Category: Editorial

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Dear- Indian education system…

Dear Indian Education System… I have decided to take a huge step, But, before that, you guys need to know a lot of things about me. I used to score amazing till std 10th when I scored well, leave alone my parents,  all my friends, neighbors, shopkeepers…  Even the watchman of my building started to say ” You are going to take Science. You will be an engineer” no. Don’t get me wrong. I don’t dislike Science.  Science is beautiful science is the ultimate truth but when I came in Std 10th the half-interested teachers in my school and coaching institute didn’t teach Science at all!  All they taught was how to solve maximum number of MCQs in a given time, like a robot that killed the beauty of Science sir.  And that Physic’s topper of my class  He didn’t believe that evolution actually happened  He just wanted to solve maximum number of MCQs  So much obsession with Science.

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Photo by Pixabay on Pexels.com

India hasn’t won a single Nobel Prize in Science  Since Independence  Nobel Prizes are just “awards” , you’ll say  India produces the maximum number of engineers per year  Yet, India ranks 60th  in the Global Innovation Index that means no major innovation has happened since Independence, all we keep saying is “Aryabhatta invented Zero” to be honest, after 10th, I wanted to study Physics, Graphic Designing, Coding, History, Music and English Literature Why couldn’t the evaluation of my intelligence and calibers be on the basis of these subjects?  Why should’ve I wasted my time studying subjects I didn’t want to study?  So, I left the damn coaching institute, used to get out of my home during coaching hours and used to read novels in the park, see new places to be honest, I felt free It felt good not to be a zombie I learnt graphic designing on my own  I listened to some beautiful music by Mozart and Rahman  I read Poetry, I taught myself Python, and I read some amazing write-ups  on various topics of Physics  I am taking a huge step.  I am dropping out no not because Steve Jobs, Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg are drop-outs, not because being a “dropout” is cool, and neither it is because of the frustration of failing.

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Dear Indian Education System I am dropping out simply because you do not make any sense and now, you’ll ask me, who will give me a job?  Who will feed me?  I believe somewhere somebody is there who’ll see my skills. Will value my creativity.  Who will value my intelligence, not my CGPA Yes, I failed. but I know there is a lot to do, observe, and learn only my marksheet says that I can’t do anything but I know I will do something good.

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an amazing writeup by FMF.

Whatsapp on 4 devices to access same account may come soon.

Messaging and calling app whatsapp is going to provide the facility to run the same account to multiple devices very soon. Now, user can have the access to the account with multiple device of their choice.

Whatsapp is testing multiple-device backing since few months and still many experiments are under way and is need to be done and the company might be getting ready to reveal the feature, at least in the beta version. The website that tracks new features on the beta version of the instant messaging are few other  interesting information from application.

The new post also shared a screenshot of the feature signifying that the device will use Wi-Fi in order to synchronize data between multiple devices plans.  It is also expected to provide a similar option for app handlers working on just cellular networks.

WABetaInfo, the website claimed via a post that operators will be able to practice WhatsApp on various multiple devices of their choice which is currently, a single account can only be used on a single device.

Tech expert are excited with whstsapp announcing use of multiple devices for same account handlers and its functioning. It will take few more months to whatsapp to make it official as the test and trial are under way. The app is quite popular and it is widely being used in India and other part of the world. Coming with this feature will provide more customers in near feature and it is going to be a profitable decision for the company, tech expert says.

The introduction of the instant messaging platform, WhatsApp has been limited to usage on solo device. The company later released WhatsApp Web support but the feature is only available when the primary device is connected to the internet and also needs authentication from the device. The support for multiple devices might extend to different form factors including iPads. The feature will first be made available to the beta version of the application.

WhatsApp is also making changes to the recently launched dark mode. In order to make the experience better, the instant messaging application is planning to change the color of chat bubble to a new shade of green.

WhatsApp has also been reported to release a new feature where the user will be able to conduct searches on the basis of dates. The feature has been spotted by WABetaInfo.

 This is going to be great feature and people will surely love it as whatsapp is quite common and popular with use of both the android and IOS users subsequently.

Earlier the popular messaging app is bumping up the number of people who can be on a video or voice call at once to eight, double its previous limit of four.

https://www.livemint.com/technology/tech-news/whatsapp-may-soon-allow-up-to-4-devices-to-access-same-account-11592037835230.html

How to keep yourself amused during Covid 19

Since the global outbreak of the COVID 19 pandemic, we are locked inside our homes trying various things to pass our free time. We can either waste our time or put it to better use by doing something productive. Most people are wasting this precious time, by sleeping, playing online games, watching shows, just thinking about how this lockdown period is affecting their lives. But, for the students, this is the best time to do stuff that he/she has wanted to do all their lives, but never found the time to do. So, here we are compiling some of the interesting and creative stuffs that you must try to keep yourself entertained during quarantine.

Reading: A habit to develop

As we have all the time in the world, so we can devote some time to enhance our knowledge by reading some good books. We couldn’t read much earlier as we had other important things to do, but this time away from the world has allowed us to explore many different books. Many good novels are available online. So, we don’t need to worry about going to the store to buy one. Reading books makes us see the world from many different perspectives, as characters from a novel have different points of view.

Learning new things

As no one is perfect and learning should never be stopped. We could use this time to learn new things, instead of just sitting around wasting time. You could utilise your time by learning French, or any of your favourite foreign language. You could easily found many good online videos and websites and also enrolled myself in a French learning course that is helping me a lot to learn. Also, I’m utilizing my time to prepare for some competitive exams that I need to give in the future.

Enhancing Yourself

We could immerse ourself in the process of self-learning to improve our skills and getting to know ourself better. We should keep trying new things to bring out our creativity. We can try to enhance our cooking skills by making new dishes each day and also investing this time to meditate and give our mind some time to relax and find peace.

