DS0101EN: Introduction to Data Science course by edX

Hey peeps! Here is a course for all the engineering students out there who want to pave their way towards being a data scientist. So, gear up and tighten the seat belts. Let’s get into the world of data science.

Top 10 Careers in Data Science that are Shaping the Future

In this course you will:

  • Meet people who work in data science
  • Explore definitions of data science
  • Learn about data science in a business context
  • Discover some use cases and applications of data science

Syllabus

Module 1 – Defining Data Science

  • What is Data Science?
    • Fundamentals of Data Science
    • The Many Paths to Data Science
    • Advice for New Data Scientists

Module 2 – What Data Scientists Do

  • A Day in the Life of a Data Scientist
    • Old problems, new problems, Data Science solutions
    • Data Science Topics and Algorithms
    • Cloud for Data Science

Module 3 – Data Science in Business

  • Foundations of Big Data
    • How Big Data is Driving Digital Transformation
    • What is Hadoop?
    • Data Science Skills and Big Data
    • Data Scientists at New York University

Module 4 – Use Cases for Data Science

  • What is the Difference?
    • Neural Networks and Deep Learning
    • Applications of Machine Learning

Exercise – Computer Vision with IBM Watson

Module 5 – Data Science in Business

  • How Data Science is Saving Lives
    • How Companies Should Get Started in Data Science
    • Applications of Data Science

Module 6 – Careers and Recruiting in Data Science

  • How Can Someone Become a Data Scientist
    • Recruiting for Data Science
    • Careers in Data Science
    • High School Students and Data Science Careers

MODULE 1:

Learning Objectives

In this module you will:

  • Hear from data science professionals to learn what data science is.
  • Learn about the many paths to data science.
  • Hear from data science professionals as they give advice to anyone who is passionate about data science.
  • Learn some statistics about the field of data science, the demand for data scientists, and some of the qualities of excelling data scientists.
  • Learn why data science is the sexiest job of the 21st century.

SUMMARY:

In this module, you have learned:

  • Data science is the study of large quantities of data, which can reveal insights that help organizations make strategic choices.
  • There are many paths to a career in data science; most, but not all, involve a little math, a little science, and a lot of curiosity about data.
  • New data scientists need to be curious, judgemental and argumentative.
  • Why data science is considered the sexiest job in the 21st century, paying high salaries for skilled workers.

MODULE 2:

Learning Objectives

In this module you will:

  • Hear from data scientists as they share with you what a typical day in the life of a data scientist looks like.
  • Hear from data scientists as they share with you what tools, algorithms, and technologies they use on a daily basis.
  • Hear from data scientists as they try to explain the term “cloud”.
  • Learn about data science, data scientists, and how each is defined.

In this module, you have learned:

  • The typical workday for a Data Scientist varies depending on what type of project they are working on.
  • Many algorithms are used to bring out insights from data. 
  • Accessing algorithms, tools, and data through the Cloud enables Data Scientists to stay up-to-date and collaborate easily.

MODULE 3:

In this module, you have learned:

  • How Big Data is defined by the Vs: Velocity, Volume, Variety, Veracity, and Value.
  • How Hadoop and other tools, combined with distributed computing power,  are used to handle the demands of Big Data.
  • What skills are required to analyse Big Data. 
  • About the process of Data Mining, and how it produces results.

MODULE 4:

Learning Objectives

In this module you will:

  • Hear from Norman White, the Faculty Director of the Stern Centre for Research Computing, at New York University.
  • Hear from Norman White as he talks about data science and what skills are required for anyone interested in pursuing a career in this field.
  • Hear from Norman White as he explains some of the popular data science tools and algorithms.
  • Hear from Norman White as he gives advice to high schools students, in particular, and anyone, in general, who are looking to start a career in data science.
  • Learn about data mining, and the steps the comprise the process of mining a given dataset.
  • Learn about regression and what questions can be put to regression analysis.

SUMMARY:

In this module, you have learned:

  • The differences between some common Data Science terms, including Deep Learning and Machine Learning.
  • Deep Learning is a type of Machine Learning that simulates human decision-making using neural networks.
  • Machine Learning has many applications, from recommender systems that provide relevant choices for customers on commercial websites, to detailed analysis of financial markets.
  • How to use regression to analyze data.

MODULE 5:

Learning Objectives

In this module you will:

  • Learn about what companies need to do in order to start with data science.
  • Learn about some of the qualities that differentiate data scientists from other professionals.
  • Learn about some applications of data science.
  • Learn about analytics and what important role data scientists play in this process.
  • Learn about story-telling and the importance of an effective final deliverable.
  • Learn about the main components of an effective final deliverable.
  • Apply what you learned about data science to answer open-ended questions.
  • Demonstrate your understanding of the readings to define what data science and data scientist mean.
  • Demonstrate your understanding of the readings to answer a question about the final deliverable of data science project.

Summary:

In this module, you have learned:

  • Data Science helps physicians provide the best treatment for their patients, and helps meteorologists predict the extent of local weather events, and can even help predict natural disasters like earthquakes and tornadoes.
  • That companies can start on their data science journey by capturing data. Once they have data, they can begin analysing it.
  • Some ways that data is generated by consumers. 
  • How businesses like Netflix, Amazon, UPs, Google, and Apple use the data generated by their consumers and employees.
  • The purpose of the final deliverable of a Data Science project is to communicate new information and insights from the data analysis to key decision-makers.

