Category: Tech

Gender inequality

Discrimination is the state when all individuals are not treated equally and not given equal rights. Every individual in the community yearns for equal status, opportunities, and equal rights. People generally say these days that everyone is treated equally but they are not. Discrimination usually exists because of cultural differences, geographical differences, and gender. Inequality on the basis of gender is something that is not appreciated, but it is seen many times in many companies. There are many areas where equal opportunities are not provided to women.

We are in the 21st century, and even now, women are not treated equally as men. It is generally believed that women are more talented than men, and it has been proved many times, but society is not yet ready to accept this fact. Gender equality is the term used when equal opportunities in the fields of politics, economics, education, and health are provided to both men and women.

As per the World Economic Forum’s gender gap ranking, India holds the rank 108 out of 149 countries. The rank should be a major concern in the country as it signifies the immense gap between the opportunities given to women when compared to men. The structure in India is such that women are neglected in many fields like education, health, finance, etc. They are just limited to household chores which should not be the scene here. There are many places in India where women are considered as a burden and they are not allowed to go to school and study as well. Also, a preference for sons prevails in many areas in India.

The seven important forms of gender inequality :

1 . Women works Longer than Men :

In most of the societies the male – stream is the main stream who argues that women have comparative advantage in household non- market production, like cooking and cleaning for the family that cant be called emotional and personal caring work. Based on this thinking, household jobs are then asymmetrically distributed. Women are more valued in home. Men are specialised in market- baesd production. Thus, being the bread- earners, males enjoy both power and status.

2. Inequality in Employment and Earnings :

Historically, men have greater participation in work outside home than women. But women ( particularly of poor households) share unequally household duties in addition to economic production. Thus they work longer than males. This kind of ‘ division of labour’ may be seen as the ‘ accumulation of labour’ on women, as described by Amartya sen. Household activites are often viewed as ‘ sedentary activites’ which require less ‘ calore’ to gain energy.

3. Ownership Inequality :

A case of social inequality. Let us turn to another kind of inequality, called ownership inequality a classic case of social inequality. In most of the societies, ownership over property and means of production rests mainly on male members . The law of inheritance provides such ownership rights on male child. Such denial coming out of hierarchical dualism within the family not only reduces the voice of women but also prevents them from participating in commerial, economic and social activites.

This kind of social deprivation means absence or lack of capability or because of ‘capability deprivation’, women are subject to various kinds of exploitation and unfreedoms. Social inequality distorts the process of development. Unfortunately, ownership inequality in any country is not of recent origin. In her earlier life, a woman comes under the influence of her father, then husband as she enters a married life and finally, under sons ownership right over property is skilfully avoided. A telugu proverbs corraborates this understanding: ” Bringing up a daughter is like watering a plant in anothers courtyard.”

4. Survival Inequality :

Another crudest from of gender disparity is the unusally high mortality rates of women , though biologically, women live longer than men! Thus more boys than girls are born evrywhere leading to a ‘ deficit’ of women and a ‘ surplus’ of men. In developed countries beacuse of absence of gender bias in health care and nutrition, women outnumber men. In Europe and in north America, 105 or more girls are born per 100 boys. Such high female- male genderd survival rate in different age groups.

5. Gender Bias in the Distribution of Education and Health :

Health and education are the major forms of human capital are realted to economic development . Human capital gets accumulated as a society advances in education . The contribution of human capital towards Japan’s remarkable economic progress attracts our attention . Improvement in health capital also improves the return to investments in education .

However, one finds a huge education and health gaps between developed and developing countries. In recent times, despite a large increase in econoc advancement on times, despite a large increase in economic advancement in asia and africa, these countries lag far behind the developed countries in terms of educational attainment particularly in respect of women’s education. Gender disparity not only hindrrs economic progress but also exacerbates social inequality.

6. Gender Inequality in Freedom Expression :

Let us talk about gender inequality beyond economic issues or factors. Women are not only subject to income or asset inequality but also in terms of freedom and power deprivation of women goes beyond one’s imagination. They lack not only economic freedom at home because of absence of autonomy in house hold decisions, limited or poor wages earned but also lack any freedom in airing opinions over education of children.

In some backward poor societies the right of women giving options is completely denied. Such un – freedoms, however, are not uncommon even among the educated elites who enjoy enormous power and authority in the male domined society. Historically , this sort of law socioeconomic status of women has been continuing nowasdays.

7. Gender Inequality in Respect of viloence and victimisation :

Finally, anti – female bias starts before the girl child is born and this attitide of the society a female member carries throughout her life. It is because of the unequal sharing of income, property, household benefits . Women are subject to both physical and sexual violence – the oppsite of freedom, and an extreme form of coercion. This is common for both poor and not too much uncommon in rich countries as well as among rich people. One in three women in the word is beaten or raped during her life times.

Dowry harassement is considered as an ‘ instrumental use’ of violence. Dowry death is the most serious form of domestic violenece. Wife beating is not uncommon. Sexual violence is an obnoxious form of human rights violation.

Specifically, public health can contribute to reducing health inequities by integrating health equity considerations into policy and programs, collebrating with other sectors to address inequities engaging with communities to support their efforts to adress inequities, identifying the reduction of health inequities.

Reducing inequality requires transformative change. Greater efforts are needed to eradicate ectreme poverty and hunger and invest more in health, education, social protection and decent jobs especially for young people, migrants and other vulnerable communities.

We should understand that women are the part and parcel of any family. When it comes to flexibility, they can manage their home and offices at the same time. If equal opportunities are not given to them, they will be led down and won’t be able to achieve big milestones which they are obviously capable of.