Spending time with loved ones

We could best use of our time by spending quality time with our family members. In this digital age, we generally don’t get time to spend with our families due to busy schedule and workload. So this lockdown has given us enough time to appreciate and enjoy our time with family members. We could help our mother in household work, spend time with father talking about different things, help our brother with his studies and we also have fun, playing games together.

There are also many apps which you could prefer to keep yourself entertained. Some of these apps are as follow:

Learning Apps

There are several applications that enabled us to achieve our goals and learn new things through homeschooling. Some of such apps are:

  • DUOLING APP

Duolingo enables users to learn languages through gamification. The app includes 35 languages.

  • BUSUU APP

Due to the current pandemic, Busuu has introduced a new initiative, Keep Kids Learning. This initiative was done to support children and their families while home-schooling. The initiative provides free learning of different languages by some qualified teachers.

Fitness apps

Currently, there is no access to local gyms. So at such time to keep ourself fit and healthy we could install some good apps to follow our daily exercise routine. Two of the apps are as follow:

  • STRAVA

Strava is a fitness app where you can track all your performance and also helps to complete the given challenges. The app is community-driven which has social elements for friendly competition.

  • Runtastic

This fitness app was launched by Adidas. The app provides more than 180+ videos. The videos help users to achieve their daily fitness goals. As a result of the COVID-19 crisis, it is currently offering a three-month free premium trial too.

Music Apps

Well, no doubt, music is the best way of relaxing. So these are few apps that you could also use:

  • Soundcloud

Soundcloud is one of the most common music apps. Here over 200 million tracks are uploaded by the active community. Soundcloud is one of the world’s largest open audio platform.

  • Spotify

Spotify is the other app that provides millions of tracks and even episodes. So during the lockdown period, you can choose any kind of music you to listen according to your mood.

Along with these fantastic Apps, there are many other apps that you can use in this period of lockdown and can keep yourself entertained.
These are some of the exciting and useful things that one could try to keep himself/herself entertained during this lockdown.

‘National Еarly Childhood Carе and Еducation (ЕCCЕ) Policy, 2013’

Currеnt Scеnario

Thе dеvеlopmеnt of young childrеn is now incrеasingly rеcognisеd as a dеvеlopmеnt and human rights issuе of critical national importancе. Thе statistics on thе malnutrition and nеglеct of young childrеn in India today cannot bе ignorеd, and thеir significancе for thе nation’s ovеrall human rеsourcеs cannot bе ovеrеmphasizеd. Howеvеr, thе Statе’s rеsponsе to thе problеm has bееn slow so far. It was in rеsponsе to rising voicеs dеmanding grеatеr attеntion from thе Statе on thе issuе of ‘Еarly Childhood Dеvеlopmеnt (ЕCD)’ that thе Govеrnmеnt camе out with a comprеhеnsivе ‘Nation Еarly Childhood Carе and Еducation (ЕCCЕ) Policy, 2013’.

Thе National ЕCCЕ  Policy,  2013,  dеfinеs еarly childhood as ‘thе formativе stagе of thе first six yеars of lifе’. According to thе globally and  nationally hеld viеw, thе ‘Right to Еarly Childhood Dеvеlopmеnt (ЕCD)’ mеans thе right of thе child to survival, growth and holistic dеvеlopmеnt, and thе right to inputs  that  will makе such dеvеlopmеnt possiblе – carе, lovе, nurturing, protеction, hеalth,  nutrition,  stimulation,  play and lеarning. Еarly childhood, spanning from birth to thе agе of six yеars, is thе pеriod that sееs thе most rapid growth and dеvеlopmеnt of thе еntirе human lifеspan. It is during this pеriod that thе foundations of cognitivе, physical and socio-еmotional dеvеlopmеnt, languagе and pеrsonality arе laid. Brain dеvеlopmеnt is most rapid during this phasе – 90% of brain growth takеs placе bеforе thе agе of 5 yеars.  It is also thе phasе of maximum vulnеrability as dеprivation can sеriously impact a child’s hеalth and lеarning potеntial. Rеsеarch has shown high risks of impairеd dеvеlopmеnt of young childrеn duе to malnutrition, disеasе, povеrty, social еxclusion and thе lack of a conducivе еnvironmеnt.

This critical pеriod up to thе agе of six yеars is a ‘window of opportunity’, i.е., if thе child rеcеivеs favourablе еnvironmеntal inputs of hеalth, nutrition, lеarning and psychosocial dеvеlopmеnt, thе chancеs of thе child’s brain dеvеloping to its full potеntial arе considеrably еnhancеd. If thе еnvironmеntal еxpеriеncеs arе unfavourablе and thе child facеs dеprivation or еmotional or physical abusе, thе brain’s dеvеlopmеnt is nеgativеly affеctеd and thе ‘window of opportunity’ is lost, oftеn irrеvocably.

Thе concеpt of a right to Еarly Childhood Dеvеlopmеnt (ЕCD) еmphasizеs that young childrеn nееd simultanеous inputs of carе, nutrition and hеalth as wеll as opportunitiеs for psychosocial dеvеlopmеnt, play and lеarning in an еnabling and protеctivе еnvironmеnt. Sincе dеvеlopmеnt is intеrdеpеndеnt and synеrgistic in naturе, thеsе inputs nееd to bе providеd to thе child simultanеously across all stagеs of еarly childhood as thе lеvеl of dеvеlopmеnt in еach stagе affеcts thе lеvеl of dеvеlopmеnt in thе nеxt stagе.

Statеmеnt of Problеm

[1]As pеr thе 2011 Cеnsus, India has 158.7 million childrеn in thе agе group of 0-6 yеars, comprising about 16% of thе total Indian population. In thе pеriod 2008-2013, 43% of India’s childrеn undеr 5 wеrе undеrwеight and 48% had stuntеd growth.

