History of Internet…

internet is a global computer network providing a variety of information and communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols. It connects millions of computers together globally, forming a network in which any computer can communicate with any other computer as long as they are both connected to the Internet. the full form of the internet is Interconnected Network, firstly the Internet has its origin in the efforts to build and interconnect computer networks that arose from research and development in the United States and involved international collaboration, particularly with researchers in the United Kingdom and France.

Fundamental theoretical work in data transmission and information theory was developed by Claude Shannon, Harry Nyquist, and Ralph Hartley in the early 20th century. Information theory, as enunciated by Shannon in 1948, provided a firm theoretical underpinning to understand the trade-offs between signal-to-noise ratio, bandwidth, and error-free transmission in the presence of noise, in telecommunications technology. With so many different network methods, something was needed to unify them. Robert E. Kahn of DARPA and ARPANET recruited Vinton Cerf of Stanford University to work with him on the problem. By 1973, they had worked out a fundamental reformulation, where the differences between network protocols were hidden by using a common internetwork protocol, and instead of the network being responsible for the reliability, as in the ARPANET, the hosts became responsible. Cerf credits Hubert Zimmermann and Louis Pouzin designer of the CYCLADES network and his graduate students Judy Estrin, Richard Karp, Yogen Dalal, and Carl Sunshine with important work on this design.

During the first decade or so of the public Internet, the immense changes it would eventually enable in the 2000s were still nascent. In terms of providing context for this period, mobile cellular devices like smartphones and other cellular devices, which today provide near-universal access, were used for business and not a routine household item owned by parents and children worldwide. Social media in the modern sense had yet to come into existence, laptops were bulky and most households did not have computers. Data rates were slow and most people lacked means to video or digitize video; media storage was transitioning slowly from analog tape to digital optical discs (DVD and to an extent still, floppy disc to CD). Enabling technologies used from the early 2000s such as PHP, modern JavaScript, and Java, technologies such as AJAX, HTML 4, and various software frameworks, which enabled and simplified speed of web development, largely awaited invention and their eventual widespread adoption.

The Internet was widely used for mailing lists, emails, e-commerce and early popular online shopping (Amazon and eBay for example), online forums and bulletin boards, and personal websites and blogs, and use was growing rapidly, but by more modern standards the systems used were static and lacked widespread social engagement. It awaited a number of events in the early 2000s to change from a communications technology to gradually develop into a key part of global society’s infrastructure.

The first Internet link into low earth orbit was established on January 22, 2010, when astronaut T. J. Creamer posted the first unassisted update to his Twitter account from the International Space Station, marking the extension of the Internet into space..) This personal Web access, which NASA calls the Crew Support LAN, uses the space station’s high-speed Ku band microwave link. To surf the Web, astronauts can use a station laptop computer to control a desktop computer on Earth, and they can talk to their families and friends on Earth using Voice over IP equipment.

Communication with spacecraft beyond earth orbit has traditionally been over point-to-point links through the Deep Space Network. Each such data link must be manually scheduled and configured. In the late 1990s, NASA and Google began working on a new network protocol, Delay-tolerant networking which automates this process, allows networking of spaceborne transmission nodes, and takes the fact into account that spacecraft can temporarily lose contact because they move behind the Moon or planets, or because space weather disrupts the connection. Under such conditions, DTN retransmits data packages instead of dropping them, as the standard TCP/IP Internet Protocol does. NASA conducted the first field test of what it calls the “deep space internet” in November 2008. Testing of DTN-based communications between the International Space Station and Earth has been ongoing since March 2009 and is scheduled to continue until March 2014.

As the Internet grew through the 1980s and early 1990s, many people realized the increasing need to be able to find and organize files and information. Projects such as Archie, Gopher, WAIS, and the FTP Archive list attempted to create ways to organize distributed data. In the early 1990s, Gopher, invented by Mark P. McCahill offered a viable alternative to the World Wide Web. However, in 1993 the World Wide Web saw many advances to indexing and ease of access through search engines, which often neglected Gopher and Gopherspace. As popularity increased through the ease of use, investment incentives also grew until in the middle of 1994 the WWW’s popularity gained the upper hand. Then it became clear that Gopher and the other projects were doomed to fall short.

In recent years, it’s become very clear that the internet is key to living in the modern age. Basically, everyone is expected to have an internet connection and everyone is expected to use that internet on a daily basis. The idea of doing something as simple as finding work without the internet is alien to most Europeans. I remember entering a job center in Norway and seeing the staff completely baffled and out of ideas when I informed them I was temporarily out of the internet. I also found it near impossible to manage here without some form of daily internet access, I think everyone who has been without it for more than a day will realize how much they rely on it, not just ‘want’ it.

However, when people think, “free internet” I don’t think they mean “we should have free WiFi hotspots everywhere.” I think they instead mean that you should not have to pay for WiFi to be wired to your house, and you should not be charged by a company to provide you the internet. I agree with this fully, the internet should not be a paid commodity like it’s simply something you can go without, it simply is too important. Like water and electricity, most developed countries monitor these services consistently and try to ensure they’re as cheap as possible, otherwise, the cost of surviving is simply too high, that’s why you can often find electricity and water for rather cheap prices. Internet, however, can be damned expensive, and the packages and contracts that must be signed are sometimes akin to signing a contract with the devil. Sometimes the companies won’t even deliver your modem, or they will purposely throttle you in order to ensure you upgrade your package. Internet providers can be, and often are, thieves, it’s almost completely unchecked.

In 2015, Google started the ‘Station’ program to bring free public Wi-Fi to 400 busiest railway stations in New Delhi, India, Google has decided to gradually wind down the service globally as it believes that better data plans and improving mobile connectivity have made it “simpler and cheaper” for users to get online. Google explained that it took the decision to end the program because it was becoming difficult to scale up and to make a sustainable business. The company had worked with various partners in each market where it offered the Station service, but each had different technical and infrastructure requirements. In India, it worked with RailTel, Indian Railways, and Pune Smart City, for example, while in South Africa it worked with Think WiFi. However, Google isn’t the only company to have tried to make it easier for users in developing markets to get online. Facebook founded the Internet.org project in 2013, and in 2016 it launched Express Wi-Fi In India after its previous internet service was banned in the country.