MODULE 6:

Learning Objectives

In this module you will:

  • Learn about what companies need to do in order to start with data science.
  • Learn about some of the qualities that differentiate data scientists from other professionals.
  • Learn about some applications of data science.
  • Learn about analytics and what important role data scientists play in this process.
  • Learn about story-telling and the importance of an effective final deliverable.
  • Learn about the main components of an effective final deliverable.
  • Apply what you learned about data science to answer open-ended questions.
  • Demonstrate your understanding of the readings to define what data science and data scientist mean.
  • Demonstrate your understanding of the readings to answer a question about the final deliverable of data science project.

SUMMARY:

In this module, you have learned:

  • The length and content of the final report will vary depending on the needs of the project.
  • The structure of the final report for a Data Science project should include a cover page, table of contents, executive summary, detailed contents, acknowledgments, references, and appendices.
  • The report should present a thorough analysis of the data and communicate the project findings.

Noise Pollution- Causes, Effects & more

Noise is usually defined as unwanted sound or a sound without value that causes discomfort to the listener. Noise is usually measured in units of decibels and is denoted by dB.

1. On human beings:-

• Mental health

Exposure to intense levels of noise can cause personality changes and violent reactions. Noise has also been shown to be a factor that attributed to violent reactions. 
Psychological health effects from noise include depression and anxiety stress. Individuals who have hearing loss, including noise induced hearing loss, may have their symptoms eased with the use of hearing aids. Individuals who do not seek treatment for their loss are 50% more likely to have depression than their aided peers. These psychological effects can lead to detriments in physical care as reduced self-care, work-tolerance, and increased isolation.

• Physical health

Exposure to loud sound or longer exposure causes threshold shift. Noise-induced threshold shifts are seen as a notch on an audiogram from 3000 to 6000 Hz, but most often at 4000 Hz.
Exposure to loud noises, either in a single traumatic experience or over time, can damage the auditory system and result in hearing loss and sometimes tinntius as well. Noise induced hearing loss is sometimes unilateral and typically causes patients to lose hearing around the frequency of the triggering sound trauma.

2. On animals:-

•Marine animals

Two main reasons that make an environmental impact of noise in marine life a grave are – 1. Noise travels much more in water, covering greater distances than it would do on land while travelling though air, and secondly because the marine life is extremely sensitive to noise pollution and an absence of any mechanism to safeguard them against it, underwater noise pollution disrupts marine life in more serious ways.

The deaths can occur because of haemorrhages, changed diving pattern, migration to newer places, and damage to internal organs and an overall panic response to the foreign sounds. There is also a disruption in normal communication between marine animals because of underwater noise pollution. This means animals prone to noise pollution cannot call their mates, look for food or even make a cry for help under such circumstances.

•Birds

Anthropogenic noise, emitted from the oil and gas compressors, is becoming a global issue. The idea of the study was to measure the stress levels of the birds compared to the distance they were nesting with the oil and gas compressors.

So much so that they were showing Post Traumatic Stress Disorder-like (PTSD) symptoms. In the birds, their corticosterone levels were relatively low. And that isn’t exactly what you would expect to see in a high-stress situation. This is likely to be what was happening with the birds. It triggered health defects such as stunted growth, issues with their reproduction, and fewer feathers on the birds. Their ability to hear predators also seemed to be jeopardised because of the noisy surroundings.

Preventive measures to reduce noise pollution

  • Factories should be established away from the settlements.
  • Settlements should be located 20 kms away from the mining areas and coal areas.
  • Explosives should be not used in mountainous, forest and mining areas.
  • Use of horn in public places should be banned.
  • The sound of musical instruments should be controlled to desirable limits.
  • The use of sound amplifiers of high power should be banned in religious events.
  • The use of sound absorber tiles should be encouraged in the construction of multi-storeyed buildings.
  • In industrial, commercial and hospital buildings, adequate soundproof systems should be installed.
  • Intensive plantation should be made in the entire building complex.
  • Planting green trees along the roadside reduces the intensity of noise pollution.
  • Protective tools should be provided for workers.
  • Legal provisions should set limits on noise and control over noise pollution.

How to seek happiness in life.

Staying happy is way more difficult than we think it is. Life is full of ups and downs, highs and lows and a never-ending cycle of work and the pressure of society. In between all these things we need to find happiness as well that gives meaning to our life. Without staying happy we can not live our life to the fullest.

Try out something new or something different from your daily life and incorporate certain habits in your life that will help you to stay satisfactory and earn happiness in life.


Avoid comparing yourself to others
This is easier said than done, but try to avoid comparing your social life to anyone else’s. It’s not the number of friends you have or the frequency of your social outings that matters. It’s what works for you.

Remember, you really have no way of knowing if someone with a bunch of friends and a stuffed social calendar is actually happy.

Take a phone break
Noticing a theme here? Cellphones and social media have undoubtedly changed the concept of being alone.