DIGITAL Marketing

Digital marketing as the words means to use digital media to market their products.In this pandemic digital marketing grow very fast as people have only oftion to explore anything in just one click.Now digital marketing is very big from pen to car everything we buy digitally lost of shopping site provides Products at very low cost and at home .

Not only in shopping but in education digital marketing now a very big industry . everyone is now online every student doing their online class .we can easily search any topic and read . There are lot of new industries come up to provide different platforms to explore but the challenge is for the right information of the right products to reach the right customer. This is where digital marketing comes in.

Through data mining, it is easy for marketers to target the right audience with the right advertisement of products that they might need. This is what makes digital marketing successful more than anything. Finding and targeting the right audience can increase sales drastically. Some tools can be used to analyze and suggest better options for marketing as well. This helps sellers market their products.

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We must use this opportunity to develop our skill and knowledge and ready for the future because everything is going to be online.BE THE PART OF CHANGE&MAKE THE CHNGE .

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In today’s era, everything has gone online. Internet has made our lives better and through this we can enjoy many facilities only through phone or laptop.We can do many things like online shopping, ticket booking, recharges, bill payments, online transactions (online shopping, ticket booking, recharge, bill payment, online transactions) etc. through internet. Due to this trend of users towards Internet, businesses are adopting Digital Marketing.If we look at market stats, about 80% of shoppers do online research before buying any product or before taking service. In such a situation, digital marketing becomes important for any company or business.

What does digital marketing?

Digital marketing is the response to marketing your goods and services through digital means. Digital marketing is done through the Internet. We can connect to it through internet, computer, mobile phone, laptop, website advertisements or any other applications.The first few attempts were made in the 1980s to establish a digital market but this was not possible. Its name and usage started in the late 1990s.

Digital marketing is a simple way to reach new customers. It carries out marketing activities. It can also be called online marketing. Digital marketing is marketing to reach more people in less time. It is a technological developing area.Digital marketing allows the producer to reach his customer as well as keep an eye on their activities, their needs. Where the customer is trending, what the customer is looking for, all these can be discussed through digital marketing. Simply put, digital marketing is a means of reaching customers through digital technology.

Future of Digital Marketing

Change is the law of life, you all know this. How much has changed in the first time and in today’s life and today is the age of the Internet. People of all varnas are connected to the Internet today, due to all this it is easy to collect all the people in one place, which was not possible in the first time. Through internet, we can also establish the connection of all businessmen and customers.

The demand for digital marketing is being seen very strongly in the present times. The merchant who is making his goods is easily passing on to the customer. This is giving a boost to digital business.

Earlier, had to resort to advertisements. The customer looked at him, then liked, then he bought it. But now goods can be sent directly to the consumer. Every person is using Google, Facebook, YouTube, etc., through which the trader shows his product to the customer. This trade is within the reach of all – traders and consumers too.

Every person gets every use thing without any hard work. The businessman does not even have to think of resorting to newspapers, posters, or advertisements. In view of the convenience of all, there is demand for it. People’s trust is also moving towards the digital market. This is a matter of joy for a businessman. The saying goes, “What you see is what sells” – the digital market is a good example of this.

Communication skills

Good communication is very important to convey what is there in the mind. Whatever language, communicating in a understandable way is very important. communication today is very important both in the business world and in private life.

Even though the person is good at skills and is capable of doing things better, lack of communication degrades the skills and brings a negative mark on the person which is a bad thing for the individual.

Top 5 communication skills and How to improve them

Developing strong communication skills is essential when it comes to building a successful careee. Communication skills play a key role in your private life too. These 5 skills are absolutely necessary for sucessful commuincation in the workplace or private life.

1. Listening :

Listening is one of the most important aspects of communication. Successful listening is not just and understanding of spoken or written information, but also an understanding of how the speaker feels during communication. If a speaker can see and feel that someone is listening and understanding that can help build a stronger, deeper realtionship between interlocutors.

Careful listening can also create an environment in which everyone feels safe to express ideas, opinions and feelings, or plan and solve problems in a creative way.

2. Straight talking :

Conversation is the basis of communication, and one must not neglect its importanc. Even a simple, friendly conversation with colleafues can build mutual trust and even detect problems before they become serious. A healthy does of chatting with and unknown person can lead to a business opportunity . Be accessible and friendly because then you will be able to talk to almost anymore.

3. Non- verbal communication :

When we talk about things that matter to us then we send a lot of nonverbal messages. Non verbal signals are wordless communication, body position, facial experssion, hand movements, gestures, eye contact, attitude and tone of your voice, muscle tension and the way you breathe. The way you look, listen create, react, gesture , speaks far more about feelings than words will ever be able to.

4. Stress Management :

In small quantities, stress can be very useful and encouraging for work . However, when the stress becomes constant and completely begins to take effect, it can affect communication, clarity of opinion and appropriate behavior and action. When you are under stress you may misunderstand other people, send confusing nonverbal signals, and use funny patterns of behavior.

5. Emotion control :

In communication, feelings play an important role. Making decisions more often affects the way you feel than the way you think. Gudided by emotions, your nonverbal behavior affects the understanding of other people and how others understand and perceive you. Control of emotions provides you with tools to understand others, yourself and the messages you send. Though recognizing feelings makes it simple, many people have strong feeling like anger, sorrow, or fear being pushed under the carpet.

Importance of communication :

Communication thus helps understand people better removing misunderstanding and creating clarity of thoughts and expression. The communication brings people together, closer to each other. The communication is an important management function closely associated with all other managerial functions.

Everybody has their own way of communicating. It is influenced by cultural background, the way someone was raised, their gender, their temperament, and much more. At that point true communication may become utterly impossible. Sometimes we may have a difficult time understanding anothers feelings , needs and habits.

