Category: Education

Crowdfunding and How it works?

Crowd Funding dates back to 1713 when Alexander Pope united his subscribers to find the translation of Homer’s Iliad into English. He had promised to include the 750 donors’ names in the book in exchange for two gold guineas.

The Internet has modernized crowdfunding by connecting people in search of funds with the general public. Crowd funding is generally defined as the collective – ‘Crowd pooling funds’ to support a specific project or an organization. Crowd fund serves as an alternative source of capital to support a wide range of ideas and ventures. Crowd funding can also be a great way to fund ideas and it can also be a great way for new businesses to get some funding in the initial stages.

An entity or individual raising funds through crowd funding typically seeks small individual contributions from a large number of people. Crowdfunding campaigns have a specified target amount to be raised. It can also be a goal and an identified use of those goals.

The entrepreneur of the company usually offers donors non monetary goods in return for their donation. The reward is personal satisfaction. This makes crowd funding a very efficient and cost effective method to raise money. Some of the most popular platforms for crowdfunding are Kickstarter and Indiegogo.

But we also have to realize that not all the companies or entrepreneurs are successful in funding their campaign. The majority of the campaigns fail. They usually fail to hit their financial targets. Kickstarter’s success rate sits around 38%.

The ways to Endure a successful campaign

One of the ways to ensure a successful crowdfunding is when the entrepreneur defines the objective of their campaign. They also need to factor in how much money is being spent, thus consideration of the costs is also very critical. The entrepreneur also has to be content creator and talk with experts to improve upon the product or the idea. Wise use Networking is also very important to increase the reach of the campaign.

The different types of crowdfunding are:

Donation based crowdfunding

Donation based crowdfunding involves amassing high amounts of donations without needing to provide the investors with anything in return. It is usually used for charities and NGOs.

Rewards based crowdfunding

Rewards-based might seem similar to Donation based crowdfunding but there are key differences that make it one of the most popular forms of crowdfunding. This form of crowd funding is also the most feasible to startups to utilize. One of the main differences is that investors are provided with different tiers of rewards which directly correspond with the numerous wage pledges.

Equity based crowdfunding

This form of crowd funding is increasingly getting very popular among startups. One of the primary reasons is that startups are usually short of money and by providing investors with shares in their company can be a great way to raise funds rapidly.

Royalty based crowdfunding

It is a type of crowd funding that gives its backers a smaller percentage of the revenue that’s gained once the venture or project becomes successful and starts to generate money. One big difference between Equity based funding and this one is that backers will only get royalties based on sales that are made from the product they invested in.

Loan or debt based crowdfunding

This form of crowd funding is beneficial for the owners of the company because they do not need to give shares and royalty. Instead this is more similar to a typical loan where the project initiator has to repay the amount within a certain period of time. It can also be used to raise a comparatively large amount of money.

References:

Effects of air pollution

Effects of air pollution

  • Human health
  • Animals
  • Plants
  • Material
  • Stratosphere
  • Environment

Impact on plants

  • Reduced plant growth
  • Damage to leaves of crops plant
  • Susceptible to disease, pest, Frost

Impact on materials

  • Cars
  • Homes
  • Monument, sites

Impact on health

  • By VOCs, suspended particles
  • Lung cancer
  • Headache, dizziness
  • Respiratory diseases
    • Asthma – By SO2, smoking
    • Bronchitis – NO2
    • Influenza, cold- NO2

Effect on human health

  • Irritation of eye, nose and throat.
  • In severe cases, there may be headache, nausea and loss of coordination and concentration.
  • It lowers our resistance to cold and pneumonia.
  • CO has affinity towards hemoglobin which cause disturbance in
    • transportation of oxygen
    • impairing our concentration
    • slow our reflexes
    • make us confused and sleepy
    • feel suffocation.
  • SO2 in the air lead to disease of lung and other lung disorders such as wheezing and shortness of breath.
  • Chronic respiratory disease- lung cancer, heart disease, damage to the brain liver or kidney.
  • Effect of arsenic, Asbestos, Mercury and Benzene can cause mutation, reproduction problems or even cancer.

Effects on plant

  • Pollutant enters through stomata.
  • Pollutant Erode waxy coating of the leaves called cuticle
    • Cuticle prevent excessive water loss and damage from disease pest, drought and Frost.
  • Destroy chlorophyll
  • Affect photosynthesis
  • Damage of leaf structure causes :-
    1. Necrosis – damage to leaf structure.
    2. Chlorosis- loss /reduction of chlorophyll causing yellowing of leaves.
    3. Abscission – Dropping of leave.
    4. Epinasty – Downward curling of leaves.
    5. Death of plants.

Effect on aquatic life

  • Precipitation in the form of acid rain cause high acidity in freshwater lake.
  • Acid rain affect aquatic life especially fish.
  • Some of freshwater lake have experienced total fish death.

Effect on material

  • Due to corrosiveness, particulates can cause damage to exposed surfaces.
  • Ozone causes crackling of rubber.
  • SO2 and water form H2S – corrosion as well as disfigurement of Statue made up of limestone or marble.
  • Oxides of Nitrogen can cause fading of cotton and Rayon fibres.

