Category: Science

Solar Eclipse- Everything you need to know!!!

Solar Eclipse a sight is rarely seen on earth. On this day the sun will look like a shining ring. This will be neither partial eclipse nor complete. The shadow of the Moon will cover  almost 99% of the Sun rays. Which will cause the side of the sun remain illuminated and the middle part of the sun will be completely covered by the shadow of the moon.

astronomy circle dark eclipse
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Solar eclipse will be addressed on 21st June 2020 from 10:20 AM  to  1:49 PM which will be visible in India and according to astrology this day will be impressive as many planets and constellations will be matching which did not match from past 500 years! Sutak period will start from 10:17 AM on 21 June it self. This solar eclipse will be in Mrigashira, Ardra, Nakshatra and Gemini. During this eclipse, 6 planets i.e. Jupiter, Saturn, Mars, Venus, Rahu and Ketu will be in retrograde state; Rahu and Ketu are always retrograde. Such position of planets will make solar eclipse impressive. According to astrology, eclipses can become a factor of natural disasters, which may cause disaster like earthquake, typhoon or storm.

phases of the moon
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Precautions should be taken during the solar eclipse every time like; Solar eclipse should not be viewed with naked eyes. During this time the rays emanating from the sun are vary harmful and hence can damage the eyes. Therefore, to see this, special types of equipment should be used like Welding glasses, X-ray sheet keep a not that your face and body should be covered fully as the rays may damage the skin. According to religious beliefs, do not do any auspicious work at the time of eclipse. At the time of the eclipse, neither should you eat or drink anything. It is believed that before eclipse, basil leaves should be put in food and drink to make it safer. In the eclipse period, remembering the Lord, do puja, chanting, charity etc. religious work which will be good for family and ourself too. As soon as the eclipse of the eclipse begins, cover the place of worship in the house during the eclipse. After the eclipse, take a bath and clean the place of worship and sprinkle Ganga water. Pregnant women should be very careful and stay away from the sun full day as it may affect the infant.

Surya Grahan Time: 12 घंटे पहले से लग जाएगा सूर्य ग्रहण का सूतक, यह होगा समय

Image Source: Naidunia.com

“India’s Struggle To Fight Chinese Products”.

Every country in today’s era is working hard so as to make their economies strong and thus increase their GDP. This surely gives rise to better job opportunities to flourish, better infrastructure of the countries and also a tourism sector to thrive. India is one of the developing countries and has been able to mark it’s high GDP growth irrespective of its high population rate. But still there are various factors which makes it a bit tough for India to develop completely and cope up as a developed nation. The factor is dependency on other countries for most of the manufacturing technologies and products. India prefers importing most of the goods and services from other countries, and thus lacks its own manufacturing and research technologies. One of the most prominent country from which India is importing is China. China has been one of the most successful countries in exporting most of its products and thus achieving maximum productivity growth as compared to other big nations like the USA and Japan. 

India is dependent on Chinese products for most of its cost saving benefits. Most of the products we do acknowledge and bully are Chinese as we do find them more feasible and lying in our budget. But still India is fighting back and stopping the import from China and various other countries and focusing on increasing it’s export to other countries. The mission and scheme as launched by our Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi of “Make In India ” has brought up various startups and investment in manufacturing technology and has led to growth of the country’s economy and job opportunities. 

But still India does lack production and manufacturing of products at cheaper rates as compared to what China does. There are various things which do affect the cause of same which include:

  1. Availability of  cheap skilled labour: India being 2nd in world’s population, still lacks much of a literacy rate, which is not a case in China and other countries. People in China are much more skilled and educated . So companies do acquire much of these as a resource for their company at cheaper rates and thus reduce their manufacturing cost. While in India we lack much of literacy rate, thus affecting our availability of skilled labour
  2. High production: Productivity as mentioned above of China is much more as compared to other countries. This reflects that they have an abundance of material which not only can be used for manufacturing products in their own country but also exported to other countries. India lacks much of the raw material required for manufacturing anything, so they do rely on foreign factors for manufacturing. 
  3. Selling products at cheaper rates : Chinese products are well known for their cheap rates. This mostly fascinates people to buy them. This surely leads to reduction in the sales of the other similar product and thus the company faces losses thus the company’s only 2 choices “Either to merge with that Chinese brand or to shut down”. It’s frequently bseen that most businesses and companies get off the business which gives these Chinese products a plus point and they become the  lone survivor.And in future times they do raise the prices which market them with huge profits. 
  4. Production of duplicate or matching product: China has been investing more of its money in coping things,since we know for manufacturing of any new or original product, companies invest in it’s research work, qualified labour and number of tests and thus find the best and feasible product. China misses this step and jumps off to the production which saves a lot of money and also the manufacturing cost.

“There are many more reasons which give China and it’s product great power in our country. But we should understand the requirement of not investing our money in those Chinese products and rather bring up products manufactured in our own country so as to keep the countries money within the country. Also more startup ideas must be motivated to flourish and thus growth productivity must be targeted so as to manufacturers and use products made in our country only and rather from buying it from other countries, we must export them . These few efforts would bring out significant change which would lead our country to prosper be one of the developed countries in coming years”. 

MALALA YOUSUFZAI: conspiracies and criticisms

I practically cried when literally heard about Malala Yousafzai,the Pakistani blogger who fought for girl education and currently fighting for their rights. The youngest to win most prestigious Nobel Peace prize along with billions of hearts. But there are ongoing discussions on her overrating.

The allegations made on her despite bravery she showed were mentioned below which are depicted as conspiracy.

