Thappad And The Volume It Speaks

Thappad: Bas Itni si Baat? Is a Hindi Movie directed by Anubhav Sinha, starring Taapsee Pannu as the main lead, Amrita. Some other cast of the movie include Pavil Gulati as Vikram Sabharwal, Amrita’s husband, Tanvi Azmi as Sulekha Sbharwal: Amrita’s mother-in-law, Kumud Mishra and Ratna Pathak Shah as Amrita’s Father and Mother and many other artists.


The movie’s main plot revolves around the orthodox Indian belief that woman should bear the responsibility of protecting her marriage and for that sake bearing any form of injustice or violence that she is faced upon with, in a silent and obedient manner. Thappad movie subtly touches the hearts and minds of the audience as it conveys a strong moral message that is highly needed in today’s world. This makes the movie stand out from the regularly entertainment-based movies that are preferred by the present generation in great demands.


The movie starts off by showing the dedicated house-wife Amrita who puts forth the needs of her husband and his family before her own wishes. Her husband Vikram, who is a workaholic is seen to prioritize himself and his needs before Amrita’s and expects Amrita to do the same. The story takes a major turn when Vikram slaps Amrita in the party organized at home, in anger and frustration due to some promotional issues in his company.
After this, the movie rolls forward with the decision of Amrita to take some time off from Vikram and his family in order to sort out her overwhelming feelings that occur after the slap incident. Thereby Amrtita deciding to return to her own home.


This whole plot raises not only a question of ethics and moral rights but also gender inequality.
The female characters in the movie are trodden and looked down upon by their own husbands and in-laws, just for the reason that they are females, thereby highlighting the thinking of Indians towards female.


The movie shows how even when a woman faces inequality in her marriage, the society and her own family expects and teaches her to bear the inequality and domestic violence all for the sake of protecting her marriage. We see the mother-in-law making comments like, “log Kya kahenge” and “Aaurto ko thoda sehna siklhna chaqhiye.” Throughout the story when Amrita suffers from the dilemma after the slap, no one comes for her comfort and neither does anyone blame or tell Vikram that he is at fault. Again, highlighting the concept of Man to be always right no matter what he does in his marriage.


Amrita’s fight doesn’t start because of a single slap, but the story perfectly weaves the injustice that she has been bearing up and moving on all along. It’s just that it takes that one slap for Amrita to realise how she has been living all along in her marriage. How she had to kill her only wish in life, which was to have respect and be happy. She realises how after her marriage all she did was become a submissive housewife. Though Vikram plays the negative role, who even after slapping his wife thinks that it was just an act due to heat of the moment and does not feel sorry for his action, is still empathised towards the end as he finally realises his mistake. This portrays how parents play a major role in the upbringing of children, as they are the first teachers from whom they learn the right and wrong in life.
Another gruesome scene that wrecks the heart of the audience is when the female lawyer is being raped by her own husband. One who does not know the definition of rape might not consider this as rape, however the definition of Rape is having sex with another person forcefully and without the consent of the other person. This applies even in relationships and to married couples. The female lawyer clearly denies the husband’s approach to have sex with him, however she finally gives up her struggle to resist when her husband forces himself upon her. The outline drawn from here is how women are expected to please and be sex objects for their men. A disgusting conventional ideology that still pertains in India is how husbands have the right to do whatever they like with their wives even when the wives do not agree to it.


The movie satisfies to a great extent and conveys a very important message that how women should stand for their own happiness and respect even if it means going against the odds. It also talks about how the preaching’s of the society are not always right. Although I liked the movie on a whole, but I was a bit disappointed by the ending of the movie. According to me, it ended on a positive note, with Vikram realising his mistakes. This may make the audience lose faith in the concept of fighting for their rights because it’s not always going to be this easy for your significant other to realise his fault. Also, the ending in a way hints the possibility of Amrita and Vikram getting back together ion future which may not always happen in every case. Apart from this, I feel the movie was great and is a really nice movie to watch and teach the present generation.

MONSOON- A SEASON NOT SO CHERISHED BY THE STRAYS

Putting an end to a long wait, surviving the hot humid weather for a great deal of time, monsoon has finally set foot in many parts of India. Albeit late than the scheduled date, it comes as a great relief for all. But the strays are badly affected by the monsoon since they don’t have a roof to cover them. Not everyone lives a life filled with luxuries. And sadly, stray dogs are among them. While a good amount of care is taken by pet parents during this weather, strays are often left to sustain on their own and not much heed is paid to them. They may have to sleep in muddy waters, walk through the puddles, and may have nothing to eat resulting in ticks, fleas, and maggots causing serious damages to their bodies. The maggots and ticks are a result of the moisture that favors their growth on the skin layer of the dogs.