Effect on environment

Global warming
  • Visibility
  • Pollutants in the presence of Sunlight produce photochemical smog.
  • Emission of greenhouse gases tends to global warming.
  • Chlorofluorocarbons carbons also cause Ozone layer depletion.

The phenomenon of trapping and reradiating heat by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is referred to Greenhouse effect.

  • Natural greenhouse effect keep Earth warm .
  • Global mean temperature of earth is + 15 degree Celsius.
  • Water vapour, CO2, H2O, CH4, ozone and cfcs present in minute quantities but maintain the temperature of Earth.
  • In the absence of greenhouse gases, the temperature of earth would be much lower than – 20 degree Celsius.

Enhanced greenhouse effect means global warming.

You, me and the screens

21 Virtual Graduation Ideas 2021 — How to Throw a Virtual Graduation Party

No one ever knew that coronavirus would stay on this long, and a 21 days lockdown would extend to a year and half now. All the plans, the expectations of getting a normal grad-farewell, went nowhere but into an invisible bin in space.
Day by day, breath by breath, I find it hard to live, to exist; sitting and wasting the last year of my graduation attending lectures online – what worse could happen. But no. The worse was yet to come an online farewell?! For real?

I get that this is not really as worse as the situation is out there. Millions of people have lost thier jobs and their only source of income. Many corners of the world has peoples starving to death. Here every passing second, I can hear the intensity of sirens increasing next street. My phone is buzzed with calls of my parents asking if I’m doing okay and also my relatives informing that they tested positive and we could do nothing but just be there emotionally, a thousand miles apart. Just like the cases, the number of deaths of knowns and unknowns are increasing and I’m so intimidated by the pain and anxiety this has left us with.

If we look back when everything was normal, when we could roam around with our friends and family, when we could have things we craved for at that instance, when we could watch skies changing colours while the sun setting down over chit chatting with our friends, when we could stay with them even if the sky turned dark. When there were no curfews, no restrictions, we could stay that way as long as we wished for.
Only if we knew in March’20, maybe then, we could hold on to our closer ones a little longer, we would enjoy that last sunset together a little longer, we would enjoy that one last meal together a little longer.
Only if we knew that time, we would appreciate those small little things more than we ever did. This pandemic taught us few lessons though; to reconnect with our loved ones; to appreciate and be grateful for every little joy of happinesses.

Ever since our births, we’re always taught to look at the brighter picture. This pandemic taught us few lessons though; to reconnect with our loved ones; to appreciate and be grateful for every little joy of happinesses. Even if we’re miles apart from our loved ones, we’re still connected to them by these screens; these megapixel screens act as a ray of hope to the darkness of despair around. In the end, all that I have now is just me and these megapixel screens. But, is it really an end if it’s not a happy one? Somewhere deep down in our hearts we still know we’re going to live that life before Covid again; where we would step out of our houses without masks & sanitizers. But this time hasn’t come yet. So, we still have to follow all the safety precautions as we know together we can get through this.

“United we stand, divided we fall”

SCHEDULING

How Can You Plan Your Days?

There are two kinds of people, first ones are those who like to plan their days and the other one are those who like spontaneity. Being spontaneous adds a level of excitement to your life because you don’t know what you are going to do next. This behavior is good when you are enjoying leisure time. But if you are a working professional or a student it is necessary to have a schedule drawn up so you know how to proceed with your day without wasting time. Scheduling brings a certain discipline that certainly makes your life easier.

Planning helps you get control over your life. If you are a serious procrastinator , planning is exactly what you need to make you more productive. If you are not much of a planner, the below mentioned tips might help you understand how you can plan your days.

  • Start with planning your week: For a first timer it is advised that you start planning for a week rather than a day. For example, a student can plan to study a particular subject for 5 hours that week. This gives them room to decide what day they want to study that subject and in how many shifts. Allot your time in hours rather than days. Planning for a week takes the pressure off your daily commitments. Once you are able to complete all your tasks for the week, you can start planning for each day.
  • Plan your day the night before: It is always a good idea to plan the next day, the night before. This helps you make room for your professional as well as personal commitments. You can allot time to any plans that arise suddenly and also plan your work commitments around that.
  • Plan at the same time: It is advised to plan at the same time everyday. It will act like a closing task for the day and will make you feel a lot better about everything that you have accomplished that day.
  • Prioritize your tasks: Planning is done so you can finish the important tasks and everything gets done on time. The activity would only be successful if you prioritize your tasks and perform them starting from most important to least important. People are generally productive in the morning and thus it is beneficial to get all the heavy tasks done during the day so the rest of the day feels lighter and the pressure is off.
  • Take regular breaks: It is very important to take breaks between your work/study sessions. Plan to make a wiggle room for rest after a number of hours. Plan in a manner that your day does not only involve tasks. On the other hand it is also important to keep in mind that the breaks must not be too long. This will reduce your overall productivity.
  • Follow through: Planning your day is easy but the challenging task is to get through with it. Display the timetable directly before your eyes so that you are constantly reminded of all the things you need to get done. If you slack off, don’t give up on the whole constitution of planning. Make room for the left out task the next day. Think of planning and scheduling as developing a habit and do it regularly for 21 days before it becomes a conscious part of your life.

