INDIA AND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0 Part-1

The industrial revolution is the advancement in manufacturing processes. The industrial revolution began in Europe in the 17th century. It was the first Industrial Revolution.  With the advancements in machines and manufacturing processes, Industrial revolution 2, 3 and 4 came into existence.

Industrial Revolution 2.0 started just after the first industrial revolution. It was also coined as Technological Revolution. The area of influence of the Industrial Revolution 2.0 was mainly Britain, America and parts of Germany.

The third industrial revolution began with the era of computers. With the widespread use of computers, and the capability to do superhuman things, Industrial revolution 3.0 started. Industrial revolution 3.0 stated the use of programming logic controllers. It also laid foundations for Industrial revolution 4.0.

The industrial revolution, also coined as “smart factory”, is the dependency of machines and smart reality at the more ease and comfort with more increase in production. In essence, industry 4.0 is the trend towards automation and data exchange in manufacturing technologies and processes which include cyber-physical systems (CPS), the internet of things (IoT), industrial internet of things, cloud computing, cognitive computing and artificial intelligence.

Industrial Revolution 4.0 consists of different aspects viz.

1.Internet of Things

2.Smart Sensors

3.Advanced robotics

4.Big Data Analytics

5.3D Printing

6.Augmented reality

7.Cloud computing

8.Location Detection

1.Internet of Things

The ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction is known as the Internet of Things.

In simple language, when things communicate with each other over a common network, it is known as the Internet of things. In the consumer market, IoT is synonymous with home automation, home security and systems that can be controlled with devices related to that ecosystem like smartphones.

2. Smart sensors

Smart sensors are a major part of the Internet of Things. They are equipped with a digital interface, and they perform self-diagnosis by monitoring internal defects for evidence of faults.

The most important feature of a smart sensor is the ability to communicate, which can be done by displaying the data directly to the user and transfer it over a wired interface wirelessly.

3.Advanced robotics

Advanced robotics is the use of sensors that allow a robot to interact with the real world. The concept of creating machines that can operate autonomously dates back to classical times, but research into the functionality and potential uses of robots did not grow substantially until the 20th century. Throughout history, it has been frequently assumed by various scholars, inventors, engineers, and technicians that robots will one day be able to mimic human behaviour and manage tasks in a human-like fashion. Today, robotics is a rapidly growing field, as technological advances continue; researching, designing, and building new robots serve various practical purposes, whether domestically, commercially, or militarily.

4. Big Data Analytics

Big Data analytics is the process of collecting, organizing and analyzing large sets of data (called Big Data) to discover patterns and other useful information. Big Data analytics can help organizations to better understand the information contained within the data and will also help identify the data that is most important to the business and future business decisions.

5. 3D Printing

3D printing covers a variety of processes in which material is joined or solidified under computer control to create a three-dimensional object, with the material being added together (such as liquid molecules or powder grains being fused), typically layer by layer.

6.Augmented reality

Augmented reality (AR) is one of the biggest technology trends right now, and it’s only going to get bigger as AR ready smartphones and other devices become more accessible around the world. AR let us see the real-life environment right in front of us. Perhaps the most famous example of AR technology is the mobile app Pokemon Go, which was released in 2016 and quickly became an inescapable sensation.

7.Cloud computing

In its most simple description, cloud computing is taking services (“cloud services”) and moving them outside an organization’s firewall. Applications, storage and other services are accessed via the Web. The services are delivered and used over the Internet and are paid for by the cloud customer on an as-needed or pay-per-use business model.

8.Location Detection

Several technologies can provide real-time information about the location of devices, and hence the location of users of the devices. The types of devices that can be located include mobile telephones, laptop computers, personal digital assistants and gaming consoles. There are many location detection technologies, such as the global positioning system (GPS)

Read more about India and Industrial Revolution in next part, INDIA AND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0 Part-2.

RACISM IN THE FORM OF COLORISM

Our country has a history of being ruled by the whites, i.e. the Portuguese, the Dutch and French traders, the Mughals, the British. They were relatively fairer than the rest of the Indian population. This succession by the white people left behind the desperate desire of looking fair. Indians felt that only the light skin people can attain power, dignity and respect as they were the master race. The racial prejudice in our country has taken the form of colorism. The basic definition of colorism means that differentiating or classification of a person from another on the basis of the skin tone or complexion. Discrimination against the members of the same race due to their dark skin complexion is called colorism. The black people are generally considered of a lower status and they are included in the lowest strata of the society while the fair is considered the noble and intellectual. In our Indian society, the complexion of a person is given a lot of importance, fair people are believed to have positive impacts and the dark has negative impacts. This is how the stereotypical mindsets of the Indians work. The black is now hated upon, it is highly condemned by the people worldwide. 

Racism and colorism are very closely related to each other. People with a lighter skin tone were considered as a rich of an upper-caste while people with a dusky skin tone is considered as a poor of a lower caste. Due to the color discrimination, the black people face problems all over the world. It brings down their morale, enthusiasm, self-efficiency to a great extent. They fear the world outside, the voices of the black people go unheard. They do not receive the right amount of appreciation, instead they face constant hatred and are subjected to brutality. The black people face harassment be it in either a physical or virtual form on any online platform. They are bullied not only on the basis of their color, but also on the basis of the structure of their lips or any facial attribute. The black color is the least preferred color in the entire human race. They are denied access to educational institutions, workplace or employment services, social services etc. There is no system which would act as a protection shield against the brutal and the inhumane bullying. The crime rate against the black has evidently increased, but people choose to be silent about it. If the same crime had been done to a white, then the public and the law would have done their best to win justice.