The three girls who shot during the same time didn’t get as much attention as Malala. The only girl who was hospitalized to London and the only girl who was being educated there was Malala which was one of the conflicting truth. The reason for shifting her to London hospital lies in severity of her injury. She was the one who got affected more due to the bullets. People write to defame her without knowing the actual truth.

She was victim of Taliban because of her dad since he rebelled against them. Being Ziauddin’s daughter made her special among Taliban. Her father made her to speak and she did it. It was her father who should be awarded not her. She did what is to be done. Her fater fought when Taliban attacked the school. The society we live in defame the daughter to fame the father. This is disgusting. Not everyone does what should be done. The so-called guts is necessary inorder to do few things. Her father made her speak but it’s her choice to speak and she spoke not only for herself but also for the rest. It’s her who spoke and world listened while she spoke.

She left the Swat valley and started to live happily in UK without bothering about her native. She never spoke about the wars in some other countries and never cared about the children of her valley after she left the place. People never speak about the happened and always bother about unhappened. She did everything she could and tried to do what she didn’t and failed it. She had a voice of women who are living not only in her region but the rest of the world.

Malala said, “I am ready to tell the world that Pakistan is safe place and teams can go and play cricket there”. If it’s safe then why are you in UK. The criticism she gets for every word she spoke is unbelievable. She tried her way best to make people of her country happy by making them view cricket match. She tried to bring happiness for her country and people depict it in a wrong way.

Another boy who has been shot 8 bullets didn’t get the same attention who tried to save the school attack from Taliban. He never spoke untill the moment. He had to do his job when it had to be done. He didn’t do when it wasn’t required. He had done a great job but what Malala shouldn’t be compared with it. She stood from the begining of war because she started the war.

She was the reason for the operation launched by Pakistani army namely Operation Rah-e-Rast. The army tried to finish its job within a month. SSG commandos tried to kill who resisted or captured who surrendered.

The origin of life-RNA WORLD?????

The origin of life depends on the singe question – How did early cells could have arisen?
Modern cells consist at a minimum of plasma membrane enclosing water in which numerous chemicals are dissolved and sub cellular structures float. It was thus believed that the first self-replicating entity was much simpler than even the most primitive modern living cells. Before there was life, and yes, Earth was a different place: completely hot and anoxic, with an atmosphere which was completely rich in gases such as hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and ammonia. Earth’s surface was like a pre biotic soup in which chemicals reacted with one another, randomly “testing” the usefulness of the reaction and the stability of the resulting molecules. Some reactions released energy and would eventually become the basis of modern cellular metabolism. Other reactions which occurred created molecules that could function as catalysts, some aggregated with other molecules to form the predecessors of modern cell structures, and others were able to replicate and act as units of hereditary information.
Proteins have two major roles in modern cells – structural and objective.
Catalytic proteins are called enzymes, in cells. Thus enzymes act as the workhorses of the cell. DNA stores hereditary information and can be replicated to pass the information on to the next generation. RNA is involved in converting the information stored in DNA into proteins. Proteins can do cellular work, but their synthesis is dependent on their proteins and RNA, and information stored in DNA. DNA can’t do cellular work. It’s only work is to store genetic information and it is involved in its own replication process which is a process that requires proteins. RNA is synthesized using DNA as the template and proteins as the catalysts for the reaction.
Based on these considerations, it seemed to evolutionary biologists that at some time in the evolution of life there must have been a single molecule that could do both cellular work and replicate itself. A possible solution to the nature of this molecule was suggested in 1981 when Thomas Cech discovered an RNA molecule in the protest Tetrahymena that could cut out an internal section of itself and slice the remaining sections back together. Since then, other catalytic RNA molecules have been discovered, including an RNA found in ribosomes that is responsible for forming peptide bonds – the bonds that hold together amino acids, the building blocks of proteins. Catalytic RNA molecules are now called ribozymes.
The discovery of ribozymes suggested the possibility that RNA at some time had the ability to catalyze its own replication, using itself as the template. In 1986, a term was coined – RNA WORLD to describe a precellular stage in the evolution of life in which RNA was capable of storing, copying, and expressing genetic information. Also it catalyzes other cellular chemical reactions. This important evolutionary step is easier to imagine than other events in the origin cellular life forms because it is well known that lipids, major structural components of the membranes of modern organisms, form liposomes which are bounded by a lipid layer.

SOLAR ECLIPSE, 21st June 2020

The Earth will witness an annular solar eclipse on Sunday, 21 June and the people in India will be able to catch this annual celestial event in action. It is not a regular one as it falls on the summer solstice, i.e. the longest day and the shortest night of the year.

What is solar eclipse?

A solar eclipse occurs when the moon passes between the sun and the earth. When this happens, the moon blocks the light of the sun from reaching the earth. The shadow of the moon is then cast on the earth.

There are three types of solar eclipses:

First, there is a total solar eclipse — which is only visible from a small area on earth. For the phenomenon to occur, the sun, moon and earth must be in a direct line.

Second is the partial solar eclipse when the sun, moon and earth are not exactly lined up.

The solar eclipse of 21 June, however, is an annular eclipse and is the third type. This happens when the moon is farthest from the earth, according to NASA blog. Since the moon is farther away from the earth, it seems smaller and does not block the entire view of the sun. The moon is in front of the sun and looks like a dark disk on top of an even larger disk which appears like a ring of fire.

The eclipse will be annular in some parts of the country, where sky gazers will get an opportunity to observe the “ring of fire” during the phenomenon. However, for most parts of the country, the eclipse will be partial.

On June 21, the annular eclipse will first start for the people of Congo in Africa and progress through South Sudan, Ethiopia, Yemen, Oman, Saudi Arabia, the Indian Ocean and Pakistan, before entering India over Rajasthan. It will then move on to Tibet, China, Taiwan, before ending at the middle of the Pacific Ocean.