Pneumonia is another danger many dogs suffer from due to frequent contact with dirty water which is home to a lot of bacteria during this weather. While the pet dogs get proper treatment, strays are devoid and suffer all alone.

Some dogs with an inappropriate immunity are exposed to a high fever which when not aided properly, can prove fatal for them.

While many help out the strays in these situations, others turn a blind eye to them. Some may try to help but due to feelings of obstruction and lack of resources, refrain from the same.

Here’s how one can help out the strays, using simple and easily doable techniques during the rains or the monsoon season altogether. 

  1. Keeping some fresh food or leftover food – Filling their stomachs is a big problem the strays face which is also the primary reason for territorial aggression. During rains, food is scarce and whatever food the strays come across is mostly spoilt. So, one can prepare a chapatti or two extra and some boiled rice or store the leftover food instead of throwing it in the bin.
  2. Clean water – Water during rainy days is contaminated with a lot of mud, silt, and bacteria. It is advisable to keep clean water for them so that the risk of infections and fever is significantly reduced.
  3. Keeping medicines available – Keep a check on the temperature and keep some general medicines that are favorable to all dogs handy in case of causality.
  4. Providing them shelter at your house – It is understandable that some people don’t like the presence of dogs around them. But, that’s how life goes. We help each other and stand by each other in trying times. If elders or someone in your house are against the idea, try convincing them and provide shelter to the strays. Keep old mattresses or newspapers for them to sleep on. 
  5. Building a shelter for them at a nearby park or unattended accommodation– Get in touch with the RWA of your area or the municipalities and pool in some money for the creation of shelters where the strays are safe during the monsoon months. This will be helpful and will be pocket-friendly too.

Mentioned above are simple steps that one can follow to help the strays. These are economically friendly and would not lead to consumption of your precious time and will also prove helpful to these friendly and loveable creatures.

Universal Basic Income(UBI)

Universal Basic income(UBI), also called citizen’s income, citizen’s basic income, basic income guarantee, basic living stipend, guaranteed annual income, or universal demo grant, is a theoretical governmental public program for a periodic payment delivered to all citizens of a given population without a means test or work requirement. It’s main purpose is to reduce inequality and eliminate poverty.

Features of UBI:

1. Universal Scheme: UBI is a universal scheme in nature. It means UBI is not targeted so all citizens of the country will receive the payment of cash without any discrimination.

2. Periodic: Money will be distributed to the beneficiaries at a fixed interval i.e. monthly/yearly.

3. Cash Payment: The beneficiaries will get the cash directly into their account. So they won’t get anything in kind of cash i.e. vouchers for goods or services.

4. Unconditional Scheme: It means one need not prove his or her unemployment status or socio-economic identity to be eligible for UBI. So social or economic positions of the Beneficairy/individual are not taken into consideration.

5. Individual Beneficiary: In this scheme each citizen (or adult citizen) is considered as the beneficiary rather than each household.

An unconditional income that is sufficient to meet a person’s basic needs (i.e., at or above the poverty line) is sometimes called a full basic income; if it is less than that amount, it may be called a partial basic income.
One central motive for basic income is the belief that automation and robotization is paving the way for a world with fewer paid jobs.

Today, disruptive technologies like artificial intelligence are ushering in productivity gains that we have never seen before. They are also steadily reducing human capital requirements, making jobs a premium. The gap between the rich and everyone else has expanded significantly in recent years, and many fear that automation and globalization will widen it further.

Good Idea Why?

1. Currently, the government provides services through various social welfare schemes but now the government wants to change this trend by giving them cash so that peoples can buy services/goods of their choice.

2. UBI will provide secured income to individuals.

3. The scheme will reduce poverty and income inequality in society.

4. It will increase the purchasing power of the poor, so aggregate demand in the economy will get a boost.

5. It is easy to implement because the government needs not to identify the beneficiaries which is very tough task for State and Central Government.

6. This scheme will reduce the wastage of government money because its implementation is very simple.

If the only choice were between mass impoverishment and a UBI, a UBI would be preferable.

UBI is a project for reforming capitalism into an economic system by empowering labor in relation to capital, granting workers greater bargaining power with employers in labor markets, which can gradually de-commodify labor by separating work from income. This would allow for an expansion in the scope of the social economy by granting citizens greater means to pursue non-work activities (such as art or other hobbies) that do not yield strong financial returns.