Why Mukesh Ambani is more successful than Anil Ambani? – Inspirational story…

Once before in 2019 Mr. Anil Ambani either you pay Eriksson 453 crore rupees or go to jail that time is super rich brother saved him from that feed and then it happened again this year you are personally liable to the three Chinese bank for our comms use of 700 million dollars, but sir I have a net worth of zero you Daikin industrialist socialite and fitness enthusiast there riches-to-rags story of Anil Ambani could well be a plot for a Bollywood film just like his father the Dhirubhai Ambani.

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Dhirubhai Ambani also inspired a film guru Dhirubhai was legendary for his audacious vision and his ability to successfully implement it

“If you don’t build your dreams someone else will hire you to help them build theirs while”

Started as a petrol pump attendant in Aden Yemen his son’s vocational him walk straight to the directors cabinet while returned to India with just 500 rupees set up reliance and took it public in 1977 the boy started life sitting on its board and that time of his death in 2002 Forbes ranked Dhirubhai Ambani as the world’s 130 eighth richest person with a net worth of 2.9 billion dollars leaving behind one of India’s biggest companies worth 75 thousand crore unthinkable to him that his two sons would fight over his legacy. Dhirubhai did not leave behind the wheel despite cracks forming between the two brothers even during his lifetime who were then Chairman and Managing Director of Reliance Industries respectively after the father’s death these cracks came wide into the open over who would own which company. There was no question as to who would get their flagship petroleum company reliance because Mukesh was the one who had built them main Patal Ganga plant and understood the business intricately Reliance Communications India’s second largest telecom company at the time was also micaceous baby having an vision and build it from scratch but Anil wanted it. Finally, it was their mother Kokilaben in 2004 five I need are calm mom supported by external negotiators chartered accountant s guru-murthy and banker KV Kamath who stepped in to divide the conglomerate Mukesh got all the old economy companies Reliance Industries petroleum IPCL infrastructure while Anil got all the new economy companies and renamed his group ad AG telecom Reliance Capital Energy Natural Resources and broadcasting and his legacy left him as the sixth richest man in the world with a net worth of more than 42 billion dollars just one step below his elder brothers forty three billion. It was broadly expected that since Ana had control over sundry sectors he would do better than Mukesh in the long run in his quest to further strengthen his hold in this sunrise sector in 2005 Anil bought ad lab films and their chain of theaters big cinemas which by 2008 had become the largest multiplex chain with 700 screens across India and overseas he also signed a 1.2 billion dollar deal with American filmmaker Steven Spielberg’s production company DreamWorks in the same year making some Academy award-winning movies.

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When Anil floated an IPO for Reliance Power it was subscribed in 60 seconds and record for Indian capital markets a Mills flamboyant lifestyle was a fairytale like his proximity to Bollywood celebrities on a loose was my genre program to politicians like Samajwadi parties. Amar Singh who had enough clout to have him nominated as AI onion through by Ambani having being elected as a member of the Rajya Sabha like his bi-weekly helicopter flight from his South Mumbai home to our comms office in Navi Mumbai named Dhirubhai Ambani knowledge seeking or his love for running and fitness which he apparently took up after an American investor.

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Mukesh boasting of the most expensive house in Asia worth 700 million dollars four and a half thousand crore anil planned his own luxurious house aboard also worth about the same amount in Bandra Pali Hill which is still under construction with so much money and attention around it seemed Anil star would shine forever things however did not go as planned relations between the once close brothers that were until then civil Saud instead of renegotiating an old deal in 2010 and Anil took Mukesh to court over the supply price of gas from Reliance Krishna Godavari Basin. Mukesh refused to supply him gas at the contracted price under the terms of the 2005 gas agreement brokered by their mother who Kokila had contracted to supply gas to onions our NRL at two dollars 34 cents per mm BTU even though its price had since risen sharply in international markets but the Supreme Court in accordance with the government’s gas utilization policy fixed the price at four dollars 20 cents per mm BTU in favor of Mukesh as Anil his next hit was in Telecom when our comb was set up they adopted the cheaper CDMA technology. While rivals such as Airtel and Hutch used the more expensive GSM while CDMA was a superior technology at 2g and 3G levels the world was moving towards 4G and beyond which it could not support once the tenure anti-competition clause with his brother lapsed into end Mukesh launched Jio and changed the face of the telecom industry in India within three years of Jio’s launch our comes one point six five lakh crore market capitalisation lost over 98% of its value and eventually went into insolvency proceedings in May 2018 both these were big setbacks for Anil.

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Now his dominoes began to fall one by one in an effort to reduce debt in 2014 Anil sold big cinemas to Carnival for seven hundred and ten crore and two years later parts of his TV and FM radio business to Zee for one thousand eight seventy two crore during his head is Anil to showcase his engineering capability took huge loans to build Mumbai Sea Link and the city’s verso Agard copper Metro both projects done below cost despite things falling all around him. Anil without domain knowledge tried his hand in the defense sector when in 2016 he bought p-pop of marine and offshore engineering so it was no surprise when the diversification failed and the market cap of Papa renamed Reliance navel fell ninety percent in 2019 from a billion dollars to a hundred million the Fuhrer over the Rafael deal in Parliament also added to his woes finally the profit making and cast generating Reliance Energy was sold off to Adani in 2017-18 for 2.5 million$ 18,000 crore took pay off debts loans that Anil defaulted on worth twelve thousand eight hundred crore also played a part in the downfall of yes bank as of December 31st 2019 Anil Ambani telecom naval infrastructure and power businesses have defaulted on loans over 43860 dollars his pile of deaths has also affected his other projects we had the Delhi Metro or power projects in Madhya Pradesh while Mukesh Ambani’s wealth saw ups and downs but remains steady at 43.1 billion$ last year on his fortunes tumbled to 1.7 billion and is reported to be worth less than 1 billion.

