Day: September 29, 2021
How to Find Best Journal for Mathematics in Scopus with Current Indexing
International Conference on Business and Social Sciences 2021
International Conference on Business and Social Sciences 2021 will accept the papers in the fifteen thematic areas with multiple research approaches and methodologies. This includes the papers on specific management areas ranging from accounting through economics and banking to general management and marketing and the methodologies ranging from hypothetic-deductive approaches through qualitative case studies to critical theorisations.
Also, conference associated journals entertain the papers with trans-disciplinary flavors, including the ones addressing the issues in the areas ranging from education through psychology to political science and culture and society, and drawing on these each other’s discipline. Hence, the conference provides a platform for wide-ranging issues, which captures contemporary developments in business, management and the social sciences within which a wide range of networking opportunities can be nurtured for the advancement of future research and global collaboration. This approach is now vital in research endeavours as business, management and education practices are…
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REGARDING CORRECT CERTIFICATE FROM EDUINDEX
From few days I am writing emails to give me certificate of date 16 june to 16 july. since month of july i am doing so but AGAIN and AGAIN I am rcieving wrong certificate. I need to prepare summer internship report. i cant attach wrong certificate. This is my last option to write here. I am in a complusion otherwise I would have not written here.
Its my humble request to everyone who is reading it please like . So that it can come in front of the team.
And if team you are reading this please prepare a certificate from the 16 june to 16 july. In my offer letter too you have mentioned same date. COMMENT ME IF YOU HAVE PREPARED. I WILL SEND U DETAILS.
I am quite depressed with such an unlawful behaviour.
Good Vibes Only
Vibes are natural. They can be so easily faked by certain overly positive phrases similar to the title, that it becomes more difficult for us to experience sadness as just another part of our lives. Sadness is a valid emotional state. Let no post, quote or smiling person tell you it’s not
You see, juices too have the tag ‘Natural’ written in front of the tetra packets with a huge list of ingredients at the back. Good vibes is sold in somewhat a similar manner. ‘Good vibes only’ written in the front with tons of unsolved situations, sadness, depression, melancholy hiding behind.
But their Intentions are good,right?
Yes, just like the beauty brands which have good and pure intentions. Just like beauty brands want you to feel good and look good by using THEIR products, THEIR way and THEIR standards. Just like the whispering about how you should look to be perceived as glamourous behind the simple phrases like ‘Look good, feel good, be you’.
‘Good vibes only’ is a phrase which has become overly common on social media platforms. ‘Good Vibes’ are possible but ‘Only’ is less of a motivational advice and more of a ‘This is how you should feel’. On careful observation you will find it to be a sweet manipulation. And we buy it! So they sell it.
Just like we change ourselves little by little by falling for this fake goodness, we also remain unaware of the term called ‘mental health’. Even the well known writers were not born with good vibes pouring from them. It was their sadness, hurdles, frustrations,teenage,failures and gloomy days which had built them up.
Self Help Books promote good vibes too. What about them?
They promote good vibes while also putting forward the lesson that it cannot be achieved in a day. The writers often give a piece of their own past lifestyles while explaining the change in them or by mentioning the journey of some other renowned personality’s life. In the books it is often directly or indirectly mentioned how failures and hurdles help you understand the difference between wants and needs. Pleasure and purpose. Wrong and right. To be or to do.
The self help books are like a manual to an improved life. Sometimes our obsession to be positive makes us buy tons of self help books. But honestly, you need one, two or maximum three authors to know HOW to be positive. Such books are rather a process put forward which can help us be positive rather than a huge command asking us to BE POSTIVE straightaway.
So, we should be sad?
We should enjoy that emotion equally. In my previous article I had mentioned how you should accept your emotions. Its okay to feel how you feel. Its okay to have mental disorders. Its okay to be cynical. Its okay to be pessimist.
Feedback is necessary to improve yourselves. You get judged once, you ignore it and you may ignore it even after few more judgements regarding the same aspect of yours. But when many people will point that same aspect of yours again and again, you will know that there is indeed something wrong about it. That is how you understand where you need to improve. That is when you may start self introspection. Asking for feedback or getting unwanted feedbacks is not a pleasant experience. It never is. So what? You will cut them of? You will perceive them as someone who is jealous of you? Someone who eludes bad vibes?