Such a program would allow people to spend their money on whatever they value most. It would create a broad sense of ownership and a new constituency to shake up the system of big-money politics. Studies of conditional cash-transfer programs in developing economies have found that such policies can empower women and other marginalized groups.

Bad Idea Why?

1. There is a strong possibility that free cash to the poor can make them lazy or it may reduce the incentive for work, increasing the rate of inflation in the economy.

2. There is no guarantee that the given cash will be spent on productive activities, health & education, etc. It may be spent on tobacco, alcohol, drugs, and other luxury goods etc.

3. It may be that workers can refuse to work (as it had been observed in the case of MGNREGA) as a laborer or demand higher wages which can increase the cost of production of agricultural goods.

4. UBI is a flawed idea, not least because it would be prohibitively expensive unless accompanied by deep cuts to the rest of the safety net.

5. Without major cost savings, federal tax revenue would have to be doubled, which would impose massive distortionary costs on the economy.

And, no, a permanent UBI could not be financed with government debt or newly printed currency. Sacrificing all other social programs for the sake of a UBI is a terrible idea. Such programs exist to address specific problems, such as the vulnerability of the elderly, children, and disabled people.

Imagine living in a society where children still go hungry, and where those with severe health conditions are deprived of adequate care, because all the tax revenue has gone to sending monthly checks to every citizen, millionaires and billionaires included.
Basic economic theory implies that taxes on income are distortionary in as much as they discourage work and investment. Moreover, governments should avoid transfers to the same people from whom they collect revenue, but that is precisely what a UBI would do.

Besides, a more sensible policy is already on offer: a negative income tax, or what is sometimes called “guaranteed basic income.”
Rather than giving everyone $1,000 per month, a guaranteed-income program would offer transfers only to individuals whose monthly income is below $1,000, thereby coming in at a mere fraction of a UBI’s cost.

In conclusion it can be said that history has proven that freebies never changed the economic conditions of the people. So giving a sum of Rs.7,620 per person/year will not change much as we have seen this in the MGNREGA schemes which gives Rs.10,000 per year to the people.

So the government should focus to increase the skill of the people at free cost rather than free cash.

TABLE ETTIQUES AND IT HAS A MEANING!!!!!

WHEN WE MOVE INTO A RESTAURANT WE FOCUS ON EATING DELICIOUS FOOD BUT WE DOESN’T KNOW ABOUT THE CUTLERY (i.e.FROK and KNIFE) PLACING AFTER MEAL HAS A MEANING.LETS SEE ABOUT THE CUTLERY PLACING STYLES AND ITS MEANING.

1)BREAK :

If you talking to someone or using a restroom you can keep like this . It makes the server to know that you are not finished eating.

2)NEXT PLATE :

If you finished your first meal and ready to eat the second meal or waiting for the second meal to come. You can keep your cutlery this way.

3) excellent:

This way of cutlery placing indicates that you liked and enjoyed the meal very much . It was a way to appreciate the cook and the waiter/server that they are doing great.

4) FINISHED:

Keeping the cutlery parallel to each other means that you are done eating.

5)DIDN’T LIKE:

Inserting knife inside the fork means that you didn’t like the food and the service was bad .

What You Can Learn from Anne Frank’s Diary

A 13-year-old girl who was introduced through her relatable chapter about teachers was how I remembered Anne Frank before reading her diary. I still remember her phrase, “Teachers are the most unpredictable creatures in this World” because it was the funniest and most truthful statement that I had ever come across in my grade-school life. But it wasn’t until recently, years later, when I decided to give a shot at reading the complete diary of Anne Frank. And let me tell me, it totally wowed me away.

Anne Frank was born in Frankfurt, Germany in 1929. She was a Jew and her full name was Annelise Marie Frank. On her 13th birthday, her father Otto Frank gifted her a diary as a birthday gift. However, this diary became a place of solace and the chronicles of German-Nazi events as recorded by Anne Frank when she went into hiding with her family from the German Nazi in ‘Secret Annexe’. (1942- 1944). She died in 1945 after her family was captured by the Nazis and later killed in Holocaust. Her father Otto Frank, who was the last survivor, discovered Anne’s diary and decided to publish it.

Anne’s diary carries her confessions, philosophies, and convictions. The beginning of her diary starts on a casual note as Anne confesses her emotions to her diary ‘Kitty. She talks about her social life, crushes, and school. However, these entries change once she goes into hiding with her family and admits her worries, faults, anxiety, and ideas that she faces in the ‘Secret Annex’. Her thoughts are profound and simple, exploring the tiniest details of life and her longing for the joys and sorrows of ordinary life.