Mukesh Ambani House (Image: Business Today)

Anil monies deadly sins poor strategy are calm lost out when 4g came this way known drawback in CDMA pride chasing prestige projects with long returns rather than the bottom line like the ceiling over ambition looking outside of core competence areas like venturing into defense mismanagement taking more loans than the ability to pay in worst case scenarios like our comm navel etc mukesh on the other hand has not only kept a deep focus on his core business but entered two major sunrise sectors retail and telecom through a well-crafted strategy. Anil is not the only one to lose his fortune Ranbaxy is Shiv endure and Melinda Singh lost their ancestral 2 billion empire Ashika then Ravi can through you had to let go their bankrupt Essar Steel to ArcelorMittal VG Siddhartha of coffee cafe day ended his life citing debts and pressure from lenders the rage girl had to step down as chairman of Jet Airways which eventually wound up operations under a debt of 8500 TV mogul Subash Chandra lost his stake in Zee TV due to mounting debt the once billionaire is currently battling a lawsuit by three Chinese banks which are trying to recover 680 million$ they lend to our Comment 2012 debt backed by onions personal guarantee in a further spate of bad luck Reliance Capital the only business which was still doing well also got hit due to global recession after the corona virus epidemic a London Court has now asked him to deposit a hundred million dollars in six weeks but Anil pleaded, “I do not hold any meaningful assets which can be soon to pay them” now that the six week deadline is over and Anil is still out of jail it appears that he had enough personal funds to make the payment after the Jio-Facebook deal big brother Mukesh sauce even higher but with limited resources left the question is what next for Anil Ambani Baseball’s Limerick this is the story of Anil Ambani how his life was once full of glory but his death overloaded and capital eroded what chapters are left in this riveting story.

Dexamethasone- Corona Vaccine Update!!!

Finally some good news today dexamethasone is now being called a major breakthrough based on a recent randomized controlled trial in the UK. Dexamethasone also known as Decadron is an example of a glucocorticoid are sometimes referred to as corticosteroids other examples of glucocorticoids include hydrocortisone methyl prednisolone prednisolone, prednisone beta methazone and triamcinolone so glucocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones that bind to the glucocorticoid receptor in the body cortisol aka hydrocortisone is the glucocorticoid.

We naturally make in our body it’s essential for life it regulates or supports various cardiovascular metabolic and homeostatic functions it also plays a big role in our immune system especially when it comes to reducing certain aspects of inflammation this is why we use them all the time in medicine we sometimes give these steroids for asthma copd rheumatologic type diseases and countless more diseases. Sometimes it is also given for steroids for meningitis and also for some forms of cancer we also give them in the early course of severe ards acute respiratory distress syndrome whether that ards is due to infection such as pneumonia or vaping lung injury or whatever the cause for severe ards we typically give methylprednisolone or solumedral at a dose of one milligram per kilogram per day. So, for most people that ends up being around 80 milligrams per day so this is the equivalent of 15 milligrams of dexamethasone the idea here is to suppress the cytokine storm that has taken place meaning that the massive amount of inflammation that causes lung damage and can indirectly cause damage to other organs as well our body naturally makes cortisol in our adrenal glands specifically in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex the adrenal gland then secretes cortisol into the bloodstream and the cortisol travels to different tissues of the body and then binds to the glucocorticoid receptor inside cells it then stimulates the cell to make more anti-inflammatory proteins and causes the cell to make less pro-inflammatory proteins but giving someone glucocorticoids meaning steroids to someone who has an infection is somewhat of a tricky thing because the fear is that if you suppress the body’s immune system it has the potential to make the infection worse. Sometimes the body’s immune system does more damage than the actual infection for example in cases of meningitis that is due to either streptococcus or tuberculosis we give steroids because the medical evidence shows that they have better outcomes when we do so and giving someone steroids for viral pneumonias like influenza is more controversial because doing so generally leads to worse infection with that said if the viral pneumonia is so bad to the point of causing severe ards most doctors will give steroids in that situation. So this is why, the general medical guidelines so far recommend against giving steroids for covert pneumonia unless the patient has severe ards and we’ve been waiting for randomized controlled trials to come out for steroids in covid and here we are now with this study so in march of 2020 the recovery trial which stands for randomized evaluation of covid-19 therapy was one of the randomized control trials that actually looked at several different potential treatments for covid which included low-dose dexamethasone this trial was done in the UK.

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Over 11 500 patients in it so this trial has not been peer reviewed as of has not been published in the journal yet so everything I know so far is based on what’s been released to the general public in this trial over 2100 patients were randomized to receive dexamethasone specifically six milligrams once per day for 10 days and this group was compared with over 4 300 patients that were randomized to the standard care alone so 6 milligrams of dexamethasone is the equivalent of 32 milligrams of methylprednisolone so this is about half the dose we would typically use for someone with severe ards so among the patients who received standard care alone 20-day mortality was highest in those who required mechanical ventilation this was 41 and then intermediate in those patients who required supplemental oxygen only this was mortality rate of 25 percent and the mortality rate was lowest among those who did not require supplemental oxygen in which that mortality rate was 13 for patients who were on mechanical ventilators dexamethasone reduced mortality from 41 percent to 28 percent for patients who needed supplemental oxygen it reduced mortality from 25 percent to 20 percent and there was no benefit among those patients who do not require supplement oxygen in other words if someone only had mild disease there was no point in giving dexamethasone so based on these results one death would be prevented by the treatment of around eight ventilated patients. So that’s the number needed to treat for ventilated patients and then the number needed to treat for the ones who required supplemental oxygen that number needed to treat would be 25 so these preliminary results are significant but it doesn’t mean that dexamethasone is a miracle drug it’s certainly not a cure but it does seem to help based on these numbers index and methazone could be of huge benefit and not just rich countries but poorer countries as well because this drug is very cheap and is widely available so this is great news and very exciting but there are still a lot of questions that need to be answered like what is the ideal dose should we use higher doses in patients who are mechanically ventilated with ards and when will it be approved for use in the united states and we’ll get these answers pretty soon now another.

person holding petri dish — Photo by Anna Shvets on Pexels.com

Interesting question is should we give decadron dexamethasone to people who have mild disease now even though this study didn’t show any benefit the reason why i bring this up is because some people start out with mild disease and then go on to have moderate or severe disease and we have no way of predicting who goes on to do that and also it happens very quickly lots of times someone could be doing just fine and then all of a sudden within hours they all of a sudden are deteriorating and they have severe disease so should we give those patients decadron regardless is there any harm doing so that’s another question that remains to be seen.

A Story of African Diamonds…

It’s a far cry from the clean, mechanized mines of South Africa, but it’s how much of Africa’s gemstones are mined: men dig by hand in pits, gravel and stream beds, looking for telltale signs of that elusive stone that will make them rich – or at least bring in enough money to sustain them and maybe secure the family’s future. Over one million diggers search for diamonds this way in Africa. They make less than a dollar a day, while the global diamond trade nets an estimated $80 billion a year. But, economic woes are not the only human toll of the gem industry.