* communication serves four major functions with a group of organization :

* control

* Motivational

* Emotional expression

* Information

* communication serves five major purposes :

* to inform

* to express feelings

* to imagine

* to influence and

* to meet social expectations

For example:

For instance, if an individual is going to an interview with great confidence. An individual who is good at different kinds of skills, and also good at executing them and he is lack of communication skills. As the person is not a good communicator, the person faces difficulty in explaining the things to the other person which is known to him. Instantly, this brings a bad impression on the person and a negative mark will be marked on him. The negative mark has a lot to do with. The negative mark can also lead to the rejection of the person in the interview.

Being knowledgeable is very important to achieve certain goals in life, attaining good communication skills and being a good communicator is also equally important to achieve high in the life. Being a good communicator is not A big deal. It is so easy as the lifestyle. Any individual can be good communicator if he communicates all the time with other people in the possible way.

Education in the present

Education is very important in every individual’s life as it is very important for the living. The person who is educated will be well treated by the society and will you have good potential wherever he or she goes. Education as the extra energy to the individual’s life and a moles the individuals character into a good one. It is very important to be educated as the competition in the world is comparatively very high.

Online classes are the greatest and the biggest task to all the students. It is so difficult for all the students to understand the topics in a detailed manner. Even though the students try their level best to understand the topics during the online class, it is only the 50% of learning but the topics are not understood properly but the students and face lots of difficulties.

It is also equal difficult to conduct exams to all mine because it’s exams are connected through online then there is a chance formal practices. Basically, students commit malpractices during exams in a view to get good marks but not about the knowledge. So,many of the students commit malpractices.

Ways to improve the education system

* skill – based learning :

As of now , the education system is such that everyone is forced to study science and math. If this system can be revamped to identify the strengths of a student, then they can be given appropriate training in the chosen field. This will ensure that the child shines in that particular field.

* Rural Education :

As the sad thing about the Indian education system is the fact that its focus is only on urban clusters. There are hardly any decent centres of learning in the rural areas. This is especially true in terms of higher education. If a country has to actually develop, urban and rural development have to go hand in hand.

* Gender Neutral Education :

The education system has always favoured men over the fairer sex. The major change that must be brought about is to involve women in the same. Particularly subjects that are now considered to be the strength of men alone ( like carpentry, engineering, etc). Should be made more accessible to women. Pioneer women in these fileds should be given due encouragement and appreciation.

* Teacher Training :

India has a very good quality of dedicated teachers. However, the sad fact here is the fact that after they join this service, they receive little or no training. In such a situation, giving them periodic training will not just ensure that they are updated with the changing times, but will also improve the entire education scene of the country by leaps and bounds.

* Infrastructure :

As in every other sector, the indian education sector is one that suffers from the acute death of infrastructure. Most of the government schools do not even have proper chairs, tables, restrooms, let alone a playground, libraries and laboratories. Thus ,the first step in revamping the education scene in the country should begin with improving the infrastructure so that the students are given an evironment where they can learn to the best of their abilities.

* subsidising professional courses :

It is a sad reality that many meritorious students are not able to afford professional corses because of the sheer expense involved in the same. This is all the way truer in case of students from the general category who do not have access to many scholarships. In such a situation subsidising the cost professional education will ensure that the same is within the reach of deserving students from the lower and lower middle class strata of the Indian society.

* Basic computing In Rural Areas :

On one hand , India is a land of IT giants; on the other, rural India is completely digitally ill- equipped, in a sitiation like this, the first change that the education system must bring forward is to start free computing classes for skill development in rural areas. Only then will rural Indian move in the same pace as that of the urban Digital India and the country embark on the journey of development.

* Make sports compulsory :

One of the main reasons for the alarming rise in suicide amongst students in the country is the fact that they cannot handle stress. That in turn is because they are subjected to too much mental pressure. By making sports compusory it can be ensured that all the students indulge in some sort of some physical activity. This will lead to their mind performance better and enable them to grasp their theory lessons well.

* Educate parents :

Most of the times it is seen that the children’s woes centre atound that of their parents. In the Indian scenerio, parents are the ones who force their wards into a career they do not like. As a result students do not excel and upon failing to meet their parents expectations, they suffer from a number of mental health issues. To prevent such a thing from happening, the first step that must be taken is to educate the parents about the different carrer options that are available to the students and the possible scope of future in them.

* Remove The Reservation system :

The reservation system in India has been so obsessed with providing the best of opportunities to the reserved that it misses out on many opportunities for the ones who actually deserve the same. This results in not just personal loss for certain people but also brain drain for the entire country and fosters a massive loss to the nation’s economy.

Today’s education system may be good to score marks, but fails to retain the knowledge once students have completed their examinations. This leads to young minds being stifled at an age when they should be asking questions, learning and gaining knowledge, and developing a thirst for more knowledge.

Why should we care about our privacy?

Privacy in general terms is the right to be left alone or freedom from interference or intrusion. In terms of the internet, privacy is the right to have some control over how your personal information is collected and used.

More technical innovation gives way to more efficient and advanced technologies. In recent years the information has become the most important component to cultivate this innovation. As many new people are coming on the internet and the amount of information being shared is increased manifold. Every organization or individual is entering the realm of the digital world and data is the entity of this world. Data is also very essential to understand a user or a customer or a client but sometimes there is no limit to the amount of data that an internet corporation is willing to extract. Somewhere there has to be a line that needs to be drawn. In recent years there have been many issues regarding the privacy policy of many tech corporations. Facebook has been in controversy much time. Recently Whatsapp’s privacy policy also raised many questions, then in an ironic move Whatsapp raised the question of privacy by suing the government regarding the new Information technology rules. But this is just the tip of the iceberg and numerous other aspects get overlooked. First, we will need to understand what this privacy means for us as individuals. Only then we can clearly determine the relevance of these rapidly changing developments in this subject.  