Planning breaks the streak of unproductivity. Once you plan and go through with it the, you won’t be asking yourself “What did I do all day?”. Instead You would be proud about how much you got done. As an added bonus, planning helps reduce the stress quotient and you achieve peace of mind because you framed a plan with all the goals you can attain and there is no room for procrastinate. If this article fails to convince you on planning your day, why don’t you give it a try and experience the results yourself.

WHAT DOES ADOLESCENCE NEED?

Need for independence

With the growing physical and mental development an adolescent wants to express his opinion independently, to take part in different social activities and to become self-dependent like any adult member of the society. On attaining adolescence, the child who earlier used to depend on his elders, finds himself full of life and energy and cannot help but to take part in the diverse activities of the society. Thus, he defies the dominance of his elders and wants to proceed in life independently

Need for self-recognition

The adolescents not only want to take part in different social activities but also want self-recognition. They want to attract attention of other people by showing their abilities. The children in adolescence want to project themselves before the society in such a way so that people can appreciate their qualities and give them due respect and recognition.

Need for self-expression

There is a great desire among the children in adolescence to express their feelings, thoughts and ideas. At this age, every child wants to express himself in his area of proficiency like sports, dramatics, studies, music, literature, art or any other medium.

Need for social life

One of the important needs of adolescents is to take part in the greater social environment. Before entering into the age of adolescence, children do not get much scope to mix with people outside their family. But as they attain adolescence children want to experience the greater social-life and want to get involved closely in different social activities. This need for social life gets an outlet when the adolescents involve themselves in the activities of different social institutions like club, social welfare committee, community service etc.

Need for self-reliance

Another important need of children in adolescence is the need for self-reliance. There is a great desire among the children of this age to become self-reliant as soon as they attain puberty. And they start dreaming about their future professions and the ways to establish themselves in their respective fields. The children of this age are also very eager to acquire professional qualifications according to their choice.

Need for Philosophy of life, morality and need to know the unknown

The children in adolescence want to have a philosophy of life, a clear concept of morality and want to know all the things which are unknown to them. They have a lot of inquiries regarding the basic purpose of life. They want to know how human life can be goal-directed and what is the main aim of life. When the children attain puberty, they also indulge in a great deal of thinking over the concept of right and wrong, good and bad. They want to evaluate all the activities of themselves and people around them in accordance with the concept of right and wrong. There is always a tendency among them to do whatever is morally right. And if they do something morally wrong, they go through terrible mental agony. At adolescence, there is also a great desire among the children to know what is unknown to them. The new discoveries of science have a great influence on the minds of adolescents.

Need to satisfy sex-related curiosity

As the children attain puberty they develop a deep sex-related curiosity. This curiosity greatly perturbs them as the result of natural outcome of their sexual development. First, they try to satisfy this curiosity by natural means. But later, by being ignored or scolded by the elders, they try to satisfy this curiosity through abnormal ways. Adolescence is one of the important stages of growth and development of the child. At this stage a unique disturbance develops in the mind of the child. According to modern Psychologists, this disturbance in the mind of the child is not an essential outcome of his physical development, rather it occurs in the mind of adolescents because of unfavourable environment.

How Contemporary Father’s are postively parenting their daughters!

According to Barnett and Kibґiа, positive parent-child relationships heighten many different aspects of psychological well-being while these negative relationships produce psychological distress. Our society mainly concerns mother and child relationships and understanding the impact of the father and daughter relationship on society is almost negligible.

Daughters who have or are being raised under disruptive relations with their fathers are generally plagued with a host of problems throughout their lives and too often problems harming their psychological health, their children as well as other interpersonal relations.

In the age period of adolescence or as young adult women, these girls are more likely to develop psychological and emotional problems and they are more likely to become depressed than the daughters who maintain close relationships with their fathers (Amatο&Dοrius, 2010; Cаrlsοn, 2006; King &Sobοleski, 2006; Stеwart, 2003).

Father – An Underestimated parent

Fathering, since the era of kings and kingdoms were considered a prominent part of the patriarchal society where the sons/daughters were brought up by the fathers whereas the mother was the second parent for their children. The king was the one who taught their sons and daughters about archery and self-defense.  “Man is the creator of the universe”, as rightly pointed in Hinduism and other religion, as Lord Brahma is the creator of the universe and he is the man behind the lives of many living bodies. Man is considered as the priority for giving a contribution to a new soul, without a man a woman cannot contribute to a new life.

Therefore, a father is always a major part of the upbringing of the children.

Father and their Daughter’s :

The reflection of the father affects a daughter’s psyche as her first impression of the opposite gender depends upon firstly looking to her father as her other romantic relationship affects the way she has a positive relationship with her father. The stronger bond she has with her father, the more vigorous and strong understanding she will have for her romantic partner.