When I first read her complete diary, there were many instances where I was shooked by her maturity and thoughtfulness, and there were moments where I sympathized, related, and longed for life with her. What was more intriguing for me was how the thoughts that I began to have when I was 18 were the thoughts that Anne had at the age of 13. Her keen observations about life and herself made me realize so many things that I was blind to before. There were instances where I found her childish side and there were instances where I saw the grown-up in her. At each stage she made me feel for her and her philosophies.

So here is a short compilation of her profound thoughts that I have picked for you. I hope you can learn and appreciate life and people the way Anne did, and maybe get a bit more curious about this girl and decide to grab her diary to explore more of her life and thoughts.

At such moments I don’t think about all the misery, but about the beauty that still remains. This is where Mother and I differ greatly. Her advice in the face of melancholy is: “Think about all the suffering in the world and be thankful you’re not part of it.” My advice is: “Go outside, to the country, enjoy the sun and all nature has to offer. Go outside and try to recapture the happiness within yourself; think of all the beauty in yourself and in everything around you and be happy.

We aren’t allowed to have any opinions. People can tell you to keep your mouth shut, but it doesn’t stop you from having your own opinion. Even if people are still very young, they shouldn’t be prevented from saying what they think.

How noble and good everyone could be if, every evening before falling asleep, they were to recall to their minds the events of the whole day and consider exactly what has been good and bad. Then without realizing it, you try to improve yourself at the start of each new day.

As long as this exists, this sunshine and this cloudless sky, and as long as I can enjoy it, how can I be sad?

I soothe my conscience now with the thought that it is better for hard words to be on paper than that Mummy should carry them in her heart.

Because paper has more patience than people.

Start your own business – Part 1

During the lockdown, most of us lost our jobs and most of us got less paid than our actual wages due to the unpredictable economic statics and decrease percentage. So, everyone started to realize one passive income is not sufficient to run our lifestyle, especially in this pandemic situation. We always need two carriers to make money and satisfy our life needs.

  • One is PROFESSION
  • Another one is PASSION


A profession is something that you don’t hate but you do that to move on in day-to-day life. And passion is something that you love to do and doing that without any expectations. Nowadays nothing is free except viruses. So, even though if you love your passion as much as you even don’t give a second thought to get money out of it. You have to change that pessimistic mentality. Everything is an opportunity to improve both sides. That’s called Win and win solution. If you are teaching something he is earning knowledge and you are earning your deeds as money. So, how one can begin a start-up business? We are going to look at the most possible works to do without a large sum of investment. But, still get some side income from them. You don’t need to find a location or giant machines or decorating them etc… All you need is essential types of equipment for the idea in your mind and some Magic in your hands to achieve your destination. You can work from your home and sell them on Social Media like amazon, Instagram or you can even create your own website to place your products at one point.

Costume designing:

Costume designing is the best way to make a good profit out of essentials. All you need is an innovative mind, designing knowledge, fabrics, and sewing machine. And some customers must have their own ideas about their idea costumes. So, you can even customize your orders according to your customers. And trust me customizing optional website are countable in India. But people require customizing costume designers. You can do costumes like scarfs, veils, hats, dresses and innovative fashion and eligant costumes. Especially, people will roll over the red carpet for you if you sell them at affordable ranges.

Skincare products Making:

Skincare making is the Bestest economical friendly business. It doesn’t need higher investments but still, you can get a good profit if your products are reasonable and if you have magic in your hands to treat someone’s skin problem.

Nowadays skin problems are common to every human. If getting rid of the skin problems are one side. But, choosing a product to give a try is something everyone confuses. You can do skin products to the people’s according to the type of skin. People will celebrate you once they get visible changes. And people love natural ingredients without side effects keep it noted. There is a huge demand for good home-made products like hair oils, hair wash powders, soaps, cleansers, face packs, serums, etc.,

Some extra amount is something that no one will say no to. We will enroot many passionate start-up businesses like this in our upcoming articles. So, it’s time to switch our passion into action.

A “wobble” in the moon’s orbit, according to NASA, may cause record flooding on Earth.

Because of a “wobble” in the moon’s orbit, which is acting in concert with climate change-fueled rising sea levels, every coast in the United States is experiencing fast-growing high tide floods.

New research published recently in the journal Nature Climate Change by NASA and the University of Hawaii warns that future changes in the moon’s orbit might result in record flooding on Earth in the next decade.