The social media and the advertising agency contribute to a great extent in favoring the notion of colorism. It is well known that the people would prefer a lighter skin tone than a deeper one and they would try their level best to reduce the tone of their skin color using any artificial means. People tend to follow the social media, their role models and hence in a despair to look fair. There are numerous cosmetic brands and skin lightening industries which came up as a solution to their consumer’s needs. In 1975, the “Fair and Lovely” cream was launched by Hindustan Unilever. This brand added a lot to the theory of colorism. It had become an indispensable requirement in the life of the young girls. It denoted that the deep complexion was not acceptable by the society anymore and how the dark people prove to be a disappointment. Only the fair people could achieve success and lead a happy life. Such fairness cream commercials promote the concept that how fairness is the only means of achieving success, dignity, honor and respect. Such products created an obstacle in the society by differentiating people on their skin tone. There was no actual appreciation of the natural beauty and color anymore. It led to the formation of biasness on the preference on the skin tone and color. Colorism really brings down the level of self-esteem and confidence in life of the people which in turn creates a confined status. 

HEALTH AND FITNESS

An old saying “Health is wealth ” . It’s known that more we respect our body, more in return it will do for us “. One should always prioritize his health above everything .The word health indicates that state of body being free from any kind of illness .Being healthy and fit means taking good care of the body. We all knew that healthy mind resides only in a healthy body. Being healthy give us feeling of goodness throughout the day. Body start releasing happy hormones like dopamine and the individual start working actively .Our fitness and health depends physical environment , the quality of food we eat and the people we interact with . Thus , health and fitness doesn’t mean maintaining only physical health but it also includes being healthy mentally and socially too .Thus there are some of the ways through which we can build up both our physical and mental health . The very first thing where fitness starts is the food we eat. We should eat food rich in protein, vitamins, minerals, and carbohydrates. All these are the essential components of healthy diet . Carbohydrates are the souce of glucose that provides energy to the body .Vitamins boosting our immune system.Proteins are the building blocks of the body that helps in growth and maintainance of the body . Fats also provides us immediate energy .Taking a balanced diet keep both the body and mind strong and healthy . It include vegetables, fruits, and pulses in daily diet.The physical health can be achieved through regular exercise . As it helps in preventing body from serious problems like heart disease , diabetes, obesity . Atleast walking 10,000 steps per day 20 minutes of exercise would help us to keep away our body away from diseases .For mental health improvement , it is important to have positive thoughts to stay fit and healthy in order to stay happy and maintain the mental and emotional health and fitness . Thus , it’s a verified fact that our surroundings put a large effect on our minds and growth. Thus to keep our body healthy and fit we should be in touch with good people, take balanced diet , make our body physically fit through exercise and mentally fit through meditation and yoga . Thus , nothing is more precious than our healthy soul , so one must go easy with the body .

Causes of gender inequality

Over the years, the world has gotten closer to achieving gender equality. There is better representation of women in politics, more economic opportunities, and better healthcare in many places of the world. However, the World Economic Forum estimates it will take another century before true gender equality becomes a reality. What drives the gap between genders? Here are 10 causes of gender inequality:

#1. Uneven access to education
Around the world, women still have less access to education than men. ¼ of young women between 15-24 will not finish primary school. That group makes up 58% of the people not completing that basic education. Of all the illiterate people in the world, ⅔ are women. When girls are not educated on the same level as boys, it has a huge effect on their future and the kinds of opportunities they’ll get.

#2. Lack of employment equality
Only 6 countries in the world give women the same legal work rights as men. In fact, most economies give women only ¾ the rights of men. Studies show that if employment became a more even playing field, it has a positive domino effect on other areas prone to gender inequality.


#3. Job segregation
One of the causes for gender inequality within employment is the division of jobs. In most societies, there’s an inherent belief that men are simply better equipped to handle certain jobs. Most of the time, those are the jobs that pay the best. This discrimination results in lower income for women. Women also take on the primary responsibility for unpaid labor, so even as they participate in the paid workforce, they have extra work that never gets recognized financially.

#4. Lack of legal protections
According to research from the World Bank, over one billion women don’t have legal protection against domestic sexual violence or domestic economic violence. Both have a significant impact on women’s ability to thrive and live in freedom. In many countries, there’s also a lack of legal protections against harassment in the workplace, at school, and in public. These places become unsafe and without protection, women frequently have to make decisions that compromise and limit their goals.

#5. Lack of bodily autonomy
Many women around the world do not have authority over their own bodies or when they become parents. Accessing birth control is frequently very difficult. According to the World Health Organization, over 200 million women who don’t want to get pregnant are not using contraception. There are various reasons for this such as a lack of options, limited access, and cultural/religious opposition. On a global scale, about 40% of pregnancies are not planned and while 50% of them do end in abortion, 38% result in births. These mothers often become financially dependent on another person or the state, losing their freedom.

“The Funny boy” – A Homosexual Novel of searching identity

“For me, growing up, I felt like there was something fatally and tragically flawed in my nature and that it was my duty to try to avoid falling for that vice”.