Good Parenting is very crucial to build a child with optimistic behavior and psyche. The mindset of any child depends majorly on the place he/she has grown up. The environment impacts a lot in a child’s initial stage of development.

Due to certain cultural and societal norms, we can examine that nurturing of children are often imposed on the mother as a mother is rightly a source of invention, a mother gives life to a soul, so her existence often becomes prominent as she is biologically more connected to a child before he/she is born. Often in this scenario, fathers are distant from their children due to certain norms set by the society that a father is a breadwinner, protector, head of the family, and a medium of finance in the family. So, the Mother becomes a center point of upbringing children,

 As we scrutinize any culture and society, a mother is often subjected if her child is not appropriate in his/her behavior in the further stages of life as the mindset of parenting is towards a mother, not a father!

But as we look in the contemporary society and family structure, we see that fathers are taking a lead role in parenting and this brings a major topic which is called “Fathering”.

Profoundly, fathers are becoming good fathers by having excellent fatherhood qualities that raise their children with a better persona.

Reasons why fathers have taken a lead and gave a contribution to parenting? Well, certain reasons which are so-called “contemporary issues or modern issues” like; divorce of parents, death of a partner, foster parenting, extramarital affairs of father or mother, etc are the reasons counted to be a change in parenting structure.

As we look at the optimistic side, the children raised by fathers are more confident in their professional and personal life as they consider their father as a reflection (to note that certain cases where contemporary issues are going inside the family). As per the study done by the experts in parenting and family structure of society brings us the data that those children who suffer the pain of losing parents or suffer from the environment where their parents do not have a good relation often tend to get discouraged and affects their personality and relationship with the outside world.

In certain cases, the family structure where there is a divorced single parent, the child is often depressed which somewhere or the other affects the cognitive, social, and emotional disbalance in his/her behavior which often makes them negative in personality.

Paternity vs Maternity:

In the provided 2 positions often there is a huge bridge between maternity (Motherhood) and Paternity (fatherhood). The quest is majorly upon, why do paternity be related to father? rather it is denoting both the parents, whereas maternity is only reflected, mother! Paternity is rightly fatherhood as a father is the main key to parenting as he is the divine creator of the whole universe. So, a father is a crucial part of parenting.

Fatherhood is a topic where still researchers are exploring and bringing new notions behind an ideal father-daughter relationship. The contemporary fathers create a benchmark for fathering and prove that fathering or paternity is specifically associated with the father and not the mother.

Breaking the Taboo:

A father in this contemporary society with all those societal norms and ethics breaks all those rules and nurture their daughters without any gender discrimination. The father nurturing was often misinterpreted as a father is a male and a daughter is a female. But this taboo is broken as fathers are the best companions of daughters in their early teenage life where a daughter goes through several body changes in which father becomes a guide, friend, motivator, therapist where she can share her psychological needs and boost her self-confidence by talking and sharing her thoughts with the first man in, her life.

“A good father is one of the most unsung, unpraised, unnoticed and yet, one of the most valuable assets in our society”

– Billy Graham

Pride, prejudice and arrogance.


Augustine, it is “the love of one’s own excellence.”

Pride:

Pride is a double edged sword.

Pride is usually considered in 2 ways
1) The feeling of satisfaction that comes from one’s own achievement or those affiliated to us.
2) Having a high opinion of oneself which sometimes expresses itself in the form of arrogance or excessive belief over one’s abilities.

The opposite of pride is humility

Prejudice:


It is described as a stereotyped attitude towards a particular social group.
There are many types of prejudices. There’s ageism, sexism, racism, those from different religions and ethnic groups, people who are overweight or underweight,  people with sexual orientations and the list is endless.
It varies according to environment who are more likely to become a target. -Prejudice does not need a base or proof. It is mostly based on an individual’s delusional theory regarded someone/something because of something they went through.

-Scientific postulates need proof, trial, and error, and goes through thorough objective examination to form a theory.
It is deduced from natural occurrences to aid the growth of every being on Earth.

-Thus there is a clear boundary between prejudice and science.
Thinking that a human born into an ethnicity they had no control over, is preposterous cannot be ever justified.
Well, I mean have thought over this.
You treat them like a monster, take away the room for growth, or won’t let them have an understanding of the world, force upon them their ancestors or someone’s act, treat their every mistake or an act of love as sin.
You are letting them realize that no matter what they do, they will always be regarded as criminals. In order to live a normal life, in order to escape from Hell on Earth, they will have no option but to take actions that align with their prejudices to have a chance at life.
Aren’t you giving birth to the one you are so wary about? How will assuming negative about someone you haven’t met going to remove the things you want?


It is humane to worry about wolves in sheep’s clothing, it is natural to protect someone you love. But hatred and pride blind not only you but also others from peace, from a true safe environment.
   The mutual understanding that prejudice exists but at the same time, trying to resolve those by complete honesty and understanding will protect you from external influences ( yes, I mean someone who wants conflicts to exist between the groups), and will give the groups a chance to make way for growth despite the differences.
It is very easy for me to say and I realize how idealistic or dreamy it seems, but without interaction between conflicting groups, without a wish to make things better for innocent ones around you, the casualties, hatred, and stereotypes are bound to grow and create wars. 