According to a World Bank Rеport publishеd in 2013, thе mortality ratе of childrеn undеr 5 yеars of agе is 53 pеr 1000 livе births[2] and according to a 2013 UNICЕF Rеport , morе than 60 million childrеn undеr 5 arе stuntеd. Lеss than half thе womеn in thе country arе providеd any form of support during thеir prеgnanciеs, dеlivеriеs and lactation, which has a significant impact on a child’s hеalth and growth during thе еarly part of its lifе. Morеovеr, a quartеr or lеss of childrеn in India rеcеivе adеquatе hеalth carе.

Aims And Objеctivеs

Thе aim of Еarly Childhood Carе and Еducation is to facilitatе optimum dеvеlopmеnt of thе child’s full potеntial and lay thе foundation for all round dеvеlopmеnt and lifеlong lеarning. Whilе parеnts and homе havе thе main rеsponsibility of thе wеlfarе of thе child, a strong partnеrship bеtwееn thе community and thе ЕCCЕ cеntrеs is important for thе wеll-bеing of thе child and in achiеving thе following objеctivеs. Broad objеctivеs of thе [1]Еarly Childhood Carе and Еducation programmе arе to:

• Еnsurе еach child is valuеd, rеspеctеd, fееls safе and sеcurе and dеvеlops a positivе sеlf-concеpt

• Еnablе a sound foundation for physical and motor dеvеlopmеnt of еach child- as pеr еach child’s potеntial

• Imbibе good nutrition routinеs, hеalth habits, hygiеnе practicеs and sеlf-hеlp skills

• Еnablе childrеn for еffеctivе communication and fostеr both rеcеptivе and еxprеssivе languagе

 • Promotе dеvеlopmеnt and intеgration of thе sеnsеs

• Stimulatе intеllеctual curiosity and dеvеlop concеptual undеrstanding of thе world around by providing opportunitiеs to еxplorе, invеstigatе and еxpеrimеnt

Implications

This ЕCCЕ policy will covеr all еarly childhood carе and еducation programmеs and rеlatеd sеrvicеs in public, privatе and voluntary sеctors in all sеttings across rеgions. Thеsе sеrvicеs includе anganwadis (AWC), crèchеs, play schools, prеschools, nursеry schools, kindеrgartеns, prеparatory schools, balwadis, and homе-basеd carе. Thе policy sееks to univеrsalisе thе provision of ЕCCЕ for all childrеn, mainly through thе ICDS schеmе in thе public sеctor and othеr sеrvicе provisions across systеms. Thе Anganwadi Cеntrе would bе rеpositionеd as a “vibrant child-friеndly Еarly Childhood Dеvеlopmеnt Cеntrе” with adеquatе infrastructurе and rеsourcеs for еnsuring a continuum of thе ЕCCЕ in a lifе-cyclе approach and child-rеlatеd outcomеs. Convеrsion of AWCs into AWCs-cum-crèchеs with a plannеd еarly stimulation componеnt and intеractivе еnvironmеnt for childrеn bеlow 3 yеars will bе pilotеd. Young childrеn with diffеrеnt abilitiеs would bе rеachеd out to. Sеrvicе-dеlivеry modеls will bе еxpеrimеntеd for family, community, and NGOs. To standardisе thе quality of ЕCCЕ availablе to childrеn, basic quality standards and spеcifications will bе laid down valid across public, privatе and voluntary sеctors. A Rеgulatory Framеwork for thе ЕCCЕ to еnsurе basic quality inputs and outcomеs, across all sеrvicе providеrs undеrtaking such sеrvicеs, will bе progrеssivеly еvolvеd at thе national lеvеl and implеmеntеd by Statеs in thе nеxt fivе yеars. A dеvеlopmеntally appropriatе National Curriculum Framеwork for thе ЕCCЕ will bе dеvеlopеd. It will promotе play-basеd, еxpеriеntial and child-friеndly provision for еarly еducation and all-round dеvеlopmеnt

Conclusion

Thе National Policy for Childrеn, 2013

Rеcognisеs that:

  • a child is any pеrson bеlow thе agе of еightееn yеars
  • childhood is an intеgral part of lifе with a valuе of its own
  • childrеn arе not a homogеnous group and thеir diffеrеnt nееds nееd diffеrеnt rеsponsеs, еspеcially thе multi-dimеnsional vulnerabilities еxpеriеncеd by childrеn in diffеrеnt circumstancеs
  • a long tеrm, sustainablе, multi-sеctoral, intеgratеd and inclusivе approach is nеcеssary for thе ovеrall and harmonious dеvеlopmеnt and protеction of childrеn

Rеaffirms that:

  • еvеry child is uniquе and a suprеmеly important national assеt
  • spеcial mеasurеs and affirmativе action arе rеquirеd to diminish or еliminatе conditions that causе discrimination
  • all childrеn havе thе right to grow in a family еnvironmеnt, in an atmosphеrе of happinеss, lovе and undеrstanding
  • familiеs arе to bе supportеd by a strong social safеty nеt in caring for and nurturing thеir childrеn

Rеcommеndations

Thе ЕCCЕ programmе should еnsurе ‘holistic dеvеlopmеnt’ of thе child and rеflеct thе insеparablе naturе of carе and еducation by comprеhеnsivеly addrеssing thе nееd for carе, nutrition, hеalth and wеll-bеing of young childrеn and parеnt counsеlling along with supporting thе dеvеlopmеnt of all domains. Thе holistic dеvеlopmеnt approach is vital for provision of intеrconnеctеd and intеrconnеctеd activitiеs covеring all domains of dеvеlopmеnt whilе kееping divеrsе nееds of childrеn in mind.

[1] Giedd, Jay, N (2004), “Structural Magnetic Resource Imaging of the Adolescent Brain”, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1021 (1)77-85, doc:0:1196/Annals, 1308.009

[2] CECED. (2013) Indian Early Childhood Education Impact (IECEI) Study: Under Progress. Ambedkar University, New Delhi

2See Sections 3.4, 5.2.3 and 10.9 of the National Policy for Early Childhood Care and Education, 2013.

REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN IS CHANGING IN INDIAN MEDIA

Representation of women in Indian media is gradually changing itself from the way it has been since past hundred years. Previously women’s role had always been submissive to the male protagonist in every films and series. But the second wave feminism that occurred in USA and then rapidly spread across the Western World had compelled the Indian directors of films to reconsider their roles in Indian entertainment world. Even now there are several examples of films where we can see the unnecessary glorification of patriarchy and the disempowered and helpless portrayal of females. But there are some movies which are definitely trying to change the preconceived notion about females in the film industry.

A such film was THAPPAD, by Mr. Anubhav Sinha. Much can be written about this movie because every bit of it needs interpretation. But actually and factually it is not needed because it doesn’t matter how many neutral interpretations are there, most of the people are going to watch it from only two perspectives, either feministic or patriarchal. Very few would be able to rise above this discrimination and watch it from a human perspective. It was visible in the theatre, the gents who were siting around me, feeling a bit uncomfortable and two of them left the theatre after the interval. And many of women were sobbing. The incident or the story this movie shows is the story of every household keeping that one slap part aside. We have already seen this movie long ago and seeing it repeatedly. This is the scenario of every household. The movie properly shows how deep rooted patriarchy is in our country.

The director has used many household stories in the film to portray this. May be that’s what we call microaggression to which mainly the women are able to relate the most. Because it’s only the women who are experiencing it every day from the very beginning. The role of the women is always STEREOTYPED. The reason of the wife seeking divorce in the film is not only the one slap. It was the attitude of the husband. Who acted like nothing has happened and his wife should move on with him being happy and smiling. If only the attitude of the husband was different the climax of the movie would have been something else. But the director chose to show the unfair privileges that the men has and most of them use it in their household.

The movie starts using the metaphor of a melting ice cream which signifies that you have to take the taste of life and live it the fullest before it gets melted. The protagonist in the film, Amrita, portrayed by Taapsee Pannu, only tried to do that after realising it.

Many interpretations can be made about the film but this won’t make much sense. It won’t change the toxicity of our minds. Because we’re living in a country where a film makes crores where the women is submissive and this kind of movies don’t do even half of it.

DIRECTOR, MR. ANUBHAV SINHA should be thanked for making this film. This was needed and it will be needed years later also. This kind of films where women emerge as strong and independent at the end, are really necessary to be made more frequently.

The Peacekeeper Of Mind : Music

Learning how to play an instrument at a young age can help improve your reading skills. The brain can adapt and change while you train and exercise it. Playing an instrument teaches the brain to choose what’s more important in a complicated process, like reading and communicating.

Music has been known to help people with stroke to learn how to speak again. Music functions are located on the right side of the brain and the language functions are on the left side of the brain. People with stroke can learn how to speak again by singing, training their brain to move the music functions to left side of the brain associating it with language and, finally learning how to talk again.

Identification:

Music, for teenagers, is a way to express, identify and express certain emotions. When a teenager focuses more on the lyrics, they are identifying and expressing sadness or happiness, and psychological or sociological problems. For teenagers struggling with problems that are associated with adolescence, sexuality, sexual orientation, loneliness, sadness or depression, music can be really helpful for understanding these emotions. When a teen feels incapable to talk about their problems and emotions with their friends or family, whether it’s because they feel uncomfortable or embarrassed, listening to songs of similar subjects makes them feel that they have someone they can relate to, and feel less lonely. Music can serve as a mood changer for teenagers, it can strengthen positive emotions, but you must be careful to what you listen to because some songs can also reinforce negative emotions.

Listening to certain genres of music can give teenagers admittance to a group of other teenage that share the same likes of music. Adolescent music groups range from straight-edge punk cliques to progressive-rock aficionados and hip-hop heads. Sharing the love of a music genre gives those in the group an opportunity to construct a good friendship and share common interests, which can benefit emotionally the teens. Live music events, like concerts in which teens are allowed to attend, are a safe and supervised way for kids to socialize and meet other people without the involvement of alcohol and drugs. However, being identified with certain groups could also cause negative effects on teenagers because certain types of music are associated with violence, sexism or gang culture. For teenage girls, sexist music can reduce their self-esteem and confidence

Relaxing:

Music therapy can allow the families to have an emotional intimacy and relax while they spend time together in an interesting, positive and creative way, which is very meaningful. Additional studies show that music therapy can cause changes in physiology by releasing brain chemicals including melatonin, norepinephrine, epinephrine, serotonin and prolactin, which help reduce depression, regulate mood and make patients feel calm and more able to sleep.

Music helps the heart. It’s the tempo of the music that’s good for your heart health. In a research made by Europeans, they made a test where they played music to their patients while monitoring their breathing, heart rates and blood pressure. They found that when they played upbeat music, their patients had faster heart beats and breathing and when they played them slow music, their heart rate slowed down and their anxiety and stress levels decreased.

Motivates:

Music works as a motivator whether you want to exercise or you don’t want to do a specific chore because it’s boring. This can be done by playing upbeat music to keep you hyped and distracted while you keep on working.When you want to exercise, you can play any upbeat song and, because it is a fast paced song, your heart and muscles work faster, finally, allowing you to do your exercise faster than you normally would and you’ll probably exercise longer than you thought because you are distracted by the music.

The reason why it helps you complete a specific chore is because it’s distracting and you’re entertained while you’re working. It’s good to listen to songs while you’re doing chores because it puts people in a better mood and makes you keep working. You can also use it in your job, because it helps productivity, if you use it during the job, it’s better to listen to a song that doesn’t have any lyrics so you don’t affect the language parts in your brain.

Health:

It has been prove that music can be used to help the body in many ways. It can have a therapeutic effect against pain, modify blood pressure, treats many mental sicknesses, depression, Down syndrome, insomnia, and many other problems in the human body. Not only can music change the metabolism, affect muscular energy, increase or decrease blood pressure, and influence digestion, but it can also make all of this work in a more efficient way, exceeding the effectiveness of any other stimulant that can produce the same result in our body

Conclusion:

Throughout all of the research we noted that music is extremely helpful to health, learning, for memory, can motivate people and help relax those who are too stressed, which is why we think that music should be integrated in some way into the school programs, hospitals and at work to help people stay relaxed, learn and concentrate, and stay in a good mood. I also recommend parents to give their kids music lessons since they’re very young so they can learn things faster and have better concentration when they’re in school.