Is anybody really alone when they can pick up their phone and text or call just about anyone? Or check in on what that high school acquaintance is up to without even having to talk to them?

Take a step back from social media
Social media isn’t inherently bad or problematic, but if scrolling through your feeds makes you feel left out and stressed, take a few steps back. That feed doesn’t tell the whole story. Not by a long shot.

You have no idea if those people are truly happy or just giving the impression that they are. Either way, it’s no reflection on you. So, take a deep breath and put it in perspective.

Perform a test run and ban yourself from social media for 48 hours. If that makes a difference, try giving yourself a daily limit of 10 to 15 minutes and stick to it.

J.R.D. Tata-the great entrepreneur and philanthropist.

Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhai Tata, known throughout the world as J.R.D Tata, was born on the 29th of July, 1904 in Paris. His father, Ratanji Tata. His mother Sujaine was French. The Tatas belong to the Parsi community. They settled in Navsari, a small town near Bombay in 1942 A.D.

  The Tatas, an industrial family, have provided employment to lakhs of Indians all over the country. Tata Corporate is an industrial giant in our country. The Tatas have products that cover almost every industry right from railway engines to watches, cloth to soaps to common salt and also electrical goods. The Tata industry was started by Jamshedji Tata the Grand Old Man of the Tata family. He started a steel factory in Jamshedpur and a cotton factory in Nagpur, laying a foundation for industrial technology in India. This tradition was continued by J.R.D. Tata was known as the father figure of Indian industry.

  J.R.D. Tata received his primary education both in Paris and Bombay. He wanted to pursue his studies at Cambridge but his father involved him in the running of the company and hence he could not pursue his further studies at Cambridge. From childhood, J.R.D. wanted to be a pilot. His inspiration was Louis Blerio, an adventurous pilot who had crossed the English Channel in an airplane. After Tata returned to India he became a member of the Bombay Flying Club in 1929, obtained a pilot’s license. He flew his plane and in 1953 the Tata airlines were born which later became Air Indian, India’s international airline. Tata had undertaken his maiden solo flight from Bombay to Karachi and back, he re-enacted his maiden flight fifty years later from Karachi to Bombay in memory of the inaugural flight at the age of 88, such was his spirit!

  J.R.D. Tata participated in the struggle for freedom too. He was influenced by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and attended Congress meetings but later he felt he would be of better service if could help in eradicating poverty and employment than being behind bars. Under his chairmanship, the assets of the Tata Group grew from US$100 million to over US$5 billion. He started with 14 enterprises under his leadership and half a century later on 26 July 1988, when he left, Tata Sons was a conglomerate of 95 enterprises which they either started or in which they had a controlling interest.

He was the trustee of the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust from its inception in 1932 for over half a century. Under his guidance, this Trust established Asia’s first cancer hospital, the Tata Memorial Centre for Cancer, Research and Treatment, in Bombay in 1941. He also founded the Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS, 1936), the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR, 1945), and the National Center for Performing Arts. The growth of Tata industries under him was phenomenal. As mentioned earlier from salt to steel, soap to atomic power, hotels, transport system, Tata industries lead by J.R.D. Tata was everywhere. 

  To recognition of his achievements and services in various fields, he received numerous awards. The Padma Vibhushan, in 1955 was one such award of civilian honor. He was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1992 the highest civilian honor in India. J.R.D. Tata breathed his last on November 29, 1993, in Geneva, Switzerland. He is no more but his industries spread out all over India give a lifeline to lakhs of people.

History Of India And National Movement

Revolt of 1857
Before 1857 in 100years of a journey of Mughal emperor is ruled 1757 to set up own dynasty which was long time India and in 1857 British came that was partly they have owned and fight to rule in India and establish east India company which was named by the British. That was the “Revolt” after 1857 started and the modern history began the Mughal emperor became a pensioner of EIC.


In the background, 1757 war Plassey between Mughals and Nawab of Bengal for policies because of British was intervened for east India company by sending the governor leadership of Robert Clive control to seize indirect and French allies which broken by Captain John Munro after that they confirmed that British will go ruled in India.


1765- Treaty of Allahabad
When the British have proved that they are going to rule in India they changed the policies of East India Company and the Rights to collect the Revenue of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa which was called Deewani by the states for a collection that they won in fights and the Nizamat in Bangal which given states that maintain their Law and orders and then it became Dual system of Government this reason made the biggest Revolt of 1857. And the Mughal emperor was shah Alam became a pensioner if east India company that fixed amount given by the British which was 260000 the impact of symbolic importance he has power but the time changed that he got a yearly pensioners system of Diwani is taken charge by East India company they made different policies in revenue changes.

  • New land revenue settlements.
  • Growth of intermediary.
  • Eviction of peasants from their lands.
  • Intervention in Tribal regions.
  • Destruction of domestic handcraft and promotion of British goods.