– Shyam Selvadurai

Certainly, we all as a human, face some sort of battle within ourselves, might be towards our identity or maybe our existence. The worst crisis any human can face is the crisis within him/herself. It is one of the dangerous crises any person goes through, and this is what the author Shyam Selvadurai had gone in his own life which he portrayed in the novel “Funny Boy” through the main protagonist “Arjun” aka “Arjie”.

The Funny Boy – A Background :

The novel evidently sets in the early 1980’s at the consequent of Sri Lankan civil war, which showcase us the disputes and riots of Tamil – Sinhalese Historical enmity towards each other. The novel is divided into 6 chapters, in which every chapter has its own uniqueness which makes the novel more explicit.

The 1st chapter, “Pigs can’t fly”, begins with the Naïve life of the main character Arjie and his reminiscence of his childhood days, where he presents his own baffled thoughts of his own existence of, he being “Different” from other boys of his age. He was anxious and felt that his interests in playing with dolls and girls is a taboo for society whereas playing cricket will make him an ideal boy in the society.

“Life is full of stupid things and sometimes we just have to do them”, Arjie’s Amma says this to him when he refused to play with boys and instead, he likes to wear saree and play, “bride- bride” with his female cousins.

 This shows us how this chapter portray us that our society is prejudice towards the gender norms in which all of us are distributed. In one of the incidents when the relatives of Arjie saw him wearing a saree , made him a center of laughter and mocked him by saying him “ Funny”, through which the author tried to showcase us that the third Gender in our society is considered as unethical or as a clown which is irrelevant to the society, namely the title of the chapter “Pigs can’t fly’’, presents us how people in our society don’t accept the people who belongs to the third gender as according to them, pigs represents the people who are transgenders or gay like Arjie are breaking the norms of the culture.

“Any war, riots or a sense of violence happens within the human minds, and politically, language and cultures drift us apart sometimes to establish a war”, this quote is well explained in the second chapter “Radha Aunty”, where this chapter explains us how casteism becomes a hurdle, when people fall in love.

They say that “If two people love each other, the rest is unimportant.”

“No, it isn’t. Ultimately, you must live in the real world.

And without your family you are nothing.”

The Funny Boy

By this quote, the author explains us the tragic love story of Radha Aunty and Anil Uncle who wanted to get marry, but the enmity and disbelief in both the communities of Tamil and Sinhalese made them apart! Indeed, this tragedy is obvious to show us the situation of the Sri Lankan civil war and the rules in which people were abused to be in. Incidents of Radha Aunty where she was brutally attacked by 2 Sinhalese people show us how threatening Humans were demons for each other.

“See no evil, hear no evil”, is the chapter 3 where show us one more Tragic incident happened with “Daryl Uncle”, we can say that the novel has a theme of failed love relationships, casteism, hatred, war, and disputes, as this chapter encloses about the incident of how Daryl uncle died or rather got murdered. It portrays us how violent was the time in columbo when the Journalist like Daryl uncle was abused and murdered.

In chapter 4, “Small Choices”, we get to know about Arjie’s feelings for the male character Jegan, who came to work in Appa’s hotel. This is the chapter where Arjie started to know about his identity but hide from the outer world as it was against the norms, which Arjie felt his feelings for men is Immorality. This chapter also counts about Anti- Tamilians and how these community was making a life miserable for the innocent people of Columbo.

Often, we know who we are, what is our identity, but because of the taboo inflicted in the society, we escape from our originality and behave as how the society wants to picture us. This is what Arjie was doing to be a normal ideal boy, but somewhere he was an abnormal boy (according to him) because of his gay feelings for the character Shehan in chapter 5, “The Best School of All “show us. When Arjie fell in love with Shehan, his perception for life and his ideology of his identity changed when he met shehan and shehan removed all the perplexed thoughts floating in the minds of Arjie. Shehan made Arjie realized that “We should ultimately know who we are! We should not hide identity from ourselves”. This is what made Arjie realize that he should respect himself and his identity. This was the chapter where he was not afraid of who he was and his sexual desires for Shehan was totally legit. In this chapter, Arjie was proud to be himself as a gay and his love for Shehan was compatible.

In “Riot Journal: An Epilogue’’ is the last chapter where Arjie wrote a journal on the effects and incidents of riots and its impact how ruined his life and lost his parents. The books end in a dismal and with a sense of alienation of Arjie and the tragic feelings inculcated and made him hollow.

Funny Boy – A Novel to explore one’s own identity !

Still unending war a human faces within himself/ Herself when it is about recognizing one’s own identity. We Humans have a psychology of hiding our real personality infront of other humans which is basically due to the age old cliché ideology of “Acceptance in the society”, due to which people hide there real self.

As Humans, we live in society and communities in which we have an urge of desire that we need love, cherishment, respect and acceptance in return, thus when we don’t get it we realize we are different from others, which ultimately makes us feel that we are an outcast from our society. so, as a part of community we behave as the world wants us to behave.

Whereas, “The Funny Boy” is the best novel of all which provides you that particular kind of Catharsis if you not aware of yourself!

So, a personal recommendation to the Bibliophile out there , Go check this Book which is not only a homosexual novel, but a novel which is Heartening and will open your insights to understand your real self.