Protect Children Labor, Now More Than Ever .

Children around the world are regularly engaged in hazardous activities that affect their mental, physical, social or educational development. Every year World Day Against Child Labor Day is celebrated on 12 June to provide a growing and developing environment for children to live a dignified life. In 1919, the International Labor Organisation (ILO) was founded and in 2002″World Day against Child Labour” was established to abolish child labor.

Impact of COVID-19 on Children

World Day against Child Labor 2020 focuses on the impact of COVID-19 on child labor. The COVID-19 pandemic has a huge impact on Livelihoods of the labor market and children are often the first to suffer. The economic slowdown has forced millions of children to left their school and opt for minimal jobs to support their parents for the livelihood. This year, the World Day Against Child labor is being conducted as a virtual campaign and organized jointly with the Global March Against child labor and the International Partnership for Cooperation on Child labor in Agriculture.  

If children are provided with a suitable environment to enjoy their life, surely they will contribute to the economic and social growth of the country. So stop child labor, protect the right of children, and support them.

Current Gaps In Access To Justice In India

INTRODUCTION

The Constitution of India mandates equality before law, yet informal practices of exclusion and inequality continue to plague our legal systems. Lack of legal awareness, affordable legal aid, delays and inefficiencies in court, and corruption within law enforcement are all impediments on the road to justice. šInternational human rights standards and modern legal systems unanimously affirm that equitable treatment under law is a fundamental component of democracy. Yet in practice, injustice is rampant across the world, with its largest democracy, India, proving to be no exception. Across the world, socially and economically vulnerable groups bear the brunt of these abuses. “The United Nations has learned that the rule of law is not a luxury and that justice is not a side issue. We have seen people lose faith in a peace process when they do not feel safe from crime. We have seen that without a credible machinery to enforce the law and resolve disputes, people resorted to violence and illegal means.”

– Kofi Annan, Secretary General, UN (1997 – 2006)

Standing in the way of India’s growth story

• India ranks 76 / 176 on Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index

• India ranks 77 / 113 for ‘Regulatory Enforcement’ on the World Justice Project’s Rule of Law Index, 2016

• Wages and business lost annually due to time spent in court hearings amounts to 0.48% of India’s GDP

Access to justice: Building blocks and gaps

Historically, the State’s obligation to ensure access to justice was restricted to:

1.Creation of laws that protected all citizens equally, and

2.Entitlement of every person to defend claims in courts.

For decades after Independence, the Indian government made no efforts to facilitate a population-wide understanding of the law or to encourage use of judicial systems. In 1976, however, India introduced Article 39A to the Constitution, which recognized the right of economically disadvantaged individuals to free legal aid. While this amendment was a step towards bridging the gap between having a justice system and enabling its use, it has had limited success in truly reducing this gap on the ground. In order to address inherent power imbalances in India today and ensure universal access to justice, it is essential to widen the discourse from merely strengthening legal institutions to also increasing citizens’ legal empowerment (i.e. the ability to understand, use and shape the law to secure justice). Access to justice needs to be extended to include all the elements needed to help citizens and individuals seek redressal for grievances (against individuals or the State) and to demand that their rights be upheld.

4 Step Framework To Improve Access To Justice

“Sometimes even highly educated people have a problem understanding, and therefore interpreting, the correct meaning of some of our laws… an attempt should be made to simplify the language of the law so that anyone who reads judgments and laws can easily understand their true meaning.”

 – Manmohan Singh, former Prime Minister of India Make laws accessible and comprehensible for legal empowerment

šMake laws accessible and comprehensible for legal empowerment

 This will enable each citizen to know of and take legal recourse when his/her rights are violated.

š Streamline case management processes in courts

This will reduce the period of time for which litigants are embroiled in the system, as well as build greater trust in the system.

š Drive accountability and support police and prison systems

This will help these agencies operate more sensitively and effectively to uphold the rights of all citizens including victims, accused, undertrials and the most marginalized

šEnsure high quality, affordable legal aid

If one should choose to access courts, guarantees every individual a chance at a fair trial, regardless of economic and social background

Importance of Career Counseling

After important milestones in education all folks faces this question ‘what next’ after class 10th, after class 12th and after graduation. Career counseling can help altogether the main milestones in one’s career. Firstly, to make a decision a stream and subject combinations, to make a decision the graduation course, and then, to make a decision the post graduation and career option

In school a helpless 16 year old is faced with the selection of varied streams – Humanities, Science with mathematics, science with biology and Commerce, and therefore the only career guidance he has is the opinion of his parents, his teacher’s judgment based on his marks and the comments of his friends and neighbors. A class 11th -12th student together with his subject combinations is flooded with agencies providing various entrance preparation and colleges luring his / her attention. What help he has parents, teachers and admission counselors whose only job is to put the scholar in college and course where they’re going to get commission. A graduate who is doing the course because the oldsters wants him/ her to try to to it or he wasn’t sure of the other and thus is doing the course is also confused about career choices.

We strive to form a progressive world today, where technologies are booming there are many opportunities with various fields where one can make a far better career so guidance provides guidance to an individual to possess a transparent glimpse on what to pursue and the way much duration it takes to finish the course and costs .In today’s world there are also multiple career choices starting from medicine to mass communications, engineering to event management, marine biology to information technology, culinary arts to music.

Choosing a field of study that’s not really suited to your interests or skills could prove disastrous. And that’s where career counseling comes in.

How career counseling works?

Career Counseling involves scientifically developed aptitude tests and personality tests that helps a career counselor give the simplest suited career advice to the scholar supported his report of his aptitude and personality. Human capacities are infinite and may never be measured, nor are we to gauge of what one can do. Every person has unique characteristics, for everybody has his or her own strengths and weaknesses. The key is to identify these unique qualities is through Psychometric Test and career counseling.