This will be the last eclipse to be seen from India for the next 28 months as the next eclipse will be seen in India on October 25, 2022.

In India, the solar eclipse of June 21 with begin at 9:15 am and will end at 3:03 pm. The sun will be seen as a ‘Ring Of Fire’ to the skygazers which is a rare event. The partial eclipse will begin at 9:15 am and it will reach its peak at 12:10 pm. The full eclipse will end at 2:02 pm and the phenomenon will end at 3:04 pm.

Some interesting facts

  1. In a year, there can be as many as five solar eclipses.
  2. A total solar eclipse is a rare sight and happens only once in every 18 months. For a total solar eclipse, the sun has to be blocked at least 90 percent by the moon.
  3. The longest duration of a total solar eclipse is 7.5 minutes
  4. The total solar eclipse cannot be seen from the North and South Poles

“Not all scars are visible”- Mental health

You might consider yourself to be physically healthful but do you possess a healthy state of mind? How frequently do you consider mental pressure, anxiety or an ill mood? We all must be conscious of the point that a healthy mind as well as a healthy body, both are a part of what makes us whole. Consequently, looking after mental health is as fundamental as caring for the physical health.

A healthy mind encompasses the ability of individuals that allows him or her to withstand the stressful and troublesome situations of life, work productively and contribute their presence in the community. But multiple times people are not competent to look after what they think intense in their minds. That is when the mental disorder begins. A consequence of which they might suffer from depression, anxiety, autism, schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, dementia and many more. These disturbances makes them feel sad and makes their mood low. They may face severe mood fluctuations of highs and lows and make them unable to cope with even simple life problems. They may face problems while concentrating and have reduced ability to think keeping them confused all day long.

Accordingly, factors that may affect mental health are:

  • Abuse: This may be physical, sexual, oral or psychological.
  • Physical indisposition: This includes diseases, injuries or other physical disabilities.
  • Social connections: Includes any separation, divorce, family loss etc.
  • Difficult characters: people who exhibit irrelevant behaviour, extreme lying, violence, inappropriate actions.

Have you ever heard about the terminology D.O.S.E?

If not, then this might surprise you as holding a healthy mind starts right here. D.O.S.E exists for Dopamine, Oxytocin, Serotonin and Endorphins. Dopamine among the four is the fundamental chemical that emanate positive emotions in the body. Let’s understand how these chemicals function:

Dopamine: This is something that we can consider as ‘The Happiness Drug’. This motivates us towards our goal that we aspire to accomplish in our existences. Without Dopamine one never would have had the enthusiasm to achieve what they strive for, and the essential happiness We may also refer it to the slight joy that we feel in out day to day life.

How to retain a Healthy Mind?

Now as we know that a healthy mind prepares a happy mind, we also need to comprehend how to do so. A healthy mind is what helps us throughout our entire being therefore the following could be done for our mental health:

  • Being active: Exercising will support the physical as well as mental health.
  • Talk to yourself: Make time and efforts into bridging relations with yourself, keep telling yourself that You are worth enough.
  • Keep learning: Keeping the mind healthy; learning new skills, languages, sports, information etc. has proved constructive.
  • Quit the addiction: Healthy mind is related to a healthy body, any alcoholic or drug addiction would impede the situation.

An unhealthy mind is considered the worst place to be. This state of mind would make you either win or vanish. Make some time for your mind. Care for it and it would take care of you.

Facial recognition technology and how its affecting us.

Technology, evolving everyday getting smarter and smarter in order to ease our daily lives. One such technology is the facial recognition technology. It is the not only a hot brand on the tech market but also on the television front, it has been showcased in Tv shows and movies for years. Like any other technology it grows sophisticatedly and its usage has also expanded accordingly. These sensors have been upgraded to such a level that they can uniquely identify not just faces or animals but every individual fish that it can scans. That is the level of sophistication the facial recognition technology has achieved, but with its expanse it also brings about numerous privacy and civil liberty issues that need to be addressed. The biggest users of this technology worldwide are the Law enforcement departments. The use of this is so blatant that in an estimate around one in every two American has had their photos searched in this manner. Whenever this issue is raised not just in America but in any of the countries that this is so widely used, the authorities use the “we want to prevent atrocities” line, which would be sufficient if it did not come at the price of personal freedom.

Photo by Andrea Piacquadio on Pexels.com

 Many countries have used this extensively but none other than china, the leading brand for infringing people’s right. They use a project called “Skynet” to monitor nearly every person’s movement, which includes whom you meet, where you go and even track all your movement for the past week. What makes this technology even worse is that even though it is still being used it is still a work in progress, which means its error rate is very high with only a measly 20% success rate. Even though this has such a large failure rate, nations worldwide continue to use it. Just a few years back Sri Lankan authorities mistakenly linked a Brown university student to a terrorist attack. With all of these concerns, a public domain company Clearview.ai has launched its services. To put this into perspective, Clearview.ai has collected data from nearly 3 billion images, which to this date is larger than any other facial recognition database on this planet. The founder Hoan Ton-That has scrapped photos from nearly all publicly available domains, and has become a front runner in the worst possible way. With their below the belt techniques and illegal means of acquiring photos of people, the company has also received cease-and-desist order from Facebook, YouTube and twitter this year. However, they have refused to do so and in fact even going so far as to claim that they have a first amendment right to harvest data, which is completely false. What is of a greater concern is that Hoan has previously developed apps like ViddyHo which tricked its users into sharing their emails and then spammed their contacts. Not only this but since its emergence Clearview.ai has tried to pitch itself to white supremacist candidates to ensure their victory. They have even quietly tried to offer their services to entities in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates who have had a history of human rights violations. With such a large freehand to companies like Clearview.ai we seem to be headed to some dark times indeed.

