The whole story revolves around two completely different characters, Kafka Tamura and Nakata Sataru and therefore the characters they found in their journey.

Kafka on the Shore demonstrates Murakami’s typical blend of popular culture, mundane detail, magical realism, suspense, humor, an involved plot, and potent sexuality. It also features an increased emphasis on Japanese religious traditions.

Kafka Tamura a 15 year old runaway bearing a forbidden curse given by his late father and painful memories. Kafka’s character is unlike the other fifteen year old kid features a strange touch of complexity and it certainly is deep growing over time. The second character Nakata Sataru an old man who doesn’t have any clue about his past checking out coming future. Nakata, a dumb yet smart his character itself is sort of a paradox, which may only be dumb if he’s smart and only be smart if he’s dumb. Which is totally different from kafka who bears an easy perspective about things. Nakata’s ability to look at things during a strangely simple perspective is what makes the characters strong and firm as a ancient fence .

Both characters goal and life is totally different yet at an equivalent time similar at certain point of your time . It’s like 2 different ends of same thread. One looking back at his past while deed from it while another being careless of his past heading for completing a search which is to shut the doorway of the alternate reality. One is overly smart and hooked in to books along side other things while another doesn’t even knows the characters in his name.

In the book both characters encounter some potential person’s which makes the story interesting.the first person was a boy named crow which is nothing quite a illusion made by kafka in his mind. The person he meet on the bus while he was deed from his home. Later when he visited a personal library in takamatsu he found another person Oshima, a transgender character who supported Kafka throughout the book may be a nicely forged character. his perspective on LGBT community is sort of impressive and he check out things metaphorically which is totally at another level. it is a character which is somewhat neutral at it’s own axis. Then comes Mrs. Saeki. To be honest you’ll fell for her head over heels for her. She’s the central a part of the story. she’s the manager of the private library where oshima works and kafka live throughout most of the novel. Her character is that of a broken but charming woman. She was the one who opened the doorway to the alternate reality so as to guard herself from harsh reality but it seems that it just made her trapped in her own damned reality. The more you study her the more you crave for her past.

Mr. Hoshino is another character who helps nakata in completing his quest. it isn’t like they need been friends from over an extended time but they both meet one another when nakata decides to travel into his quest. Later Mr. Hoshino find nakata a stimulating person and a small resemblance to his grandfather. Which is why he decides to assist out the old man in his quest and he seems to a crucial key during this whole book.
The whole story swings back and forth between the particular reality and therefore the alternate reality where time is simply a mere concept and memories are just a bunch of obsolete things.
in this book Murakami’s 

literary genre is simply like taking note of a musical sonata, where the sounds of musical instruments bind together at some extent and every one of sudden it alter,break apart into one peak and therefore the process itself goes on and on. The very scale of rising and down with each passing moment never cease to amaze you. In here rather than musical instruments the complex yet simplicity of every and each character is what makes the entire composition exotically attractive.

There are a lot of signs that might tell you something about your mental health. Those signs might be completely new to you or something you didn’t notice.

Here are the signs that shows you are depressed.

LOW MOTIVATION

Low motivation is also called Anhedonia. Anhedonia lies at the core of depression There might be times when you don’t feel like doing things. You might feel drained even when you haven’t done anything. It doesn’t mean that you don’t like doing it, its just that you are too tired to do it and socially withdraws you by surrounding you with negative feelings.

HOPELESSNESS AND HELPLESSNESS

When you are depressed you are mostly hopeless and feel like you are stuck in this world with no light at all. Helplessness kick in right after hopelessness to indicate that we are incapable of doing things. This combination can make you feel like trapped in a dark room, and the door is locked too. During this zone you can try to challenge yourself into things that are bothering you and break out bit by bit.

FATIGUE

Fatigue is another sign that leads to depression. Most of the people say that it is unstable sleep schedule that causes fatigue but it is just that you are too tired and don’t have energy to do things. Taking antidepressants, low/high diet, sleeplessness, stress etc can increase the chances of gaining fatigues. Yoga or exercise is a good solution to put yourself to bed as it can help you lower the sign of fatigue.

INDECISIVENESS

Depression happens to have an impact on your cognition. It will make activities such as decision making, thinking, problem solving, memorizing, and functioning very difficult. The decision making is even more difficult during a depressive episode as you always expect a negative income. Try to consult a therapist as they can help you find a way out.

ANXIETY

Anxiety is a disorder on its own but it has connections with depression as the symptoms for them both are similar. Anxiety can make you feel things like rapid breathing, panicking, feeling unsafe, and trouble focusing on things. Anxiety can be lessened by doing stuff that you are comfortable doing. It could be anything like making your bed, painting, writing journal, taking a walk etc.