What does career counseling offer?

Making an Informed Choice to Choose a Career

Career counseling sessions helps the students to know the pros and cons of the different streams, courses and educational options and the career path it offers, thus the students can make an informed choice, and obtain a career assessment that helps avoid the danger of change in career path later in life. The importance of pinpointing the work cut out for every person can only be gauged when one sees the agony of utmost job misfits. So a career counseling and guidance is needed to help organize ones thoughts and ideas on career related decisions. It can boost the morale and confidence and provides new directions to the scholars which can be beneficial for the entire society. Career counseling helps students discover their true potential and interest in various subjects so as to assist them choose the proper career. Several institutes, including schools and colleges, today offer guidance through a series of aptitude and IQ tests. The tests usually have multiple-choice questions, which don’t got to be prepared for in any way.

Guidance to students

Career counseling is that the guidance given to a student on the road he/she should fancy achieve his/her goals. The advice and counseling provided is predicated on three deciding factors — personality, aptitude and interest.

No confusions

Friends and family can fairly often provide incorrect guidance because their parameters of judging a career choice might differ. A counselor is objective while giving guidance, with no considerations aside from aptitude and interest.

Job Satisfaction

Choosing a career that matches one’s aptitude and personality itself translates into professional success and recognition . The main aim of guidance is to assist students choose a field that’s in tune with their skills and their job expectations. Thus, with the assistance of guidance , most candidates find yourself choosing the proper career, and perform their utmost , which ultimately helps them succeed.

Though not many faculties in India give guidance to students, if your school doesn’t provide you professional counselors, you’ll always seek the assistance of independent counselors. It is always better to hunt professional guidance instead of choose something that the entire herd goes for.

Challenges Associated with Career Counseling

Encouraging Parents and students to take part in counseling is very difficult as people still have a perception that it is time-consuming.

For example in India, there are still 60% of individuals who don’t take career advice 70% of individuals under 14 say they need had no careers advice while 45% of people over 14 have had no or very poor/limited advice.

Over the previous couple of years, there has been a rise within the number of scholars choosing courses aside from engineering. While this is often a positive sign, there’s no doubting the very fact that engineering still remains a dominant choice of scholars pursuing higher studies.

People in India still have a perception that Government service is a secure career so they hesitate to take part in counseling sessions.
Financial problems often provide a drawback in students career even if he/she is good in studies students they visit the career fairs but fails for admissions due to lack of money.

World Day Against Child Labour

June 12 is known as the World Day Against Child Labour. Each year on this day, the world day brings the government, employers and millions of people all stand together, to highlight the plight of child labour and the steps needed to eradicate the problem. This day was invented by International Labour Organization (ILO) in the year 2002 to bring attention to child labour and the efforts and actions needed to eliminate a worldwide issue. World Day Against Child Labour 2020 will focus on the result of crisis on child labor, in light of the COVID-19 health pandemic and the resulting economic and labor market shock. 

 According to the International Labour Organization (ILO) defines child labor as “work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and that is harmful to physical and mental development.”  According to the ILO, child labor refers to work including::

  • is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful to children; and
  • interferes with their schooling by:
  • depriving them of the opportunity to attend school;
  • obliging them to leave school prematurely; or
  • requiring them to attempt to combine school attendance with excessively long and heavy work.

According to Census 2011, 10.1 million children are a victim of child labor in India and 168 million worldwide. These children are often working under hazardous and dangerous working conditions. In many cases, child labor exits because to sort of pool in the family income, which is required in poor families. It is more common in the poorest areas. However, the rate has decreased from 2001 to 2011. 

“Child” as defined by the child labor (prohibition and regulation) Act 1986, is a person who has not completed the age of 14 years. People under the age of 18 should be encouraged to study and not to work as they are the future of our country. But unfortunately, due to the socio-economic problems children are forced to work in industries, leather factories, hotels and eateries. Industries such as bangle making require delicate hands and little fingers to do minute work with a lot of glass work which increases the risk. This often results in eye accidents of the children and completely ruin their rest of the lives. 

Ways to reduce the problem-

The government should take required actions and steps to reduce poverty by providing more job opportunities for their parents. As we have heard, “education is the key”, the government must allocate necessary funds to provide education to poor children. Strict punishments and fines should be made for people violating the child labor act. People who report such crime must be encouraged and awarded. There should be more awareness and education regarding child labor and the reasons to not continue it. We see child labor around us almost every other day and yet we ignore it. Some of the maids working at our homes are underage. Children we see on red lights selling balloons or polishing our shoes. It is illegal yet so common. We should stand together and against child labor not just today but everyday. 

The Scientific Argument for Mastering One Thing at a Time

Many people, myself included, have multiple areas of life they would like to improve. For example, I would like to reach more people with my writing, to lift heavier weights at the gym, and to start practicing mindfulness more consistently. Those are just a few of the goals I find desirable and you probably have a long list yourself.

The problem is, even if we are committed to working hard on our goals, our natural tendency is to revert back to our old habits at some point. Making a permanent lifestyle change is really difficult.

Too Many Good Intentions

If you want to master multiple habits and stick to them for good, then you need to figure out how to be consistent. How can you do that?

This finding is well proven and has been repeated in hundreds studies across a broad range of areas. For example, implementation intentions have been found to increase the odds that people will start exercising, begin recycling, stick with studying, and even stop smoking.

However (and this is crucial to understand) follow-up research has discovered implementation intentions only work when you focus on one thing at a time. In fact, researchers found that people who tried to accomplish multiple goals were less committed and less likely to succeed than those who focused on a single goal. 

What Happens When You Focus on One Thing

Here is another science-based reason to focus on one thing at a time:

When you begin practicing a new habit it requires a lot of conscious effort to remember to do it. After awhile, however, the pattern of behavior becomes easier. Eventually, your new habit becomes a normal routine and the process is more or less mindless and automatic.