In countries like Angola, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Sierra Leone, diamonds were used by armed militias and rebels to fan civil war and inflict misery on the population. These became known as “blood diamonds.” Global Witness was one of the first non-governmental organizations to focus on the issue. Speaking with VOA in London, Annie Dunnebacke says the group set out to document the tragedy of conflict diamonds. “Sierra Leone is one of the most notorious cases where hundreds of thousands of people died as a result of the conflict that saw the eastern part of the country, where the diamond fields are, controlled by the Revolutionary United Front, a rebel group backed by then Liberian president Charles Taylor,” says Dunnebacke. “Horrific destruction and havoc were wreaked, especially upon the civilian population really, because the diamonds represented an economic incentive for the war to continue.”

The horrors of that war shocked the public, especially the scenes of innocent men, women, and children with their limbs cut off by rebels, and youngsters being forced into combat. Efforts to publicize the link between the atrocities, the warlords, and the diamonds paid off.

The movie Blood Diamonds helped. In it, Leonardo DiCaprio plays an ex-mercenary who sells arms to Sierra Leone rebels in exchange for diamonds. In the end, though, he gives up the business and helps publicize the illicit trade. Global Witness was an advisor on the film, and Annie Dunnebacke says it had an impact. “I think bringing the message is sort of Hollywood terms to a much wider audience than possibly our reports get to, it does have value,” she says.

Eventually, international pressure made the diamond industry sit up and listen. In 2003, the Kimberley Process came into being. It requires member governments to certify that exports and imports are free from blood diamonds. Industry associations said they would comply. Tom Tweedy is a spokesman for DeBeers, the world’s largest producer of. He says the Kimberley Process is a good way forward. “We have a system, and however imperfect it may be, it is probably the only comprehensive system of its type in the world,” says Tweedy.

At the World Diamond Center in Antwerp, Director Philip Claes says that before the Kimberley Process, conflict diamonds accounted for 4 to 15 percent of rough diamonds traded worldwide. “Today, conflict diamonds account for only 0.2 percent of all rough diamonds traded worldwide,” says Claes.The emphasis is on certifying the origin of the diamonds to weed out goods traded illegally. Annie Dunnebacke of Global Witness says it’s a good start but there are loopholes.

“There are huge weaknesses ranging obviously from porous borders in African artisanal producing countries and basic lack of infrastructure, corruption, things like this which are stopping the scheme from being implemented effectively, things that encourage a lot of smuggling, cross-border smuggling,” she says. In Johannesburg, diamond trader Janine Chaveau agrees. “I know quite a few people who are multi-millionaires who have never dealt in legal diamonds,” she says, “it’s always been illegal, blood diamonds.”

Chaveau says she has been offered many undocumented diamonds. She says if they don’t have papers, she doesn’t touch them. But, it’s not just diamonds that are causing trouble. More than 90 percent of the world’s rubies come from Burma, a poor country with a military government that controls the sale of gems. The trade helps maintain the government in power. Human rights activists are working to tighten sanctions against Burmese rubies. But, like with diamonds, the potential profits are large and many are willing to look the other way.

Rights activists are hoping consumers will start to ask more questions of the jewelers to make sure that the gemstone they buy is not sullied by anguish and blood.

How to open a Franchise without money- US…

let’s talk about to open a franchise with no money so the first thing you can do, if you want to open a franchise with no money down is go to your friends and family look. I understand that that’s something that you may not want to do sometimes that’s a toughest conversation asking friends and family for money but I would assume if you’re willing to open a franchise and you have some skill sets you have a certain level of intelligence and a certain level of ambition so assuming that you have a good reputation and a good rapport with your friends and family then that’s the first place that you can go to get money to fund your franchise.

hamburger and fries photo — Photo by Jonathan Borba on Pexels.com

Now when you’re approaching them for the money it’s important to be tactical and strategic about it and you don’t just say hey! can I borrow ten thousand dollars can I borrow twenty thousand dollars can I have fifty thousand dollars you have to go into it strategically so go into it with a business plan this is the franchise that I want to buy this is the amount of money that I need to get started this is a lot the amount of money that I think I will make with the franchise this is the time period which I can pay the money back to you and get on that loan repayment plan, another way to approach getting money from feds and friends and family to fund your franchise is to ask them to be a partner with you so although they may not want to work in the franchise themselves maybe they’re more willing to give you money or lend you money for the franchise if they are an owner or an investor with you so maybe you’re the one that runs the franchise and you handle the day-to-day operations the sales managing the staff managing the overall business and they get a percentage of the profits as a way of paying them back.

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The next way that you can fund a franchise is to get a loan and before you read about that real quick with the franchise so now in getting a loan to open a franchise business it’s important to note that one you’re going to need to have good credit and two you’re going to need to have an income that can support paying back. The loan and three the likelihood is you are still going to need money for the down payment on that loan if you get us an SBA loan which is Small Business Administration they require a minimum of 10% down from you in order to fund that business so what does that mean if you need $100,000 for your franchise business then that means you need to come up with $10,000 in order to here that loan so the question is how will you come up with that $10,000 and there’s a number of options that we’ll go over in a second of how you can do that one way you can do that is what we already talked about which is getting money from friends or family it’s so even with the Small Business Administration having a ten percent minimum requirement that you have to put towards the loan in order to open a business.

white and blue come on in we ere open signage — Photo by Tim Mossholder on Pexels.com

Most lenders that issue SBA loans are going to require anywhere from 20% to 30% in order for you to secure that loan so again in that example if you’re looking to open up a business that’s a total of $100,000 you’re going to have to figure out a way to come up with twenty to thirty thousand dollars in order to secure that loan and so in a second I’m going to tell you about a strategy of exactly how you can do that without having to ask your friends or family for money another way that you can fund a franchise without having any money so to say is seeing if you have any 401k or retirement plans now as someone who has managed over a hundred million dollars over the course of career as a financial advisor typically. I would not recommend for someone to take money out of their 401k and that’s not what I’m recommending to you. So, I want to make sure that you get that clear because there are severe penalties and tax consequences that you should consult the tax advisor about but there are ways that you can leverage your 401k so if you’re still working with your employer you can take out a loan against your 401k in order to fund a business and when you take out a loan there’s one thing that you have to be very careful about the thing that you have to be careful about is that if you leave that employer and you have an outstanding loan they are going to make you repay that loan within a certain period of time usually it’s 60 days if that is the case if you don’t come up with the money and repay the loan for the 401k they count it as an early distribution you’re going to have to pay taxes on that money depending upon if it’s a pre-tax 401k and you may have to pay some penalties. 2 guys opened up first location they were going to need 300 just over $300,000 in order to get first location open so they had a significant equity in their home at that time and want to went ahead and apply for a home equity loan they secured a three hundred and ten thousand dollar home equity loan use that home equity loan to fund the business and to pay for the business about a year or so later they actually wind up moving they sold their house the home equity loan was paid for paid off and now they own the franchise in the business completely outright don’t have any loans on the business and then the last way that you can potentially buy or open a franchise with absolutely no money is to talk to the franchiser again it’s not about the resources it’s about your resourcefulness so it never hurts to ask them and to make a pitch if you’re truly excited and confident about the opportunity.