“Arguing that you don’t care about the right to privacy because you have nothing to hide is no different than saying you don’t care about free speech because you have nothing to say.”

-Edward Snowden

It’s not that privacy means that there is something to hide; rather privacy is having things you don’t want to show. For instance, people would not like to post their Bank account online or Bank statements. People would also not like to have a public camera inside their homes. Similarly, there are some things that an individual would not like to share online. Privacy can provide secrecy, but there is more to it. Privacy also provides autonomy and therefore freedom to an individual. Well, there is even more to privacy than the freedom that many people do not realize which is that when we think we’re being watched, we make behavior choices that we believe other people want us to make.  Humans intrinsically like to avoid societal condemnation and perception of whether or not we are in private changes the way we behave. This indicates the benefit that a state can have with surveillance and can lead to a conformist population.

As it is stated by many that data is the oil and for many tech organizations it truly is. We can witness this with the various technological corporations that rely upon user data including Facebook, Google, Amazon etc. But Even Smartphone manufacturers like Xiaomi have realized the lucrative benefits of collecting and selling user data. For these companies, our data is money and they earn billions of dollars with this data. Both the private tech giants have clauses in their privacy policy that allows government agencies and third parties to access the data. The data that gets uploaded on the internet never gets deleted and stays there forever. What we have to realize is that even if the information seems futile today, it may have an importance tomorrow. In conclusion, privacy is not a trivial issue and people will have to understand its importance until it’s too late.

References:

DOPING

To continue the fight against doping - Fondazione Gianni Benzi Onlus

Doping is not new to the people . In ancient Greece, there were specialists who used to offer athletes nutritional ingredients in order to enhance their physical performance. Those specialists may be compared to the current sports medicine specialists . During the Olympic Games in the third century BC, the athletes tried to increase their sports performance by taking mushrooms and opium . In the Ist centaury AD, the Greek runners used to drink a herbal beverage to increase their strength and become capable to run long distance races. Gladiators are also reported to use various substances for enhancing strength . In the modern era , the use of performance enhancing substances and techniques by the top sportspersons across the world has been a presistent issue in the world of sports for nearly four decades. Since the beginning of the 21st century, many athletes have been engaged in taking such substances. Some of them have been tested positive such as Tim Montgomery, Marion Jones, swimmer Phelps, etc.

Concept of Doping

‘Doping’ is the word, which is used in the field of sports, to refer to the situation when athletes use prohibited substances or methods to unfairly improve their sporting performance. In general terms, doping is the use of performance enhancing substances or methods by athletes to gain an advantage over their competitors . In fact , some athletes take illegal substances to enhance their performance . This activity is known as ‘doping’ . Doping in sports is the deliberate or inadvertent use by an athlete of a substance or method banned by the International Olympic Committee. In fact, the ban or prohibition on such substances is necessary to protect the athletes from the unfair advantage which may be gained by those athletes who use prohibited substances or methods to enhance their performance and also from the possible harmful side effects which these substances or methods can produce. The following definitions of doping may help in understanding its exact meaning:

According to International Olympic Committee, ‘‘Doping is the use of any method or substance that might harm the athlete, in a quest to gain an unfair advantage, over his/her fellow competitors”. In fact, doping is the use of prohibited substances or methods designed to enhance an athlete’s physical or mental abilities or to mask the use of such substances or methods during preparation for or participation in a sports competition .

According to World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) ,” Doping is defined as the occurrence of one or more of the anti-doping rule violations set forth in Article 2.1 through Article 2.8 of the code.”

How To Improve Website Ranking

Many of us often wonder how google determines which website to show for particular keyword searches. According to Backlinko the result which appears first on google gets 31.7% of clicks whereas the website which appears second receives just 0.75% of clicks.

Assume you are a business entrepreneur. You have developed a website that is your digital storefront. Having a digital store is very different from having a brick-and-mortar store. You don’t need a patronizer to call visitors into your store because now what you have are virtual visitors. 

But how do you draw their attention to your website?

The problem with most people is not how they can develop a website or about the blogging in the website; it’s about whether or not they know how to pull maximum traffic for their website.

Among the most important factors which influence search engine optimization and increase the ranking of websites is having a good website’s content, link popularity, and architecture.

  1. Publish Relevant Content.

The content in a website is, without doubt, the number one factor which determines the search engine rankings and there is no substitute for great content. The fact is search engines are designed in such a way that they constantly develop new technologies to reward the quality of content in your website. Among the things that one should be careful of when posting content is having keyword searches including page titles, the format of the text, the links used in the website, its URLs, and its page content. Therefore it is very important to have a good balance of these aspects as they influence the rankings of websites.

  1. SEO Friendly Content.

It is very important to know about what is trending in the market as it generates almost six times more possibility of a website to catch the eye of viewers than it usually does. One needs to write content optimized for the search engine and the users. Having a content length of 1000 to 2000 words can increase the chances of your search engine rankings also.

  1. Website Architecture.

The architecture of a website largely influences the traffic of the website . one should be cautious of having a website that has content that is easy to read. The architecture of a website should be such that it has codes that are well-formed which thereafter makes it easy for the search engines to read the content of the site.

  1. Link Popularity.

The popularity of a website is a great indicator to prove that it has important content in its website. If a website has high traffic it suggests that its website content has relevant information if particular keywords. Many websites also use the trick of using inbound links of other websites to influence the traffic on their website. When a link of another website gets used as a reference to a website, in this case, search engines consider it as a ‘vote of confidence

These are not the only factors which influence the ranking of a website as there are many more factors to it but these are the important factors which you should keep in mind as it does optimize the ranking of a website.

