windows/slides.
Along the same lines of how a tragic hero need to be an enabler for not just a good plot but to reach for the desired set of emotions equally is 5) Hamartia a tragic hero with imperfections; the specific being his/her “tragic flaw” not the best adaptation of Hamartia, but is far more commonly used for a characteristic moral failing in an otherwise predominantly good man. The Hamartia of the hero is closely and inseparably connected with 6) “Peripety” the several of fortune from the point-of-view of the character involved and for a spectator or a reader the plot of the play as a whole is a reversal of the direction of the action. The analogy is thus that Peripety is contained in the idea of the boomerang effect of one’s own action. 7) Discovery – “A change from ignorance to knowledge.” The discovery of the truth of the matter is the costly beginning from the state of ignorance which is the very essence of “hamartia”. Hamartia, Peripety and Discovery all together in their ideal schematisation of the tragic plot. Furthermore, tragedy, is presupposed as purging out of emotions of Pity and Fear i.e. Catharsis; exhilaration, a pleasurable sense of relief and the Tragic hero is given the title of the enabler of the purgation of these emotions. Relation of emotional catharsis which tragedy helps generate is the tragic pleasure. Therefore the continuous insistence towards Pity and Fear is because pity is generated under the pretence of a tragedy towards the character whose punishment for the audience is exceeding his crime; the punishment is more that what he deserves, and similarly Fear is when the hero; who being “not pre-eminently just and virtuous” is still better than ourselves and yet failed, then what hope do we have left? Therefore the catharsis that Aristotle mentioned just once in Poetics is of emotions that occurs accidentally but surely in a tragedy is something he elaborates on, this accident is to be experienced to everyone in the audience or to anyone reading a work of art; no
matter of high intellect does experience this form of proper pleasure which happens through proper tools and albeit perceived to be an “accident” is a sure shot guaranteed by the tragic hero. Thus the tragic hero of Aristotle accounts to the whole of the Tragedy to be brought up to its potential and serve its purpose.
Make sure you also read the second part of this post.
When Aristotle is talking about the tragic hero, it’s important to pan out where the tragic hero is being placed at and accordingly the significance of the ‘tragic hero’ needs to be questioned. This is furthered by the interpretation of the plot and the use of tragedy in the said plot that would give the idea of what Aristotle is describing as the tragic hero. So it’s important to understand tragedy; before anything, and so Poetics seems to be a plausible guide alongside plenty of other definitions within a dictionary which although correct; doesn’t fully help apply the idea of Aristotle. No-one in any absolute sense could define what Poetics denote as words have been genuinely lost in translation and what we could scavenge are a sense of one’s own point-of-view or interpretation to pacify their intellect; one could contest it to be inconsistent and probably is right in doing so, but the fact of the matter is the idea of lost in translation remains undeterred.
Additionally, discussing on the characteristics of the tragic hero is an extremely elaborated idea of what Tragedy is and while, Aristotle’s Tragic Hero is someone who is primary agent in his Tragedy; which is an essential element in the notion of arousing Pity and Fear – the catharsis of Pity and Fear for Tragic Pleasure is also an important characteristic feature for the Tragic Hero.
Humphrey house affirm seven points directed towards the dramatic character or the tragic hero 1) The tragic hero or the character in a tragedy must be Good. Tragedy is a limitation of personages better than the ordinary man. Hence goodness of character is a prerequisite for Aristotle as it is the foundation of initial sympathy in a spectator without which tragic emotions cannot be roused, that is tragic pleasure is ultimately conveyed through sympathy or Pity, a very basic of the whole tragic pleasure. All characters in a tragedy for Aristotle should be equivocally good. Although Aristotle’s good man is not good unless he is desiring specific, positive, good ends and working towards the attainment; therefore its necessary for the execution of a tragic plot that the hero has to be “not prominently virtuous or just”; adding here Immanuel Kant who talks action to be morally worthy, something that should be executed to do the right thing for the right reason and is said to hold that to do the right thing for personal reason isn’t morally right and that the motive of duty should be autonomous and not altruistic. Scholars have questioned on what does Aristotle mean by “good”, and it’s later when reading Poetics is established on the Ethical Goodness of a character. 2) Appropriateness of Character – a fitting character, the Plot should attempt to guarantee the individuality of Character in compliance to its status which is fundamental. 3) “Likeness” of Character – the literary portrait produced by the poet should be ‘like the original’, i.e. like what the personage in question is in history of legend; depriving the poet of his creative freedom and ties him to a quiet indefinable exemplar, because history and legends are largely the creation of other writers. Likeness — Aristotle differentiating Tragedy and Comedy by the consideration of type of characters shown acting in each — characters are either better or worse than ourselves, or just like ourselves: although Comedy makes its personages “worse” and Tragedy makes its personages “better than the men of the present day.” 4) Consistency – Aristotle describes a formula “consistently inconsistent” it is not concerned with momentary conflicting passions but with “the basis or foundation of a character “, — habit, bent or tendency.