Another Scam in Bhadraloks’ State

In my service days whenever for official purposes visited across the state of West Bengal, I have observed in general people are polite in behaviour and amicable to the guests. Many will offer a cup of tea in an earthen pot in the offices or normal working place with ‘Rosogolla’ and ‘Nimki’ (Snacks salted item prepared with Maida). In Bankura district if one visits, although a lot of poverty can be seen in spite, people with smiling faces welcome the guests. And   during lunch along with dal, rice, normal curry and fish curry there will be one time called ‘alu-posto’ (potato with seed of a poppy plant). I always enjoy food in West Bengal. 

Anyway, this time observing pool violence (during election and post-election) has very much upset me as I have commonly heard people of West Bengal are known in general  as ‘Bhadralok’ (cultured gentleman). The violence has proved that many  ‘Bhadralok Babus’   can go at any level of violence i.e. killing, arson, assault etc. irrespective of any political party. And unfortunately women, children and aged persons were not spared during poll and post poll violence.   It is pertinent to mention that same time along with few other states assembly elections were held in Assam, a neighbouring state but not a single violence took place in Assam, so “Bhadralokbabus” of West Bengal should learn lesson from the people of Assam.

Then coming to scam we know there are different types of scams that took place in the state of ‘Bhadraloks’. Here are a few points about the scams.

a)      The Saradha Group financial scandal was a major financial scam and alleged political scandal caused by the collapse of a Ponzi scheme run by Saradha Group, a consortium of over 200 private companies that was believed to be running collective investment schemes popularly but imperfectly referred to as chit funds in Eastern India. It is evident from the different secondary sources that the Group collected between ₹200 and 300 billion (US$4–6 billion) from more than 1.7 million depositors before it collapsed in April 2013. The West Bengal Government (where the Saradha Group belongs and most of its investors reside) instituted an inquiry commission to investigate the collapse. The State Government also set up a fund of ₹5 billion (US$70 million) to ensure that low-income investors were not bankrupted. It is pertinent to mention that the scam has often been compared to the Sanchayita investment scam, a multi crore rupees scam that took place in West Bengal in the 1970s, complaints related to which led to the formation of the Prize Chits and Money Circulation Schemes (Banning) Act of 1978 (wikipedia.org/wiki/Saradha).

b)      Many Indians know about the Narada sting operation, which was a sting operation carried out by Mathew Samuel. The operation portrayed many of the politicians who are now associated with the present ruling party of West Bengal taking bribes (wikipedia.org/wiki/Narada_sting_operation).

c)      The Rose Valley financial scam or simply Rose Valley Chit Fund Scam (rocked West Bengal in 2013) was also a major financial scam caused by the collapse of a Ponzi scheme run by Rose Valley Group. According to the Enforcement Directorate (ED) around Rs 17,520 crore was reportedly raised from investors across India. The all India small depositors association mentioned  the amount at Rs 40,000 crore, even though few highlighted total collection was more than Rs 60,000 crore. The states affected by the scam were West Bengal, Assam, Bihar and Tripura (wikipedia.org/wiki/Rose_Valley_financial_scandal).

d)     The latest fraud is ‘fake vaccination’. One Debanjan Deb used to give NKacin 500 jabs instead of Covid vaccines and many many people were vaccinated across Kolkata. No one could even guess what has been happening. The CID, police and others could not detect anything as such camp was continuing for days together. A fake   IAS officer was doing this but an alert by TMC MP Mimi Chakraborty, helped the Police to take action. I simply felt what the local police and CID officials did. The Kolkata Police arrested  the scam master  Debanjan Deb who  opened a  vaccination camp at Kasba also across north and central Kolkata, including one at City College in north Kolkata and another on June 3 (2021) at Sonarpur. All the places are in Kolkata or its vicinity.

 I feel all the political leaders, administrators, academicians, NGOs and others irrespective of caste, creed, religion, language etc., should be involved in development politics not in narrow politics. The State has awfully suffered in 1947 and again with so many scams people will suffer particularly the helpless and the people who are not involved in the politics. I request ‘Bhadralokbabus’ “Arise! Awake! and stop not until the goal is reached”. 

The following websites have been consulted during the course of writing the article:

1)      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saradha_Group_financial_scandal

2)      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narada_sting_operation

3)      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rose_Valley_financial_scandal

4)      https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/west-bengal-fake-vaccination-camp-busted-in-kolkata-anti-bacterial-jabs-given-in-the-name-of-covid-19-vaccine

5)      https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/fraudster-held-for-organising-fake-kmc-vax-camps-hundreds-sweat-over-shots-they-got/articleshow/83793608.cms

How To Be More Assertive

I learned to be assertive from my mother. She always expresses her feelings, is comfortable with saying no, acts in her family’s best interest, and also thinks about the common good.

She’s the most assertive person I know. No one can take advantage of her. If you try, she will let you know about it. And you won’t like it. 

What is assertiveness actually? Robert E. Alberti and Michael L. Emmons are considered the lead experts in this field. Their book Your Perfect Right, first published in 1970, is considered a classic on the topic. They define assertive behavior as follows:

“Behavior which enables a person to act in his own best interests, to stand up for himself without undue anxiety, to express his honest feeling comfortably, or to exercise his own rights without denying the rights of others.”

In general, there are three types of behavior:

  1. Passive: Indirect, dishonest, does not take control, is nice at all cost, focuses on others.
  2. Assertive: Direct, honest, self-worth, to the point, focuses on the self, respects others.
  3. Aggressive: Harmful, egocentric, will to win at any cost, justifies the means, wants to control others.

