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Cloud computing is that the on-demand availableness of automatic data processing system resources, particularly knowledge storage and computing power, while not direct active management by the user. The term is usually wont to describe knowledge centers offered to several users over the web.

How will cloud computing work?

Rather than owning their own computing infrastructure or knowledge centers, firms will rent access to something from applications to storage from a cloud service supplier.

One good thing about victimisation cloud computing services is that corporations will avoid the direct value and complexness of owning and maintaining their own IT infrastructure, and instead merely buy what they use, after they use it.

In turn, suppliers of cloud computing services will have the benefit of vital economies of scale by delivering an equivalent services to a large vary of shoppers.

What square measure samples of cloud computing?

Cloud computing underpins a massive variety of services. that has client services like Gmail or the cloud back-up of the photos on your smartphone, tho’ to the services which permit giant enterprises to host all their knowledge and run all of their applications within the cloud. Netflix depends on cloud computing services to run its its video streaming service and its different business systems too, and have variety of different organisations.

How does one build a business case for cloud computing?

To build a business case for moving systems to the cloud you initially ought to perceive what your existing infrastructure truly prices. there is a ton to issue in: obvious things just like the value of running an information centers, and extras like hired lines. the value of physical hardware — servers and details of specifications like CPUs, cores and RAM, and the value of storage. you will additionally ought to calculate the value of applications — whether or not you propose to dump them, re-hosting them within the cloud unchanged, fully reconstruction them for the cloud or shopping for a completely new SaaS package every possibility can have totally different value implications. The cloud business case additionally has to embrace folks prices (often second solely to the infrastructure costs) and a lot of nebulous ideas just like the good thing about having the ability to supply new services quicker. Any cloud business case ought to additionally think about the potential downsides, as well as the danger of being fastened into one marketer for your technical school infrastructure.

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In March 1755 Mahfuzkhan (brother of Nawab of Arcot)was sent with a contingent of the company army under colonel Heron to Tirunelveli.Madurai easily fell into their hands.Thereafter colonel Heron was urged to deal with puli Thevar as he continued to defty the authority of the company.Puli Thevar wielded much influence over the western palayakkarars.For want of cannon and of supplies and pay to soldiers,colonel Heron abandoned the plan and retired to Madurai.Heron was recalled and dismissed from service.

Confederacy and Alliance with enemies of the British

Three pathan officers ,Nawab chanda sahib’s agents, named Miannah ,Mudimiah and Nabikhan Kattak commanded the Madurai and Tirunelveli regions.They supported the Tamil palayakkarars aganist Arcot Nawab Mohamed Ali.Puli Thevar had established close relationships with them.Puli Thevar also formed a confederacy of the palayakkarars to fight the British.With the exception of the palayakkarars of sivagiri,all other Maravar palayams supported him.Ettayapuram and panchalamkurichi also did not join this confederacy.Further ,the English succeeded in getting the support of the rajas of Ramanathapuram and pudukottai.Puli Thevar tried to get the support of Hyder Ali of Mysore and the French .Hyder Ali could not help Puli Thevar as he was already locked in a serious conflict with the Marathas.

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Kalakadu Battle

The Nawab sent an additional contingent of sepoys to Mahfuzkhan and the reinforced army proceeded to Tirunelveli.Besides the 1000 sepoys of the company,Mahfuzkhan received 600 more sent by the Nawab.He also had the support of cavalry and foot soldiers from the Carnatic.Before Mahfuzkhan could station his troops near kalakadu ,2000 soldiers from Travancore joined the forces of Puli Thevar .In the battle at kalakadu ,Mahfuzkhan’s troops were routed.