In such a case you need to understand that your ‘good vibes’ is being fueled by ego. Surround yourself with people who do judge you. Sometimes you effortlessly get surrounded by such people. Sometimes, that is what even true friends do. They point it out on your face. We do need a second person’s perspective of us to know ourselves better.
Inferiority complex, depression, anxiety, panic attacks cannot be shut by putting a poster of ‘Good vibes only’ on your face. It will make you burst like an atom bomb.
Body Positivity
Body positivity is a real good campaign but imagine, a person who is sitting and chomping on food the entire day goes around singing slogans of body positivity and shouting at anyone who advices him to live a healthier lifestyle. That is how these posts effect us.
Accept yourself the way you are. True. Indeed. But improve yourself if there is truly a necessity. Be a better version of yourself. In the above example about the food chomper, the concept of ‘Body Is A Temple’ is a rather suitable advice.
Good vibes and Empathy
Good vibes is sympathy. When someone is sharing their story and if you put motivational speech in their head, they will either feel worse or leave you with your dearest vibes. Empathy is rather assuring them that its okay to feel the way they feel. Empathy is helping them to accept their situation,emotions,thoughts and present condition while sharing your own story to them. Everyone has a story. It’s the negative which makes the positive
Good Vibes and Happiness are same, right?
You mean, is mental peace and happiness same? Yes, they are. Being at peace with yourself takes years. It is a very difficult process. We are not saints. Once you are at peace with yourself, you will feel content. Self contention.
Happiness is not smiling and going here and there to tell everyone that ‘ Hey, I am positive. Feel my Vibes’. Happiness is enjoyment. It can be in public or private. Loud or quiet. A party or a book. A diamond or just a cup of tea. It depends. Happiness is based on your perspective. When you are content with yourself, you do elude positive vibes. You do not even need to wear a ‘Good Vibes Only’ t-shirt to communicate it to others.
Good vibes are not wrong. They are never wrong. But it is not achieved by hiding your pains, ignoring them or just imprisoning them behind your teeth while you put a big smile on your face
Large Hadron Collider-the world’s largest machine
The smallest thing that we can see with a light microscope is about 500 nano-meters. A typical atom is anywhere from 0.1 to 0.5 nano-meters in diameter. So we need an electron microscope to measure these atoms. The electron microscope was invented in 1931. Beams of electrons are focused on a sample. When they hit it, they are scattered, and this scattering is used to recreate an image. Then what about protons or neutrons? Or what about quarks? The quarks are the most fundamental building blocks of matter. So how did we find such small particles exist? The answer is a particle collider. A particle collider is a tool used to accelerate two beams of particles to collide since 1960s.
The largest machine built by man, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is a particle accelerator occupying an enormous circular tunnel of 27 kilometres in circumference, ranging from 165 to 575 feet below ground. It was situated near Genoa, Switzerland. It is so large that over the course of its circumference crosses the border between France and Switzerland. That’s the giant collaboration going on between over 100 countries and 10,000 scientists. The tunnel itself was constructed between 1983 and 1988 to house another particle accelerator, the Large Hadron Collider, which operated until 2000, its replacement, the LHC, was approved in 1995, and was finally switched on in September 2008.
Working of the Large Hadron Collider
The LHC is the most powerful particle accelerator ever built and has designed to explore the limits of what physicists refer to as the standard Model, which deals with fundamental sub-atomic particles. There are two vacuum pipes are installed inside the tunnel which intersects in some places and 1,232 main magnets are connected to the pipe. For proper operation, the collider magnets need to be cooled to -271.3 °C. To attain this temperature, 120 tons of liquid helium is poured into the LHC. These powerful magnets can accelerate protons near the speed of light, so they can complete a circuit in less than 90 millionths of a second. Two beams operate in opposite directions around the ring. At four separate points the two beams cross, causing protons to smash into each other at enormous energies, with their destruction being witnessed by super-sensitive instruments. But it’s not that easy to do this experiment. Each beam consists of bunches of protons and most of the protons just miss each other and carry on around the ring and do they it again. Because, atoms are mostly empty space, so getting them to collide is incredibly difficult. It’s like colliding a needle into a needle, provided that the distance between them is 10 kilometres.