If you watch our society, most behavior happens at the extremes. How often do you experience dishonesty at home, with your friends, and at work? It’s not always because people have evil intentions. Too often, it’s because most people are passive. They are afraid of the confrontation, and instead, they prefer to lie. 

But there are also a lot of aggressive people. People say that aggression is becoming more common in the world. I don’t know about that, but I do know that no one wants to be around aggressive people. 

The middle is where you want to be. You want to be respectful, firm, and not aggressive. That’s what assertiveness is all about.

An Assertiveness Technique 

But how do you become more assertive? Like anything in life you want to improve, you must practice. And the best way to practice is on aggressive people and in confrontational situations. 

Next time you experience a stressful situation or when you must deal with an aggressive person, do the following: Detach from the person and situation. Tell yourself you’re observing the situation. 

You never want to get emotionally involved. That’s the most important thing if you want to be more assertive. And once you’re detached, you simply get to the point. I know this sounds vague, so let me give you an example.

The other day I called a construction company that’s supposed to fix a leakage problem I had at my apartment. The guy tried to brush me off and wasn’t too subtle about it: “We don’t have anyone right now.”

I paused, detached from the situation, realized it wasn’t personal, and said: “What am I supposed to do? Let everything go to waste when it rains? What would you do?” 

It went on like that for a while until he finally said, “Alright, fine, I’ll come by myself.” Two hours later, he came to my apartment and fixed the leakage. Problem solved. 

Often, we escalate situations that are not necessarily bad. That’s because we allow them to become personal. But we must realize that other people have their own issues. It’s never personal. Or, we do the opposite: We do everything to avoid escalation. But that only works against us.

In the past, if something like this happened, I would say, “Okay. When can you send someone over?” And then I had to wait. That’s classic passivity.

In this world, you have to be assertive to get what you want. You don’t have to act like a bully, but you have to be a little demanding. I see it as honesty. I was simply honest with that guy. I had a problem that needed to be fixed.

It’s All About Practicing

When we become more assertive, we need to be careful not to overdo it. Otherwise, we risk becoming aggressive or overly dominant. Recent research showed that informal leaders were more liked and respected when they had “a moderate amount of assertiveness and warmth.”

That’s very accurate. When we are too nice, we risk that people take advantage of us. When we are too aggressive, we push people away. But if we’re direct and are respectful to people at the same time, we can get much more done together.

Unfortunately, you only become more assertive by being more assertive. You must practice. What helps is to see every social situation as a negotiation.

I highly recommend reading Never Split The Difference by Chris Voss. In fact, I learned the “How am I supposed to do that?” technique from that book. When people give you a proposal you don’t like, ask them that question. In my case, I changed it to “What am I supposed to do?” 

You put the ball in the other person’s court. That’s a good way to deal with difficult situations. Let others come up with a solution. But sometimes, people need a little push to make that happen. And that’s exactly what assertiveness is: A little push in the right direction.

INS vikraant

• Named after its predecessor – procured career.
 India’s first Majestic Class aircraft carrier
 Formerly called Hercules – acquired from Britain in 1957
 commissioned in 1961 as INS Vikrant
 1997 – decommissioned .

• First airbase reinforced warship of India .

• Also known as Indigenous Aircraft Carrier 1 (IAC-1).

• IAC boasts nearly 75% indigenous content.

• Informally called INS Vikrant 2.

• Currently under construction and conducting trials by Cochin Shipyard Limited in Kochi, Kerala

Specification

• Weighs up to 40,000 tonnes • Can carry up to 40 aircraft.

• To operate MiG-29K fighter aircraft, Kamov-31 Air Early Warning Helicopters, the soon-to-be-inducted MH-60R multi-role helicopter, and the indigenously manufactured Advanced Light Helicopters.

• Third air craft career INS Vishaal – expected to be commissioned in 2030.

Project Sea bird

• Largest naval infrastructure project for
India .

• 3 billion dollar programme. • Upon completion- largest naval base on the west coast and also the largest naval
base east of the Suez Canal.

• Project sea bird: project for creation of a naval base at Karwar on the west coast of India.

• Aims at providing fleet support and maintenance
of warships.

• Will be able to support several major warships and at least 30 vessels submarines and yard crafts .

• Naval Air Base will also have a maintenance
section.

• Totally spread across over 11,000 acres .

• Located on hilly terrain along the coast and by reclaiming the part of sea.

STOP PROCRASTINATING

The Merriam-Webster dictionary utters the word ‘procrastination’ is to put off intentionally and habitually the doing of something that should be done.

If we procrastinate, we keep delaying things we should do until later, often because you do not want to do them. It is the opposite of ‘punctuality’ which means doing something at the agreed or proper time. It is rightly called the ‘thief of time’ because a procrastinator never gets time again to complete his work.


No matter how disciplined and dedicated we are, chances are that we have found ourself spend hours in a slow and usually foolish way on trivial quests like watching TV, updating our Facebook status, shopping online, chatting on WhatsApp when we should have been spending that time on work or school-related projects.


Whether we are rescheduling the start of a venture for work, evading homework assignments, or overlooking household chores, delaying a visit to a doctor for compulsory regular check-up, or postponing an educational video shoot for YouTube, procrastination in each case can have a major impact on our career, our rankings, and our life.