That became the experiment that some has to succeed some are not successful but ultimately the situation has come in front of East India company has to appoint new post for their money collection(Tax) because they are not sufficient to handle the work and other became middle class came in the area to give money called money lenders. Imposed different taxes that are become reason farmers faced many problems inland.
The new market also establishes by the British command east India company India became the manufacturer for raw material in the market because they have given rights to take charge and command EIC whatever the market in India like cotton manufacture mills handicraft that tribal made by them all are produced in Britain. This is the only marketing and manufacture India and the production is over the business of profit is now British in hand only one thing comes in mind of drainage of wealth they pay tax to the British government.

These are all the reasons that British pay money for tax and money for their government to east India company this become main benefits of permission given but they also send money to Britain so especially pay tax.
Military Revolt on 29 march 1857 behind reason become revolt because of British they invented the Enfield rifle and they use kind of grease they made of pig or cow that military refuse to use that greased cartridges. 10th may all regiment was also denied and they killed British army officers because they are large in number so they were more powerful on them and run away to Delhi on 11 May came from Meerut they induce in these all problem and movement were started they went to bahadur shah Zafar lead them. That they have their army and army chief bakht khan who was more than 84 years old he told bahadur shah that this is the biggest opportunity for us to make a change they are ready to lead them and they become symbolic. There were many revolts began by different states Lucknow on 4th June begum Hazrat mahal (w/o Nawab Wajid Ali Shah) Brijis Qadir.

SUPPRESSION OF “REVOLT”
On 21th September Delhi Hudson B.S Zafar was arrested and sent to Rangoon and his son were killed in 1852. In Lucknow send Halov Outram to control them but they cannot control but after that Collin Campbell send to kill them and then Begum Hazrat Mahal went to Nepal and Lucknow get occupied by the British and the Kanpur revolt is over won by Campbell tatyatope hanged by them and nana sahib went to Nepal in 1857 revolt has over by east India company. The reason behind the revolt

  • Politocal- Doctrine of laps.
  • socio-Religious – Christianzation of India, Religious disabilities Act 1856.
  • Economic- Drain of wealth

And India in 18th century 1757 – 1764 British kingdom established by the struggle for succession. In 1803 Aurangzeb son MD muazzam shah Alam(65yr old) fight the British won get emperor and he adopted tolerance policies with Hindu kings but those who found them struggle they try to induce the end the make friendly relationship. There are many Mughal emperors and Hindu samaras who ruled between this time. But the British kingdom was the last that occupied India.
The democracy of India is the big challenge that faced the third freedom of the nation. The Indian national movement was an organised mass movement and affected both internal and external. It led to the formation of the Indian national congress in 1885. Struggles of the country have broken the people of India by socio-Cultural, and Economic factors that led to the rise of Nationalism.
Tilak was the first leader who leads this movement. The British colonial authorities called it “The father of the Indian unrest”. He was also given a title name “Lokmanaya” as a leader and an independence activist Mahatma Gandhi called him “The Maker of Modern India”.
Indian National Congress
Tilak encouraged the swadeshi movement and the Boycott movement. The movement consisted of any Indian produce goods. there was a gap which had to be filled by the production of those goods in India itself.
Dadabhai Naroji formed the East India Association in 1867 and Surendranath Banerjee founded Indian National Association in 1876. Seventy- two Indian delegates met in Bombay in 1885 and founded the Indian National Congress.
The demands of education, awareness about the rights, freedom of speech reform and expansion of the legislative council’s development of modern capitalist industries in India.
The national movement in (1858- 1905)
Procrastination by Qween Victoria announced that now east India company will not intertwine in India British has only the power by parliament it changed the whole democracy. growth of nationalism in this index administration. It was British rule and its direct and indirect consequences that provided the material, moral and intellectual conditions for developing a national movement in India. British is the only reason for policies for their backwardness.
The first session will be held in Pune, but it’s changed for a reason and held in Bombay in Gokul das Sanskrit school and the second session Kolkatta by Dadabhai Naroji has been three-time 1886, 1893 and 1906. Total 434 delegates are standing Community and the third session in madras (1887) formed by Badruddin Tyabin. He is the third president of the Indian national congress. He declared that he had denounced all communal Muslims and bring them into the party and introduced resolution no XII at the Allahabad congress.

Essence of Old school love

Can we please switch to old school love, where physical proposals were a thing. Where proposals were not done over texts or phone calls. Where instead of staying busy on phones, people would look into each other’s eyes and converse. This Gen Z will never understand what it was like, what it felt like.

Lovely Couple Holding Hands and Stock Footage Video (100% Royalty-free) 1036502249 | Shutterstock

When I hear my parents or grandparents describe how they met and fell in love, I see a certain purity dictated by first meetings, holding hands, exchanging letters through common acquaintances, and fighting the world to be with each other. And when I consider how long they’ve been together and how they’ve stood by each other through good times and bad, it almost always puts a smile on my face. But, I also feel envious at times. The internet has ruined many of the elements that used to make love magical. I miss the way people used to talk and write about love. It’s now only seen in vintage black-and-white films, only in dusty, faded images of my grandparents. I no longer see old school love. In fact, I’ve experienced nothing like it yet.