Yusuf Khan and puli thevar

The organized resistance of the palayakkarars under puli Thevar gave an opportunity to the English to interfere directly in the affairs of Tirunelveli .Aided by the Raja of Travancore,From 1756 to 1763,the palayakkarars of Tirunelveli led by Puli Thevar were in constant state of rebellion against the Nawab’s authority.Yusuf Khan (also known as Khan sahib or, before his conversion to Islam,Marudhanayagam)who had been sent by the company was not prepared to attack Puli Thevar unless the big guns and ammunition from Thiruchirappalli arrived.As the English were at war with the French,as well as with Hyder Ali and Marathas ,the artillery arrived only in September 1760 .Yusuf Khan began to batter the Nerkattumseval fort and this attack continued for about two months .On 16 May 1761 Puli Thevar’s three major forts (Nerkattumseval,Vasudevanallur and Panayur) came under the control of Yusuf Khan.

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In the meantime, after taking pondicherry the English had eliminated the French from the picture.As a result of this the unity of palayakkarars began to break up as French support was not forthcoming.Travancore ,seithur,uthumalai and surandai switched thier loyalty to the opposite camp.Yusuf Khan who was negotiating with the palayakkarars, without informing the company administration,was charged with treachery and hanged in 1764.

Fall of puli Thevar

After the death of Khan sahib ,Puli Thevar returned from exile and recaptured Nerkattumseval in 1764.However ,he was detected by Captain Campbell in 1767.Puli Thevar escaped and died in exile.

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⭐Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (xhosa pronunciation :[xo’li??A mande?la]; born 18 July 1918) is a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and politician who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to1999. He was the first black south African to hold the office ,and the first elected in fully representative,multiracial election. His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid through tackling institutionalisef racism, poverty and inequality ,and fostering racial reconciliation. Politically in African nationalist and democratic socialist,he served as the President of the African National Congress (ANC) from 1991 to 1997 . Internationally, Mandela was the secretary General of the Non-Aligned Movement from 1998 – 1999.

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⭐A xhosa born to the Thembu Royal family, Mandela attended Fort Hare University and the University of witwatersrand,where he studied law. Living in Johannesburg,he became involved in anti-colonical politics, joining the ANC and becoming a founding member of its Youth League.

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⭐In 1962 he was arrested, convicted of sabotage and conspiracy to overthrow the government,and sentenced to life imprisonment in the Rivonia Trail. Mandela served 27 years in prison.

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⭐Becoming ANC President,Mandela published his autobiography and led negotiations with President F.W. de Klerk to abolish apartheid and establish multi-racial elections in 1994 ,in which he led the AMC to victory. He was elected President and formed a Government of National Unity. As President,he established a new Constitution and initiated the Truth and Reconciliation commission to investigate past human rights abuses, while Introducing policies to encourage land reform, combat poverty and expand healthcare services.

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⭐Controversial for much of his life, right-wing critics denounced Mandela as terrorist and communist sympathiser . He has nevertheless received international aaclaim for his anti-colonical and anti-apartheid stance, having received over250 awards, including the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize,the US Presidential medal of Freedom and the Soviot Order of Lenin. He is held in deeo respect within South Africa, and has been described as "the father of Nation." He is often referred to by his Xhosa clan name of Madiba.

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⭐But the late 1960s, Mandela's fame had been eclipsed by Steve Biko and the Black Consciousness Movement. (BCM).

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⭐He was awarded an honorary decorate in Lesotho ,the Nehru prize for international Understanding in India in 1970, and the Freedom of the city of Glasgow, Scotland in 1980 . In March 1980 the slogan “Free Mandela” was Developed by journalist Percy Qoboza, sparking an international campaign that led the UN Security Council to call his release . Presidency of South Africa: 1994-1999.

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⭐South Africa's first black President , Mandela became head of a Government of National Unity dominanted by the ANC-which alone had no experience of governance - but containing representatives from the National Party and Inkatha. In keeping with earlier agreement ,de Klerk became first Deputy President, while Than Mbeki was selected as second.

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⭐In December 1994, Mandela's autobiography, Long walk to Freedom ,was finally published. Across the world , Mandela cane to be seen as "a moral authority" with a great " concern for truth". Considered friendly and welcoming , Madela exhibited a " relaxed charm" when talking to others, including his opponents. Although often befriending millionaires and dignitaries,he enjoyed talking with their staff when t official functions. In later life,he was known for looking him too trusting of with their staff when at official functions. In later life,he was known for looking him too trusting of others. He was renowned for his stubbornness and loyalty,and exhibited a " hot temper" which could flare up in anger in certain situations,also being "moody and dejected" away from the public eye. He also had a mischievous sense of humour.