In terms of its influence in modern literary criticism, aesthetics and philosophy of art, Longinus’s Theory of Sublime is a very critical piece of work. He is placed second to Aristotle’s Poetics by many scholars. Peri Hypsous is simply a rhetorical treatise offering an especially strong inclination of the awe-inspiring or high style of quality writing siding with the glories of written literature.
The ownership of the treatise is a debate since its emergence during the Italian Renaissance with several manuscripts around until the initial publication by Italian humanist and philologist Francesco Robortello shaping the pre-existing dominant ideas in the world of literary criticism by Horace and Aristotle. The Theory of Sublimity is considered to be subjective as well as intersubjective on account of literary practice. The entirety of Longinus’s work is constructed over the notion of expressing greatness in one’s language and that being an important precursor for a writer, it also adds to what his predecessors helped shape the art of writing and diction. Longinus’s approach is characterised as distinctive and original on its precisely subjective drift: its focus on the creative and receptive facet of verbal arts, on the wit of the writer and affect on the audience is a crucial role of the text. In western thought, the theory of Hysous is seen at length from its production contesting that the theory doubles itself as a theory of Genius. Longinus has also successfully inclined towards sublime being considered as a dual experience of simultaneously being overwhelming and elevating, dominating and exalting. We are acquainted with the five forces of Sublimity; 1) Grandeur of thought and ability to form grand conception & 2) Powerful and inspired emotions – These are related to writers innate or natural capacity. 3) The effective use of stylistic & rhetorical figures as a means of increasing emotional impact of literature, 4) Noble diction & phrasing — the skilful use of metaphors and other figures of speech & 5) Dignified & elevated composition, most effective arrangements of words – is an artificially gained tool for achieving sublimity. The nurtured virtue in an author who must skilfully cultivate into the feeling in what he/she writes is proposed as; Sublimity as the echo of noble mind, could be a viable thought. “Sublimity is” for Longinus, “a kind of eminence or excellence of discourse. It is the source of distinction of the very greatest poets and prose writers and the means by which they have given eternal of their own fame.” It’s a discussed that the hypsous is intrinsically related to logos — translated as discourse; that the thought and diction — is inherently linked to the nobility of supreme and that a piece of art containing flashes of Sublimity — for a text need not be dripping in Sublimity but its position could be elevated with just these flashes — is universal and transhistorical. The Sublimity of a text is acknowledged by its affect; its feeling and emotion, and so the most consequential way of defining sublimity of a text is by describing its affect on the audience.
Is being a Starbucks fanatic such a big deal that people make it out as?
Objectively speaking, the prices that is associated with the drink stands an international bench mark, it is equated to the dollar-value and thus to create a sense of uniformity, the drinks are priced the way they are, because of it.
But even beyond that, if you are a coffee lover and there aren’t any local shops that cater to such an extensive variety in coffee, sure I’d try that, but majority of shops/cafes have very restrictive and cliché orders, which doesn’t serve me any purpose because that not my drink of choice. The lack of tolerance or control or the displeased expression that people sport when you talk about Starbucks to anyone, is uncalled for, but sure everyone is entitled to their opinion.