The lost health can be regained by good food and lost wealth by hard work, but lost time, under the shadow of procrastination, is unreturnable.

CAUSES


Procrastination is caused by laziness, delayed action and the illusion of unlimited time in future. There are many men who are lazy by nature. They lack enthusiasm for work. They delay action thinking that today’s work will be done tomorrow. But their tomorrow never comes. The illusion of unlimited time in future is also one of the causes of procrastination. Many men are of the opinion that life is a long span of days, weeks, months and years. So, there is no need of being in haste. Such an opinion about the unlimited time in future encourages them to delay or postpone action.

PROCRASTINATION IS HARMFUL

Procrastination or delayed action and illusion of unlimited time in future ruin a man’s life. His success and progress become uncertain. He loses many good opportunities in life. His work remains unfinished and so the burden of work becomes unbearable. It creates tension in the mind. Postponement of work till another time more often may keep us left without its benefits, which might have accumulated had we done that on time. His life becomes a sequence of sorrow. That is why everyone should try to be punctual which alone can unveil the face of success. The necessity of cultivating punctuality is thus very important in life.

HOW TO OVERCOME

  • We plan our day in advance, set a priority list on our activities.
  • Break down the objects on our list into small, controllable steps so that our tasks don’t seem so threatening. We must complete the work and accumulate the confidence.
  • We must ask ourselves what distracts us the most—whether WhatsApp, Instagram, Facebook updates, or something else. We must shut them off quickly, only to open on necessities.
  • We must be ready for action and start quickly into a workday. By doing something important as early as possible, we will work at a higher level of productivity and efficiency all day long.
  • Last but not the least, in case we find ourselves procrastinating, we must start chanting,

“DO IT NOW!    DO IT NOW!     DO IT NOW!”

This ‘dynamic mantra’ will penetrate deep into your subconscious mind where it serves as an activator to get you going and keep you moving.

THE GOLDEN childhood DAYS

The golden days of childhood will never comeback.

The irony is when we are children we want to grow up fast but when we are an adult and we have to make choices, take decisions and bear responsibilities we want to return to our golden childhood days

I say it golden because it so precious and valuable to us when we talk about childhood days we always remember it as our best time in our life.

Do you guys remember how we used to bunk school when it rains ,and how happy we used to feel when the school used to declare holiday on weekdays unexpectedly

I know most of you also tried to fool your mother by saying you have stomachache or fever, so that you can stay at home but in vain they easily catch our tricks. we are the fools to think we can fool our parents.

we used to love when teachers give us free sports period so that we can play, we used to play so many games, playing rock paper scissors ,hand cricket, ice or water, hide and seek.

when we used to win prizes in events conducted by school and we used to do projects, we used to go to trips to museums, zoo and parks.

Especially sharing food in break time and trying different varieties was also memorable.

We feel so elated by thinking that we made a masterpiece by drawing whatever we used to feel and as you guys already for making a masterpiece the paint should be everywhere else except on the paper.

Photo by Sharon McCutcheon on Pexels.com

I used to love playing with bubbles, especially playing with balloons, and flying kites on the occasion of sankranthi.

I used to love the time we used to spend playing word games, singing songs in bus while coming home ,and not to forget the card games and board games .Racing with bicycles and skating also used to be my favourite leisure time.

How can we forget all the kinds of snacks like pichu mithai(sugar candy), coconut toffee, biscuits, so many varieties and also the figurines we used to win

Waking up early mornings to watch your favorite cartoon was always so fun, but we used to be always late for school. I know we have got our own priorities first ,hehe

Do you guys still remember how we use to use glitter pens ,sketch pens ,stickers and various types of things to decorate our projects, and the pride we used feel when our drawing or project are displayed on the notice board ,participating in quiz competitions, debates were also fun

Every time we used to think of new stories to write in the exam and end up writing film stories > <

Photo by Helena Lopes on Pexels.com

Those days where running even a small errand for mother and bringing back the exact amount was a matter of pride and was always excited to run errands for them unlike. The things which we used to do happily are a hassle now.

I know we are grown ups and we should understand and be more matured about the situations

But its ok to miss those days and bring out our memories into our present. Its ok to enjoy the things that we like and enjoy, age doesn’t matter.

People can still spend some time on themselves, on their own happiness and don’t care about this whole” you are an adult you cant like these thing at your age, you can’t do this at your age”.

Child hood is a phase that everyone goes through and that golden time will never comeback, but we should never forget lessons learnt in our childhood.

The main thing, the essence of our childhood that is the pure happiness we feel from encountering smallest things is our golden time although short but definitely sweet

Thankyou^^ and keep smiling.

ONLINE VS OFFLINE CLASS – WHICH MAKES BETTER SENSE?

We all live in a society where education is taught in schools and colleges in the classroom environment. We have been following this method of teaching from a very old time. Suddenly we were forced to face a situation like a pandemic and were told to make ourselves ready for whatever is going to happen next. As a result of the lockdown schools, colleges and all other educational institutions were shut. The government advised the institutions to take up classes through online mode. When all the students and teachers heard this, it created a mere shock. But we had no other option to choose. So, we started to adapt ourselves to the situation. It has been almost more than a year by now since schools and colleges started to function online. Having a year of experience taking up classes online, I would like to describe the pros and cons of both online and offline classes that I have understood.