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⭐Within South Africa, Mandela is widely considered to be “the father of the Nation”, and “the founding father of democracy”, being seen as ” the national liberator,the saviour ,it’s Washington and Lincoln rolled into one”. In 2004, Johannesburg granted Mandela the freedom of the city, with sandton square being renamed Nelson Mandela square, after a Mandela statue was installed there. In 2008, another Mandela statue was inveiled at Groot Drakenstein Correctional Center, formerly Victor Verster Prison, near Cape Town , standing on the spot where Mandela was released from the prison.

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⭐He has also received international aaclaim. In 1993, he received the joint Nobel Peace Prize with de Klerk. In November 2009, the united Nations General Assembly proclaimed Mandela's birthday, 18 July,as "Mandela Day", marking his contribution to the anti-apartheid struggle. It called on individuals to denote 67 minutes to doing something for others,commemorating the 67 years the Mandela had been a part of the movement.

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⭐Awarded the US Presidential Medal of Freedom,and the order of canada, he was the first living person to be made an honorary Canadian citizen. The last reciprocate of the Soviot Union's Lenin Peace Prize from the Soviot Union,in 1990 he received the Bharat Ratna Award from the government of India, and in 1992 received Pakistan's Nishan-e-Pskitan . In 1992 he was awarded the Ataturk Peace Award by Turkey. He refused the award, citing human rights violations committed by the Turkey at the time, but later accepted the award in 1999. Elizabeth 2 nd awarded him the Bailiff Grand Cross of the Order of St.John and the order of Merit.

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When lesbian, gay, promiscuous, and transsexual (LGBT) people are an undeniably open, recognized, and obvious piece of society, clinicians and scientists are confronted with fragmented data about the wellbeing status of this network. Albeit a humble assemblage of information on LGBT wellbeing has been created in the course of the most recent twenty years, much remaining parts to be investigated. What is presently thought about LGBT wellbeing? Where do holes in the examination around there exist? What are the needs for an examination plan to address these holes? This report plans to address these inquiries.

The expression “lesbian, gay, androgynous, and transsexual network” (or “LGBT people group”) alludes to an expansive alliance of gatherings that are different regarding sex, sexual direction, race/identity, and financial status. Subsequently while this report centers around the network that is exemplified by the abbreviation LGBT, the board wishes to feature the significance of perceiving that the different populaces spoke to by “L,” “G,” “B,” and “T” are unmistakable gatherings, each with its own unique wellbeing related concerns and needs. The panel trusts it is basic to stress these distinctions at the beginning of this report in light of the fact that in some contemporary logical talk, and in the mainstream media, these gatherings are regularly treated as a solitary populace under umbrella terms, for example, LGBT. Simultaneously, as talked about further beneath, these gatherings share numerous encounters practically speaking, key among them being the experience of criticism.

Rather than lesbians, gay men, and swinger people, transsexual individuals are characterized by their sex personality and introduction. This gathering includes people whose sexual orientation personality contrasts from the sex initially doled out to them upon entering the world or whose sex articulation shifts altogether based on what is generally connected with or run of the mill for that sex (i.e., individuals recognized as male upon entering the world who along these lines distinguish as female, and individuals recognized as female upon entering the world who later recognize as male), just as others who change from or reject conventional social conceptualizations of sex regarding the male–female division. The transsexual populace is different in sex personality, articulation, and sexual direction. Some transsexual people have gone through clinical mediations to adjust their sexual life structures and physiology, others wish to have such methodology later on, and still others don’t. Transsexual individuals can be hetero, gay, or androgynous in their sexual direction. A few lesbians, gay men, and bisexuals are transsexual; most are definitely not. Male-to-female transsexual individuals are known as MtF, transsexual females, or transwomen, while female-to-male transsexual individuals are known as FtM, transsexual guys, or transmen. Some transsexual individuals don’t find a way into both of these double classes. As one would expect, there are wellbeing contrasts among transsexual and nontransgender individuals, just as between transsexual females and transsexual guys.