5best windows 10apps to use in 2021

1.REDDIT

Reddit app is one of the social sharing websites and most popular website on the internet. Reddit is an American social news website. Reddit .com is like reading the daily newspaper except that Reddit is “timely”, “interactive”, “personalized”, “pparticipatory”, and absorbing at the time basically, it is a good app to use. Reddit app is a user-friendly app. The way it works is that the people submit links to Reddit (blog post or image or video )and the people vote those links up or down.

It’s a simple idea but it makes Reddit into a list of the best stuff that people are reading or watching on the internet right now.

2.NETFLIX

Netflix, the world’s biggest TV streaming service. Netflix is a paid streaming service that allows you to watch TV shows & movies on demand when you want them on your preferred device as long as you have an internet connection. The service is aimed at card cutter, people who are more interested in watching TV shows and movies online rather than on television.

“As a part of its launch strategy, Netflix is giving the first month of access free to users in India. Netflix offering there different kinds of subscription plans. Those who subscribe to the cutters basic plan can use their Netflix account on only one device at a time. Under standard plan can be used on two devices simultaneously.

3.PINTEREST

Pinterest is a social network allows user to share some frameworks, designed photos. Pinterest is a website that helps you find and organize pictures, ideas, and other interesting things through a series of user-created categories of boards and a series of bookmarks that they call pins. The Pinterest pin can include photos. Pinterest is free to use and versatile .Pinterest is easy to use and it is 100% free.

4.CLUBHOUSE

The clubhouse is an audio-based social platform where you have to just listen to people or just have to contribute via audio there is no such thing as photos, there is no such thing as video and that basically on this app.“Clubhouse invite-only that’s the biggest hurdle of getting into this app.

5.SPOTIFY

Spotify is a audio stream service provider which include digital music and podcast. It parent organisation is SPOTIFY TECHNOLOGY.S.A.
The Spotify stream that allows you to download music and create your own playlist according to the kind of music you like there. Spotify premium include ad-free music, download offline music, and unlimited skips. Spotify offering more premium subscription plans.

Applications of Artificial Intelligence-II

In part-I, we have discussed the meaning, scope, stages of AI, few applications, and benefits/uses of AI in society. in this article, we are going to see about the transportation and medical applications of AI.

AI in Social Problems:

Litterati

It is a crowdsourced litter clean-up app and a global database for litter. Identifies litter type, distribution, and location and helps to find more sustainable solutions.  

In 2017, 1.1 billion cigarettes were found all over the world.

AI in Road Transportation:

Road transport is a major sector where AI can be applied more prominently. AI can make transportation modes much safer, cleaner, smarter, and more efficient. 

Self-driving cars

Self-driving cars are a combination of sensors, cameras, radar, and AI technologies like machine learning and neural networks. Developers use a large amount of data from image recognition systems. Neural networks identify the pattern in data i.e., images from the cameras and sensors. It identifies the traffic signs and signals, boundaries, trees, pedestrian walks..etc.

One such technology developed by Google is Google Waymo Vehicle

Google Waymo Vehicle

It is an example of self-driven cars. It is almost an autonomous vehicle but still needs a human to perform certain functionalities but can drive in ideal conditions. 

Levels of Autonomous Cars

LEVEL 0: No Advanced Driver Assistant System(ADAS) is used. The human driver should drive.

LEVEL 1: ADAS assists the driver by its alert systems by its rear-view cameras, but the driver should take care of the steering, brakes, and acceleration

LEVEL 2: Human presence is important even though ADAS will take care of the steering, brakes, or acceleration.

LEVEL 3: ADAS can take driving tasks and parking can be performed under certain conditions. But still, human is the main driver here and need to take care of the circumstances.

LEVEL 4: The driver need not pay much attention as ADAS can take over the driving.

LEVEL 5: No human help is required. ADAS can drive the vehicle under any circumstances.

Truck platooning

Truck platooning is also an example of Artificial intelligence. It is a heavy coupling of trucks. The first truck is occupied by the human driver and the rest are fully automated. They maintain a minimal distance between them and accelerates at the same rates. It might be a risk during traffic and unexpected accidents might occur. In the future, the risk factor is expected to be less.

AI in Medical Sector:

AI helps health professionals to diagnose the patient faster and more accurately. 

AI is developing innovative drugs and treatments by reducing medical and diagnosis errors by predicting adverse reactions. Lowers the cost of healthcare work providers and patients.

Problems at the healthcare centers

Due to more number of patients, general practitioners and primary care surgeons are over-burdened because of which there are extremely long waiting at the hospitals.

Solution  

Your.MD

Your.MD aka Healthily is the world’s first AI-based health assistant which provides personalized advice about their medical complaints. This app records the symptoms and, maps them with the clinical data compiled from public sources. Engages about thirty doctors to research illness.

Research

It creates a pre-primary care market and eases the burden of medical staff and helps improve their work through digital screening of non-accurate conditions.

Google Launchpad Studio

Creates an ecosystem of applied Machine Learning startups and focuses on healthcare.

BYTEFLIES is the first company to use this studio.

Supervises Learning for Telemedicine 

Technology can be used for good and bad so there is a need to be vigilant. The latest technologies are typically applied to the wealthy. 

But,

“AI has the potential to extend knowledge and understanding to a broader population. Image-based AI diagnoses of medical conditions could allow for a more comprehensive deployment of the telemedicine”. 

Google deep mind

Google deep mind can diagnose diabetic retinopathy like a highly trained ophthalmologist via telemedicine.