Researchers discovered flooding in American coastal towns may be many times worse in the 2030s, when the next moon “wobble” is projected to begin, by mapping the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) sea-level rise scenarios, flooding thresholds, and astronomical cycles. They predict major infrastructure damage and community displacement as a result of the water.

While the study emphasizes the grave position that coastal towns are in, the lunar wobble is a natural phenomenon that was first documented in 1728. The moon’s orbit causes periods of greater and lower tides every 18.6 years, although they aren’t harmful in and of themselves.

“Earth’s typical daily tides are suppressed during half of the Moon’s 18.6-year cycle: high tides are lower than usual, and low tides are higher than normal,” NASA says. “Tides are magnified in the second part of the cycle, with high tides getting higher and low tides getting lower. High tides are only going to get higher as the world’s sea level rises. As a result, half of the 18.6-year lunar cycle reduces the influence of rising sea levels on high tides, while the other half increases it.”

Scientists, on the other hand, are more alarmed this time. The next high tide floods are anticipated to be more severe and frequent than ever before as sea levels rise owing to climate change, compounding already dire projections.

In 2019, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) reported around 600 such floods. After another decade of sea-level rise, scientists predict three to four times that amount in the mid-2030s.

Based on the current study, these floods will emerge more often throughout the country and can occur in clusters lasting over a month, depending on the moon, Earth, and sun’s locations. Floods might occur as frequently as every day or every other day during certain alignments.

“Low-lying regions around sea level are becoming increasingly vulnerable and suffering as a result of rising floods, and the situation is only going to get worse,” NASA Administrator Bill Nelson said. “Coastal flooding on our coasts and throughout the world will continue to be exacerbated by the Moon’s gravitational pull, increasing sea levels, and climate change.”

Almost all of the United States’ continental coasts, as well as Hawaii and Guam, are likely to be affected. By the end of the century, sea-level rise is anticipated to have rendered hundreds of thousands of square kilometers of coastline untenable, displacing over 100 million people globally.

Researchers hope that their findings will spur more focused efforts to avert as many harmful effects on the environment and people’s welfare as possible before it becomes too late. While high tidal floods may not include as much water as hurricanes, their regularity poses a serious threat.

“What will have an impact is a cumulative effect over time,” said lead author Phil Thompson. “A firm cannot operate with its parking lot underwater if it floods 10 or 15 times each month. People lose their employment as a result of their inability to get to work. Sewage ponds have become a public health concern.”

Let’s get lost

A job can fulfill your needs but a world trip can fulfil your soul. The world is like an ocean and those who don’t travel knows only a single drop of it.

Of all memories in this world the best memory is found between the pages of my passport. I love to travel because it makes me realize how small my problems are. If you would like to stay in the same place, where you are just like trees then you should have roots instead of feet.

I tell my friends and family to travel because one fine day they would become uncomfortable being too comfortable. I would love to live my life with maps and compass than living with alarm and clocks.

I don’t tell traveling is a dream, it is a plan that I do when I sleep. Traveling makes me realize that ,”no matter how much I know , there is always more to learn in this world”. I think doing what we like is freedom but traveling any where at any time is a blessing.

While traveling to different places I come to know about different culture, it also makes me modest. Traveling makes me realize that I occupy a very small place in this world.

The money that I spend to travel is not an expense, it is an investment that I do to myself. At the end of the day ,my feet might be dirty but I’m sure my eyes will sparkle.

“life is short, and the world is wide”.”My goal is to run out of the pages in my passport and die with memories not with dreams”.

Basics of C++ Programming

What is C++ ?

is a general-purpose programming language created by Bjarne Stroustrup as an extension of the C programming language, or “C with Classes”. The language has expanded significantly over time, and modern C++ now has object-oriented, generic, and functional features in addition to facilities for low-level memory manipulation. It is almost always implemented as a compiled language, and many vendors provide C++ compilers. C++ was designed with an orientation toward system programming and embedded, resource-constrained software and large systems, with performance, efficiency, and flexibility of use as its design highlights. C++ has also been found useful in many other contexts, with key strengths being software infrastructure and resource-constrained applications,including desktop applications, video games, servers (e.g. e-commerce, web search, or databases), and performance-critical applications (e.g. telephone switches or space probes).