Though “LGBT” is suitable and helpful for depicting the joined populaces of lesbian, gay, androgynous, and transsexual individuals, it additionally can darken the numerous distinctions that recognize these sexual-and sex minority gatherings. Joining lesbians and gay men under a solitary rubric, for instance, clouds sex contrasts in the encounters of gay individuals. Similarly, falling together the encounters of indiscriminate ladies and men will in general darken sex contrasts. Further, to the degree that lesbian, gay, and androgynous are perceived as character names, “LGB” leaves out individuals whose experience incorporates same-sex attractions or practices yet who don’t embrace a nonheterosexual personality. What’s more, the transsexual populace, which itself envelops numerous gatherings, has needs and worries that are unmistakable from those of lesbians, indiscriminate ladies and men, and gay men.

While recognizing that peer-evaluated diaries are the best quality level for the detailing of exploration results and bending over backward to counsel works distributed in significant examination diaries, the advisory group decided to remember for this investigation what it decided to be the best exact writing accessible: diary articles, book parts, observational reports, and other information sources that had been fundamentally audited by the board of trustees individuals. Perceiving that scholastic diaries contrast in their distribution standards and the thoroughness of their companion audit measure, the panel gave the best weight to papers distributed in the most legitimate diaries. Given that sections, scholastic books, and specialized reports normally are not exposed to a similar friend audit principles as diary articles, the advisory group gave the best assurance to such sources that announced examination utilizing thorough strategies, were wrote by settled scientists, and were commonly reliable with academic agreement on the present status of information.

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender. Over the previous decade, LGBT individuals have increased increasingly more resilience and acknowledgment in India, particularly in huge urban communities. In any case, most LGBT individuals in India remain closeted, dreading separation from their families, who may consider homosexuality to be dishonorable. Segregation is as yet present in rustic regions, where LGBT individuals frequently face dismissal from their families and constrained other gender relationships. Individuals in the LGBT people group are battling for equivalent rights and acknowledgment. Trans individuals, particularly, face a great deal of trouble in discovering acknowledgment. Individuals in the LGBT people group are peered downward on constantly. This is a significant issue since oppression the LGBT people group is profoundly predominant. Individuals’ biases lead them to believe that LGBT individuals are odd and totally different. Today, homosexuality and eccentric personalities might be satisfactory to more Indian adolescents than any time in recent memory however inside the limits of families, homes and schools, acknowledgment actually stays a steady battle for LGBT individuals. I have known about individuals exposing the unadulterated truth and announcing to their families that they are not the individual their family anticipated that them should be. Being L,G,B or T isn’t a ‘issue’, nor is it a ‘decision’ thusly. LGBT people are simply people who have sexual inclinations that contrast from what might seem, by all accounts, to be the ‘standard’, due to varying educated practices and, you know, having an individual point of view and outlook that varies from everybody else’s. Saying that it’s dispassionately off-base for individuals to have sexual inclinations that contrast from the standard is unbiasedly off-base itself. Article 15 of our Indian Constitution Article 15, 1949 15. Restriction of segregation on grounds of religion, race, station, Sex or spot of birth. On the off chance that ordinary people reserve the privilege to live in this general public with deference then why not an individual who has a place with LGBT can live in this general public with deference. It’s not about what our religion says it’s regarding what humankind says… If we talk about religion according to the Hindu viewpoints Lord Rama had given a shelter to hijras for their reliability that is the reason the revile or aid of hijras implies a great deal to the typical creatures.