When prejudice causes a group to be treated differently than others in situations that call for equal treatment, it is called discrimination.

Arrogance:


It can simply be defined as aggressive evolution of pride, and manifested in form of extreme expression emotionally (within one’s mind or vocally).  To exaggerate one’s own worth or importance often in a pompous manner.

  • Doesn’t believe they can mistakes or faults.
  • Tries to put blame on others.
  • Creates a fearful environment.
  • Always wants to be right.

We will talk about the thin line between pride and arrogance soon in following articles. 🙂

Advantages of E-books

Ebooks are an affordable option for many avid readers. Ebooks are the travel-friendly, comfortable, cheapest option and you can read them anytime anywhere. But, there is a misconception about ebooks, some readers Don’t consider Ebooks as books. Indeed it’s not real books. We can’t feel ebooks as the real ones. It’s merely a device with copies. but, there is a lot of advantages in ebooks if we think of an optimistic person.

CHEAP AS CHIPS:

It’s highly affordable, there are a lot of books which can be bought as PDF, MOBI files, DOCX and many formats if we want. And kindle is one of the best options on my list. Once you get your hands on kindle it’s not easy to leave it aside. Because kindle is specially made for ebook readers and who feels that you can’t read real books due to some eye problems. You can give it a try to the kindle app and device. Kindle app is free of cost, but you have to purchase the books on amazon.in some times on amazon, free copies will be available for some limited books you can download if you like to… and mostly classics might be available there. So, if you never read in kindle. This might be a perfect time to try it. Kindle device is not free still it’s affordable. Otherwise, you can use PDF readers or kindle apps also.

CUSTOMIZATION:

There is a lot of customized features when it comes to ebooks. While we are reading real books like paperbacks we can’t change anything we have to read it as it has in the paper. But, when it comes to ebooks. We can change fonts, sizes, Dark mode, light mode, colors of the fonts, colors of the background, alignments, we can look at word counts, we can track our reading speed and we can even take notes without any worries. That the book would be damaged. If it is a real book some people don’t even use pencils. but In e-books, we can change even the highlighter’s colors. And these features are grateful for the readers.

ALL THE TIME:

We can’t read paperbacks at night times. It will damage our eyes. Even mobiles will damage our eyes. But, the kindle is specially made to reduce the effects of UV rays from screening lights. Thus, it is easy to use at night. And especially you need a light source to read paperbacks. But, you can read e-books even though the theme of the screen is in dark mode. So, you can read whenever you want without any necessary sources. All you need is a device with full battery charged and a required wifi connection proceed to download.

HANDY:

E-books are highly Travel-friendly devices. You can read anytime anywhere without real books. If we carry real books we need bags and other belongings. But when it comes to reading e-books, we can read them even on buses or banks. We carry our mobile all the time, wherever we go, thus, e-books can save our time While wasting our time somewhere else wasting like standing in a queue.

However, we can’t say Ebooks are better than paperbacks. E-books also have their disadvantages. but, the positive aspects are worth following upon.

START YOUR OWN BUSINESS https://eduindex.org/2021/07/14/start-your-own-business-part-1/

START YOUR OWN BUSINESS PART-2 https://eduindex.org/2021/07/16/start-your-own-business-part-2/

Present Conditions: Bio-medical Waste Disposal

Biomedical waste poses various health and environmental hazards. Hence, it should be handled with the utmost care and disposed-off safely. Several lacunas exist within the management of biomedical waste in India, and the pandemic posed by the corona virus has made it even tougher. The sudden outbreak of the corona virus led to an exponential rise in the quantity of biomedical waste. Furthermore, the poor infrastructure and lack of human resources have aggravated this example. To combat this serious problem in a timely manner, the government has formulated various standard operating procedures and has amended the existing rules and guidelines. Corona viruses have caused large-scale pandemics, namely, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-1 (SARS-Cov-1) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). A new outbreak in this family was added in November-December of 2019 as the novel corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by a large group of highly diverse, enveloped, positive sense, and single-stranded RNA viruses, namely, SARS-CoV-2. Mass sampling with rapid tests, isolation of suspects/patients, use of personal protective measures, social distancing, and life-supporting treatments are known countermeasures to prevent fighting this fatal pandemic. Personal protective equipment (PPE), surgical (and protective) face masks, aprons/gowns, and nitrile gloves are essentially used to protect individuals from exposure to pathogens and contaminants. Traditionally, these protective measures have been predominantly used against pathogens in hospitals. However, COVID-19 has necessitated their usage in domestic isolation and individual protection, leading to a rapid accumulation of potentially infectious waste streams. The entire world is, therefore, facing an unprecedented challenge to fighting COVID-19 together with the myriad COVID-waste.