Tokens in C++

  1. Identifiers: Identifiers are names given to different elements such as variables,arrays, structures, functions, classes, objects etc.It should not be keywords
  2. Keywords: These are reserved words used for specific purpose in a program. Keywords have fixed meaning, and its meaning cannot be changed.
  3. Constants:
  4. Constants are like a variable, having fixed value . Their value never changes during execution of program once they are defined.
  5. Strings: A sequence or a set of characters is known as a string.
  6. Operators: C++ operator is a symbol that is used to perform mathematical or logical operations.

Keywords in C++

asm continue float new static unsigned
auto default for private struct using
bool delete friend protected switch virtual
break do goto public template void
case double if register this volatile
catch else inline return throw wchar_t
char enum int short try while
class extern long signed typedef
const export namespace sizeof union

Datatypes in C++

Sr. No. Data Type Category Data Types
1 Built-in Data Types char, wchar_t, int, long, float, double, long double
2 Derived Data Types Array , Pointer
3 User-defined data types Structure, Union,  Class and Enumerated
4Data Qualifiers / Modifiers short, long , signed , unsigned

Operators in C++

Sr. No. Type of operators Operators
1 Arithmetic operators + – * / %
2 Unary operators – ++ – –
3 Relational operators < <= > >= == !=
4 Logical operators ! || && 
5 Assignment operators = += -= *= /= %=
6 Conditional operator ? :
7 Bitwise operators | Bitwise OR & Bitwise AND ^ Bitwise Ex-OR ~ 1’s complement << Shift Left >> Shift Right

Variables in C++

•Variables are the name of memory locations that are allocated by compilers, and
the allocation is done based on the data type used for declaring the variable.

Decision Making Statements in C++

  1. if statement
  2. if-else statement
  3. Nested if-else statement
  4. else-if ladder statement
  5. switch statement

Looping Statements in C++

  1. while statement
  2. do-while Statement
  3. for statement
  4. Nested Loops

Control Statements in C++

  1. break statement
  2. continue statement

Structures in C++

•A set or a group of data items of different data types defined in a single
unit is known as a structure.
•A structure is a convenient tool for handling a group of logically related data items.
•A structure is a user defined data type
•Once the structure type has been defined, it is easy to create variables of that type
using declarations

C++ Compilers

  1. MinGW / GCC
  2. Borland C++
  3. Dev C++
  4. Embracadero
  5. Clang
  6. Visual C++
  7. Intel C++
  8. Code Block

Krishnadevaraya

Krishnadevaraya was an emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire who reigned from 1509–1529. He was the third ruler of the Tuluva Dynasty and is considered to be its greatest ruler. He possessed the largest empire in India after the decline of the Delhi Sultanate.he was Born on 17 January 1471 in Hampi and Died on17 October 1529, Hampi Spouse: Tirumala DeviBooks: AmuktamalyadaChildren: Tirumala Raya, Tirumalamba, Vengalamba, RamachandraParents: Tuluva Narasa Nayaka, Nagala Devi

Presiding over the empire at its zenith, he is regarded as an icon by many Indians. Krishnadevaraya earned the titles Kannada Rajya Rama Ramana (lit, “Lord of the Kannada empire”), Andhra Bhoja (lit, “Andhra Scholar King or King Bhoja of Andhra”), Gaubrahmana Pratipalaka (lit, “Protector of cows and brahmins”) and Mooru Rayara Ganda (lit, “King of Three Kings”). He became the dominant ruler of the peninsula of India by defeating the Sultans of Bijapur, Golconda, the Bahmani Sultanate and the Gajapatis of Odisha, and was one of the most powerful Hindu rulers in India.Indeed, when the Mughal EmperorBabur was taking stock of the potentates of north India, Krishnadevaraya was rated the most powerful and had the most extensive empire in the subcontinent.

SOPHIE’S WORLD (BOOK REVIEW)

Buy Sophie's World (20th Anniversary Edition) Book Online at Low Prices in India | Sophie's World (20th Anniversary Edition) Reviews & Ratings - Amazon.in
Sophie’s World 20th Anniversary edition

Author

John Gaarder

Genre

Philosophy fiction

About

If someone sends you a letter telling you that they would help you to understand the deepest questions about the world, what will you do?

Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s world is all about those answers, written in 1991, originally in norwegrian, it became one of the best selling novels in the year 1995.

This philosophy fiction is about a 14-year-old girl, named Sophie, who starts receiving letters one fine day from a middle-aged; man named Albert, who later becomes her philosophy professor and teaches her about everything. The story revolves around her secretly taking those lessons and discovering the intricate life questionnaires. The novel traces their journey throughout until her 15th birthday, where her mother invites the professor to meet her in person and know about the man who’s  secretly  teaching her daughter about “philosophy” 

Why should you read this book?