Dealing of youngsters for work and sexual abuse disregards essential basic liberties and establishes a significant worldwide general medical issue. Pediatricians and other medical services experts may experience casualties who present with diseases, wounds, posttraumatic stress issue, suicidality, or an assortment of other physical or social ailments. Forestalling kid dealing, perceiving exploitation, and mediating fittingly require a general wellbeing approach that joins thorough exploration on the danger factors, wellbeing sway, and successful treatment alternatives for kid misuse just as usage and assessment of essential anticipation programs. Medical services experts need preparing to perceive potential indications of abuse and to mediate suitably. They have to receive a multidisciplinary, outward-engaged way to deal with administration arrangement, working with nonmedical experts in the network to help casualties. Pediatricians likewise need to advocate for enactment and strategies that advance youngster rights and casualty benefits just as those that address the social determinants of wellbeing, which impact the weakness to illegal exploitation. This arrangement proclamation plots significant issues with respect to public strategy, clinical training, examination, and coordinated effort in the territory of youngster work and sex dealing and gives suggestions to future work.

Youngster misuse is the physical or mental injury of a kid by any parent or other individual who has perpetual or brief consideration or care or obligation regarding oversight of a kid, or by any family unit or relative, under conditions that show that the kid’s wellbeing or government assistance is hurt or at generous danger of being hurt; or sexual maltreatment of a kid, if actual wounds are supported. Disregard is the leaving of a youngster unattended or other inability to concentrate on a kid by any parent or other individual who has lasting or transitory consideration or guardianship or duty regarding management of the kid under conditions that show: that the kid’s wellbeing or government assistance is hurt or set at generous danger of damage; or mental injury to the kid or a significant danger of mental injury. Disregard incorporates physical, instructive, clinical, and mental/passionate disregard.

Kid dealing is a significant issue that is pervasive particularly in India. As indicated by a report distributed by the U.S. Branch of State, “India is a source, objective and travel nation for men, ladies and youngsters exposed to constrained work and sex dealing… most of India’s dealing issue is interior, and those from the most burdened social layers least rank Dalits, individuals from ancestral networks, strict minorities and ladies and young ladies from barred gatherings – are generally defenseless .” The 2012 Global Report on Trafficking in Persons delivered by United Nations Office on Drug and Crime (UNODC) has uncovered that 27 percent of all casualties of illegal exploitation formally identified internationally between year 2007 and 2010 are youngsters. Youngster dealing either occurs for sex exchange or for kid work. Another enormous territory of concern is the sex slanting among missing kids, as the MHA information uncovers. More than 2010-2014, out of the 3.85 lakh youngsters who disappeared the nation over, 61% were young ladies. For instance, the quantity of missing young ladies in the territory of Andhra Pradesh remains at a stunning 11,625 as against 6,915 missing young men (The Times of India). These young ladies are regularly constrained into prostitution and asking rackets and are bound for an existence of youngster misuse and abuse.

It is the offspring of poor people and underestimated networks who are regularly dealt to be constrained in the process of childbirth. Guardians of these youngsters are either deceived or attracted because of their poor financial conditions hence driving them to ‘send’ or ‘sell’ their kids for better business choices. The absence of mindfulness is a circumstance that dealers abuse particularly with regards to uninformed helpless living in ghettos and other in reverse districts in the nation. Dealers guarantee day by day wages to guardians of little youngsters and transport them to huge urban communities where they are frequently treated as products. Families in critical monetary conditions are regularly drawn closer by dealers with a proposal to purchase their youngsters and with no other getaway from their pathetic conditions, guardians consent.

In India, there is an incredible requirement for combination and execution of exhaustive youngster assurance systems. The Indian kids are presented to numerous weaknesses. With a great many kids actually working in block furnaces, building destinations, and agrarian land, dealing for constrained youngster work is generally pervasive. Aside from this, horrendous stories arise day by day of young ladies as youthful as 9 years of age being constrained into the sex exchange. Aside from this youngsters are additionally sold by their folks to work in plant and ventures that are exceptionally risky with harmful conditions. The seriousness of the issue requests that the endeavors of the public authority be enhanced by open mindfulness. Youngster assurance is one of the needs for CRY. While the program centers around counteraction of issues like kid dealing with the mediation zones, it likewise manages the parts of ‘salvage’, ‘reclamation’ and ‘recovery’ of the dealt casualties.