The aim of these collisions is to produce countless new particles that stimulate, on a micro scale, some of the conditions postulated in the Big Bang at the birth of the universe. Higgs Boson was discovered with the help of LHC. This so called ‘God Particle’ that could be responsible for the very existence of mass. If it disappeared, all particles in the universe will become absolutely weightless and fly around the universe in the speed of light (299,792,458 m/s). that means we can reach our moon in 1.3 seconds from earth.
“When you look at a vacuum in a quantum theory of fields, it isn’t exactly nothing.” – Peter Higgs
Violence Against Women
By – Supriya
Indian women are equally vulnerable to domestic violence. While a total of 75930 cases were reported in the country in 2007 with an increase of 20.3% over 2006, the world statistics of domestic violence reveals around 960000 incidents of violence, against current or former partners every year. The statistics are alarming and smoking . One must remember that these are the reported cases. There are a host of other instances of violence which go unreported due to fear of further violence, social stigma or even death. Violent crimes against women have been on an increase especially in the capital city – Delhi.
THANKYOU
WHAT IS CRYPTOCURRENCY?
Cryptocurrency
is basically a virtual currency that is not possible to imitate. The
‘cryptocurrency’ is derived from the encryption techniques. These
cryptocurrencies are based on blockchain technologies. A blockchain, in simple
words, means a database to keep records about the holders of the currency.
Because these currencies are digitally operated and not issued by any
government agents or authorities, there is eventually no political interference
or manipulation.
The first even blockchain launched
cryptocurrency was Bitcoin which till date is the most famous crypto. Apart
from that, there are various other currencies with different functions
available in the market now that it has become such a hot topic.
Bitcoin was
launched in 2009 by a group known as ‘Satoshi Nakamoto’. Over 18.8 Million
crypto are being circulated in the market with a total market cap of $858.9
Billion as of August 2021 and there are only 21 Million currencies available
leading to the reduction of chances of both inflation and manipulation. Some of
the other alternate currencies include Litecoin, Peercoin, Namecoin, Ethereum,
Cardano and Eos.
Crypto
generally allow for safe payments online which are referred as ‘tokens’ and the
ledger entries of these exchange of tokens are stored digitally. Many investors
make money out of these currencies by selling them to other investors at a
profit.
Cryptocurrencies
claim that it makes it easier for financial transactions between two parties as
it does not require any third party that needs to be trusted with their money.
These transactions are secured by a private key. A private key is one that is
only known by the owner of the account and is used by him to sign away
transactions. This uses the least of transaction fees unlike the banks and
other financial institutions which charge a certain amount for wire transfer.
A downside
of these currency is that it is partially anonymous which makes it easier for
illegal business like tax evasion and money laundering. However, this anonymity
is highly valued by some individuals considering it acts like a protection for
those activists who live under a repressive government.
The market
price of any product depends upon its demand and supply and similar theory
applies to cryptocurrency. The rate at which one currency can be exchanged for
another can fluctuate widely which makes it a risky business to invest in. The
cost of producing a crypto, especially Bitcoin, which is an extremely large
amount, depends upon its market price.
It is also a
fact that only the blockchain of these currencies are digitally secured. The
other aspects of it like ‘wallets’ and ‘exchanges’ are not highly secured. They
are still prone to hacking and in the past 10 years, there have been cases of
millions of dollars being stolen via hacking of some mere coins.
The fact
cannot be ignored that cryptocurrency has only been in the market for 10 years.
It is not some gold or a piece of land that can be bought and guarantee you a
profit in future. It is a completely different and new technology that needs
knowledge and awareness. Just like stock market, one needs to be fully educated
before investing their valuable money into this business.