The respect and dignity people had for each other was unmatched. Old school love was slow and patient, it was never rushed. They didn’t expect a kiss on their first date or even third date. They made every small brief moments count, like holding hands, writing handwritten letters, talking about life over long walks. Imagine, standing out of their corridor or street just for their one glance. That’s love. Imagine, waiting for the replies to your letters for a month. That’s love. Imagine watching sunsets at beaches over Netflix and chill at home. That’s love. I believe that love comes with all the embellishments like the conveying of things through the eyes, long walks which are taken while holding hands and always feeling like something is missing when your special someone is not around. Cute gestures like buying your partner chocolates when they have a bad day or taking them to your favourite spot in the city as a way to let them into your life go a long way in making special memories. Talking through a fight or a misunderstanding instead of breaking up and moving on to the next person gives love real strength.

However, it’s slightly difficult to survive in a world where the basic idea of love is now swiping right or left on a mobile app. The kind of love we see nowadays doesn’t seem like it’s a relationship between two peoples. It seems like it’s between them and their Instagram followers. These days, people date someone for like a week and brag about them on their Instagram, change their profile pictures. That isn’t love. Going out on dates, staying busy on your phones and clicking pictures just to post on these social medias, not to create memories. That isn’t love. I’m not saying that don’t go out on dates, but can’t you keep your phone aside and just listen to your partner, look at their glowing face when the moonlight falls on them. Enjoy the small moments and don’t miss out on this happiness.

Water resources in India

Water is one of the most essential natural source for us to survive and we have heard it quite a lot time that we cannot survive without it. today I will discuss various resources of water in our country and need to conserve it for future.

In India , we have various resources of water . India receives water from precipitation is about 4000 cubic km. This rain occurs mostly in monsoon seasons with north and northeast getting maximum rain. India has about 4 % of total world’s water resources.

Beside these resources , India has a vast coastline with intended coast in some states. Odisha , Kerala and west Bengal have vast surface water resources in form of lakes. this water is also used for Irrigation of some crops. Irrigation is process of watering of agricultural plants through artificial ways. The availability from surface water ( from lakes , pond , rivers and tanks ) is about 1869 cubic kilometer. Though this level of water is more than enough but , most of the area in India is under tropical climate . About 92% of water is used in Agriculture , 6% for drinking and 2 % for industries. For agriculture , rain is most important resources in India but due to uncertainty of rainfall , uneven distribution of rainfall , crop requirements and nature of the soil, Irrigation is widely used in our country.( source : Jasmine Rachel ,135).

Irrigation are done in India by various ways . It totally depends upon availability of surface and ground water. Various means of irrigation are wells ,tanks , canals and others.

  1. well :- well is a very common source of irrigation we all have seen it in various places. it is a small hole dug in the surface of the earth to obtain water for irrigation. it is a very simple and cheap source of Irrigation.

2. Tube wells : – it is a deeper well at the depth of 20 – 30 m from which water is lifted up for various uses . it can irrigate large area for agriculture. it brings a large amount of underground water. but is little bit expensive.

3. Canals : – canal is the biggest source for irrigation . it is stretched for lakhs of kilometers. Basically ,there are different types of canals that is Inundation canals and Perennial canals . canal irrigation is practiced in Uttar Pradesh , Madhya Pradesh , Rajasthan , Andhra Pradesh and various regions.

Water conservation

Water is a natural resources in our planet . it is a basic need of humans . But due to overuse of it ( increase in population and irrigation) its demand has raised a lot since few years. and amount of water has significantly fallen. some experts also say that world war 3 could be fought due to shortage of water in various countries. we need to conserve water as much as possible . some reasons for it are :-

  1. The overuse of underground water.
  2. Irrigation
  3. The demand of water for industrial use is increasing day by day.
  4. The increase in country’s population.

Water conservation is a very serious mater . fresh water is also declining from earth’s surface. we need to take good steps to conserve water and use efficient measures to conserve water. some techniques to conserve water are rainwater harvesting , water recycling etc.

PROBLEMS FACED BY LGBT COMMUNITY

The expression “LGBT” represents lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans gender. A lesbian is lady drawn to another ladies. Gay is a man drawn to another man. Bisexual individuals are drawn to more than one gender. A transgender individual is somebody whose sex personality varies from the one they were appointed upon entering the world. Individuals in the LGBT people group are battling for equivalent rights and acknowledgment. Trans individuals, particularly, face a ton of trouble in discovering acknowledgment. Individuals in the LGBT people group are peered downward on constantly. While lesbians, gay and bisexual individuals are reluctant to inform their families about their sexuality.

They are not acknowledged in the public eye. Others ridicule them. “LGBT” terms are regularly used to affront somebody. “Gay” is frequently utilized as a revile/curse term which isn’t right. Somebody’s identity shouldn’t be utilized as reviling/cursing word.

Consistently, an enormous number of LGBT individuals face gigantic issues identified with brutality, joblessness, separation, destitution and absence of medical care. Biased individuals have issues with the manner in which individuals from the LGBT people group lead their lives. These individuals, I accept, are being juvenile. There are a few group who claims themselves as LGBT ally however the extremely next second they crack lame and sexiest jokes on them.

However, there are individuals who genuinely support LGBT people group. Be that as it may, of individuals have ill-conceived notion about them. They accept that LGBT individuals shouldn’t be permitted in home. I believe If school make their understudies mindful about the LGBT people group, we would not deal with such issues.