Youngster dealing is a forceful type of savagery against kids and a developing worldwide general medical issue. Medical care suppliers assume an essential part in battling current servitude and dealing by upholding for sound, supporting childhoods (weakness decrease), acknowledgment of kid casualties when they present to medical services and the arrangement of injury educated, survivor-educated, ideal medical services and defending reactions. The wellbeing effects of kid present day bondage and dealing are various and compounding, especially serious because of the effect of mental and actual viciousness on the creating cerebrum and body. There is a basic requirement for additional instruction, backing, exploration and wellbeing aptitude with respect to youngster pre trafficking weaknesses, casualty acknowledgment, compelling intercessions and recuperation pathways. The pathways from youth to execution of dealing and misuse additionally require critical examination.

A disaster is an event which causes physical damage to property,huge loss of life and drastic change in the environment.The economic,social and cultural life of the people is affected and they need external help for food,shelter, medicine, financial and social support to overcome the disaster.Disaster is classified according to the origin as natural and man made disaster.

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Natural disasters: Earthquake,landslides,tsunami,volcano, Avalanches,flood, Extreme temperatures,drought,wild fires,cyclones,storms,surges and waves.

Man made disaster:

Industrial accidents, pollution,acid rain,road accidents,leakage of toxic waste and war.

NATURAL DISASTERS

⭐ Earthquake:An earthquake is a sudden vibration or shake of the Earth’s crust.It is caused by the circulation of the convection cells and the plate movements.An earth quake may cause the landslide, avalanche,fire,soil liquefaction and tsunami.

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Changes in the shape of the Earth’s surface,loss of life and property are some of the effects of earth quake.

⭐ Landslides: Landslides occur when ground on slopes becomes unstable. The unstable ground collapses and flows down the side of a hill or mountain, and can consist of earth, rocks, mud and any debris which may be caught in its wake. If a landslide occurs near inhabited areas, it can cause a great deal of damage.

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Slides can cause disastrous flooding, particularly when landslide dams across streams are breached, and flooding may trigger slides.

⭐Tsunami:An extremely large wave in the sea caused by the earth quake occuring under the ocean floor.Apart from huge loss of life and property the environmental impact of tsunami is tremendous.It affects the quality of fresh water in the coastal acquirers.The salt is deposited on the table land by sea water and it takes long time to restore the quality of soil.

Tsunami can travel as fast as 500 miles per hour, without being noticed and can cross the entire ocean is lass than a day.

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⭐Volcano:Volcanic gases that pose the greatest potential hazards are sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen fluoride. Locally, sulfur dioxide gas can lead to acid rain and air pollution downwind from a volcano. These gases can come from lava flows as well as a volcano that erupts violently.

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⭐ Avalanches:An avalanche is a natural disaster that occurs when snow rapidly flows down a mountain. During an avalanche a combination of snow and ice is formed. The avalanche begins when the snowpack is unstable and breaks off along a mountain slope.

Human activity, vibration or movement,steep slopes,warm temperature are some of the causes of Avalanches.

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⭐Flood:Sudden overflow of large amount of water caused by heavy rainfall, cyclones, melting of ice,tsunami,etc.,is called as flood.Low lying flood plains, coastal plains and river confluences are prone to flood.

Loss of life and property, displacement of people,spread of contagious diseases such as cholera,malaria,etc,.are some of the effects of flood.

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⭐ Extreme temperatures:Illnesses caused by exposure to high temperatures include heat cramps, fainting, heat exhaustion, heatstroke, and death. Population at increased risk especially older and younger people, risk of dehydration, low fitness/excessive exertion, etc. Another reason of death during heat wave is because of living alone.

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⭐ Drought:Long period of rainless weather condition is termed as drought.The severity of the drought depends upon the degree of moisture deficiency,the duration,and the size and location of the affected area.