Analysis of Yes Bank Scam
Introduction
Yes Bank was
established jointly by Rana Kapoor and Ashok Kapoor in 2004. Although there
were legal controversies regarding the ownership of Yes Bank after the
unfortunate death of Ashok Kapoor, Rana Kapoor had taken the responsibility of
running Yes Bank.
Detail
analysis of Yes Bank Scam
The fall of Yes bank began in 2008. It was
believed and suspicions began to arise when the working style of Rana Kapoor
changed and he began to lend loans aggressively to “Stressed Companies” and
charged high interest rates on the given loans.
He began to play very
risky game with banking system and these facts were first pointed out by UBS.
In 2015, UBS or Union Bank of Switzerland is a global financial services
company who claimed that the major reason behind the sudden rapid success was
them lending loans to stressed or vulnerable companies.
Stressed companies are highly risky companies
who are not able to repay loans on time and generally are prone in making
defaults. The reason behind Yes Bank Scam was combination of bad loans and NPAs
(non-performing assets). If for 90 days or more, the loans are still not paid
and the payment is delayed, then such loans would come under NPAs.
The rising NPAs of Yes
Bank were also noticed by Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in 2017.It began to
monitor the mentioned bank very strictly. RBI also discovered that not only the
NPAs of the Yes bank was also the bank was hiding its real figure of NPAs. RBI
discovered that the bank was projecting a fake figure of its NPAs. The
difference between the actual figure and the real figure was found to be 3000
crore rupees.
According to the reports, majority of loans had
been given by Yes Bank after 2014. It was also discovered that in 2014, 55,000
crore rupees of loan had been lent by the bank according its loan books. The
loan lending had increased to 2 lakh 41 thousand crore rupees.
From the above analysis, RBI is strictly monitoring
the working of Yes Bank since 2017. However, there are so many loan lending
transactions which still took place between 2017 and 2019. One question which arises
is that in spite of knowing the working and condition of Yes bank, why were
they giving loans to these companies?
Consequences
On September 2018, in order to save Yes
Bank, RBI instructed and ordered Rana Kapoor to resign from CEO position. On November
2018, not only the rating of the bank continuously fell but also two
independent directors and a chairman of the bank resigned.
Thereafter, Rana Kapoor was no longer
the CEO of Yes Bank in January, 2019.
Reputed credit rating firms such as CARE
(Credit Analysis & Research) and Moody’s have given very bad ratings to the
bank. According to Moody’s the bank is in a stable condition anymore and it has
given a negative rating to the bank.
Ravneet Gill became the new CEO of the YES
Bank. The bank still had to face number of hardships due to the scam; booking its
first quarterly loss on April 2019. Moreover, the stock of the bank had been
degraded to 30%, and their NPL ratio fell to 8%. Rana Kapoor had to sell his
entire shares which were worth 142 crore rupees on November 2019.
According to many reports and news, it
was anticipated that RBI might purchase this bank (YES Bank). ED (Enforcement
directorate) found that Rana Kapoor alongside his relatives claimed 78 shell
organizations (is an organization that another organization takes over to
acquire advantage from its name) in beyond couple of years.
All the information and activities performed
by such companies were tracked by ED and CBI through DIN (Director
Identification Number). Thereafter, for performing the crime of fraud and money
laundering, Rana Kapoor was arrested by ED on 8th March,2020.
Measures taken
by RBI
Moreover, on 5th March 2020, RBI brought
this entire matter into their hands by declaring moratorium and setting a
limitation that the individuals who have saved their cash in YES Bank, can just
pull out 50,000 rupees in a month and not more than that, with the exception of
emergency cases. After this the stock of the bank tumbles down, Sensex likewise
tumbles down.
Conclusion
In spite all of this, on the off
chance that your cash is stored in Yes Bank today, there is no reason that
anyone should fear as your cash is protected and you will get it from the bank
on schedule.
Since, Yes Bank is an exceptionally
gigantic bank and the government in any case will figure out how to run this
bank, since they can’t manage the cost of the disappointment of the bank, since
there are many individuals reliant upon it.
Furthermore, on the off chance that investors
didn’t get their cash back, the trust and the certainty of the contributors
will lose from the financial framework which not only includes the clients of Yes
Bank but also clients of different banks too.