RESOURCES:

1.https://www.youthkiawaaz.com/2018/01/dont-ever-be-afraid-to-show-off-your-true-colours/

2.https://www.livemint.com/Sundayapp/sAYrieZdZKEybKzhP8FDbP/Being-LGBT-in-India-Some-home-truths.html

Dreaming big enough

As soon as the name of dreams comes in the mind, then we feel that dreams are those which we see in the night. But dreams are in reality what we see while sleeping, but we see the real dreams of life with open eyes. Those dreams that give us the courage to take us towards tomorrow give us happiness. Dreams come automatically in our mind which molds our thoughts accordingly. Dreams are not a slideshow but examples of our thoughts that we think of all the time.

What do we think famous people So become famous because they decide. No we think wrong rather they dream and start fulfilling them because they have dreams and they have followed their dreams due to which they have gone on right path in their life .all you need is a passion. Passion helps us to complete the dreams .When we dream big, we think accordingly and start moving forward. To contemplate a big dream is to consider your potential as a powerful creator, and that’s actually a good thing.

Dreaming is a multi-step process. Although coming up with an idea of ​​how you are going to spend the rest of your life is important, acting on that idea is half the battle. Your dreams have nothing to do with what others think of you. Others may want to see you as a doctor, but you may be dreaming of becoming a painter. This is not entirely wrong as you have the right to dream about everything that your heart desires.

We have found many people who limit their dreams. They dream according to the situation they are standing at the right moment. Then that is not dreaming big enough. For example: perhaps you would most really choose the job that is most suitable to you rather than the career you actually want but that is beyond your grasp at the current moment. However, big dreamers dream light-years from where they stand.

A truely big dream is an ultimate manifestation. A big dream is your soul’s way of reaching the highest vibration from this place in universe. If you know you are truely dreaming big enough, then your soul will let you dream manifest and your heart sing. 

So what do you think? Are you dreaming enough? Are your dream holds so much power that they can withstand any situation and will not be break by you? That’s how your dreams should be. If so, well done!

It will take higher level of path of trust in oneself to consider possibilities like these. Many people even don’t dare to dram.

If you think that you are not dreaming enough, then you have to move your training wheels bit speedily and stretch a little higher. Let you imagination runs into wild and see where it takes you!

Dreaming is not a bad thing, not fulfilling it is a bad thing.

TRENDING TECHNOLOGY

Can a robot ever be conscious and how would we know if it were?🕘

Some people think we could easily build and identify a conscious robot, while others insist that it’s impossible – it all depends on what you think consciousness.

Technology’ is one of the keywords of our world, yet it is also one of the most confused. As an analytical category it seems necessary for our understanding of all of humanity’s history, and indeed beyond. We are probably comfortable with asserting that humans have had technologies since the Palaeolithic, and a menagerie of animals, from crows to chimps, have even been identified as tool users. As an actors’ category ‘technology’ is of surprisingly recent vintage, although cognate terms – techne, arts, and so on – have a much longer history. Yet even for a recent English word ‘technology’ has come to embrace often conflicting meanings. In this essay review I have three aims. First, I will offer a summary of Eric Schatzberg’s important new opus Technology, which untangles and clarifies the history of ‘technology’ and its cognates as actors’ categories. Second, I will conduct a critical analysis, arguing that Schatzberg, while helpfully placing past ways of thinking about technology into two camps, ones he calls the ‘cultural’ and ‘instrumental’ approaches, makes a misstep when he favours the former over the latter.

Third, I offer an extension of my preferred instrumentalist definition, one which highlights an essential property of technologies – their power to intervene over scales – in a way that, I suggest, offers a new, invigorating direction of study for historians of science and technology.

There is disagreement over whether machines can ever be conscious, let alone how we would know if one were. Your view may depend on how you see consciousness.

If the subjective feeling of consciousness is an illusion created by brain processes, then machines that replicate such processes would be conscious in the way that we are. How would we know this? Daniel Dennett at Tufts University in Massachusetts thinks a Turing test, in which a machine has to convince a human interrogator that it is conscious, should, if conducted “with suitable vigour and aggression and cleverness”, be enough.

Face Packs

Face pack is easiest way to take care of your skin. Our skin faces a lot of damage due to inadequate care, pollution, climate change and health issues. There are variety face packs depending on need and skin type.

Here are some reason why to use face packs :-

  1. Deep Clean :- Using a face pack on daily basis can keep your skin healthy by getting rid of oil and dirt.
  2. Unclog pores :- The ingredients of face packs are such that they pull out all impurities on the surface of the skin or they penetrate deep inside the pores pushing out dirt to the surface along with dead skin cells.
  3. Hydrates the skin :- To maintain a radiant looking youthful skin you need to drink a lot of water. Apply face packs that will add moisture to skin such as cucumber, potato, banana etc.
  4. Reduces acne and dark spots :- Face packs helps in maintaining skin tones, prevents the formation of age spots reduces pigmentation and sun damage.