Techniques of conversation of water like sprinkle irrigation,fertigation,pot hole irrigation, precise farming,and selection of suitable variety of crop that can with stand draught are some of the remedies that may reduce the impact of drought when it is possible to predict drought.

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⭐Wild fires:Forest wild fires are a major disaster all over the world.The environmental impact of forest fire includes emission of large amount of carbon dioxide leading to global warming,loss of bio diversity, affecting hydrological cycle,reducing photo synthetic activity,and health hazards.

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⭐ Cyclones:Areas of low pressure sorrounded by high pressure is called as cyclone.It is anticlockwise in northern hemisphere and clockwise in southern hemisphere.The centre of the cyclone called the eye of the storm is calm and clear without clouds.The condensation of vapour releases more latent heat and that gives the energy for the Cyclones to enhance further evaporation and formation of clouds.

Cyclones are associated with strong squall, torrential rain, flood and storm surge.

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MAN-MADE DISASTERS

⭐ Industrial accidents:These disasters result from accidents, failures,mishap or misuse of some kind of technology.The storage and transportation of various hazardous materials used in industries may result in industrial hazard accidents.

Chemical industries faces multiple risks involved with its production, transportation,storage,usage and disposal of the effluents containing residual chemicals.

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⭐ Pollution: Pollution is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment. … These harmful materials are called pollutants. Pollutants can be natural, such as volcanic ash. They can also be created by human activity, such as trash or runoff produced by factories. Pollutants damage the quality of air, water, and land.

The Burning of Fossil Fuels, industrial emission, indoor air pollution, transportation,open burning of garbage waste are some of the causes for pollution.

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⭐ Acid rain:Acid rain , or acid deposition, is a broad term that includes any form of precipitation with acidic components, such as sulfuric or nitric acid that fall to the ground from the atmosphere in wet or dry forms. This can include rain, snow, fog, hail or even dust that is acidic.

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⭐Road accidents:large number of railroad accidents, including collisions and derailments, happen in India; many get injured, and some people even die in these accidents.

The more severe physical injuries associated with a car accident commonly include brain and head trauma such as a traumatic brain injury , neck injuries such as whiplash, neck strains, or disk damage, and back or spine injuries such as sprains, strains, fractures, or disk injuries.

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⭐ Leakage of toxic waste:Toxic wastes often contain carcinogens, and exposure to these by some route, such as leakage or evaporation from the storage, causes cancer to appear at increased frequency in exposed individuals.

⭐War:Disasters are also caused by sociopolitical conflicts that escalate into violence. War is defined as a conflict between to large groups of population, which involves physical force, violence and the use of weapons.

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There is approximately a population of 700+ Crore. Which means there are 700+ approx. individuals in this world ‘considered separately rather than as part of a group’ is the meaning of individual according to google search. Which means every person or individual is one rather than being the part of a group. Which brings up to the point that every person has a different point of view, every induvial has a different lifestyle and various aspects in their individual life’s.

You cannot let your point of view decide someone else’s opinion: -There always comes a moment in all our life that we feel anxious, unstable, and much more insecurities in life because of many things happening around us. Sometimes someone says something which let us to think upon us not to reflect ourselves, but they do so to bring us down in our life, when we are not in our stable point of life and if someone’s points out something or says something bad to us which brings us down and may reduce our confident. I know it is difficult to say but try to avoid such useless comments from such more useless peoples.

Here are some ways which I follow to avoid such chois in my mind and in my inner piece: –

• Try reding books, if you are first to reading books try with a shorted and a book which is under your favorite genres once if you will like it you try to read more books of every genre sometimes romantic, comedy, suspense, inspiring and more.
• Silence is the best, when these useless people say or passes yourself comments to you try to stay calm in that situation. While being silence the moment, you will try to think and find results for such a chouse in a positive way and react to it positively.

These are my two best and always helpful techniques to let myself calm and happy at the moments when it is difficult for others to do so.