What could be done to limit these companies are stringent laws to be placed so that companies are required to acquire permission from the person they are collecting data from. We individually cannot do much for this however with a comprehensive nation-wide policy some measure can be taken to ease the illegal flow of information that companies like Clearview.ai seem to obtain.

What happens next is for all of us to see.

The moment I regret most

My English madam asked everyone to share their respective moments when looked back felt like a regret. I never thought about it untill then. My brain didn’t work when required the most. I didn’t knew why don’t we get what we need when we need it. We get it when it’s presence doesn’t matter. Everybody gets what they need sooner or later but getting it at the right time matters the most.

When I think to think for a little while, I can’t think. When our mind tries to do what actually need to be done, our mind forces us to make do the thing that it does even in normal times. The fear we feel makes our mind to undo the action we require. I tried not to think about my thinking because atleast I hoped it can make my thinking normal again. Then I started to think about the question. I ended up thinking only about the question. I started at the question and stopped where I began. Then I thought that my answer must be in question that is what my mind is trying to make me realise. Everything has a reason and this too. I tried to figure the question by looking the question in different sense. I tried not to look the question as question itself. Then looking the question as answer made me to get the answer. Answering the question as answer is the answer.

We never understand the irony of life. We had what we want. The only thing we forget to do is searching. We realise that we have it and we don’t find it and we don’t understand why aren’t we getting it. We become blind when we require the things. The answer is just infront of me and I couldn’t realise it untill the neck of the moment. I found the answer for the answer that doesn’t exist. I never had a regretful moment in my whole life or may be I can’t categorise it. Neither could I recognise it nor could I feel it. May be the thought about forgetting past or unnecessarily remembering it made me not to think about it. People say not to think about past and make us think about the moment that made us regret.

By ignoring all the things said about the past in the past like people with worst past will end up in creating better future. I tried to create the present as past and made my regretting moment as the regretted moment.

I went on to the dias and spoke likewise…

The moment that I regret most is the moment when my English madam asked me to say about my regretting moment and I realised that I don’t have such moment and I feel regret at the present moment for not having a regretting moment when asked to speak about it. And the moment is now and now became then and eventually turned into my regretted moment.

Dexamethasone- Corona Vaccine Update!!!

Finally some good news today dexamethasone is now being called a major breakthrough based on a recent randomized controlled trial in the UK. Dexamethasone also known as Decadron is an example of a glucocorticoid are sometimes referred to as corticosteroids other examples of glucocorticoids include hydrocortisone methyl prednisolone prednisolone, prednisone beta methazone and triamcinolone so glucocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones that bind to the glucocorticoid receptor in the body cortisol aka hydrocortisone is the glucocorticoid.

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Photo by Edward Jenner on Pexels.com

We naturally make in our body it’s essential for life it regulates or supports various cardiovascular metabolic and homeostatic functions it also plays a big role in our immune system especially when it comes to reducing certain aspects of inflammation this is why we use them all the time in medicine we sometimes give these steroids for asthma copd rheumatologic type diseases and countless more diseases. Sometimes it is also given for steroids for meningitis and also for some forms of cancer we also give them in the early course of severe ards acute respiratory distress syndrome whether that ards is due to infection such as pneumonia or vaping lung injury or whatever the cause for severe ards we typically give methylprednisolone or solumedral at a dose of one milligram per kilogram per day. So, for most people that ends up being around 80 milligrams per day so this is the equivalent of 15 milligrams of dexamethasone the idea here is to suppress the cytokine storm that has taken place meaning that the massive amount of inflammation that causes lung damage and can indirectly cause damage to other organs as well our body naturally makes cortisol in our adrenal glands specifically in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex the adrenal gland then secretes cortisol into the bloodstream and the cortisol travels to different tissues of the body and then binds to the glucocorticoid receptor inside cells it then stimulates the cell to make more anti-inflammatory proteins and causes the cell to make less pro-inflammatory proteins but giving someone glucocorticoids meaning steroids to someone who has an infection is somewhat of a tricky thing because the fear is that if you suppress the body’s immune system it has the potential to make the infection worse. Sometimes the body’s immune system does more damage than the actual infection for example in cases of meningitis that is due to either streptococcus or tuberculosis we give steroids because the medical evidence shows that they have better outcomes when we do so and giving someone steroids for viral pneumonias like influenza is more controversial because doing so generally leads to worse infection with that said if the viral pneumonia is so bad to the point of causing severe ards most doctors will give steroids in that situation. So this is why, the general medical guidelines so far recommend against giving steroids for covert pneumonia unless the patient has severe ards and we’ve been waiting for randomized controlled trials to come out for steroids in covid and here we are now with this study so in march of 2020 the recovery trial which stands for randomized evaluation of covid-19 therapy was one of the randomized control trials that actually looked at several different potential treatments for covid which included low-dose dexamethasone this trial was done in the UK.