Moving on, this isn’t a bitter post towards those who hate Starbucks. But, the when accounting to the fact that I could spend hours there, chatting or just watching a movie, probably working too, and no one would bother interrupting me, nor am I engaging with the hustle bustle of the boisterous town around me, then I don’t see a problem, I can just be an escapist sitting under gloomy, warmly lit walls with sweet heavenly scent of brewing coffee and baked goods, I don’t see why that isn’t a good thing, for me, and that’s important, it is what matters the most.
Lastly, it’s quite redundant to keep on dragging this futile discussion amongst people because it’s sometimes doesn’t need to be about the money, or anything else, it just has to be with what someone is comfortable with and what suits them the best, everyone needs to respect the other based on their discussion where the want to spend their money and time.
There’s nothing boujie or pretenscious about taking care of what you want. And don’t feel guilty about it nor feel obligated about answering to anyone.
Figuring out what Ideology is, when understanding these Marxist terminology, it’s important to look at these ideas not as obsolete reality but an ever evolving pervasive concept. Karl Marx, has his own definition of Ideology as ideas and beliefs set out by the dominant class of a society for everyone to obey and thus justify the actions of the dominant class in any society. Here, Louis Althusser sets out with his own interpretation and has worked in “On The Reproduction Of Capitalism: Ideology And Ideological State Apparatuses”, that; i) Ideology has no history, it is eternal; ii) Ideology represents the imaginary relationship of individuals to their real conditions of existence; iii) Ideology has a material (or spiritual) existence; iv) Ideology interpellates individuals as subjects. The four of these points become a pinnacle to what Althusser insists in the nature of Ideology.
These 4 parameters help us understand its nature, to what Ideology represents, for when man entered the state of nature, by subscribing to ideas and beliefs, we subscribed to this ideology, which though speaks of, no history in itself, it’s still is an implicit force that drives the Capitalistic existence, although omnipresent. And leading on to the second point, that “men represent their real conditions of existence to themselves in an imaginary form”. Who one is, is just another fragmented idea of you, which Lacan also states in the Mirror Stage and this is crucial in the understanding of this idea as well, that ideology works within multiplicity of narratives, conscious or unconscious, that shapes or has the ability to shape one’s identity. When the material existence of ideology is brought up, it is the material practices, ritual, and action that works under Ideology, unsuspecting and yet controlling one within their grasp. And lastly, Althusser believes, ideology interpellates individuals as subjects – their subjection to the category of subjects. There is no ideology except by the subject and for subjects, which by working seamlessly and weaving thoroughly over the three previous paradigms to concreticise the concept of ideology.
One could say, Althusser’s insight about the “social unconscious” when it comes to assessing the concrete political realities and struggles, is thus become not just another crucial point to define and understand Ideology, but in itself a very significant negotiation of the concept of ideology in itself.
Never give up on an opportunity for education, to educate yourself is a very pivoting experience.
The seemingly biggest existential crisis for most of us, if not all, hits when you’ve finally graduated but can’t focus on what is the next right step. This comes with a lot of challenges and pressures, but always remember; to focus on what you want, these are the years where you can mess up, pick up the pieces and move forward, do that, unabashedly.
Are you scared, or not ready to take up your Masters? Or do you want to look for a stable job right away? This is your life, and you get the reigns for it, no matter the pressure, don’t let people fool you into pursuing what you weren’t read for, these people are not gonna be around forever to scrutinise you, we all just need to learn to create healthy boundaries.
Make sure you are engaging yourself with all sorts of information and not just one sided research thrusted upon you by someone. That’s got to be your first step.
Think clear of long term goals before pursuing any thing, imaging what do you consider of yourself in the next 10 years, and plan accordingly.
If the situation isn’t favourable now, that doesn’t necessarily should spiral you into depression, work hard on proving a plan, it seems superficial for some, but it always works.
Have your plans gone sour? No worries, it’s not the end of the world, nothing truly happening to you is, just keep a calm mind and multiple options at your disposal; never put all your eggs in one basket.
Your degree doesn’t satisfy what you had planned, get another one, it’s just matter of years you’d put in, and it would be enlightening.