Individuals will imagine that now their cash
isn’t protected in any bank, so it’s smarter to pull out their cash as quickly as
possible which might cause a bank run.
This will not only have a negative
influence only on the Yes Bank but also every other banks as well. The entire
financial framework will implode. That is the reason why government won’t allow
this bank to fizzle under any conditions.
To kill a mockingbird summary
To kill a Mockingbird is a novel written by Harper Lee. The book was published in 1960 and was successful right away. It was Harper Lee’s first novel which sold more than 30 million copies all over the world and was also given the Pulitzer Prize. This novel is a classic among and outside of the bibliophiles for some very valid reasons. Let’s explore them
Plot
The story is set in a fictional town of Maycomb in Alabama and narrated by a 6 year old girl, Jean Louise Finch, the daughter of a righteous and virtuous lawyer Atticus Finch.
The story begins with Jean Louise and her brother Jeremy Finch talking about their esoteric neighbour Boo Radley who never went out of his house and that fascinates the Finch siblings yet they are scared of him too much. It revolves around the adventures of the Finch siblings in the beginning.
These adventures are followed by some worries that rain down on the finch household by virtue of a case their father is working on, the case of Tom Robison, an African-American fellow who is accused of rape of a young white girl Mayella Ewell. Atticus Finch is fighting in favor of Robinson. This story is set up in the 1930s, when discrimination against African Americans was prevailing, a good evidence of that is provided in the book when different churches are mentioned for the white and African American people. Because Atticus was fighting for Robinson, he was looked down upon by the people of Maycomb, especially some of the more powerful figures of the town. Atticus Finch and his children are threatened all this while but he didn’t deter, he refused to step down until Robinson was given a chance, but he didn’t stand a chance.
The trial takes place and Tom Robinson is convicted of raping the girl even though all odds favor him. He is pronounced guilty because of the color of his skin. Nevertheless, an African American man being given the chance to explain himself was a huge leap for that town, all because of Atticus’s determination and skill. This case affects the finch siblings as well.
A deeper look
At first glance, the story seems about the escapades of Jean Louise and her brother Jeremy Finch but after a close look one will discover that this novel explores more profound issues in Maycomb which parallels the issues that 20th century and to some extent even 21st century America faces. First and foremost it addresses racism, in not the best of ways but you can’t blame the author considering the times it was written in. it doesn’t deal with racism nor does it offer any solution to deal with it. It simply mentions the bizarre laws that existed or rather lack of any laws. Understanding is a thing that Atticus does very well, he possesses the ability to understand even his enemies even When a mob is about to attack him. “A mob’s always made up of people, no matter what” is what he says to his children when talking about the same incident. His empathy is something that keeps the readers wondering.
It touches on the subject of gender roles and how Jean Louise who was a tomboy was told by her aunt to act ladylike. And it talks about subjects that can only be realized when you read and think about it yourself
Persecution of Muslims
Persecution of Muslims is the religious and political persecution that is inflicted upon followers of the Islamic faith and/or those with a Muslim identity. This page lists incidents in which Muslim populations have been targeted for persecution by non-Muslim groups throughout the history of Islam, a history that coincides with medieval and modern history.
In the early days of Islam in Mecca, the new Muslims were often subjected to abuse and persecution by the pagan Meccans (often called Mushrikin: the unbelievers or the polytheists). In the contemporary period, Muslims face religious restrictions in some countries. Various incidents of Islamophobia have also occurred, such as the Christchurch mosque shootings, the Afghanistan conflict (1978–present), the Kashmir conflict, the Xinjiang Ethnic cleansing and the mass imprisonment of people in re-education camps, the West Bank annexation in Palestine, and many more incidents.
The ongoing Rohingya genocide has resulted in over 25,000 deaths from 2016 to the present, 700,000+ refugees being sent abroad since 2017, gang rapes and other acts of sexual violence which are mostly committed against Rohingya women and girls, mostly by Rakhine’s Buddhists and Burmese soldiers, the burning of Rohingya homes and mosques, as well as many other human rights violations.