‘BETTER DIAGNOSE WITH LESS HUMAN EFFORT’

It uses a portable fundus camera which is deployed in the screening site and transmits images securely to the cloud software platform for analysis and automatically generates a report which facilitates compliance with follow-up examinations.

credits to the right owners of the images used.

5 Trending Technologies in the Whole World

It is 21st century , a century full of technology .People can’t believe how much human have made process in science & technology . There are some trending technologies mentioned below which will give you an idea about human’s progression in technology & their presence in our daily life which make our living easy .

AI technology: It`s full form is Artificial Intelligence. It is a machine, which is able to do human like works, have a human like capability & almost human like intelligence. It is a high level technology controlled by human.  Creator of the word ‘Artificial Intelligence’, Professor John McCarthy told “Artificial Intelligence is the science an engineering of making intelligent machines”. It has wild range of working domain like Robotics, Health care, Marketing, Business analytics and others. AI, machine learning and deep learning have a deep connection among them but they are not same . A great portion of Object detection, Robotics, Expert system are consist of AI. AI has been categories in 3 sections —

1) Artificial Narrow Intelligence: Known as weak AI. AI of type of Ai can be seen in the function of Google Map, Google Alexa, face verification of iphone, Sophia(Robot) etc.

2) Artificial General Intelligence: It is stronger that Artificial Narrow AI.

3) Artificial Super Intelligence: It is still a hypothetical belief in the field of AI technology. It is a belief that this a AI which will surpass the human in future. Such type of AIs can only be seen in movies till now. Some example for usages of AIs in various field —

IBM Watson (in medical) ,Google Eye Doctor (in medical field), Face verification in Facebook, Instagram (in security field) .If you doesn’t know than you should know that Google Recommendation are also controlled by AI.

IOT: Its full form is Internet of Things. It is a giant web like network which control every important device in systematic way and give us the gathered detailed data about them. It works using sensors which are connected usually to those devices. It simply makes connecting between machine and user or owner or receiver. It is used – traffic light, mobile, factory machine, daily using appliances (like, AC, micro oven) etc. Smart car, smart home, smart cities are made on the basis of IOT.

5G Data Network: 5G are 5th Generation of cellular data network. It is 40 time much fast in speed than our current using network 4G LTE. The leading market kings in this field are Switzerland, South Korea and US. The companies which are working on them are Samsung, Intel, Nokia, Deloitte etc. It will give an opportunity for network operating and user experiences after it’s launching in next year.

Data Science: It is a procedure for collecting, arranging and using of the gathered data in a systematic way and find a solution for customer`s problem or predicts the upcoming result by analyzing and processing it. The greatest example of using this data science technology is UBER .UBER uses data science which make possible for their customer to get a cab at any time. Amazon, Flipkart, Netflix are also using data science in their recommendation and other system.

Virtual Reality: VR are a computer-generated environment with stimulation ,which is actually a virtual world and make the user experience this environment. It has high amount of usages in gaming. Now this technology is also use in research fields and in medical purpose for this phobic people. It is also used in Entertainment, Business and fields.

This 5 technologies, which are mentioned above are not the only trending popular technologies in world . There are so many like Augmented Reality, Robotics, Devops, Machine learning, Deep learning, Tactile VR, Big Data analytics, Internet of Behaviors, Devsecops, Human’s Augmentation, Xaas, Cyber security etc.

Vitamins

Vitamins and minerals are very important for everyone to be fitter and healthier. It is very important to consume the food which is rich in vitamins and minerals. And there are many side effects of not consuming vitamins and minerals like vitamin deficiency. Vitamins and minerals are good source of energy.

Nutrients are very important to consume and have good cause. An individual must prefer nutritious food than the junk food. It is very important to eat the fruits and vegetables rather than eating the high calorie food.

Many of the people does not include those fruits and vegetables in their diet. When they do not include the fruits and vegetables it leads to the malnutrition sometimes.

Types of vitamins :

There are 13 essential vitamins. They are vitamins A,C,D,E,K, and the B vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid , biotin,B6, B12, and folate). Vitamins have different jobs to help keep the body working properly. Some vitamins help you resist infections and keep your nerves healthy, while others may help your body get energy from food or help your blood clot properly.

Food sources :

* vitaminD from fatty fish, fish liver oils, fortified milk products, and fortified cereals.

* vitamin B12 from meat, fish, poultry milk, and fortified breakfast cereals. Some people over age 50 have trouble absorbing the vitamin B12 found naturally in foods. They may need to take vitamin B12 supplements and eat foods fortified with this vitamin.

* calcium is a mineral that is important for strong bones and teeth, so there are special recommendations for older people who are at risk for bone lkss. You can get calicium from milk and other dairy, some forms of tofu, dark green leafy vegetables, soyabeans, canned sardines and salmon with bones, and calcium – fortified foods.

* Magnesium is found in foods containing dietary fiber, such as green leafy vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and nuts and seeds. Breakfast cereals and other fortified foods often have added magnesium. It is also present in tap, mineral, or bottled drinking water.

* pottasium is found in fruits, vegetables, meat, and dairy foods. Foods high in potassium include dried apricots, lentils and potatoes. Adults get a lot of their potassium from milk, coffee , tea and other nonalcoholic beverages.

* preparing your own meals at home without using a lot of processed foods or salts will allow you to control how much sodium you get.

* vitamin B6 is found in a wide variety of foods . The richest sources of vitamin B6 include fish, beef liver, potatoes and other starchy vegetables, and fruit ( other than citrus).

* vitamin A can be found in products such as eggs and milk. It can also be found in vegetables and fruits, like carrots and mangoes.

* vitamin C is found in some of the best fruits and vegetables. Citrus fruits, tomatoes, and potatoes can be large source of vitaminC

* vitamin E can be found in nuts like peanuts and almonds and can be found in vegetable oils, too. It can also be found in green vegetables, like broccoli and spinach.