Sophie’s world is not only an excellent story about a professor and his student, the book holds immense knowledge. It serves you with the taste of philosophy in the easiest language and easily comprehensible words. Other than the story is set in the 1990s and provides background, a story about a 15-year-old girl and how she looks upon the world while understanding it in a better way. It covers major aspects of philosophy including its history, origin, spread, and the major philosophers.

The story flows immensely well and you’ll always be wondering “what’s going to happen next?” You’ll get in awe whenever the next chapter comes in, there’s a surprise waiting for you to discover. While dwelling into the Philosophy lectures one may get bored with the theory but the twist and turns in between would blow your mind, there are things that you may think of not happening would happen! John Gaarder does this magic impeccably.

Who should definitely read this work?

If you’re one of those people who find philosophy intriguing but difficult to grasp, this book is surely for you.

Recommended for children as well as adults.

Overall, the book is worth reading not for the role of its story but also for the things you learn within it.

TIPS TO STICK TO A HABIT

1. USE REINFORCEMENT

As humans, when we get rewarded we tend to repeat the same thing because we want rewards, but when we get failure or pain from something we tend not to perform it  for the second time again.

The thing explained above is a universal truth, but hard habits do not reward us that early, it requires time and patience and also a lot of discipline and that’s why very few of us stick with those habits. So the solution here is using rewards for motivation and encouragement so you will repeat the behaviour.

2. NEVER MISS A WORK TWICE

Its normal to miss one day or taking a rest for one day because after all we human beings need rest and we love to rest than to do certain things continuously ,but we shouldn’t miss the work twice.

When you miss continuously for two three days a new habit or to be specific procrastination develops which is highly destructive and can make all efforts that you have put in worthless, so after having a rest day try to come back again quickly.

3. TRACK YOU HABIT

Tracking habit will give you inner peace and satisfaction. And most importantly you will get the much needed motivation to keep continuing the task.

4. REMEMBER WHY YOU STARTED.

We human being easily get diverted. Many times it becomes very difficult to keep us on track and to the habit.

In such cases we should try to imagine the end result of the work, or we should remember why we started that particular work. Make the subconscious mind aware about it. Whenever you get diverted immediately bring the end result in front of your eyes.

Kanwar Yatra

The Kanwar Yatra is the annual pilgrimage of the devotees of Shiva known as Kanvaria; to Hindu pilgrimage places like Haridwar, Gaumukh and Gangotri in Uttarakhand and Sultanganj in Bihar to fetch the holy waters of the Ganges River to pour it on various Shiva temples in India.

Kanwar Yatra: UP CM requests Uttarakhand govt to allow entry into Haridwar for some devotees.

UP CM Adityanath has requested his counterpart in Uttarakhand, Pushkar Singh Dhami, to allow some devotees from UP to travel to Haridwar for the Kanwar Yatra.

The Uttarakhand government has decided to call off the annual Kanwar Yatra for the second year in a row in view of the Covid-19 pandemic. This decision was taken by CM Pushkar Singh Dhami on Tuesday.

At the same time, the Uttar Pradesh government decided to go ahead with the pilgrimage with strict curbs. CM Yogi Adityanath directed officials to ensure that devotees are allowed to take part in the Kanwar Yatra only after they attain a negative RT-PCR test report.

UP CM Adityanath was requested by Uttarakhand CM to allow a limited number of devotees from the state to visit Haridwar for the Kanwar Yatra.

Hardware and software

Computer is a device comprising both hardware and software.The functions of hardware and software combines together to make the computer functional.A hardware device helps to enter input information.The software processes the input data and gives the output in the monitor,a hardware device.Thus computer is like a human body,where human body is the hradware and soul is the software.

Hardware

Hardware

Hardware is the parts of the computer which we can touch and feel.Hardware includes Input and output devices, Cabinet,Hard Disk,Mother Board,SMPS,CPU,RAM,CD Drive and Graphics card.

Software

Hardware is lifeless without software in a computer.Software are programmed and coded applications to process the input information.The software processes the data by converting the input information into coding or profmgrammed language.Touching and feeling the software is not possible but we can see the functions of the software in the form of output.

Software

Types of software

The software is divided into two types based on the process.They are

  1. System software (operating system)
  2. Application software

System software

System software is software that makes the hardware devices process the data inputted by the user and to display the result on the output devices like Monitor.Without the opening devices like Monitor . Without the operating system, computer cannot function on its own.Some of the popular operating system are Linux, windows,Mac, Android etc.