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Image source: Sky News

Over 11 500 patients in it so this trial has not been peer reviewed as of has not been published in the journal yet so everything I know so far is based on what’s been released to the general public in this trial over 2100 patients were randomized to receive dexamethasone specifically six milligrams once per day for 10 days and this group was compared with over 4 300 patients that were randomized to the standard care alone so 6 milligrams of dexamethasone is the equivalent of 32 milligrams of methylprednisolone so this is about half the dose we would typically use for someone with severe ards so among the patients who received standard care alone 20-day mortality was highest in those who required mechanical ventilation this was 41 and then intermediate in those patients who required supplemental oxygen only this was mortality rate of 25 percent and the mortality rate was lowest among those who did not require supplemental oxygen in which that mortality rate was 13 for patients who were on mechanical ventilators dexamethasone reduced mortality from 41 percent to 28 percent for patients who needed supplemental oxygen it reduced mortality from 25 percent to 20 percent and there was no benefit among those patients who do not require supplement oxygen in other words if someone only had mild disease there was no point in giving dexamethasone so based on these results one death would be prevented by the treatment of around eight ventilated patients. So that’s the number needed to treat for ventilated patients and then the number needed to treat for the ones who required supplemental oxygen that number needed to treat would be 25 so these preliminary results are significant but it doesn’t mean that dexamethasone is a miracle drug it’s certainly not a cure but it does seem to help based on these numbers index and methazone could be of huge benefit and not just rich countries but poorer countries as well because this drug is very cheap and is widely available so this is great news and very exciting but there are still a lot of questions that need to be answered like what is the ideal dose should we use higher doses in patients who are mechanically ventilated with ards and when will it be approved for use in the united states and we’ll get these answers pretty soon now another.

person holding petri dish
Photo by Anna Shvets on Pexels.com

Interesting question is should we give decadron dexamethasone to people who have mild disease now even though this study didn’t show any benefit the reason why i bring this up is because some people start out with mild disease and then go on to have moderate or severe disease and we have no way of predicting who goes on to do that and also it happens very quickly lots of times someone could be doing just fine and then all of a sudden within hours they all of a sudden are deteriorating and they have severe disease so should we give those patients decadron regardless is there any harm doing so that’s another question that remains to be seen.

Bermuda triangle: An unsolved Mystery

This triangular shaped area has been under the radar for many years due to the suspicious activities and multiple missing cases of humans and airplanes. Many state that all the mystical phenomenons which have occurred in the Bermuda triangle are obscure and esoteric.

The Bermuda triangle is known by multiple names many call it Devil’s Triangle, it’s also called Hurricane alley as that area always experience violent weather characterised by hurricanes, cyclones and wild winds which is said to be one of the causes behind the missing cases of ships and aeroplanes. It’s located towards the extreme south eastern part of North America.

Location of The Bermuda Triangle.

The term was coined by Vincent Gaddis (author) in 1964.Many claim that there is no region called Bermuda triangle and all the theories associated with it are absolutely fake and most of the incidents have been created for controversial purposes.

Scientists state it all started when Christopher Columbus was out exploring the sea and in search of new land he saw paranormal activity(fire balls crashing in that sea) in that area.

One of the very first cases which came to light was when a US Navy ship went missing in that triangle.

Charles Berlitz and his theory-

Theorist even claim the existence of extra-terrestrial beings from outer space and also claim the existence of an underwater city called Atlantis, Charles Berlitz was the one who propounded this theory, he supported all the claims toward the existence of Atlantis and also extra-terrestrial beings as part of this city. In his book ‘The Bermuda Triangle’ he expresses his hypothesis stating that Atlantis was a real city in the Bermuda Triangle.

High Magnetism-

Some claim that unlike others surfaces that area  is characterised by high magnetism which leads to the sinking of ships and Airplanes due to strong gravity. Some theorists who are supporters of Charles Berlitz’s theory claim that the city is made of stones and special crystals which is characterised by vigorous gravity due to which planes, ships and helicopters drown in the ocean.

Illogical Claims-

Some of the illogical claims made by many theorist stated that the extra-terrestrial beings from outer space have their base located within the triangle and hence destroy everything and anything that passes over their base. Though this is mostly a bogus theory with hardly has any proofs or references.

Overactive Environment –

Many also claim due to the overactive environment, feral winds and other natural activities which are violent in nature have caused the destruction of ships and airplanes. Also because of a strong gravitational pull within the Bermuda Triangle it causes humongous waves which could have engulfed anything coming in its way.

Larry Kusche and his theory-

Though Critics like Larry Kusche claim that these all manmade theories have been hyped to create terror and controversies amongst people and also because it adds up to the fake news which becomes a part of continuous loops and is always under observation. In his book ‘The Bermuda Triangle – Mystery Solved’ he claims all of these enigmas surrounding the missing cases to be absolutely fraudulent.

Though researchers are continuing with their search to know the exact reason behind the weird phenomenons.Nature really never fails to amuse us.

The Need of Career Counselling in Today’s World.

What is counselling?

Counselling is a general process of helping or guiding an individual to solve one’s personal or psychological problems. Counselling is usually done by someone who is a professional in that particular field and knows how to deal with human behavior,their personality and provide right direction to their thoughts. A counsellor is a person whom you can visit anytime when you feel to as the relationship between the visitor and the counsellor is based on and should be based on trust and good moral support, on the other hand the individual’s identity and problems shared stays confidential.

What is Career Counselling?

It is also a process which focuses on helping an individual understanding his own worth as well as the work trends so that the individual can take a better decision about their career and education. Career counselling gradually helps in the time management issues among the students and children and also solve the trust issues and misunderstandings among the parents and children regarding which career to opt.

Why does one need Career Counselling?

Each and everyone of us require guidance at some point in our life as it is tough to make a significant decision. By career counselling we understand our potential and future aspect of our career and how to improve it. Some of the benefits of career counselling are given below.