* vitamin B1 in meat- especially pork- and fish. It’s also in whole grains and some fortified breads, cereals, and pastas.

* vitamin B2 in eggs and organ meat, such as liver and kidneys, and lean meat. It is found in green vegetables, like asparagus and broccoil.

* vitamin B3 can be found in some types of nuts, legumes, and grains. It can also be found in poultry , beef, and fish.

* vitamin K can be found in many foods including green leafy vegetables, like spinach and kale and in some fruits, such as blueberries and figs . It can also be found in cheese, eggs and different meats.

* Folate can be found in vegetables and fruit, such as broccoli brussel sprouts, spinach, and oranges. It can also be found in nuts ,

Most of the teenagers consume junk food instead of eating the healthy food that is the fruits and vegetables. The junk food contain some preservatives in it and they’re also rich in fats and carbohydrates which are not so good. Doing a mistake is acceptable but doing the mistake even after knowing the truth is a bad one. So, all the teenagers must know the need of the situation and must bring the awareness among the people who are addicted to the junk food. They must motivate the people who are in it all the time.

Basics of C++ Programming

What is C++ ?

is a general-purpose programming language created by Bjarne Stroustrup as an extension of the C programming language, or “C with Classes”. The language has expanded significantly over time, and modern C++ now has object-oriented, generic, and functional features in addition to facilities for low-level memory manipulation. It is almost always implemented as a compiled language, and many vendors provide C++ compilers. C++ was designed with an orientation toward system programming and embedded, resource-constrained software and large systems, with performance, efficiency, and flexibility of use as its design highlights. C++ has also been found useful in many other contexts, with key strengths being software infrastructure and resource-constrained applications,including desktop applications, video games, servers (e.g. e-commerce, web search, or databases), and performance-critical applications (e.g. telephone switches or space probes).

Tokens in C++

  1. Identifiers: Identifiers are names given to different elements such as variables,arrays, structures, functions, classes, objects etc.It should not be keywords
  2. Keywords: These are reserved words used for specific purpose in a program. Keywords have fixed meaning, and its meaning cannot be changed.
  3. Constants:
  4. Constants are like a variable, having fixed value . Their value never changes during execution of program once they are defined.
  5. Strings: A sequence or a set of characters is known as a string.
  6. Operators: C++ operator is a symbol that is used to perform mathematical or logical operations.

Keywords in C++

asm continue float new static unsigned
auto default for private struct using
bool delete friend protected switch virtual
break do goto public template void
case double if register this volatile
catch else inline return throw wchar_t
char enum int short try while
class extern long signed typedef
const export namespace sizeof union

Datatypes in C++

Sr. No. Data Type Category Data Types
1 Built-in Data Types char, wchar_t, int, long, float, double, long double
2 Derived Data Types Array , Pointer
3 User-defined data types Structure, Union,  Class and Enumerated
4Data Qualifiers / Modifiers short, long , signed , unsigned

Operators in C++

Sr. No. Type of operators Operators
1 Arithmetic operators + – * / %
2 Unary operators – ++ – –
3 Relational operators < <= > >= == !=
4 Logical operators ! || && 
5 Assignment operators = += -= *= /= %=
6 Conditional operator ? :
7 Bitwise operators | Bitwise OR & Bitwise AND ^ Bitwise Ex-OR ~ 1’s complement << Shift Left >> Shift Right

Variables in C++

•Variables are the name of memory locations that are allocated by compilers, and
the allocation is done based on the data type used for declaring the variable.

Decision Making Statements in C++

  1. if statement
  2. if-else statement
  3. Nested if-else statement
  4. else-if ladder statement
  5. switch statement

Looping Statements in C++

  1. while statement
  2. do-while Statement
  3. for statement
  4. Nested Loops

Control Statements in C++

  1. break statement
  2. continue statement

Structures in C++

•A set or a group of data items of different data types defined in a single
unit is known as a structure.
•A structure is a convenient tool for handling a group of logically related data items.
•A structure is a user defined data type
•Once the structure type has been defined, it is easy to create variables of that type
using declarations

C++ Compilers

  1. MinGW / GCC
  2. Borland C++
  3. Dev C++
  4. Embracadero
  5. Clang
  6. Visual C++
  7. Intel C++
  8. Code Block

Java Applets (Inshort)

What is an Applet?

Applet is a small program which provides a Graphical User Interface (GUI) to user.Applet programs are executed with a special JDK tool- appletviewer. An applet is a Java program that runs in a Web browser. An applet can be a fully functional Java application because it has the entire Java API at its disposal.When a user views an HTML page that contains an applet, the code for the applet is downloaded to the user’s machine. A JVM is required to view an applet.

What is difference between Applet and Application?

Sr. No.ApplicationApplet
1.Applications are just like a Java programs that can be execute independently without using  web browser.Applets are small Java programs that are designed to be included with HTML web document. They require a Java-enabled web browser for execution.
2.Application program requires a main function for its execution.Applet does not require a main function for its execution.
3.Java application programs have the full access to the local file system  network.Applets don’t have local disk and network access.
4.Applications can access all kinds of resources available on the system.Applets can only access the browser specific services. They don’t have access to the local system.
5.Applications can executes the programs from the local system.Applets cannot execute programs from the local machine.
6.An application program is needed to perform some task directly for the user.An applet program is needed to perform small tasks or the part of it.

Applet Life Cycle

Applet Methods Sequence

Conclusion

As it operates on the client side, it requires much less response time. Any browser that has JVM operating in it can operate it. 