The ongoing Uyghur genocide has led to more than one million Muslims (the majority of them are Uyghurs) being held in secret detention camps without any legal process, with birth rates plummeting in Xinjiang, falling by nearly 24% in 2019 alone compared to just 4.2% in the rest of China.
TOP FIVE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN INDIA
Information technology is the use of computer to create, process, store, and exchange all kinds of electronic data and information. IT is typically used within the context of business operation as opposed to personal or entertainment technologies. Here I came with top five most-valuable information technology in India
1) TATA CONSULTANCY SERVICES
Tata Consultancy Services is a global leader in IT services, consulting & business solutions with a large network of innovation & delivery centers. https://www.tcs.com/home TCS is the largest IT services company in the world by market capitalisation ($200 billion). It was founded in 1968 by TATA Sons. It has headquarters in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. The main service of the company is consultancy, services, outsourcing. TCS is the second largest Indian company by market capitalisation and is among the most valuable IT services brands worldwide.Tata Consultancy Services has around 380,000 offices across 46 countries and 147 delivery centres in 21 countries. There are 378,210 offices in India alone. The revenue of TCS is Rs1.62 trillion in 2020.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Consultancy_Services
2) WIPRO
Global company delivering innovation-led strategy, technology, and business consulting services. https://www.wipro.com/ Mohamed Premji was founded WIPRO in 1945. It was founded to trade refined oil and manufacturing vegetables. After the death of Mohammad Premji https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azim_Premjihis son Azim Premji took over wipro as chairman in age of 21. During the 1970s and 1980s, the company shifted its focus to new opportunities in the IT and computing industry, which was at a nascent stage in India at the time.In February 2002, Wipro became the first software technology and services company in India to be certified. The revenue of wipro is ₹61,943 crore in 2021. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wipro
3) INFOSYS
Infosys is a global leader in next-generation digital services and consulting.https://www.infosys.com/ Infosys was founded by seven engineers in Pune, Maharashtra, India with an initial capital of $250 in 1981. Infosys provides software development, maintenance and independent validation services to companies in finance, insurance, manufacturing and other domains.Infosys had a total of 259,619 employees as of 2021, out of which 38.6% were women. Out of its total workforce, 229,658 are software professionals and remaining 13,796 work for support and sales.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infosys In 2016, 89% of its employees were based in India. The revenue of this company is ₹102,673 crore in 2021. Website is https://www.infosys.com/
4) TECH MAHINDRA
Tech Mahindra is an Indian multinational company that provides information technology and business process outsourcing services. A subsidiary of the Mahindra Group, the company is headquartered in Pune and has its registered office in Mumbai. It was founded by Anand Mahindra. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anand_Mahindra in 1986. This company has services in worldwide.
Tech Mahindra have 125,236 (2020) . The revenue of this company is ₹38,642 crore in 2021. Website is http://www.techmahindra.com/
5) HCL
HCL was founded in 1976, HCL is one of India’s original IT garage startups. HCL stands for Hindustan Computers Limited. The company has offices in 50 countries. It was founded by Shiv Nadar https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiv_Nadar in 11 August 1976. It operates across sectors including aerospace and defense, automotive, banking, capital markets, chemical and process industries, energy and utilities, healthcare, hi-tech, industrial manufacturing, consumer goods, insurance, life sciences, manufacturing, media and entertainment, mining and natural resources, oil and gas, retail, telecom, and travel, transportation, logistics & hospitality. It aslo have services in consulting, outsourcing and software development. The revenue of this company is ₹76,306 crore in 2021. The website for this company is https://www.hcltech.com/.
International Conference on Business and Social Sciences 2021
International Conference on Business and Social Sciences 2021 will accept the papers in the fifteen thematic areas with multiple research approaches and methodologies. This includes the papers on specific management areas ranging from accounting through economics and banking to general management and marketing and the methodologies ranging from hypothetic-deductive approaches through qualitative case studies to critical theorisations. Also, conference associated journals entertain the papers with trans-disciplinary flavors, including the ones addressing the issues in the areas ranging from education through psychology to political science and culture and society, and drawing on these each other’s discipline. Hence, the conference provides a platform for wide-ranging issues, which captures contemporary developments in business, management and the social sciences within which a wide range of networking opportunities can be nurtured for the advancement of future research and global collaboration. This approach is now vital in research endeavours as business, management and education practices are…
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FRI
By: Astha Raghav.