Take up courses, brush up your skills, know more and have the zeal to learn and tackle anything, and that’s it for you, if you could just wholesomely tackle anything that is in you way, you can surely win over all your situations.
But, most importantly, don’t run behind something or someone, you’re young, you’re going to make mistakes and you need to own upto it, but sticking to someone or something would always narrow down your path while you just want to do the opposite.
Just make sure that you —no matter what’s the situation is in ahead of you don’t loose faith in yourself, even when no one truly are standing besides you; because its always empty at the top 😉
Cotopaxi is located in the Cordillera Central mountain range of Central Ecaudor and is one of the world’s tallest volcanoes, with a height of 19,393 feet. The active volcano hs produced more than 50 eruptions since the 16th century. The 1877 eruption was the most violent, producing mudflows – hot mixtures of water, rock, sand, and mud moving down the flanks of a volcano and running away from it – that travelled 60 miles from the volcano and into the Pacific Ocean. The most recent eruption was back in 1904. The volcano is close to densely populated area of Ecuador, the results would be devastating if it indeed erupt today.
Popocatepetl, Mexico
Popocatepetl is North America’s second highest volcano, located only 40 miles southeat of Mexico City, which is one of the largest urban areas in the world, with a huge population. There haven’t been any massive eruptions, there have been periods of activity throughout history, and in 1994, smoke poured from the volcano for the frst time in 1000 years. However, scientists predict there will be a massive eruption eventually but just don’t know when it will happen.
Mount Vesuvius, Italy
Mount Vesuvius is the volcano responsible for the destruction of the city of Pompeii back in A.D. 79. In the last 17,000 years, there have been some major explosive eruptions that preceded large pyroclastic flows – fast moving streams of extremely hot gas and volcanic matter that can reach speeds up to 430 miles per hour. The last known eruption was in 1944. The volcano is close to the city of Napels.
Kelud Volcano, Indonesia
Kelud is one of the most active volcanoes in Eats Java. It has a large crater that contains a lake, made from devastating mudflows. One of the worst explosions happened in 1919, when the crater lake drained and formed mudflows that killed more than 5,000 people. A destructive explosion in February 2014 destroyed the lava dome and produced a huge ash column that drifted over the Indian Ocean.
Mount Merapi, Indonesia
Mount Merapi, is located near the center of the island of Java, and stands 9,551 feet tall. One of the largest recorded eruptions happened in 1006 and spread ash throughout Java. One of the risks with the volcano is the pyroclastic flow, which killed 64 during a eruption in 1994. There were also several eruptions in late 2010, that claimed more lives and had tens of thousands evacuated.
Mount Pinatubo, Philippines
Mount Pinatuba, is located in western Luzon in the Philippines, and sits about 55 miles northwest of Manila and has a height of about 4,800 feet. A major eruption took place in 1991, after nearly 600 years. It caused 700 deaths and left about 100,000 people homeless.
No doubt that everyone wants to remain fit and healthy . Food and nutrition play a very vital role in our growth and development . These are helpful for maintaining good health . The requirement of nutrition is essential for every individual but it is indispensable for the individuals who actively participate in games and sports . With the help of appropriate nutrition , sportsperson can enhance their performance . Even some supplements are also required to provide proper nutrition to sportsperson.
Meaning of a Balance Diet
A balanced diet refers to the intake of edibles which can provide all the essential food constituents necessary for growth and maintenance of the body , in definite amount in which they are required by the body .A balanced diet means eating the right amount of foods from all food groups .
“A diet which consists of all the essential food constituents , viz., protiens , carbohydrates , fats , vitamins , minerals and water in correct proportion is called a balanced diet.”
In other words , ” Balanced diet is that diet which contains of various constituents of food in accurate and appropriate quantity and quality according to the requirement of an individual .”
In fact , every individual does not require same type of diet . The diet differs from individual to individual . The following points sum up a balanced diet .
A balanced diet must contain all the essential constituents in adequate amount
There must be definite proportion between the different constituents of food .
The food should be easily digestible .
Cooking of food is necessary because it sterilizes foodstuff and makes it palatable and easily digestible.