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It’s not stress that kills us, it is our reaction to it.

Stress name is enough to load stress on the human mind, however, every person in this world had passed through stress, but the beautiful thing is that how people can handle it and overcome from it, stress is a part of the human mind and Stress is a feeling of emotional or physical tension. It can come from any event or thought that makes you feel frustrated, angry, or nervous. Stress is your body’s reaction to a challenge or demand. In short bursts, stress can be positive, such as when it helps you avoid danger or meet a deadline, it totally depends on the human action on how we can handle positively or negatively by committing a crime or by suicide.

However, our whole life is full of stress, from birth to till death, like after having a birth people start taking decision regarding the future life, when we enter the school at the time teachers and faculty give homework and assignment to finish from home if we don’t complete it, have to face parents, so, we have this stress, further, 10th and 12th exam pass out stress, yet when we pass 12th anyhow, graduation and post-graduation stress, and latest job and marriage stress, at the end of the life stress of pain and diseases. But the major thing is that many people do not wait for old age they lost their life by suicide, their mind and heart are not enough strong to handle the load or not mentally prepare for further future.

In addition, our education system also have fault like they give dept education of History, science, maths, languages and many more, but they do not give lessons on how to handle depression, anxiety and stress, by organizing I.T. fair or science fair student only enjoy, it affects only a few hours. But organizing a stress relief program where students can understand how to handle any life turning modes. After completing the study, people try to find jobs or developing their business, but after a long struggle some get success or many get a failure, and that is the major turn of life if any person handles well, they get the real success in life.

Many famous celebrities are renown by their comeback from stress like famous cricketers Yuvraj Singh, and famous actor Akshay Kumar and Nawazuddin Siddiqui both belong to small and poor families but now every nook and corner people know them. However, in the year between 2009 to till date, around more than 100 celebrities commit suicide in that list include Stephanie Adams, Chester Bennington, David Berman, Joseph Brooks, David Buckel, Malik Bendjelloul and many more they all are from Hollywood, but recently a well-known actor Sushant Singh Rajput committed suicide it just bingeing of the journey and he did a great job by acting as lead actor in MS Dhoni the untold story, Kedarnath, Detective Byomkesh Bakshy!, and Chhichhore.

In Chhichhore, done a great job and he delivered a beautiful line “Hum haar jeet, success failure mein itna ulajh gaye hai … ki zindagi jeena bhool gaye hai … zindagi mein agar kuch sabse zyada important hai … toh woh hai khud zindagi” and by considering this line many failures get motivation and done grate thing in the life, but the lead actor committed suicide, which is not relevant, he has to share his problems with family or friends, he definitely gets a solution and he still present with us.

there are some exercise to overcome from it like, Yoga, Qigong, Walking, Gardening, Dancing, Circuit Training, play Tennis or do some boxing whit pillow on the wall, this all help to relieve stress. nowadays the best way to come out stress is by doing a party or hanging out with friends.

So, considering this all thing, give value to your life, and enjoy your life.

R.I.P. Sushant Singh Rajput

MANAGEMENT

Management has become an important Economic organ of the present industrial society. Every person in the world from the family head to the prime minister of the country or from the worker to the Managing director of a Joint-stock company is busy in managing different types of affairs that he has to perform in discharging his/her entrusted duties. Management is the coordination of human and physical resources towards the attainment of objectives. By managing different activities, we can best utilize our available scarce resources. As the mind of a person controls his activities, similarly management controls the business organization, men, machines, and materials in getting the work accomplished.

TRADITIONAL AND MODERN CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT

Management is related to the dynamic process of establishing objectives of the organization, harnessing and coordinating its human as well as other resources, and ultimately to the attainment of goals. It is a process of creating a creating conducive environment for humanitarian efforts, to reach the organization’s goals effectively and efficiently. According to C.S George who describes management as “Management is a distinct process consisting of planning, organizing, actuating and controlling, performed to determine and accomplish the objectives by the use of people and resources” Traditional concept of management restricted management to getting things done.

According to the modern view, management covers a wide range of business-related activities. According to modern thinkers, “Management is a process of an activity a discipline and an effort to coordinate, control and direct individuals and group efforts towards attaining the cherished goal of the business”. Another aspect of management is presented by Harold Koontz and O’ Donnell, “Management is the art of getting things done through and with the help of a formally organized group”. To be more specific, to manage is to forecast and to plan, to organize, to command, and to control.

CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT

Management is a set of functions directed at the efficient utilization of the resources in the pursuit of organizational goals. To be more specific, to manage is to forecast and to plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate, and to control. To foresee means examining the future and drawing up the plan of action. To organize means building up the dual structure, material, and human of the undertaking. To command means maintaining activity among the personal. To coordinate means binding together, unifying, and harnessing all activities and efforts. To control means seeing that everything occurs in conformity with the established rules and expressed command. By efficient utilization of resources using resources wisely and in a cost-efficient manner. By effectiveness, we mean making the right decisions and successfully implementing them. Efficiency and Effectiveness are interrelated, for instance, it is easier to be effective if one ignores efficiency. The effect of good management is nothing short of remarkable. Take an under-performing-even chaotic-organization and install a skilled manager and him/she soon can have the enterprise humming like a well-tuned machine. Studies have shown that 90 percent of the business fail generally due to poor management.