IF YOU ARE RELATING TO ANY OF THE SYMPTOMS THEN TRY SEEKING HELP. DON NOT NEGLECT YOUR MENTAL HEALTH.

Article by : Haniah Mirza

Original Jurisdiction👩‍⚖️:

🌟In their Judicial capacity, the High Courts of the President towns Bombay, Calcutta and Madras have original and appellate jurisdiction, while other High Courts have mostly appellate jurisdiction.
🌟Only in matters of admiralty, probate, matrimonial and contempt of Court, they have original jurisdiction.

Appellate Jurisdiction👨‍⚖️:

As Courts of appeal, all High Courts entertain appeals in civil and criminal cases from their subordinate Courts as well as on their own.

Writ Jurisdiction👩‍⚖️:

🌟Under Article 226 of the Constitution, the High Courts are given powers of issuing writs not only for the enforcement of the Fundamental Rights, but also for other purposes.
🌟The writs issued through Writ Jurisdiction are,

🔅Habeas Corpus
🔅Mandamus
🔅Prohibition
🔅Quo Warranto
🔅Certiorari

Supervisory Jurisdiction👨‍⚖️:

High court has the power of superintendence over all courtsvand tribunals functioning in its terrorial Jurisdiction. Thus, it may

🌟Call for returns from them;
🌟Make an issue, general rules and prescribe forms for regulating the practice and proceedings of them.
🌟Prescribe forms in which books, entries and accounts are to be kept by them.
🌟Settle the fees payable to the sheriff, clerks, officers and legal practitioners of them.

Control over Subordinate Courts👩‍⚖️:

🌟It is consulted by the governor in the matters of appointment, posting and promotion of district judges and in the appointment of persons to the Judicial service of the state.
🌟It deals with the matters of posting, promotion, grant of leave, transfer and discipline of the members of the Judicial service of the state.

Mobile or cell phones are now a days an integral part of modern telecommunications in every individual life. In many countries, over half of the population use mobile phones and the mobile phone market is growing rapidly. Saudi Arabia rank first among the countries of the gulf region with highest proportion of mobile users, a study conducted by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). In gulf countries, Oman ranked second, followed by Kuwait and the UAE. As billions of people use mobile phones globally, a small increase in the incidence of adverse effects on health could have major public health implications on long term basis. Besides the number of cell phone calls per day, the length of each call and the amount of time people use cell phones are important factors which enhance the health related risk. 

Mobile phones emit radiofrequency energy, a form of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation, which can be absorbed by tissues close to the phone. The amount of radiofrequency energy a mobile phone user is exposed depend on many factors as the technology of the phone, the distance between the phone and the user, the extent and type of mobile phone use and the user’s distance from cell phone towers. 

In 2011, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified mobile phone radiation possibly carcinogenic, means that there “could be some risk” of carcinogenicity, so additional research into the long-term, heavy use of mobile phones needs to be conducted. 

While an increased risk of brain tumours from the use of mobile phones is not established, the increasing use of mobile phones and the lack of data for mobile phone use over time periods longer than 15 years warrant further research of mobile phone use and brain cancer risk. In particular, with the recent popularity of mobile phone use among younger people, potentially longer lifetime of exposure, WHO has promoted further research on this group and is currently assessing the health impact of RF fields on all studied endpoints. A cohort study in Denmark linked billing information from more than 358,000 cell phone subscribers with brain tumour incidence data from the Danish Cancer Registry. The analyses found no association between cell phone use and the incidence of glioma, meningioma, or acoustic neuroma, even among people who had been cell phone subscribers for 13 or more years. 

The American Cancer Society (ACS) states that the IARC classification means that there could be some risk associated with cancer, but the evidence is not strong enough to be considered causal and needs to be investigated further. Individuals who are concerned about radiofrequency exposure can limit their exposure, including using an ear piece and limiting cell phone use, particularly among children. 

Scientists have reported adverse health effects of using mobile phones including changes in brain activity, reaction times, and sleep patterns. More studies are underway to try to confirm these findings. When mobile phones are used very close to some medical devices (including pacemakers, implantable defibrillators, and certain hearing aids) there is the possibility of causing interference with their operation. There is also the potential of interference between mobile phones signals and aircraft electronics. Some countries have licensed mobile phone use on aircraft during flight using systems that control the phone output power.

Research has shown an increased risk of traffic accidents, about 3–4 times greater chance of an accident, when mobile phones (either handheld or with a “hands-free” kit) are used while driving due to distraction. 

Children have the potential to be at greater risk than adults for developing brain cancer from cell phones. Their nervous systems are still developing and therefore more vulnerable to factors that may cause cancer.