The composition of waste is greatly influenced by disposable plastic-based personal protective equipment (PPE) and single-use plastics by online shopping for most basic necessities. The use of PPEs and single-use plastics during the pandemic not only increased the quantity of medical waste but also altered the average density of the medical waste. Waste generation amid COVID-19, especially discarded PPEs and single-use plastics, has been an environmental and public health crisis around the world, particularly in countries with developing economies and those in transition. Safe solid waste management is already a matter of major concern in these countries where safe and sustainable practice is scarce and healthcare waste has not been adequately regulated. India is generating tonnes of hospital waste in just a few months, in which Maharastra is the highest contributor because it has the highest number of COVID-19 cases and hence the waste produced.
The bio waste is just dumped in the open at the airports. Perfect norms are not followed. This is leading to a serious increase in COVID-19 cases in India. The used PPE kits are dumped properly by following the norms or the rules and regulations given by the government, hence the increased cases of infection and deaths. These should be dumped after destroying them so that they can not be reused, which can also lead to the transmission of the infection. After that, these things should be perfectly dumped so that no further transmission can occur.

Generally, discarded healthcare waste and other forms of clinical waste are disposed of in a sanitary landfill or incinerated in the form of waste for energy recovery. However, in many developing countries, healthcare waste along with municipal solid waste is dumped in the open or in poorly managed landfills where the movements of waste pickers and livestock such as dogs, goats, and cows are often noticed. A few countries also apply advanced technology to treat their medical waste by steam sterilizing (autoclaving) or chemically disinfecting, but they are exceptional.
We should make some changes in medical waste disposal technology, as in the case of COVID-19. It is important to come up with something new. We normally use decentralization to centralization, from irregular to regular management, and from mostly incineration to non-incineration disposal technologies such as autoclave steam, dry heat, chemical disinfection, or microwave.
The treatment facilities for medical waste should be more automated and based on technology, with a minimum of workers involved. The goals of making automatic processes and the use of minimum workers for infectious waste are what we can do so that there are fewer risks and chances of transmission. Larger capacities of mobile facilities should be maintained, particularly during the pandemic, which may be vital for developing countries where medical waste disposal facilities are limited. The mobile facilities aren’t only convenient for emergency situations, but can also be used as a strategic backup capacity for a state in the future.

Overcome Demotivation and Restlessness

Photo by Andrew Neel on Pexels.com

Feeling demotivated , restless and anxious is not pleasant. It can make it more difficult for you to work , to be creative and to feel better.

Sometimes, our lack of motivation has a clear root. Identifying it can help us address it and reduce the feelings of restlessness. Here are few strategies that will help you overcome this and create a optimistic and productive mindset.

TAKE A BREAK

Sometimes, restlessness comes from too much work or too much routine. Our brain needs a bit of rest and novelty. Take a break without worrying too much about problems and you will come back energized and ready to take on the situation

DO HANDS-ON WORK

Often, we tend to get too stuck on our digital devices or too caught up in our heads. Instead, go and do something that involves interacting with real world. Clean a room, Organize your desk, water the plants or do some gardening.

SCHEDULE SOMETHING FUN

A common reason for the lack if motivation us the feeling that our day is going to be dull and unpleasant. You can address it by scheduling something fun for later. Once you’re done with work, you will know that there is something truly enjoyable waiting for you and this can help you focus more on work and not on procrastination and give your day a sense of meaning.

SELF-CARE

Check to make sure you have eaten or grab a snack. Drink enough. Take a nap or lie down, if possible. Move your body. Do something that helps you feel good, even if it’s just writing for few minutes, having a favorite snack or meditating for a while. Check with your body and see what you need at the moment.

SET A DEADLINE

Work and chores tend to occupy as much time as we give them. If you have a whole day to finish a task, it might take you a whole day. If you have two hours, you will finish in those two hours. A good tip to reduce restlessness is set a deadline that will push you to start acting now. It will help you get into action right away. However, to respect the deadline you set for yourself and stop working when you said you would.

Career options after 10th class

Career is one of most important aspect in our life. Choosing a right career is hard and confusing. Sometimes student often chooses wrong, due to lack of knowledge about streams. Only a few students are clear about what they want in there life. Sometimes a wrong decision can change our life completely. This blog is for them who are confused about there career, choose the stream which suits you the most because rest of your career is in that field only. In this blog, you can see all career options available after 10th class.

Career options after 10th class

  1. Science, PCM(Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics)

This is one of the most famous and popular stream every year lakhs of student join this stream. Students who are interested in engineering, architecture, bachelor of science, pharmacy, commercial pilot, banking, defense, mathematics can go with this stream. This stream includes Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics. With this stream you can write top entrance examinations like JEE Main & Advance, Bit Sat, NDA, KVPY, etc. With this exams you can get admission into top institutions like IIT’s(Indian Institute of Technology), Bits(Birla Institute of Technology & Science), IISc Bangalore, NIT’s(National Institute of Technology). There are many career options after this stream.

2. Science, PCB(Physics, Chemistry, and Biology)

This is also one of the most popular stream. Students who are interested in medical profession can go up with this stream. This stream includes Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. With this stream you can write top entrance examinations like NEET, AIIMS, NEST, JIPMER, EAMCET, etc. With these exams you can get admission in top institutions like AIIMS, Madras medical college, Grant medical college, Stanley medical college, Christian medical college, etc. The career options after this stream are MBBS, BDS pharmacy, Bachelor of Science, agriculture, biotechnology, etc.