Dear- Indian education system…

Dear Indian Education System… I have decided to take a huge step, But, before that, you guys need to know a lot of things about me. I used to score amazing till std 10^th when I scored well, leave alone my parents, all my friends, neighbors, shopkeepers… Even the watchman of my building started to say ” You are going to take Science. You will be an engineer” no. Don’t get me wrong. I don’t dislike Science. Science is beautiful science is the ultimate truth but when I came in Std 10^th the half-interested teachers in my school and coaching institute didn’t teach Science at all! All they taught was how to solve maximum number of MCQs in a given time, like a robot that killed the beauty of Science sir. And that Physic’s topper of my class He didn’t believe that evolution actually happened He just wanted to solve maximum number of MCQs So much obsession with Science.

accomplishment ceremony education graduation — Photo by Pixabay on Pexels.com

India hasn’t won a single Nobel Prize in Science Since Independence Nobel Prizes are just “awards” , you’ll say India produces the maximum number of engineers per year Yet, India ranks 60^th in the Global Innovation Index that means no major innovation has happened since Independence, all we keep saying is “Aryabhatta invented Zero” to be honest, after 10th, I wanted to study Physics, Graphic Designing, Coding, History, Music and English Literature Why couldn’t the evaluation of my intelligence and calibers be on the basis of these subjects? Why should’ve I wasted my time studying subjects I didn’t want to study? So, I left the damn coaching institute, used to get out of my home during coaching hours and used to read novels in the park, see new places to be honest, I felt free It felt good not to be a zombie I learnt graphic designing on my own I listened to some beautiful music by Mozart and Rahman I read Poetry, I taught myself Python, and I read some amazing write-ups on various topics of Physics I am taking a huge step. I am dropping out no not because Steve Jobs, Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg are drop-outs, not because being a “dropout” is cool, and neither it is because of the frustration of failing.

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Dear Indian Education System I am dropping out simply because you do not make any sense and now, you’ll ask me, who will give me a job? Who will feed me? I believe somewhere somebody is there who’ll see my skills. Will value my creativity. Who will value my intelligence, not my CGPA Yes, I failed. but I know there is a lot to do, observe, and learn only my marksheet says that I can’t do anything but I know I will do something good.

an amazing writeup by FMF.

Always be aware of Agents.

Everyone is aware of the name Agents, but here is the clear definition of the Agent, An agent, in legal terminology, is a person who has been legally empowered to act on behalf of another person or an entity. An agent may be employed to represent a client in negotiations and other dealings with third parties. we came across each and every time in any sector whether it is heath, finance, banking, and even education also have agents to get admission in schools and colleges.

There are four types of agents Sales agents, distributors, and Licensing agents

Sales agents :

This type of agent is probably a self-employed sole trader ‘on the road’ selling a range of reproductions, ready-framed pictures, greetings cards and gifts on behalf of perhaps four businesses and/or artists. Sales agents handle sales but do not contribute to other marketing or production costs. They pay for their own car, petrol, hotel bills and insurance. Many sales agents expect financial back-up from their artists in the form of a promotional program (advertisements, mailshots, trade fair stands, etc.), and offering this kind of back-up is a good way for an artist to attract one of the better agents.

Distributors :

Distributors are companies rather than individuals, and they tend to cover the whole country. They are often successful sales agents who have developed into larger concerns employing sales agents of their own. Distributors normally work to develop a corporate image. They have their own marketing programs involving advertising, stands at exhibitions, trade showrooms, catalogs, etc.

Licensing agents :

These agents negotiate licensing deals with print and card publishers, porcelain manufacturers, and giftware companies. Good licensing agents should be able to negotiate better terms and have a wider range of contacts than artists representing themselves, even taking their commissions into account. Some publishing companies, however, will only deal with artists direct. Many print publishers and gallery owners also act as licensing agents for their artists.

Each and every company have agents, which provide the market trend by applying the charges and more, every person, who has a mobile phone they sometimes had experience regarding agents, who tried to sell their policy of life insurance and give home loan and car loan, they always have a target to finish and they get the commissions on each and every person. the same thing happened in the banking sector, when a bank does not grow properly then they hire agents and they sign an agreement to sell credit card and invest money on real estate.

If we look in the education sector whenever any student does not get admission to schools or college, they contact an agent and pay the fees to them and agent cut their commission and give the donation to the education trust then students get admission. the same thing happens in abroad admission when student wont completes their education abroad at that time they contact the agent to get admission in foreign university or college, However, parents also ready to spend their whole money on that thing, sometimes by luck student get admission at the same time agent charge high to the student’s parents, but when a student does not get money back from abroad after rejection on the filing process, then agents do not ready to accept their mistake and also charge same and they do not give the proper answer to the student regarding the money-back process.

So, any person who tries to apply abroad for any purpose like study visa, tourist visa or P.R., please clarify the rules of overseas government and immigration or search online because all countries have a website regarding rules and regulation regarding enter in their country, moreover on social media platform like Youtube also many people from abroad, who keep update us regarding changing immigration rules.

thanks for reading.

State of CHILD LABOUR in the world!

On the rising population there is also rise in demand of family members related to commodities. Many of the family don’t even get 2 meals per day! there is lack of only one thing and that is money. It is said that

“Empty stomach can make you to do anything”

To fill the stomach people can do anything especially when they have family to feed. Now-a-days the crises and cruelty has increased drastically that alone 1 man cannot feed the all 4 members in the lower labour section. So, unwillingly all the family members had to work at the field and contribute some money towards family to sleep without an empty stomach at night.

a photo of a hardworking man — Photo by Tope A. Asokere on Pexels.com

There are many schemes released by government to stop the child labour like making primary education almost free for poor children along with mid-day meal to them so that they do not have to crave for the meals and keep focus on the study, they are also regularly checked by medical if there is any weakness in any of the student. National Child Labour Project (NCPL) is a central government branch which takes strict actions against child labour and works at the best to resist this act. According to UNICEF, India with the highest amount of population has also high number of child labour cases under the age of 14 and 1% of it i.e. approx 1,20,000 are forced to engage in hazardous jobs.

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Image source: Jatinverma.org

Every year on the day of 12 June it is marked as Anti-Child labour day to draw the attention on the issue of child labour. Every year there is different themes on this day:

In 2020 the theme was “Protect children from child labour, now more than ever”.
In 2019 the theme was “Children shouldn’t work in fields, but on dreams”.
In 2018 the theme was “Generation safe and Healthy”.
IN 2017 the theme was “In conflicts and disasters, protect children from child labour”.
In 2016 the theme was “End child labour in supply chains – It’s everyone’s business!”.
In 2015 the theme was “NO to child labour – YES to quality education!”.