Terrorism

Terrorism is a criminal act that seeks to instil terror in ordinary people. It is a danger to mankind. It covers anybody or any organisation who spreads violence, such as riots, burglaries, rapes, kidnappings, fights, bombs, and so on. Terrorism is a cowardly act. Terrorism is also unrelated to religion. A terrorist is a terrorist, regardless of whether he or she is Hindu or Muslim.

Types of Terrorism

Terrorism is classified into two types: political terrorism, which causes widespread alarm, and criminal terrorism, which involves abduction for ransom money. Political terrorism is even more dangerous than criminal terrorism since it is carried out by well-trained individuals. As a result, it becomes difficult for law enforcement organisations to apprehend them in a timely manner.

Terrorism spreads at both the national and international levels. Regional terrorism is the most violent type of terrorism. Because terrorists believe that dying as a terrorist is precious and holy, they are prepared to go to any length. All of these terrorist organisations are formed for a variety of reasons.

Causes of Terrorism

There are several major causes of terrorism, including rapid population growth, politics, social and economic problems, dissatisfaction with the country’s system, a lack of education, corruption, racism, economic inequality, and linguistic differences. Terrorism is used as a weapon to show and justify one’s point of view. The most well-known riots are those between Hindus and Muslims, although there is a distinction between caste and terrorism.

The Effects Of Terrorism

Terrorism instils fear in individuals, and as a result, people in the country feel insecure. Terrorist attacks damage millions of products, take the lives of thousands of innocent people, and slaughter animals. After witnessing a terrorist attack, disbelief in mankind grows, giving rise to another terrorist. There are several forms of terrorism in various areas of the country and throughout the world.

Today, terrorism is not just a concern in India, but also in our neighbouring nation, and governments all over the world are working hard to combat it. The September 11, 2001, terrorist attack on the World Trade Center is widely regarded as the world’s biggest. Osama bin Laden attacked the world’s tallest skyscraper, resulting in millions of injuries and the deaths of thousands of people.

Terrorist Attacks in India

India has suffered several terrorist attacks which created fear among the public and caused huge destruction. Here are some of the major terrorist attacks that hit India in the last few years: 1991 – Punjab Killings, 1993 – Bombay Bomb Blasts, RSS Bombing in Chennai, 2000 – Church Bombing, Red Fort Terrorist Attack,2001- Indian Parliament Attack, 2002 – Mumbai Bus Bombing, Attack on Akshardham Temple, 2003 – Mumbai Bombing, 2004 – Dhemaji School Bombing in Assam,2005 – Delhi Bombings, Indian Institute of Science Shooting, 2006 – Varanasi Bombings, Mumbai Train Bombings, Malegaon Bombings, 2007 – Samjhauta Express Bombings, Mecca Masjid Bombing, Hyderabad Bombing, Ajmer Dargah Bombing, 2008 – Jaipur Bombings, Bangalore Serial Blasts, Ahmedabad Bombings, Delhi Bombings, Mumbai Attacks, 2010 – Pune Bombing, Varanasi Bombing.

The recent ones include 2011 – Mumbai Bombing, Delhi Bombing, 2012 – Pune Bombing, 2013 – Hyderabad Blasts, Srinagar Attack, Bodh Gaya Bombings, Patna Bombings, 2014 – Chhattisgarh Attack, Jharkhand Blast, Chennai Train Bombing, Assam Violence, Church Street Bomb Blast, Bangalore, 2015 –  Jammu Attack, Gurdaspur Attack, Pathankot Attack, 2016 – Uri Attack, Baramulla Attack, 2017 – Bhopal Ujjain Passenger Train Bombing, Amarnath Yatra Attack, 2018 Sukma Attack, 2019- Pulwama attack.

Agencies fighting Terrorism in India

To combat terrorism in India, many police, intelligence, and military institutions have created specific agencies. In India, major anti-terrorism agencies include the Anti-Terrorism Squad (ATS), the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW), and the National Investigation Agency (NIA).

Conclusion

Terrorism has evolved into a worldwide concern that must be addressed at the outset. Terrorism cannot be handled only by law enforcement forces. People all across the world will need to band together to combat the rising menace of terrorism.

WHY BIODIVERSITY IS SO IMPORTANT??

 Biodiversity is soul for life!!💚


Biodiversity has become an important issue on the global arena. The importance of biodiversity is increasingly being recognised as of vital concern on the local, national and international levels. The challenge is how to find practical and workable ways to increase biological diversity. Obviously action needs to be taken on the governmental level. However there are also ways that individuals, and groups of individuals can begin to act on their own right and help create ecological change and increase biodiversity.

The issues and challenges around achieving biodiversity are many and therefore likely require many solutions in order to be find the most effective solution, or combination of solutions, for a given area.

One highly effective solution which has recently emerged is called a “Rewilding Stick”. A Rewilding Stick is a highly-scalable method suitable for leveraging the planting efforts of either a single individual, or of a large group of individuals.

 

Mohammad Ali Jinnah- The man behind the Partition and creation of Pakistan.

Note- This article is based on historical facts and written with great conscience. I (the author) do not intend to hurt the sentiments of any Religion or Community. And in case I’ve made any mistake (with facts), then feel free to comment below.