A recent picture of fire on the ocean, called ‘eye of fire’ has been going viral. This picture was captured in the west of Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula on 2nd July 2021. The reason for this fire was a gas leak of an underwater pipeline of the state oil company known as Pemex. The origin of the fire was an underwater pipeline that connects to a platform at the Ku Maloob Zaap oil development. The fire took more than five hours to put out. The company Pemex has a long history of major industrial accidents at their facilities. The fire was put out using Nitrogen by the company workers. Such incidents keep making us wonder about the marine ecosystem and how these activities keep endangering it. Although this was an accident of gas leak from inside, it reminds us of the many oil spills that keep occurring and the effect they have on the marine ecosystem.
Mauritius Oil Spill
On July 25, 2020, a Japanese-operated ship named MV Wakshio hit a coral reef on the coast of Mauritius. The vessel carried 4000 tonnes of crude oil out of which more than 1000 tonnes of oil leaked from the crack in an environmentally sensitive region which polluted the coral reefs, beaches, and lagoons of the island, and an environmental emergency was declared by the Prime Minister of Mauritius. This leak has caused a lot of damage and will continue to for years because of its location being near two environmentally protected marine ecosystems and the Blue Bay Marine Park reserve. These oil spills don’t just affect for the time being till they are cleaned up, the soluble compounds of the oil dissolve in the water and form a layer on the surface of the water which affects the whole marine ecosystem. The toxic hydrocarbons released from the spill bleach the coral reefs which are a very important part of Mauritius, and because of this bleaching, they will eventually die. The oil is less dense than the saltwater so it floats over the water which ends up sticking to the fur and feather of the marine animals and the birds which harms the water-repelling properties of their skin which can then expose them to the cold. Moreover, swallowing the oil can poison them.
The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
This spill of 2010 is known as the biggest oil spill in the United States with a spill of more than 200 million gallons of oil. It was found that the spill changed the amount of sediment collection on the bottom of the sea and choked them of oxygen. The reef fish changed after the spill, it absorbed some of the oil-source contaminants. This spill endangered the food chain and more than 400 species. It also severely affected dolphins of the area, there were a lot of stillbirths or baby dolphins with abnormal or underdeveloped lungs and seriously ill adult dolphins with drastically low blood sugar, low weight, and some were found with liver cancer and lung cancer.
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
This disaster was caused by an oil tanker named Exxon Valdez which spilled 11 million gallons of crude oil into Alaska’s Prince William Sound on March 24, 1989. It killed around 2,50,000 sea birds, 3000 otters, 300 seals, 250 bald eagles, and 22 killer whales. It also played a role in the collapse of salmon and herring fisheries which resulted in fishermen going bankrupt and the economy suffering.
Environmental Effects
Seeing three important cases of Oil spills above we can discuss the major environmental effects of an oil spill:
Big impact on temporary animal
Fish loss of habitat
Affects organism functions like respiration, feeding, and thermo-regulation
The cleaning of oil spills ends up damaging the remaining plants.
Bleaching of coral reefs
Depletes oxygen content in water
Failure in the reproductive system of sea animals (as seen in dolphins above)
Responsible Bodies
The MARPOL convention of 1973 covers pollution of the marine environment by ships, it also lists forms of marine pollution caused by harmful substances, oil, sewage, and garbage from ships. The key international bodies that take care of oil spills are International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund (IOPC), and United Nations Environment Program World Conservation Monitoring Center (UNEP-WCMC). Other than these, every country has its government agency to take care of the spills. India has a National Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan (NOS-DCP).
Conclusion
With all the use of natural resources, the environment is being affected but adding to that is the leaks of these natural resources which further destroys the environment. The first step for acting on anything is to get to know about the history of incidents and the effect that has had on the environment.
A bear market is when a market experiences prolonged price declines. It typically describes a condition in which securities prices fall 20% or more from recent highs amid widespread pessimism and negative investor sentiment.
Bear markets are often associated with declines in an overall market, but individual securities or commodities can also be considered to be in a bear market if they experience a decline of 20% or more over a sustained period of time—typically two months or more. Bear markets also may accompany general economic downturns such as a recession. Bear markets may be contrasted with upward-trending bull markets.