Now the matter is not just to put it to one day and on a piece of paper, it’s a world wide conflict and has to be somehow resolved. Every year various types of acts and event are performed by students of schools, college and NGOs too, but this year digitally the message was forwarded as due to lockdown and pandemic situation rallies, etc cannot be held.

“Why had his mother gone to the trouble of bringing him into the world if the most exciting moment in his life was having been made lame by a bayonet?” -Félix J. Palma

Let us have some stats:

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Image source: Al Jazeera

INDUSTRIAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION OF INDIA (IFCI)

IFCI was the first industrial financing institution to be set up in India soon after independence. It was set up as a statutory corporation in July 1948 under the Industrial finance corporation of India Act 1948. It has now been converted into a joint-stock company with effect from July 1, 1993, under the Companies Act, 1956 because there was a high NPA increase and it was causing a huge loss to the government and now IFCI is a Non-banking finance company in the finance sector. IFCI is a company currently listed in NSE and BSE and currently has seven subsidiaries and one associate. Currently, it is allowed to access the capital markets only. IFCI has financed various projects such as airports, roads, telecom, power, real estate, manufacturing, services sector, and such other allied industries. During its financing term, it has financed mega-projects like Adani Mundra Ports, GMR Goa International Airport, Salasar Highways, NRSS Transmission, Raichur Power Corporation, and many more projects. The Government of India has placed a fund of Rs 200 crore with IFCI to promote entrepreneurship among the Scheduled Castes and to provide finance to these entrepreneurs at concessional rates.

OBJECTIVES OF IFCI

The main purpose or objective of IFCI is “to make medium and long-term credits more readily available to industrial concerns in India, particularly in circumstances where normal banking accommodations are inappropriate or recourse to capital methods is impracticable”. IFCI provides financial assistance for the setting up of new ventures as well as for the modernization and expansion of existing enterprises. It gives priority to the dispersal of money to the industry, development of backward areas, etc. It pays special attention to the following types of projects:

Projects located in backward areas.
Projects based on indigenous technology.
Projects likely to meet the growing demand for essential commodities.
Projects promoted by new entrepreneurs and technocrats.
Projects having potential for export and import substitution.
Projects that provide plant and machinery, fertilizers, pesticides, and other inputs for agriculture.

FUNCTIONS OF IFCI

IFCI grants loans and advances to or subscribing to debentures of industrial concerns repayable within 25 years and these loans are guaranteed with the central government, loans raised from, or credit arrangements made by industrial concerns with any bank or financial institution outside India. The loans are raised by industrial concerns from the capital market, scheduled banks, or co-operatives, which are repayable within 25 years.IFCI underwrites the issue of shares sad debentures by industrial concerns that be disposed of within 7 years. IFCI provides guarantees for deferred payments for imports of capital goods manufactured in India.

IFCI acts as an agent of the central government and the world bank when loans are sanctioned by them to industrial concerns in India and subscribing directly to the shares of industrial concerns. IFCI also provides a guarantee in the foreign market for the purchase of capital goods. So, IFCI may act as a consultancy, in issue house, an underwriting agency, and a credit agency. IFCI is not merely a lending agency but has assumed the role of a development bank.

Businesses that are majorly affected!!!

In the pandemic situation where the world seeks a miracle of vaccines, there are many business that came to halt or even they are going to be shut soon. Currently the major task of ours is to stop the spreading of corona virus. It is wisely said “If there is Health there is Wealth”. First we need to cope up with the pandemic situation and then business can be again built, if we stay alive.

CNBC Global CFO survey says that 40% of the business are facing the problem in transportation of the goods and it is expected that it would take more 5-6 months to start and run normally (25% of them said 6 months and other would take a long than that).

intermodal container stacked on port — Photo by Samuel Wölfl on Pexels.com

“Nobody knows. The economic issues are totally driven by public health issues. You tell me how long we will be at home and I will tell you how long it will take for the economy and supply chains to recover.”

-words of Yossi Sheffi, Professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the director of the MIT Center for Transportation and Logistics. Yossi Sheffi further says, if we want to build our business again as soon as possible than there is only one way out to do this and that is to join the war again corona virus and defeat it as early as possible, this epic war is started by many of the companies with their different types of help they can provide, like wise:

Auto manufacturers like Tesla and GM motors are providing ventilators to the hospital.

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(Image source: LosAngelesTimes)

Apple and Facebook are the largest in supplying protective mask in the U.S.

woman in face mask using smartphone — Photo by Anna Shvets on Pexels.com

HanesBrands in contract with US federal government has decided to make cotton mask when the use of N-95 mask will be minimum. They decided to make 1.5 million mask weekly, and further if needed can go upto 5-6 million mask per week.

close up of face masks — Photo by Karolina Grabowska on Pexels.com

The supply chain is completely disturb there is over manufacturing as there is no one to load and unload the trucks. Border shipping is still allowed but shipping through overseas it still a major concern. There will be also huge disturb in supply chain of for pre-planned Indian weddings, as now weddings are postponed or might be done in simple way, the business related to it like party plots, wedding photographers, ca tress, decorators, wedding materials, transportation, apparels and even small-small business related to it. A single event covers many business so all the business are affected largely.

group of people gathering inside room — Photo by Vireshstudio photographer on Pexels.com

The business of theater and restaurant are also at halt, which may cause a major set back as there are many of the workers working in restaurant it self. In film industry too many of the workers are engaged.

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HOW MUCH THE CORONA OUTBREAK HAD AFFECTED OUR ECONOMY

COVID-19 cases in India have crossed 200000 mark and death toll crossed 8,000. First Corona case was reported in Wuhan in China on 31^st December of 2019. Then it started spreading all over the world. Very swiftly it became a pandemic from an epidemic. Currently more than 200 countries and territories have been reported with novel corona virus pandemic. The corona outbreak has badly affected the world in many ways. The education system, social structure and specially the world economy have got severely affected by this pandemic. Even the first world countries are also suffering. Our country is a third world country which is also badly affected by this virus.