  • The major benefit of career counselling is that it helps an individual in choosing the right carrier as the counsellors are experts in their field and help to asses an individual’s aptitude,personality,interests and other aspects. By evaluating the results of the source of information which came from the student, the counsellar suggests the best available career options.
  • As the career counselling provides an access to wide range of resources and knowledge which helps the student and parents to choose the right path and option as they might not be familiar to that kind of expert knowledge.
  • Career cousnelling will help the student to understand the difficulties and hurdles which would arise in the path of their career.The extra knowledge that the student achieves through counselling results in the rise in confidence and enthusiasm.
  • Such counselling will help the students in breaking some of their day to day habits which is not required such as procrastinating and not keeping update on the particular field or career. A career counsellor helps in breaking such behavioral patterns and lead to productive environment.
  • In most of the situations it is a difficult task for both the parents and the students in choosing the right career option and leads to frustration. Career counselling provides such a platform where frustrations can be reduced and the focus is redirected towards the best career options.
  • It helps the students in the connecting to the best experts available with enough life experiences and accomplishments. They become role models for the student in most of the cases who serve as an inspiration for the students.

Status of Career Counselling in India.

Career counselling in India may be a huge addressable market as currently India needs a minimum of 1.4 million career counsellors to take care of a globally acceptable student to high school counsellor ratio. While a few national boards have mandated schools to have counsellors, over 93% schools in India don’t have a professional counsellor on board. There is urgent need of career counsellors at the varsity level in India.

The government had done a survey of over 150,000 households across India between April and December of 2015 showed some startling data – a highly educated Indian youth is quite five times as likely to be unemployed as an uneducated one. Nearly 35% of Indian youth who possess graduate degrees and above are unemployed, while relatively uneducated young workers (6.2% unemployment) do far better . This clearly points to the very fact that there’s a significant mismatch between skill building and contemporary jobs. Timely career guidance can help bridge this gap.

That India features a counselling- deficit education sector may be a critical challenge. We have around 1 Lakh professional career counsellors compared to the necessity for 15 lakh career counsellors to cater to 315 million strong student market. Comparing to the US, they have about 2.6 million student counsellors for 56 million students.
Career Counselling is only now beginning to gain the recognition it deserves and is witnessing exponential growth as a profession. While the developed nations have recognized the criticality of career counselling, and a vast number of progressive schools in India are also waking up to the fact, over 90% of Indian schools still don’t have career counsellors and there’s a shortage of nearly 14 Lakh trained career counsellors within the country.

Market size and expected growth for career assessment.

The size of the market for career assessment and guidance is currently estimated at over Rs 5,000 crore in India and growing at a dramatic rate.The Developing economies are increasingly appreciating the impact of career counselling in aligning students with the proper career options and thus contributing towards the nation building with youth icons.

GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICES AND BIO-SAFETY METHODS

  1. When you arrive the laboratory, the first thing is that you must wash your hands with a disinfectant soap for your immediate sanitization.
  2. Eating anything in the laboratory area and smoking is strictly prohibited. Do not put anything in your mouth such as pencils, labels, or fingers. Do not store food in areas where microorganisms are stored.
  3. Purchase a lab coat and safety glasses and use them. Leave protective clothing in lab and do not wear it in non-lab areas.
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  1. Avoid loose fitting items of clothing. Wear appropriate shoes (sandals not allowed) in the laboratory.
  2. Backpacks, purses and quotes should be placed in the cubbyhole by the front door of the lab. Place needed items on the floor near your feet, but not in the aisle.
  3. Disinfect work areas before and after use with 70% ethanol and fresh 10% bleach. The regular disinfection of the laboratory surfaces must be done using appropriate disinfectants like hypochlorite solution which kills almost pathogenic microorganisms.
  4. Label everything clearly.
  5. Caps and lids of reagents, solution bottles, and bacterial must be replaced properly in order to prevent contamination and petri dishes must not be opened directly in the lab unless absolutely necessary.
  6. Inoculating loops and needles should be flame sterilize in a bunsen burner before you lay them down.
  7. Turn of bunsen burner when not in use. Long hair must be restrained if bunsen burner are in use.
  8. Flame sterilization using alcohol must be done so carefully and it must be kept in mind that no papers or similar materials that can catch fire easily are nearby.
  9. Treat all microorganisms as potential pathogens and culturing of microorganisms must be done inside a special sterilized laminar flow hood and not outside it because many air-borne microorganisms can be spread.
  10. Wear disposable gloves when working with potentially infectious microbes and samples. If you are surely working with a pathogenic sample, you must handle it with extra care so that it doesn’t spill out on you or on any surface of the laboratory.
  11. Sterilize equipment and materials.
  12. Never pipette by mouth.
  13. Consider everything a bio hazard. Do not pour anything down the sink. Autoclave liquids and brought cultures to sterilize them before discarding.
  14. Dispose off all solid waste material in a biohazard bag and autoclave it before discarding in the regular trash.
  15. There are a special column of safety equipment in the laboratory which you must be aware of so that in case of any emergency you can make use of those safety equipments.
  16. Dispose of broken glass in the broken glass container.
  17. Dispose of razor blades, syringes, and sharp metal object in the “sharps” container.
  18. If by any chance, there is any type of spill of sample or culture or any media, you must immediately contact your instructor or mentor so that he/she can help you and find a solution to remove it from the surface. If you’re able to clean the spill by yourself do it immediately.
  19. In the same way, in case of any mishappening or sudden accident, you must immediately report to your instructor for the immediate help.

“Deserts-A solution for Rising Global Environment Crises”?