Mohammad Ali Jinnah, the first Governor-General of Pakistan, was a part of the India National Congress for many years. India and Pakistan were born due to the two-nation theory that the Muslims would be given a separate nation as opposed to the Hindus and the INC.

  Hindus and Muslims had always fought as one against the oppression of the British. But the British were very crafty. They were aware that the growing nationalism would be the downfall of the British Empire sooner or later. To avoid this the British, sought the practice of ‘Divide and Rule’. They knew that the Muslims were a minority and their lack of education and comparative backwardness made them insecure and the British supposedly took up their cause. They campaigned for their cause and the Muslim intellectuals, big landlords, and leaders of the community aided them in swaying the rest of the Muslims. The way they wanted to.

 The Indians, unfortunately, did not realize that this was what the Britishers wanted and that they should be working together. The divide became wider and soon separate electorates took place in 1906. The Muslim leaders like Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan, Maulana Azad, M.A. Ansari all worked and appealed for unity, but on the other hand, Jinnah emerged as the leader of the Muslims and he gave vent to his ill feelings against Hindu leaders. It was during the conference at Calcutta in December 1928, that he demanded a separate electorate as well as reservations and safeguards for his community. He drilled into the minds of all the Muslims that they were a minority and they stood the danger of being dominated by the Hindu majority. Several Hindu organizations like the Hindu Mahasabha aided the deep-rooted resentment between the two communities.

  The result of all this was partition and a nation called Pakistan was born. The initial idea of a different Muslim nation was heralded by Sir Muhammad Iqbal, who put this proposal at the Allahabad Muslim League session in 1930. But it was in April 1914 that Jinnah declared that under no circumstances would there be one government. They were determined to establish an independent nation. When the Ministers of the Interim Government, led by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru were being sworn in, in September 1946, the Muslim League supporters were raising slogans about ‘Long Live Pakistan’. Though the two leagues worked together for a while, it was by no means a smooth sailing in the joint Government. Jinnah then announced 16th August 1946 to be considered as Direct Action Day, to assert his demand for a separate homeland for Indian Muslims out of certain northwestern and eastern provinces in colonial India. Against a backdrop of communal tension, the protest triggered massive riots between Hindus and Muslims in Calcutta (now Kolkata) in the Bengal Province of British India. More than 4,000 people lost their lives and 100,000 residents were left homeless in Calcutta within 72 hours. This violence sparked off further religious riots in the surrounding regions of Noakhali, Bihar, United Provinces (modern Uttar Pradesh), Punjab, and the North-Western Frontier Province. These events sowed the seeds for the eventual Partition of India.

Communal Riots in Calcutta

  Eventually, Lord Mountbatten put forward the partition plan in June 1947. The country was divided into two separate nations- India and Pakistan. Mohammad Ali Jinnah was sworn in as the first Governor-General of Pakistan on 14th August 1947. A day later India gained Independence with Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru as the Prime Minister on 15th August 1947. As Jinnah left New Delhi to assume the office of Governor-General of Pakistan he commented that it was probably the last time he would be looking at Delhi, and this proved true enough as he died only a year later on September 11, 1948. The emergence of Pakistan was at almost the end of his lifetime and the task of fulfilling and building up his dream was left to his successors.

Lord Mountbatten

Movie Review – Death Bell

If you are searching for an Asian horror movie with nerve wrenching suspense, then Death bell maybe the one you are looking for. Death bell is an absolute epitome of horror and thriller. If you’re among someone who enjoys watching horror movies- you should definitely add this to your watch list right now.

Death Bell (2008) - IMDb
Rated 5.6/10 by IMBD

Death bell or Gosa is a Korean horror suspense thriller movie directed by Hong Seung Yoon who is also a music video director and produced by Core Content Medias. The movie stars Lee Beom Soo, in his first horror film role, Kpop singer Nam Gyu Ri marking her acting debut, Kim Bum, Yoon Jung Hee in peculiar characters with Son Yeo Eun, Lee EL, Son Ho Jun and many others making it star-studded cast line-up. Set in a Korean high school, the film’s native title refers to gosa, the important midterm exams that all students are required to sit. A group of 20 high school students partakes in an elite class to prepare for a college exam. Trouble ensues when the students and teachers are trapped in the school building by a maniac and to be set out free then to need to answer his question or face horrible fate. The movie has but wrenching, brutal torture scenes which can be harsh for some people. It is neat and clean, topic and genre committed movie. Most of the characters show little development but there are not also much lows in their characters. The movie upheld the high tension up to the end. Once you are immersed in the storyline, you won’t be able to leave your seat. Cinematography and screenplay can disappoint, but the acting won’t. Nam Gyu Ri as Ina is set up as the plot’s central girl, who is determined to save her classmates. She has wonderful presences which grow as action pick ups. The movie has the basic Asian horror idea of avenging host associated with modern day students’ lives. The central core of the movie is an interpretation of the “torture porn” genre of Western Horror that was doing the rounds. This cultural immersion allows it to stand apart even if it doesn’t fully deliver. This is a feature for horror fans that are less concerned with fully rounded characterization.
All in all , Death Bell gives you best horror with a wonderful cast but with moderately good plotline and other aspects.