Corona Virus is a new kind of virus which has not been found in human body ever before. It is a large family of viruses that causes illness in human body and the symptoms are very ordinary such as fever, sneezing, respiratory problems etc. Many people are being diagnosed with this virus, who are not even showing any kind of symptoms. The doctors and the scientists are really working extremely hard to provide the vaccine as soon as possible. If the vaccine or medicine can not come any soon, many countries’ economy will be fully destroyed.

The impact of the pandemic has been felt across the industries and the outbreak got declared as a national emergency. Indian economy has got severely affected by this pandemic. The Indian government had issued the first lockdown on 25^th March. The lockdown was necessary so that we can stop community spread of the virus in India. But due to the lockdown many business companies are suffering a lot. The poor people who do not have a stable job have lost their livelihoods since they do not have anything to earn anymore. So many poor people and migrant workers took their lives out of depression since they lost their jobs and have nothing to do anymore.

The well to do or the big companies are also suffering and struggling a lot to save their economy in this lockdown. The employers are not getting their salary to provide salary to their employees. So that some of the companies are eliminating some of their employees from the companies to reduce the load of clearing their payment. Some of the companies are even working in this pandemic because they have no options left for them, if they do not work the entire company can collapse. Many jobs are at high risk in this corona outbreak.

Though the government employees are getting their salary inspite of not working on site, there is no certainty how long they will be provided with this facility. Some of the government jobs are also at really high risk. After the government announced the economic package, some of the business sectors got some relief but there are still companies which are still suffering. If not very soon any relief fund is initiated or if they do not get the permission to work on sites then these companies will completely collapse, which will badly affect our economic system.

Importance of INTERNSHIPS for college students!!!

In the world full of competitors to be successful student/businessman etc. should have a different approach. They need do things which have already less participants. It would be best if none of the competitors are present, it doesn’t mean you have to do very odd thing. Everyone needs a better lifestyle and a proper career so that they can live luxurious life with the family, for that we have to start at early as possible and gain the maximum experience. There are many of the websites nationally and internationally that provide work to college students as in the name of freelancers some of the popular sites are:

1- Internshala

2- LetsINTERN

3- LinkedIN

4- GlassDoor

5- Hello Intern

6- Twenty19

7- AngelList

8- Indian Internships

9- Oyster Connect

10- Interlelo

The above listed Internship site are the popular one yet there are many more to be listed.

Internships not only make a student financial independent at college life but it plays a very important role as while on last year of college it boost the CV and the chances of selection in your dream company gets increased by 10 folds.
Internship help a student start to build a professional network that can be a resource for the student.
Internship also help student to decide a second option of career and also can make it as a part-time works on his professional job.
Many companies are in search of students who have already completed an internship related to professional job which will also help student to do the work which is of his choice and already experienced on it.
Internships provide a great impact on confidence of the student which will help a lot in the actual job.
Students gain knowledge and get aware on how to talk with superior person, how to keep conversation on and most importantly how to influence anybody with the power of the words.
Students also get hands on to manage the task assigned. They also get to know to give a separate time table to each task and mange the workflow while studying.
They get the professional guidance even if they fail to mange the task as the internship provider cannot force any student and they encourage the student on compilation of task.

This are the most benifits of the Internship…Hope it will be helpful.

If you are in college and not having any internship, than go for it…It will prove helpful in the future.

Will India have SUPERPOWERS like USA?

The world is almost ruled by powerful countries like USA, China, Japan, Russia etc. and its none of the wonder that developed countries are helping as well as exploiting the developing countries. Developing countries like India, Pakistan, Srilanka and many more… are mostly dependent on the developed countries, but the biggest question arises will India be list of the superpower countries by 2050. The answer would be yes, but unfortunately due to pandemic situation that number will rise to 2055-2060 because India faced a major setback due to this and also India build a strong relation with other countries with help of our respected Prime Minister sir. Let us look out which factors are going to help to build a nation with superpowers:

1- Economic growth

Chinese economy is based on foreign investment, while India is growing based on a more local economic sector. So if we look in future i.e. after 30-40 India will overtake as it is very slow process. We know very well that many MNCs have begun to invest tremendously in India and has started to rely on Indian engineers for their next generation products. Companies like GM, Boeing, Motorola and many others have begun to build their Research and Development facilities and Asian headquarters in India. They see more potential on Indian market. If India is able to maintain this steady growth, it can definitely become 2nd largest economy by 2050.

money bills currency euros — Photo by Dom J on Pexels.com

3) Military power

India stands on 4th rank in terms of defense with the budget of 54 billion $ and 13L+ army man. India has a total of 2,102 aircrafts and a naval strength of 295 and is ready to tackle any military emergency. India is gaining new technology and ideas from world and also our DRDO is working very efficient like wise India adopted 5th generation fighter plane from Russia and Defense Drone technology from USA and other technology too from Israel. Therefore if India increases the defense budget in next 3-4 decades, specially in Air force and cyber and New technology than India definitely can handle any worse situation.

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Image source: economictimes.com

3- Diplomacy and international relations

India’s Diplomacy is standing at a good potions no matter still there are many internal disputes but in the eyes of world India is at a better place. India is able to maintain relation with foreign countries in a stable and steady manner which will ultimately help the people of India. In the coming years India will be able to maintain permanent seat in UN Security Council which will be biggest achievement in diplomatic point of view.

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Image source: Kosha group

4) Population

India has highest number of fresh minds, they are handled correctly with innovative and interesting education system than none of the country can stop India to be listed in top 5 countries. Youth is the biggest asset of India and no other country has this much amount of youth in their population. In the coming years, some of the strong nations of the world will face problem of decrease in populations and this will lead to, a decline in workforce, India will face no such problem.

India’s education system need to be modified a bit and student instead of memorizing theories, they should be taught to learn and understand the concept. The subject related to entrepreneurship should be added at early age so that they get knowledge of business at early age which would help them and ultimately help the nation.

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Image source: Indiannewsonweb.com

5- Science and Technology

India has greatest potential yet to be showed to the world in the field of science and technology. New and new startups are evolving around us day by day and that will help a lot. Our scientist proved that India can even complete the mission on a budget of bollywood movie. India is also 4th country to land on the moon. India is emerging slowly in the field of software and will create a great impact in the near future.

creative internet computer display — Photo by Markus Spiske on Pexels.com

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R.I.P. Sushant Singh Rajput

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Distributors :

Licensing agents :

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OBJECTIVES OF IFCI

FUNCTIONS OF IFCI

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