Global warming, climate change, melting of ice, earth temperature increasing and many more are some common natural phenomena happening these days with a sure shot affect on our future life. Even today, we acknowledge many examples of these phenomena as well as well researched papers which surely don’t deny the fact that these are surely happening. Countries across the world have been discussing this serious issue of climate change and global warming and have been coming up with brilliant ideas and policies to fight back. These technologies and various steps include a shift from Non sustainable resources to more Sustainable ones so as to reduce carbon emission and from them and getting a better and pure form of energy in endless quantities. Many nations have shifted to wider use of wind energy and solar energy as a mode of generation of power from them in various day to day activities. Many countries have also come up with a policy of carbon tax, which surely is charged from the companies and industries from which the emissions of carbon content is more. Also if any country buys fuel from the other country, carbon tax is included in it, which surely motivates people to cut down usage of these resources and also slow down their extra money cost in the form of fines. 

So we all know that it’s really an important issue and need to work on till it becomes too late. But we do lack some of the technologies which could have a stronger impact on these or the resources which are available like sustainable one, it proves somewhat expensive to most of the countries with low economy so what’s the solution,”Is there any way we could undo and alter these activities and thus make our environment cleaner”. There are various researches and thoughts on these activities which can be done and varius good engineering methods have come into existence to fight these. One of those and widely accepted one is “Afforestation”. The term is self explanatory which means to increase the growth of plants and trees around the world and thus increase their quantity and improve quality of air as these would absorb more of the carbon-dioxide present in air. It’s a well known phenomenon and a lot many countries have been into it for quite a few years. But the main issue with this is, that we humans so lack the availability of land for the same. For trees to be grown, we need the required environment and the important is the space and fresh water resources. But we do lack it’s availability , also for the reason that we require much of our land for building hotels and other commercial activities in response to the growing population. But there are various regions which have large amounts of space and area, and are not used by humans and are widely available. These are the toughest terrain and known as deserts. These deserts have large space and thus can be used to plant trees without much human getting affected. The main issue is how can we irrigate, as we know they are desert because they lack water, then how is it possible. And if it is possible, will it not become desert again?

It’s possible as per many people doing research on this as they believe by the growing technology of desalination of water, we could utilize the water for irrigation. The benefits of utilizing these spaces are that these have lesser people living in it . So selecting the trees which are friendly to these climatic conditions would be the better option. Which could grow easily and used for commercial activities also. The benefit of growing more trees in these areas would be the amount of carbon content absorption would increase. Also we could cut down some of the trees as for the new ones to grow since it wouldn’t affect much this cycle since this would be practising around the world. We would use them for construction activities, for feeding animals and also liquifying most of them to biomass fuel, thus a pure and much better source of power for our other activities also, reducing the carbon content, and increasing economies. Also we know that most of these deserts acquire large amounts of ground water hidden under them, for example- Sahara. Which could initially be used for irrigation initially. Also the power required for the technology for the same could easily be generated from the solar energy trapped in there solar panel 

So it seems according to research being done by various scientists and weather experts. But there are some other problems which could be faced in doing these projects. The water required would be clean, and thus desalination must be done carefully. But it’s output of concentrated salts dissolved in water in oceans could be harmful for the aqua life. Still this is just a thought which might affect the resulting increase in carbon content to reduce down. But still it seems difficult to make these ideas go on since they do require a large sum of money and also success of these are sureshot not acknowledged, since it’s still a question that wouldn’t these lands again transform into deserts again and lead us to big economic loss around the world. 

“Various steps and policies are into actions with faster growing technologies so as to reduce the carbon content from them and shifting towards  pure form of energy which is much cleaner, much cost effective and much safer for our planet”. 

How artificial intelligence is transforming the future of digital marketing

From smart search options and personalized messaging to being used in campaigns and marketing, AI and machine learning are increasingly being used in digital marketing.

Digital marketing relies on leveraging insights from the copious amounts of data that gets created every time a customer interacts with a digital asset. Algorithms optimize various factors and data points that influence digital marketing success.
In 2020, we anticipate a significant uptick in the mainstreaming of AI and machine learning use cases in digital marketing across several areas. 

Search will get very smart

In the past year, online search has had several AI and machine learning developments. Google is leading the pack with exciting applications in information retrieval. For example, Google’s BERT technology can process a word in the context of all the other terms in a sentence, rather than one-by-one in order. BERT also enables anyone to train their own state-of-the-art question answering system.  

Customization of search results and the results page based on learning from past interactions and preferences of a user is another application of machine learning used in search.

AI-driven personalization of messaging 

Several attach companies have been focusing on using AI and machine learning to find the right audience to write better ads than humans, and to increase conversion rates and engagement with the target audience. There are also several AI-led developments in the area of creating dynamic ads and landing pages to personalize marketing messages on the fly. 

AI has an application in content creation in terms of determining the logic of personalization as also crating content specific to an individual, using techniques such as natural language generation (NLG).

Use of machine learning in campaign operations 

Platforms such as Google and Face book have been at the forefront of AI/ML applications in marketing. Starting from smart bidding and smart campaigns to auto-generated ads, Google is making it easy for advertisers.

Smart bidding options such as TROAS, TCPA, and others use advanced machine learning algorithms to train on data at a vast scale to make accurate predictions about how different bid amounts might impact conversion or conversion value and assist advertisers in optimizing without getting into too many details. 

Google factors in a wide range of contextual signals (through search data) to predict user behavior and to influence auction time bidding as per the goal set by advertisers. Facebook has also incorporated machine learning across campaign planning and execution, as also in ad placements and ad delivery.

Similarly, on the organic search side, machine learning-based product ALPS reverse engineers Google’s ranking algorithm, and is able to accurately quantify ranking drivers, provide precise recommendations for changes, and predicts the impact of SEO actions before they are implemented.