Researchers have a fancy term for this process called “automaticity.” Automaticity is the ability to perform a behavior without thinking about each step, which allows the pattern to become automatic and habitual.

The most important thing to note is that there is some “tipping point” at which new habits become more or less automatic. The time it takes to build a habit depends on many factors including how difficult the habit is, what your environment is like, your genetics, and more.

Change Your Life Without Changing Your Entire Life

Alright, let’s review what I have suggested to you so far and figure out some practical takeaways.

  1. You are 2x to 3x more likely to follow through with a habit if you make a specific plan for when, where, and how you are going to implement it. This is known as an implementation intention.
  2. You should focus entirely on one thing. Research has found that implementation intentions do not work if you try to improve multiple habits at the same time.
  3. Research has shown that any given habit becomes more automatic with more practice. On average, it takes at least two months for new habits to become automatic behaviors.

The counterintuitive insight from all of this research is that the best way to change your entire life is by not changing your entire life. Instead, it is best to focus on one specific habit, work on it until you master it, and make it an automatic part of your daily life. Then, repeat the process for the next habit. 

The way to master more things in the long-run is to simply focus on one thing right now.

Journey of the Technologies that shaped today’s world: Electricity

The heat engines namely steam engine and Internal Combustion engine solved travel and transportation problems of mankind. From depending on manual human labour and animal power- which came with a number of limitations, to portable engines that could drive the wheels without being tiered for hours and for miles; the jump was significant. The society started progressing in leaps and bounds. Raw material could reach factories faster and finished products could reach markets faster. Agriculture produces could reach to consumers faster.

But human endeavour to understand nature and natural forces did not end here. Man continued to find laws that governed nature based on natural phenomenon. These laws inspired inventors to build machine that put these laws to use for making the human lives easier and far more enriching. One such discovery that changed the course of human civilization forever was ELECTRICITY.

Humans were introduced to electricity by electric eel and such aquatic creatures. However, this introduction was hardly productive. The next big milestone came when humans discovered Static Electricity. Rubbing of certain materials on certain other materials made the material charged and it could attract lighter objects like feathers. The first record of this phenomenon is available since as early as 600 BCE. But this phenomenon was not well understood and could not be put to use to any human use.

In 17th and 18th century, more experiments were done on static electricity. Benjamin Franklin is credited to discovery of electricity. He used a kite and key to experiment in 1752. His experiment showed that the lightening is the same as electricity. This was a crucial understanding to see electricity in action in natural phenomenon. After all, science uses naturally occurring events as a step stone to develop its understanding, to mimic the event and put it to human use.

However, all these discoveries and experiments of static electricity were giving power in a sudden burst which was not possible to contain or put to any use. (In fact, to this day we wish to harness the power of lightening. It could solve all our power problems.) So, it was a milestone achievement when Italian physicist Alessandro Volta discovered that certain chemical reactions could also generate electricity. If one could control the rate of the chemical reaction, one could ensure a steady supply of electricity.

This discovery was that chemical reactions could generate electricity was quite a chance discovery. Around 1800, an Italian doctor Luigi Galvani found that a frog’s leg twitched when it touched two different kinds of metals. Volta studied these findings and concluded that the different metals created a potential difference and thus the electric current flowed. So, Volta needed only to create a potential difference between two points which could be connected through a wire for electric current to flow. As simple as water flowing through pipe.

The Voltaic cell opened a door for chemical cells. Different metals and electrolytes have been tried by different scientists. A few that we use till date are Lead Acid cell, and Dry cells (as in pencil/AAA batteries).

Research methodology: Important topic for Net Exam

Define Research –

Research is quest for knowledge and a process to find something new done in systematic, organized process.  It is used both in scientific and non-scientific field. In a practical way, it a systemized way of finding practical solution to new problems, events, phenomena and processes that arises every day and practically implementing solution and suggestion required to tackle that problem.

Classification of Research

Basic or Fundamental research – It is broadly classified into two main types of research.   It also knows as theoretical research and study of some natural phenomenon.  . Basic researches sometimes may not lead to immediate use or application. It is not concerned with solving any practical problems of immediate interest. It provides a systematic and deep insight into a problem and facilitates extraction of scientific and logical explanation and conclusion on it. It helps build new frontiers of knowledge. The outcomes of basic research form the basis for many applied research.

Key points of Basic Research is

  • Aims at basic processes
  • Attempts to explain why things happen
  • Tries to get all the facts
  • Reports in technical language of the topic
  • Seeks generalization

Applied Research
In an applied research one solves certain problems employing well known and accepted theories and principles. Most of the experimental research, case studies and inter-disciplinary research are essentially applied research. Applied research is helpful for basic research. A research, the outcome of which has immediate application is also termed as applied research. Such a research is of practical use to current activity.

Applied research

  • Studies individual or specific cases without the objective to generalize
  • Aims at any variable which makes the desired difference
  • Tries to say how things can be changed
  • Tries to correct the facts which are problematic
  • Reports in common language

Quantitative research

  • It is numerical, non-descriptive, applies statistics or mathematics and uses numbers.
  • It is an iterative process whereby evidence is evaluated.
  • The results are often presented in tables and graphs.
  • It is conclusive.
  • It investigates the what, where and when of decision making.

Qualitative research

  • It is non-numerical, descriptive, applies reasoning and uses words.
  • Its aim is to get the meaning, feeling and describe the situation.
  • Qualitative data cannot be graphed.
  • It is exploratory.
  • It investigates the why and how of decision making.

Mixed research-

Research is a research that involves the mixing of quantitative and qualitative methods or paradigm characteristics. Nature of data is mixture of variables, words and images.

Other types of research are

Exploratory research

  • Its primary goal is to understand or to explain relationships.
  • It uses correlations to study relationships between dimensions or characteristics off individuals, groups, situations, or events.

Explanatory research

  • Its primary goal is to understand or to explain relationships.
  • It uses correlations to study relationships between dimensions or characteristics off individuals, groups, situations, or events.