Do what you think is good for you not what others thing what is good for you. There is always a moment in our life’s where we start to think like weather all the discission we took which are now in our life. Are we happy with the decision we took back, is there any regret? Well, the answer to this in NO there are always some decisions which we took are not as food as we thought is going to be good to us. So, at a moment when you got what you wanted you are happy for a moment, but these are not very long moment after some time you will fall into a deep thought you will regret but try not to be in that moment of regret for a longer period.

After all this going through try taking your decision not because of you emotions but keep aside all you emotions think wisely so that you will not take decision because of some useless persons comment avoid it and go forward towards your direction of your dreams.

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What is ozone?

The ozone layer is the part of the Earth’s atmosphere which contains relatively high concentrations of ozone gas, which is an inorganic molecule with the chemical formula O3.In the stratosphere,ozone blocks out the sun’s ultraviolet Ray’s and is a life saver.

The ozone layer in the stratosphere absorbs a portion of the radiation from the sun,preventing it from reaching the planet’s surface.Most importantly,it absorbs the portion of UV light called UVB.It has been linked to many harmful effects like skin cancers,cataracts,and harm to some crops and marine life.

Ozone as a natural sun block

The ozone layer is like the Earth’s sunscreen,as it absorbs some of the sun’s radiation hitting our place. Without the ozone, radiation from the sun would reach earth directly,damaging DNA of many plants,animals and even human beings.Skin cancerrates would be on the rise .

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The electromagnetic radiation emitted from the sun includes ultraviolet radiation,which is potentially harmful to most living things since it can damage DNA.The ozone layer screens out the sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation.Even 1 percent reduction in the amount of ozone in the upper stratosphere causes a measurable increase in the ultraviolet radiation thet reaches the earth surface.If there was no ozone at all,the amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching us would be very high.All living things would suffer radiation burns,unless they were underground or in the sea.

In the stratosphere,small amount of ozone are constantly being made by the action of sunlight on oxygen.At the same time,ozone is being broken down by natural processes.The total amount of ozone usually stays constant because it’s formation and destruction occur at about the same rate.But human activity has recently changed the natural balance.

When chlorine and bromine atoms come into contact with ozone in the stratosphere, they destroy ozone molecules. One chlorine atom can destroy over 100,000 ozone molecules before it is removed from the stratosphere. Ozone can be destroyed more quickly than it is naturally created.Some manufactured substances such as chlorofluorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbons can destroy stratosphere ozone much faster than it is formed.

Ozone hole

Ozone layer depletion is the thinning of the ozone layer present in the upper atmosphere. The loss of ozone was first detected in the stratosphere over the Antarctic.Tye part of the atmosphere where ozone is most depleted is referred as ozone hole.But it is not a real hole just a vast region of the upper atmosphere where there is less ozone than elsewhere.

Ozone poor air can spread out from the polar regions and move above other areas.

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Reasons for the ozone hole in Antarctica

The ozone hole formed over Antarctica is due to compounds of chlorine and bromine formed in the atmosphere.Most of the chlorine and half of the bromine in the stratosphere comes from human activities.The chlorofluorocarbons released due to human activities get transported up into the upper stratosphere.

The most common ozone depleting substances are chlorofluorocarbons or freon gases, certain bromine compounds, nitrogen oxides and methyl bromide.These are released from air conditioners,freezers,foam insulations,aerosol products, industrial solvents,fire extinguishers and pesticides.

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Effect of Ozone depletions

If the ozone is more depleted more ultraviolet radiation will reach the Earth’s surface.

Effect on plants:Will affect crop yield and forest productivity.

Effect on animals:Will cause damage to fish larvae and other small animals.

Effect on human health:It results in non-melanoma skin cancer and melanoma, acute erythemia,occur abnormalities, cataract and poor immune responses.

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How can we prevent depletion of ozone?

⭐Avoid the consumption of gases dangerous to the ozone layer, due to their content or manufacturing process.

⭐Serving of refrigerators and air conditioners Should be regulated and minimize the use of cars.

⭐ Production,use and emission of ozone depleting chemicals should be controlled.

⭐ Refrigerators should be recaptured and used.

⭐Adopt protein measures from sun’s radiation.

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