Understanding Bear Markets
Stock prices generally reflect future expectations of cash flows and profits from companies. As growth prospects wane, and expectations are dashed, prices of stocks can decline. Herd behavior, fear, and a rush to protect downside losses can lead to prolonged periods of depressed asset prices.
One definition of a bear market says markets are in bear territory when stocks, on average, fall at least 20% off their high. But 20% is an arbitrary number, just as a 10% decline is an arbitrary benchmark for a correction. Another definition of a bear market is when investors are more risk-averse than risk-seeking. This kind of bear market can last for months or years as investors shun speculation in favor of boring, sure bets.
The causes of a bear market often vary, but in general, a weak or slowing or sluggish economy will bring with it a bear market. The signs of a weak or slowing economy are typically low employment, low disposable income, weak productivity, and a drop in business profits. In addition, any intervention by the government in the economy can also trigger a bear market.
For example, changes in the tax rate or in the federal funds rate can lead to a bear market. Similarly, a drop in investor confidence may also signal the onset of a bear market. When investors believe something is about to happen, they will take action—in this case, selling off shares to avoid losses.
Bear markets can last for multiple years or just several weeks. A secular bear market can last anywhere from 10 to 20 years and is characterized by below-average returns on a sustained basis. There may be rallies within secular bear markets where stocks or indexes rally for a period, but the gains are not sustained, and prices revert to lower levels. A cyclical bear market, on the other hand, can last anywhere from a few weeks to several months.
The U.S. major market indexes were close to bear market territory on December 24, 2018, falling just shy of a 20% drawdown. More recently, major indexes including the S&P 500 and Dow Jones Industrial Average fell sharply into bear market territory between March 11 and March 12, 2020. Prior to that, the last prolonged bear market in the United States occurred between 2007 and 2009 during the Financial crisis and lasted for roughly 17 months. The S&P 500 lost 50% of its value during that time.
In February 2020, global stocks entered a sudden bear market in the wake of the global coronavirus pandemic, sending the DJIA down 38% from its all-time high on February 12 (29,568.77) to a low on March 23 (18,213.65) in just over one month. However, both the S&P 500 and the Nasdaq 100 made new highs by August 2020.
The Google every knows about Google, it gives us access to almost all information by typing what you want to know into the search bar. There are some interesting secrets you can have enjoy.
Then why are u waitimg just go with my steps ,
Go with,you have type the phrase “Do a barrel roll” into the search bar of Google and press enter, the entire page spin around once.
Second is a fun trick if you like Chuck Norris jokes. If you type in ‘Find Chuck Norris’ and click ‘I’m feeling lucky’, you will get a little message from Google about being careful what you search for.
Next, and this is one of my favourites, try typing ‘Google Gravity’ into the search bar on Google and pressing search. It will cause the entire page to fall into pieces. Although sometimes this doesn’t work, if you search it and click the first result on the page, it will take you back to the homepage which will then fall. The best part is that you can still search for things even after it has taken effect. It will, however, cause all of the results to fall from the sky and crash down on top of the already fallen homepage.
Finally, my favourite. Type ‘Zerg Rush’ into the search bar and hit enter. This will cause many ‘o’s to appear from all directions! But beware, they are not your friends. You must hover over each of the ‘o’s with your cursor and click like crazy. Soon they will vanish. Attempt this at your own peril, you have been warned.
So there you have it, a few cool things to do with Google when you’re bored. Of course, there are far more tricks to do with Google, but you can always find them by, you know, googling it. A little extra for reading this far: if you leave the search bar blank and click ‘I’m Feeling Lucky’, you’ll be shown all of the Google doodles that have ever been used on special dates.
Here are way more tricks you can do on google.
Do a Barrel Roll. Search for “do a barrel roll” without the quotes, and hold onto your desk for dear life. …
“As I rained blows upon him, I realized there had to be another way!” It’s a Festivus MIIIRACLE! …
![Aristotle’s view on the Tragic Hero [Part B]](https://eduindex.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/attl.jpg?w=198&h=1&crop=1){kind=small}
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