3. Commerce

It is the second popular course after science, If you are interested in economics, civics, finance, and mathematics then you should go with commerce. In commerce you have two options, commerce with maths and commerce without math’s. Commerce with maths is known MEC(Mathematics, Economics, and Commerce) and Commerce without maths is known as CEC(Commerce, Economics, and Civics). With commerce steam you can write top entrance examinations like CSEET, CMA, SET, Xavier’s Entrance exam, etc. The career options after commerce are Bachelor of Commerce, Chartered Accountant, Bachelor of Law, Business Administration, Bachelor of Economics, etc.

4. Arts/humanities

If you are interested in history, arts, designs then you should go with arts/humanities. Nowadays arts /humanities are in high demand and more students are opting it now. With this stream you can write entrance examinations like SAT, CLAT, MRNAT, NIFT, etc. The career options after arts are bachelor of arts, bachelor of journalism, bachelor of fine arts, business administration, bachelor of fashion design. Students who take up art stream develop critical thinking. It also helps you increase your leadership qualities.

5. Diploma

If you are interested in engineering then you can go with diploma. Diploma is a professional course that provides you the practical knowledge in a field of technology. Diploma generally large for 3 years. After the completion of diploma course, student can directly join second year in engineering course. After diploma you can write entrance exams like TS POLYCET, AP POLYCET, RRB, MP PPT, APJEE, etc.

That’s all from my side. I hope you like it.

Management of Biomedical Waste Disposal

According to the latest guidelines for segregation and management of biomedical waste and its disposal is through colour coding:

  • Yellow Bag: it consists of the hospital wastes like the used dressings, bandages and cotton swabs with body fluids and blood, blood bags, human anatomical waste or the category 1 waste, body parts or organs.
  • Red Bag: it costs of all category 4 wastes which the sharp things used like needles, syringes, also consists of used or soiled gloves, IV tubes and these are later incinerated.
  • Cardboard box with blue marking: This consists of ampules, glass vials and other glass ware are discarded in cardboard boxes.
  • White puncture proof container: These are consisting of needles, sharps, blades and these are disposed in white translucent puncture proof container.
  • Black Bags: These are to be used for non-bio-medical waste. In a hospital setup, this includes stationary, vegetable and fruit peels, leftovers, packaging including that from medicines, disposable caps, disposable masks, disposable shoe-covers, disposable tea cups, cartons, sweeping dust, kitchen waste etc.
COLOUR CODINGTYPE OF CONTAINERWASTE CATEGORY
YellowPlastic bagCategory 1, 2, 3, 6
RedDisinfected container/ Plastic bagCategory 3, 6, 7
Blue/White translucentPlastic bag/ Puncture proof bagCategory 4, 7
BlackPlastic bagCategory 5, 9, 10 (only solid)

5 National Tourist Places in India

India is a country which has a unique situation. The north is guarded by mountains and the South is guarded by three big oceans. So, India is a big source of natural diversity. Let’s talk about some of them.

  1. Darjeeling:

Position: Darjeeling is a hill town in West Bengal which situated in the foot of Himalayan range.The height of place is 2.042m from sea level. It is under UNESCO World Heritage site. Kanchenjunga world’s third highest peak is also here. The tourist places in Darjeeling are Tiger Hill (it is famous for beautiful Sunrise View), BatasiaLoop (spiral Railway), Himalayan mountaineeringInstitute (this is one of the old and famous mountaineering learning place), Night gale park, Darjeeling ropeway, Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, Darjeeling Rock Garden

(also called Barbotey Garden), Sandakphupeak (at 11941 feet height) world famous tea farms, River drafting, Singalila national park and many more .

  1. Shillong:

Position: Shillong is situated in the Meghalaya state in the North East part of India. This town is above 1495 from sea level. It is called the Scotland of India or Scotland of East. It is capital of Meghalaya state. The tourist places in Shillong are — Shillong peak, elephant Falls (fall with the structure state of elephant feet) ,laitlum Canyon, Don Bosco Museum,Mawphlang, Mawlynnong (the cleanest village). Mawsynram (the wettest place in world), spread Eagle Falls, Khasi hills, Garo Hills, Air Force museum, butterfly and ever living Museum, ward’s lake and many other places.