The FDA ⁽⁷⁾ have suggested steps to reduce the exposure to radiofrequency energy:

• Reserve the use of cell phones for shorter conversations or for times when a landline phone is not available.
• Use a hands-free device, which places more distance between the phone and the head of the user.

In the era of movies with less creative plots, we left many hidden gems of Indian cinema with the best plots and absolute talented cast members, which got less appreciation than it deserves.

Some of the cult creations in Indian cinema are:

1.Udaan.

It’s a movie released in 2010 directed by Vikramaditya Motwane, the movie based on the story of a teenage boy living with his aggressive father after been expelled from a boarding school, with cast members Rajat Barmecha, Ronit Roy,  Aayan Boradia Ram Kapoor, Manjot Singh and Anand Tiwari.

2. I am kalam

A 2011 Indian movie directed by Nila madhab Panda with casting members as Harsh Mayar, Hussan Saad, Gulshan Gover, Dharmveer jakhar, Beatrice Ordeix, Pitobash Tripathy, Meena Mir, Suresh Acharya, Bishwajit Bal, Rajat Bhalla, Garima Bharadwaj, Sanjay Chauhan, S.D Chouhan. The plot of this movie is based on a story of a poor boy who took inspiration from our former president of India A.P.J Abdul Kalam, change his name to kalam and ports a dream of meeting his visionary.

3.Dasvidaniya

2008 released movie, directed by Shashant shah, a based on a single man(played by Vinya Pathak), living with his mother loves making to-do lists start to fulfill his long bucket list after he gets know he got 3 months to survive as he is suffering from stomach cancer.

4.That girl in yellow boots.

An Indian thriller film directed by Anurag Kashyap, with the leading role played by Kalki Koechlin and Naseecharuddin Shah, the story of problems faced by a British woman who came to India after her sister committed suicide in search of his father, as she barely remembers his father but has a letter written by him.

5.Genesis

A 1986 Indian film directed by Mrinal Sen, starring Om puri, Shabana Azmi, and Naseeruddin Shah, and M.K. Raina, based on the story of a farmer and weaver exchanging their products for goods and how It makes a turning point for their lives when there is the arrival of a woman and a trader.

Causes of Child Labour

The leading causes of Child Labour in India are social inequality, lack of education, and poverty. According to UNICEF’s report, children from the impoverished and rural parts of the world have no available alternatives such as teachers and schools.

Many rural communities lack adequate school facilities and the availability of schools. The low paying economy blooms with low cost, easy to hire, and child Labour. Besides the unorganized Agricultural sector, child Labour exists in unorganized assembly, unorganized retail works, and unorganized trade sectors

Other factors of child Labour include the size of the informal economy, the inability of most Indian industries to scale up, lack of modern technologies, and the structure and inflexibility of the Indian market.

Bonded child Labour

Children are employed due to social obligation, or loans and debts made by the families. Usually, children are forced to employ their families in brick kilns, stone and quarries, and agricultural sectors.

The children of the migrant workers and those that belong to the marginalized sections and Dalits in the society are pledged to work in small production houses and factories in the urban areas. Child Labourers on the bond are usually subjected to physical, emotional, mental, and sexual abuse, even leading to death.

In Orissa, the people of the lower section of the society sell their daughters belonging to eight to 10 years of age, as maidservants to the clear their debts.

Lack of implementation of Laws

The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986, was the only enacted provision by the Indian Constitution against child Labour and its atrocities. Other provisions stated by the Indian Constitution are:

• Article 24 of the Indian Constitution states that no child below the age of fourteen shall employ in any hazardous employment or factory but not in non-hazardous industries.
• Article 39(f)) of the Indian Constitution states that children and young adults are to be protected against moral and material abandonment or any forms of exploitation.

Various other Laws and the Indian Penal Code, such as The Factories Act,1948, The Mines Act,1952, the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection) of Children Act-2000, and the Child Labour (Prohibition and Abolition) Act-1986 seek to prevent the practice of child Labour in India.

Unfortunately, these laws and regulations lack active and proper implementation and enforcement.

The widespread problem of Child Labour:

Child Labour is quite relevant in India due to poor schooling opportunities and the country’s high poverty rate. Child Labour is relevant in both rural as well as urban regions of the country.

As per the 2011 census report, the total population of the age group between 5-14 years is 259.6 million in India. Almost 3.9 percent of the total child population that is 10.1 million children in the country work either as the primary worker or as a marginal worker.

Reports state that almost 40 percent of child Labour occurs in the field of precious stone cutting. Child Labour exists in industries such as zari and embroidery, mining, dhabas, restaurants, tea stalls, and even at homes as domestic Labour.

The civil authorities and organizations need to work in unison to free child Labour under extreme conditions.