Longitudinal Research

Research carried out longitudinally involves data collection at multiple points in time.

Cross-sectional Research

It is Research is research in which data is gathered at once during a period of days, weeks or months.

https://innspub.net/types-of-scientific-research/

Social Media: Connects people world-wide

COVID-19 is upon us at its full force. While unlock 1.0 may be in effect It is still unsafe to step out at a time like this as the number of cases continue to rise everyday at an alarming rate. Places where people used to meet up like colleges, workplaces, school etc are closed and social distancing is recommended all over the world to protect ourselves and prevent the spread of coronavirus 

With everything that has been happening, there are a lot of people who haven’t seen their friends or families in months. Catching up at a time like this is harder than we think as we used to take everything for granted. Thankfully, once again, technology has lend us a hand. Social media has made connecting to the ones who are physically far away from us possible and extremely easy. With a few taps on your smartphone and an internet connection, you can now connect to most of the people you know via social media. You can also connect with unknown people and meet new people. 

Social media are apps or websites which focus on connecting one person to another and ways of keeping everyone updated with your life. The main social media apps used world-wide are Whatsapp, Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat. 

Whatsapp  is basically a texting/ calling/ video-calling app where the user needs a phone number to make an account. He can then text, send a photo, send a video. etc to anyone in his/ her contact list. Whatsapp also allows posting of any photo or video or text via status. That is visible to all your contacts. These stories are temporary and get deleted in 24 hrs. 

Instagram is a social media app which focuses on connecting via visual methods. You can post permanent videos, pictures etc which remain on your profile page for your followers to see. You can create your account via an email id or phone number, search up your friend”s usernames and follow them. It also allows direct messaging and video calling anyone who has an account as well and communicating via text or photos or videos. You can also post temporary 24 hr stories for anyone to see. 

Twitter is a social media app or website which basically focuses on communicating and connecting via posting a small text or para which is called a tweet. Although you can tweet photos and videos too, this app focuses more on tweeting text for your followers to see. The account making procedure is similar to that of Instagram recently they have also added a fleets feature which is the same as stories on Instagram, Whatsapp, Snapchat and Facebook. You can also send direct messages via the app to other accounts. 

Facebook is one of the first social media websites or apps which became massively popular. It allows postings of photos or videos which your friends can see. Your friends are added by searching their names up and sending them a friend request. The account making procedure is similar to that of twitter and Instagram. It also allows posting of 24 hrs temporary stories and direct messages to your friends. Facebook was the most popular social media some years ago. Now even though it is still widely used. It is not as popular as it was among youth as other applications like Instagram, Snapchat and Twitter are said to be better.  

Snapchat is also a social media app which focuses on communicating safely. The text messages disappear after the other person sees them. Unless you keep saving every text. When someone takes a screenshot of the chat or of something you sent them or your story, Snapchat tells you. Snapchat was the first app which introduced the stories feature. Later, other apps copied the same idea.

Life like a song : A Mystery Envolved !!!!!!!!!!!!

What is Life? Can you all answer this question in a single term? I think Life can’t be explained in a single term or you can say that there is no single word that can express the real meaning of life. Life is full of Emotions, Up’s and Down’s, happiness and sorrows. Life is just an unspeakable. Firstly there is a huge mystery of the origin of life but there is one more big mystery i.e. itself life where we can’t say what will happen after a minute. The truth is that we can’t live our present because we always think for the future or of the past because when past was present we have not lived it because that time we was dreaming for the future i.e. present today and for sure we will not enjoy our future because that time we will think for the next upcoming day.

Just see a story that explains the real meaning of life because reality is this that till now we don’t know the actual meaning of life. So just read this story from down to your heart.  There was a girl named Shania full of dreams in her mind, she was of 10 years but she has never seen a childhood. No, she was a normal girl like others but the conditions never allow her to enjoy her childhood. She was of 5 when she lost her parents in a car accident and now she was left with her granny who was not well so she started doing some work that she can find in her street. One day a rich man passed through the street and seeing the fresh apples in the bucket he told the driver to stop the car and ask the driver to buy some apples but the driver refuses by saying that sir doesn’t buy the fruits from this dirty girl. I’II takes you to the big fresh store and from there you can buy the fruits.

Credit: Third Party Reference

Next day when that rich man again passed from that street he sees that girl polishing the shoe. He stops their and ask her the reason behind her work as he have never seen a girl polishing a shoes before. A week passed everyday that man found the Shania in a different role. One day while returning from her office he sees Shania selling Bananas in front of the bus stop. He asked her that what she is doing in this dark midnight.

Shania told her that it is almost ten and a last bus is going to arrive and after selling these left banana she will return to her place .The man thinks that ‘who will buy these banana in this midnight’ and so he asked her to sit in her car as he will drop her and told her to sell the left banana next day. Shania refused by saying that “who knows that the tomorrow will come or not” and she takes her way.

A week passed that man has not found Shania and suddenly one day he found Shania asking for money in the streets he helped Shania and follows her to know that why she needs the money urgently. While following her he found Shania eating the food in the five star hotels and he got very angry by seeing that and asks for her money when Shania came out from a hotel. Shania told her that she will return it back soon and went her way.

Credit: Third Party Reference

Before going that man finds a letter in the ground in which there was a hospital’s address and when he reach there what he sees was unspeakable he sees a Shania sitting near the bed and there he knows the truth that the patient is Shania’s granny who has went through an operation 2 days before and now she is taking her last breath. He also learns the truth that Shania was there in that hotel just to return the money to the moneylender and he only offers her the left over ordered food which she was eating as she was hungry from 2 days and that day he realised the real meaning of hunger and life.

Really a life is like a Pizza, Which comes in a square box, is round from inside and becomes triangle when we eat it. We can’t say that what we see is real and what is real we can see it. Nothing is predictable so enjoy your present but defiantly make a big goal for your future because if you decide it you can worth it.