  1. Cherrapunjee: It is a high attitude town of Meghalaya which is situated in the Northeast part India. It has another name Sohra. The height of this place is High 1430m from sea level.  the best time for visiting this place is October. The popular places in Cherrapunji are double decker living root Brigade gate, which is made from the root of rubber tree ,Nohkalikai Falls, seven sister Falls ,Mawkdok Dympep Valley, Wakaba falls, Khasi Monoliths, Krem Mawmluh ( 4th longest cave in India ), Dainthlen Waterfall, Kyrrem falls, Mawsmai Cave, Mawsynram village (famous for rain. It is also believed that it is the rest place of rain God) any many more.
  1. Coorg: It is a district of Karnataka popular for nature tourism.Its current name is Kodagu. It is under Malandregion. Every time can be better to visit Coorg as it is depending on what you want to see in Coorg.So, tourist places of Coorg are Abbey Falls, kopatty Hills Trek, dubara elephant camp(famous for Elephant)Somwar pat, Honey Valley, CauveryNisaragadhama(among bambous), Tadiandamol peak,Honnomana Kera Lake,mallalli Falls,pushpagiri wildlife sanctuary, chalavera Falls,barapole river (famous for rafting), Nagarhole National Park ,Brahmagiri peak,Nishani motte( famous for tracking)and other places.
  1. Manali: It is a Himalayan High attitude town of Himachal Pradesh in India.The high from sea level of this place is 2050m. It is under the district of Kullu.It is situated in the base of Beas river. The famous natural tourist places are verhisht hot water spring,  Nehru Kund(near the Leh National highway), jogini Falls,Solang Valley, Kothi(a beautiful village),rahala waterfalls ,naggar village ,chandrakhani pass ,Gulaba , Arjunguha, van vihar sanctuary of Manali, Rohtang Pass, Beas Kund Trek (famous for Campion) great Himalayan National Park, Bhrigu Lake ,Kullu ,bhuntar,  Jana water falls ,homptapass ,tirthan valley, Kheerganga and many other places.

MITHALI RAJ!!!

Playing games is one of the best way to make us fit, active and fresh. Yes, playing games teaches you to be a disciplined person and also the importance of brotherhood.Okay, let’s get to the point. Talk about the game we like. Let me ask you, Which game do you like very much? Most of us would answer, I love cricket. Yes, it is the most likable game in India. The sense of watching cricket gives us a pleasure. I hope you all know a little bit about cricket and I said so because I too know a little bit about cricket. Then, let me ask, do you like men’s cricket or women’s cricket? Have you ever watched women’s cricket? I am asking you this type of question because most of us like only men’s cricket. It’s becausethe crase for men players is higher than women players. Let me share my thoughts about a women cricketer named Mithali Raj. Have you ever heard this name? I hope you would have heard about her. Mithali Raj is the captain of Women’s ODI and Test cricket in India. She is the highest run scorer in Women’s International Cricket.

Has Mithali Raj Ever Had Issues Dealing With Media, Like Naomi Osaka? Here's Her Answer
MITHALI RAJ

Mithali Dorai Raj was born on 3rd December 1982 at Jodhour, Rajasthan. Her father’s name is Dorai Raj and he was a Warrant Officer in Indian Air Force. Her mother’s name is Leela Raj. Now, she lives in Hyderabad, Telangana. She completed her high school studies in Keyes High School For Girls. She completed her intermediate studies in Secunderabad. Mithali Raj started to play cricket at her age 10. She used to play with her elder brother. She started her cricket coaching in school days. She used to play with Puurnima Rau, Anjum Chopra during her start of the career and played for Air India.

MITHALI RAJ’S CRICKET CAREER

  • She was named in probables in the 1997 Women’s Cricket WorldCup but she couldn’t make it in the final squad.
  • With her constant efforts she played her first one day debut in 1999 against Ireland and scored 114 runs.
  • At the age of 29, she broke the recored of one’s individual score by beating Karen Roltan in 2002. But in 2004, a pakistan player surpassed Mithali Raj’s record.
  • In 2005, she led the Indian team to the Women’s World Cup finals for the first time but they lost to Australia since they proved too strong.
  • In 2013, She ranked first at ODI chart in the World Cup held that year.
  • In February 2017, She scored 5500 runs in the WODI ans she was the second player to score 5500 runs.
  • Soon after that in July 2017, She became the first player to score 6000 runs in the WODI.
  • Also, in 2017 World Cup, she led the team to the finals and lost to England by 9 runs.
  • In order to make team India mark it’s place in ODI, She retired from T20 International Cricket in 2019. This statement was made by her in the BCCI press meet.
  • In 2019, she was marked as the Captain of Women’s ODI against England.
Interesting Facts About Mithali Raj, The Indian Women's Cricket Team Captain

AWARDS AND HONOURS FOR MITHALI RAJ

  • In 2003, she won the Arjuna Award which is given to person who excel in sports.
  • In 2015, She won Padma Shri which is the fourth highest Civilian honor of India.
  • In 2017, She was given Youth Sports Icon of Excellence Award.
  • In 2017, She was awarded as the Vougue Sportsperson of the Year.
  • In 2020, She was nominated for he Rachael Heyhoe-Flint Award for the award, ICC Female Cricketer of the Decade.

Other than being a right hand batsman, she is also a occasional bowler for India. These achievements prove how hardworking and confident she is!! Women in India are all very talented and high spirited. Yes, every woman is trying to be the best in her field. Mithali Raj is an example for the best women cricketer. Like her, you should try to prove yourself by your achievements rather than complaining or being feared for something. Everybody, come on let’s make India be filled with achievers.

Some reference links