CONVERTING LANGUAGES AS PER CUSTOMER’S PREFERENCE

Guidance for using your favorite media in your own preferred language

Let me discuss about a world-wide used social media platform that is absolutely a messenger to connect their closed ones via messages, calls or video chats. This messenger is utilized by more than 200 million people in these modern days that has been accessed in 180 countries to try this platform. A user-friendly application that is helpful for people among different age groups. The aspect of this pandemic is by using this messenger we were able to connect with our surroundings that includes friends, family and relations to be in personal touch with them.

It gives a feeling of satisfaction as if their connections are in reality with them. It was recently owned by the successfully running platform Facebook in which some unique features are also added to enhance and improvise their customers. But it is necessary to know all the tools and features hidden in this application for better performance of this platform in certain situations. A reliable app for chatting, calling that is valid for all phones world-wide.

Explore the wide range of platform so you get a better understanding about it and to share your knowledge with new comers/users to it. This social media can be used in pc, laptops and even mobile phones of any version.

In smartphones, you can find WhatsApp in Play Store or App Store to download according to your operating system. Mostly the specifications will be a compatible one for latest arrival of gadgets so you need not worry whether will it work on your mobile.

It is noted that the media consists of 40 languages only for iOS especially but there 60 languages to be found in any android phones followed as per the same rules for laptops and pc. They have considered ten local languages only from India to be used in their application (Hindi, Bangla, Punjabi, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Kannada, Malayalam).

This hassle-free module helps us in changing from one language to another language that has only been recognized in their servers to be used. But for doing this there are certain that can be tedious for you but don’t worry a step-by-step procedure with guidance might help you out in sorting this issue simply. 

Since there two different operating systems within these handy gadgets there are separate rules for each one. So, I request to observe and read my content carefully before doing things on your as it might make you puzzled.

Exploring on your own is really appreciable but if you can’t find where to even start or any knowledge regarding it (especially freshers), I request to adopt my guidelines with little attention to solve it.

Keep patience while doing this work as it has a little procedure one after the another simultaneously. I consider myself that I have created an awareness and the instructions of downloading it, now let me move on to sorting out Language issues.

  1. Converting to a preferred language in android

Open/get inside your application of WhatsApp on your gadget so you can find your chats in the display screen. Tap the three dots on the right end top of your screen so you enter into those options. Now try to figure out the Settings option in your device and tap on the chats below in that running application. Go inside the languages of the application and find out your favorite language and choose it so they from that time onwards you can use language as per your own preference to all your connections.

Or directly enter your mobile settings where you can find system option that takes you to various languages and input supported by your device. So, after selecting the option of languages and input go through open languages as you can find multiple languages and long press on a language position to make it as your desirable language or add a separate own language of yours if you don’t find one.

  • Changing a preferred language in Apple models (iOS)

So, for changing a chat language in WhatsApp especially in a sophisticated operating system like iPhones it is a bit different from ordinary ones but it isn’t a very tough process. Try adopting my ways of selecting your own preferred language to use conveniently.

Enter your phone settings that can be visible in your display screen followed by the option of general. Then click on the feature of Language and others where you have a choice of selecting your language for the high standardized phone. Now you find a multiple number of languages in your gadget, so by selecting on a language continue with the option done and apply the changes to use your newly changed language in your iPhone.

These are the simple and easy ways to modify your language as per your preference and utilize the benefits at ease. These methods can help you out to land on a correct lane as I have explained them at my simple terms that can clearly make you understand of the process. Try it out and be happy fellas.

Machine Learning Algorithms

According to Arthur Samuel (1959), Machine Learning is a field of study that gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed.

Tom Mitchell (1998) Well-posed Learning Problem: A computer program is said to learn from experience E with respect to some task T and some performance measure P, if its performance on T, as measured by P, improves with experience E.

Machine learning algorithms

  1. Supervised learning
  2. Unsupervised learning
  3. Reinforcement learning

Supervised learning

It is machine learning task of at function that maps an input to on output based on example input-output pair. Basically Supervised learning is learning in which We teach or train the machine using data which is well labelled that means Some data is already tagged with correct answer. We pass data, train it and predict output.

Example 1 – House price prediction : In this data set can be given a which contain locality, size of house, age, no. of rooms, price at which it sell. In this are example locality, size of house are independent variables from which we can we predict house price. In this we can take prices of other houses to train our data. We take real prices map them and can predict price.

Example 2 – If we have different kinds of Fruits. To train the machine with all different Fruits one by one like shape of fruit, colour. Since machine has already learned from previous data this time it will classify fruit with its colour and shape and give output.

  • supervised learning allows collecting data and produce data output from previous experience.
  • It helps to solve various types of real world computation problems.

Unsupervised learning:

It is the training of machine using information that is neither classified nor labeled and allowing the algorithm to act on that without guidance. In this past data is pointless and we need to club similar data together. There is no way to measure similarity before we run the program. It is less accurate.

Example 1 – Google news : In google news, clustering where they use to club similar types of news together. They find some keywords, club similar news and show it on feed.

Example 2 – Feature selection : Assume that we want to predict how capable an applicant is of repaying a loan from the perspective of a bank now, we need to help the bank set up machine learning system so that each loan given to applicant who can repay the loan. So by gathering the Information about applicants average monthly income, debt credit & history we can predict this

Reinforcement learning

It means to establish & encourage a pattern of behavior. It is area of machine learning concerned with how software agent ought to take actions in an environment in order to maximize the notion of cumulative reward.

Example 1 – Chess game : In chess game there are different types of pieces which can move differently. The next move will depend om opponent move or your previous. It is trial and error and decision is dependent.

Example 2 – Web system configuration : there are so many parameters in web system and the process of tuning the parameters requires a skilled operator. This can be automated by using reinforcement machine learning technique to learn from different trial & error phases.