Application software

Application software is a program or a group of programs designed for the benefit of end user to work on computer.The application programs can be installed in the hard disk for the usage on a particular computer.This type of application program completes one or more than two works of the end user.The following are the examples of application program:

  • Video player
  • Audio player
  • Word processing software
  • Drawing tools
  • Editing software,etc.

System and Application software types

The opening system and application software are available in two forms.They are:

  1. Free and open source
  2. Paid and proprietary software

Free and open source

Free and open software is available at Free of cost and can be shared to many end users.Free software is editable and customisable by the user and his leads to updation or development of new software.Examples of free and open source software:LINUX,open office , operating system,Geogebra etc.

  • Conventional software developers, distributors and sellers fear that FOSS will undercut their profits.
  • Abuse of FOSS privilege may lead to questionable claims of copyright or trademark protection,thereby spawning litigation.
  • The monetary value of FOSS is unclear, so government’s have trouble figuring out how to tax it.

Paid and proprietary software

There is software that is to be paid to use either permanently or temporarily,these types of software are paid and need a licence to use it.The licence of the software would not be provided unless it is purchased.Similarly the end users are legally prohibited to steal the software program or to use the pirated version of the paid and proprietary software.Some of the examples of paid & proprietary software are: windows, Microsoft office,Adobe photoshop,etc.

Healthy Nutrition…. Healthy life

Health can be defined as the physical,social, psychological and spiritual well-being of individuals.Now a days it is the main source everyone’s life by maintaining better Healthy nutrition immunity increases . Immunity defines the wealth and happiness of an individual.

we can improve our daily intake to maintain health by nutritive values .

NUTRITION :

The process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth.

NUTRIENTS :

A substance that provide nourishment essential for the maintenance of life and for growth.

There are different types of foods that provide various nutrients to nourish the organs and their system in human body.Here there are some nutrients and their food sources.

You may not get all the micronutrients your body needs. Americans tend to eat foods that are high in calories and low in micronutrients. These foods often also contain added sugar, sodium (salt), and saturated or trans fats. This type of diet contributes to weight gain. It can increase your risk of health issues, such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease.

According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), American adults may not get enough of the following micronutrients.

Nutrient and Food sources :

Calcium : Nonfat and low-fat dairy, dairy substitutes, broccoli, dark, leafy greens, and sardines .

Potassium : Bananas, cantaloupe, raisins, nuts, fish, and spinach and other dark greens.

Fiber : Legumes (dried beans and peas), whole-grain foods and brans, seeds, apples, strawberries, carrots, raspberries, and colorful fruit and vegetables .

Magnesium : Spinach, black beans, peas, and almonds .

Vitamin A : Eggs, milk, carrots, sweet potatoes, and cantaloupe.

Vitamin C : Oranges, strawberries, tomatoes, kiwi, broccoli, and red and green bell peppers.

Vitamin E Avocados, nuts, seeds, whole-grain foods, and spinach and other dark leafy greens.

We can prepare some recipes by combining other foods wich gives required nutrients to our body.

Rice and Beans :

Both these foods alone are healthy choices. But if you’re trying to get in all your protein without eating meat, beef, or chicken, a serving of rice and beans can do the trick! A complete protein is one that contains all the amino acids your body needs – an egg is considered the most perfect protein around. The amino acids found in rice complements those found in beans, making it a high-quality protein when eaten together.

Leafy Greens and Tomatoes:

Dark leafy greens like spinach, kale, and collards contain iron. But it’s tough to absorb the iron from these plants without the assistance of vitamin C. Combine fresh or sautéed leafy greens with tomatoes, a splash or lemon juice or slices of strawberries.

Egg and Cheese:

Calcium and vitamin D work in synergy to help promote healthy bones. A glass of milk will give you both, but so can an egg and cheese sandwich, frittata or omelet. Egg yolks contain vitamin D and you’ll find calcium in the cheese.

Oatmeal and Water :

Oatmeal cookies and a warm bowl of oatmeal can foot the bill, but be sure to drink plenty of water. The oats need to absorb water in order to work properly and provide their many benefits. The fiber found in oatmeal has been shown to help reduce blood cholesterol levels and to help keep you full longer.

Tomatoes and Olive oil :

The antioxidant lycopene helps promote a healthy heart, could prevent macular generation and may lower the risk of colon cancer. Cooked tomato products like tomato sauce, ketchup, tomato soup, and tomato paste are the best sources of lycopene. Combine it with heart-healthy monounsatured olive oil for maximum absorption.