Similar technology to drive improved ad copy testing in digital marketing exists. These help in evaluating ad copies and landing pages on various parameters like relevancy, use of action promoters/inhibitors, urgency inducers, page layout, load times, etc., to gauge the impact on ad relevance, expected CTR, and landing page experience. 

Future trends 

AI will also have additional application in digital marketing with the uptick in the adoption of technologies such as VR and AR, as commercial use cases of these technologies find wider adoption in retail and other sectors.

Many retailers are also testing AI and VR/AR technologies together to make the user experience personalized to an individual.

Other areas of impact include voice search. We will increasingly see ads about things which we just said or talked about, but haven’t searched for yet. Similarly, image search is also being used by many brands for their consumers to match patterns and identify products using image search. 

The coming years will continue to unfold newer potential uses of AI in digital marketing.

Astro-Evaders Super Exclusive : A Phenomenal Journey to Universe >>>>>//

Credit : Third Party Reference

SHREDDING A SUPERNOVA.  

Surfing on a distant star in a galaxy far, far, away.  Walking out on the nose of your board for a cheater-five, riding a nebulous cloud through the infinite darkness of space. Getting spit out of a black hole, executing a grab-rail, carving cut-back.  Ripping a hole in the space-time continuum. Finessing the very fabric of the Universe.

Credit : Third Party Reference

WATER IS COSMIC.

All of the water on Earth came from space in exactly the form it is in now: H2O.  Water not only came from space it was created out in space.  Hundreds of millions (or even billions) of years before the solar system itself, the world’s Ocean came from an interstellar cloud somewhere in the Milky Way galaxy—formed one molecule at a time.  All of the water on Earth was delivered here when Earth was formed (within the first 100 million years or so) and what we have is what we’ve got.  There is no geological mechanism on Earth to create or destroy H20.  The Ocean (and all of Earth’s water) has literally been here forever.

Credit : Third Party Reference

The Ocean—all the water on Earth—began as the finest mist, tiny ice crystals drifting around inside an interstellar cloud. However, scientists don’t actually know how all that water gets from the interstellar cloud to our Ocean, nor do they know how much water is actually on Earth.

THE ORION MOLECULAR CLOUD.

DISTANCE FROM EARTH: A MERE 1400 LIGHT YEARS (1 LIGHT YEAR = 5.88 TRILLION MILES)

The OMC is an interstellar spring of water. This massive glowing cloud of hydrogen gives birth to thousands of stars at once.  As the stars coalesce and collapse in on themselves, they send shockwaves out through the clouds of gas which contain lots of loose hydrogen and oxygen.  When the shock waves slam the hydrogens and oxygens into each other, they often form water. There is enough water being formed in the OMC to fill all of Earth’s Oceans every 24 minutes.  Surf’s up!

Credit : Third Party Reference

The Orion Molecular Cloud is making 60 Earth Oceans every 24 hours but it is doing it across a span of space 420 times the size of our entire solar system—so even the dustiest (most dense, with the most particles) parts of the cloud are emptier than any vacuum that people can create on Earth.

VENUS

DISTANCE FROM EARTH: 162 MILLION MILES

Venus may have been our solar system’s first Ocean world —a supercritical carbon dioxide Ocean of a bubbly sort of fluid that flowed a bit more like a liquid, with bubbles that behaved more like a gas popping up where the temperature and pressure varied a bit. Here on Earth, International Surfing Day is celebrated in the Summer on the longest day of the year.  Venus boasts an endless summer—with an average surface temperature of 864° Fahrenheit (462° C)—and a single day on Venus is equal to 243 Earth days.  That’s a lot of time to surf each day!

 Venus is so hot, though, that the atmospheric pressure (92 bar or 1334 pounds per square inch pressing down on you) would be the equivalent of being 3000 feet deep in the Ocean—you would be crushed before you ever had a chance to catch a bubbling hot wave.

Credit : Third Party Reference

It’s this extreme Venusian pressure and heat that initially may have created a supercritical carbon dioxide Ocean.  Scientists are still in debate on what type of liquid—water or lava—etched Venus’ surface features which look very much like canyons, lake beds, and broad plains that may have once been sea floors. Venus no longer has liquid on its surface, the planet is dry and is not currently hot enough to melt its carbons (which make up 96% of its atmosphere).  While the surface rotates slowly, the winds blow at hurricane force, sending clouds around the planet every five days.

 Venus lacks a strong global magnetic field, which on Earth helps protect our atmosphere.  If there ever was an Ocean of water here, then Billions of years ago, a runaway greenhouse effect began raising temperatures enough (over 1340° F or 727° C) on Venus to boil off all of the water in the Ocean ( a small amount of water vapor still exist on Venus, something like 20 parts-per-million), which escaped into space due to the unrelenting solar wind.

Credit : Third Party Reference

“Should’ve been here billions of years ago, the surf was firing—before the wind got on it.” -Surfer on Venus

MARS

DISTANCE FROM EARTH: 34 MILLION MILES

Mars was once much more Earth-like, with a thick atmosphere, abundant water, and an Ocean covering nearly a third of the Red Planet.  Imagine surfing huge, slow-motion barrels. Mars has only 10% the mass of Earth and its gravitational field is only one-third of Earth’s so less gravity would produce larger yet slower moving waves compared to Ocean swells of Earth. Aerial surfing maneuvers would be extra lofty.  

Credit : Third Party Reference

However, Mars lost its protective atmosphere billions of years ago and has since lost approximately 87% of its water. Most of its remaining water is frozen in ice caps or trapped beneath the soil, but a small amount of muddy, brackish water can be seen moving down the side of Martian hills in the local summer.

Reference – https://divyanshspacetech.wordpress.com