ONLINE CLASS 

Starting with the advantages we gained through online classes, all of us would have felt that we got more time for relaxing and engaging ourselves in doing our hobbies. When we had offline classes, we would spend time dressing up and traveling to school or college. But online, we don’t have to spend our time on all that and we could use it effectively. Also, the training or lectures can be conducted from anywhere in the world. Participants are just needed to log on to their internet from anywhere. Online learning is more flexible as it is offered through many platforms. Another advantage that I felt personally is that people who were reluctant to open up and speak in the classroom gained some confidence and interacted in the online mode. This would help introverts to come out of their cages. It would also help them to build their interpersonal skills and come out of their comfort zone. In online teaching, the lectures are taken through videos, presentations, or activities which is more interactive than the conservative classroom environment and encourages students to engage with interest. 

OFFLINE CLASS

Although we have considerable advantages in online learning, we always prefer offline classes as we are conditioned to listen to lectures in that way from our childhood. Maybe online classes would be comfortable for kids even after when they grow since they are practiced to that way of learning. If we ask ourselves a question, whether we are comfortable with online class, we would say no but yes, we got used to it by now. Not only this we have many advantages in offline learning. The concepts related to mathematics and algorithms were clearer when it was taught in the board-chalk method and it would be easier for us as students to clarify our doubts. The student-teacher relationship is developed better in offline classes than on virtual platforms. The subjects that needed laboratory training would be possible only through offline mode. In offline classes, we would be made to sit in one place to listen to the lessons and we are not allowed to move from there. This would make something go into our heads as we have to look at the teacher’s face and make eye contact frequently. So even if we are not in the mood to listen, we would end up listening in one way or the other. But in the online way of teaching, there is no one to monitor us and our activities. We can do whatever we wanted to whenever it’s a boring session. This would affect only us as the students during their exams and skill test. Another one is that we couldn’t spend time with our friends virtually as we do in our schools and colleges. Those moments that we share in between the classes and breaks are heavenly and nothing can replace the joy that we get through chitchatting and roaming around with our gang.

So, both offline and virtual learning have their advantages but the online mode cannot provide as much pleasure and enjoyment as the real meetings. Let us hope and pray to get things better and come back to our normal lives with a bang.

Career options in English Literature

Today, we mainly communicate through the language of English. It may be between teacher and students, or between colleagues or between office employees also sometimes may be between friends. So there is a growing need of English in our world .

A lot of career options are there for the students who opt English honours for their bachelor and post graduate degrees. All over the world a great scope for job opportunities are there if you have a degree in English honours. The following are the jobs which can be done after completing the graduation or post graduation:

I. Teacher : This is a great career option after doing English honours. The graduates can apply in different government or private schools for this job, or they can apply for different government or private colleges. Once their job gets permanent they are then ready to enjoy a lot of advantages.

II. Content writer : This is a career for those who are interested in writing. People who have an interest in writing or say creative writing, should apply for this job as if you excel in this field you can go into a great height and can become an author or a writer in the long run. Those who love to explore and write about different topics, this job is the best advised one.

III. Translator : The graduates who have knowledge in other languages than English for example; Bengali, Hindi, Marathi, Tamil, French, German, Japanese, etc can apply for this job because they can show their knowledge and talent about knowing different languages in this workspace. Sometimes the translators are even hired by the government officials and government courts and houses.

IV. Blogger : The people who have a liking in blogging and wants to write about anything creatively by exploring the world can apply for this job as in this internet world blogging is a good way of earning money and writing about anything to make it reach to a large section.

V. Editor : The students who have an interest in the field of publishing can apply for this job as according to their interest in publishing this is one of the best job to apply for.

VI. Journalist : This job is for those who are ready to travel anywhere and know about that place and have a great proficiency in speaking English. They can explore the places and the stories and everything related with that place.

VII. Writer : This is for those who can write about anything or say can create any verse or poems or anything creative with any topic. The topic can be about anything but who have a great vocabulary and knowledge about most of the things.

VIII. Author : People who have a talent of creating great stories can begin their journey through this field so that one day they can achieve their goal of becoming an author by writing a masterpiece.

Apart from these, there are a lot of job opportunities for the students who want a future in English honours.

The International Yoga day

Since 2015 the international yoga day has been celebrated on 21 June every year. Following its inception in the United Nations General Assembly in 2014. It was proposed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in his speech at the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) on September 27, 2014. It is celebrated to spread awareness about the importance and effects of yoga on the health of the people.

‘Yoga’ word is derived from Sanskrit which means to join or to unite

* Benifits of doing Yoga everyday:

1. Doing yoga regularly helps in de-stressing and in calming the mind and body. 2. Yoga helps in breathing problems. 3. Helpful in eradicating toxins and impurity from the body, makes your skin glow naturally as you become healthy from inside. 4. Practicing Bhujangasana helps in many ways, like stress or fatigue. Also helps in making the skin glowing. 5. Regular yoga also helps in weight loss and also contributes to anti-aging. * But be consistent with your routine if not then it will not help, regularly practicing yoga is necessary for getting the benefits.