The Forest Research Institute (FRI) is a Natural Resource Service training institute of the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education and is an institution in the field of forestry research in India for Indian Forest Service cadres and all State Forest Service cadres. It is located at Dehradun in Uttarakhand, and is among the oldest institutions of its kind. In 1991, it was declared a deemed university by the University Grants Commission.
The Forest Research Institute campus hosts the Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA), the staff college that trains officers selected for the Indian Forest Service (IFS).
It was founded in 1878 as the British Imperial Forest School by Dietrich Brandis.
In 1906, it was reestablished as the Imperial Forest Research Institute, under the British Imperial Forestry Service.
Established as Imperial Forest Research Institute in 1906, the Forest Research Institute (FRI) Dehradun, was first situated at Chandhbagh (the present location of the Doon School) on the Mall Road. A much larger campus at the present location was acquired ca 1923. Construction of the new buildings commenced thereafter. Styled in Greco-Roman Architecture by C.G. Blomfield, the main building was inaugurated in 1929 by then Viceroy Freeman Freeman-Thomas, 1st Marquess of Willingdon. It is now a National Heritage site.
Forest Research Institute Dehradun is among the oldest institutions of its kind. The institute’s history is virtually synonymous with the evolution and development of scientific forestry, not only in India, but over the entire sub-continent. Built over 450 hectares, with the outer Himalaya forming its back drop, the institute’s main building combines Greco-Roman and Colonial styles of architecture, with a plinth area of 2.5 hectares. The building was listed for a time, in the Guinness Book of Records, as the largest purely brick structure in the world. The institute has a developed infrastructure of all equipped laboratories, library, herbarium, arboreta, printing press and experimental field areas for conducting forestry research. It is 7 km from Clock Tower, on the Dehradun-Chakrata motorable road. It is the biggest forest based training institute in India. Most of the forest officers are a part of this institute. The FRI’s building also houses a Botanical Museum and there are many different kind of trees from around the world.
Thank You!
Trekking
By: Astha Raghav.
Trekking is an adventure sports. It is not an easy task to do trekking. Indeed, it needs a lot of courage and confidence along with a strong physique.
The term “Trekking Peak” is a commonly misunderstood colloquial term which may refer to a variety of types of peaks in the Himalayan Region. The term is most often associated with Group “B” NMA Climbing Peaks classified by the Nepal Mountaineering Association or easier. Some may use the term “Trekking Peak” to solely describe peaks requiring little to no technical climbing experience. Others may use the term to describe all mountains regulated by the Nepal Mountaineering Association including Group “A” NMA Expedition Peaks which may require considerable difficulties and technical climbing skill.
Because of the term’s loose classification of peaks it can be misleading, encompassing peaks of significant varying difficulties.There is less general consensus for the use of the term in this context of Group “A” NMA Expedition Peaks.
The Indian Mountaineering Foundation describes trekking peaks closer to the true definition of trekking, where peaks have a defined route that requires less technical mountaineering skill. There peaks are open for climbing, where climbers are not required to book permits with or pay royalties to the Indian Mountaineering Foundation. Although some peaks are located in inner line, meaning close to border thus due to security reason, permissions and permits may be required from local civil or army authorities. Also, some peaks may be out of reach from foreign climbers.
Asian Trekking is a commercial adventure company based out of Kathmandu, Nepal started by Sherpa Ang Tshering.In 2001, it was recorded that Asian Trekking ran 25 large mountain expeditions per year. Asian Trekking made international news when in 2006 four of its clients and two of its Sherpas died in a single season. One of their clients, David Sharp, died near the summit and this event became the center of an international climbing ethics controversy. Founder of the company Ang said that climbers can die if they use all their energy getting to the summit of Mount Everest, only to be too fatigued for the descent.
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