Yoga makes you fit physically as well as mentally

According to the United Nations, yoga can also help with COVID-19 anxiety. Yoga is also playing a significant role in the psycho-social care and rehabilitation of COVID patients in quarantine and isolation. It is particularly helpful in allaying their fears and anxiety.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi along with several other prominent dignitaries used to organise massive events in order to promote and encourage people towards yoga every year, but since the world witnessed the deadly Corona viruse in 2020, PM Modi urged people to observe the day from their homes itself due to the Corona virus outbreak.

PM Modi in a yoga event before Corona outbreak in 2019

“Yoga is not just about exercise, it is a way to discover the sense of oneness with yourself, the world and the nature. Yoga is an invaluable gift from our ancient tradition” said PM Modi on the opening of the 69th session of the General Assembly.

World Health Organization has also urged its member states to help their citizens reduce physical inactivity, which is among the top ten leading causes of death worldwide, and a key risk factor for non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes.

Yoga is divided into six branches namely Hatha yoga, Raj yoga, Karma yoga, Bhakti yoga, Jnana yoga, Tantra yoga. Also there are 7 chakras of yoga styles these are Sahasram chakra, Ajna chakra, Vishuddha chakra, Anahata chakra, Manipura, Svadhishthana and muladhara chakra.

Men who teach yoga are called Yogis and if women teach teach they are called Yoginis . Yog sutra is a 2000 year old book, this is the only book where written evidence of yoga has been found. Yogic philosophy is described in this book.

Surya namaskar

Real-time Operating System (RTOS)

A real-time operating system (RTOS) is a type of operating system designed to support real-time applications that process data as it arrives, with hardly any buffering. Processing time requirements in an RTOS are determined in tenths of seconds increments of time. It’s a time-constrained system, or we can say with fixed time limitations. Processing must take place within the stated limits in this system. Or else, the system will be useless.

Advantages of RTOS

  • Less Downtime: An RTOS ensures that the system uses more resources while keeping all devices idle. As a result, RTOS-based systems have relatively less downtime. Also, hosting firms should use RTOS to achieve the best possible outcomes.
  • Efficiency: One application is focused at a time in an RTOS. This program will almost always be the one that is already executing. All the rest in the line will be kept in the waiting stage. As a consequence, important activities may be completed on time and within the specified deadline, resulting in the exact outcomes required.
  • Reliability: Real-time operating systems, particularly those that are based on hard RTOS, are error-free. It guarantees that mistakes be dealt with more effectively. Furthermore, operating systems suffer from jitter, a problem in which the number of mistakes between loops is monitored. An RTOS may be programmed in such a way that it experiences fewer jitters if it is properly programmed. 
  • Task Management: It takes less time for a real-time operating system to go from one job to another. Shifting tasks usually take 3 microseconds or less. Critical procedures may be completed on time with this sort of quicker task management.
  • Availability: An RTOS achieves maximum outcomes, that is why it is a system that is accessible 24 /7. As a result, it is best suited for applications that must run at all times. Aside from that, an RTOS system may handle a variety of MCU systems.

Disadvantages of RTOS

  • Multitasking: Although an RTOS has the ability to focus on certain programs, this is not the same as multitasking. They’re just meant to do a handful of the duties. As a result, it’s not a good idea to use it on systems that demand to multitask.
  • Task Focus: An RTOS concentrates on a single application at a time. This is mostly done to ensure accuracy and minimize mistakes. All other applications with a low priority should be put on hold. They will be on stand-by for an unlimited amount of time.
  • Driver Requirement: Signal disruptions are unavoidable in a real-time operating system. As a result, the appropriate drivers must be loaded on the computer in order to get consistent performance. With the assistance of drivers, an RTOS will be able to respond rapidly whenever an interruption occurs.
  • Complexity: An RTOS interface have complex algorithms behind it. These algorithms will be tough to write for a typical user. Only a skilled programmer will be able to write and comprehend them.
  • Program Crashes: When working with a real-time operating system, program crashes are common. An RTOS, unlike a traditional operating system, is incapable of effectively separating memory regions. As a result, procedures will struggle to deal with them.

How to make professionally design CV to get selected

HOW TO MAKE PROFESSIONALLY DESIGN CV TO GET SELECTED 

Studies have shown that on average a recruiter spends just 7 seconds looking at a CV before deciding whether a candidate is suitable for the job role and even in some cases your CVS are checked and selected by AI intelligence robots. Your resume is the first impression in front of the interviewer. 

So ,here are some effective tips to show up your CV from the crowd- 

  • Make sure you meet the requirements –  Make sure you have at least the minimum required qualification to be considered. Otherwise it’s just a waste of time. Start with a summary of relevant skills and key accomplishments. The profile which shows personal information is a very important part of your CV. So you need to make the right impression.
  • Emphasised results rather than responsibilities- Instead of just listing your past responsibilities, emphasise your results, by using quantifiable data to show your accomplishment and skills which are related and helpful for the job you are applying for.
  • Make a connection to a job – Customise your CV for the job you want. Respond directly to the subscription and explain exactly why you are a perfect candidate for the job role. 
  • Add key points related  to the job – This is probably the best way to make your CV stand out from the crowd. Add the key points and words related to the job you’re applying for and use this in an efficient way. Don’t overuse the words and phrases. 
  • Don’t use unprofessional language- Resume is a very professional thing. You need to make sure that you don’t use unprofessional words like comfortable, afraid or any kind of key words which are considered slang in a professional way. Try to avoid grammatical mistakes.

So, here are few things which you can consider before making CV.