Electric Vehicle Market in India

Startups and Unicorns in EV Market.

  Ather and Ola are successful rivalries of the electric scooter market. Ola electric a unicorn company takes the smarter way by playing with the numbers. The company strongly believed that the price of electric scooters in India can be reduced only when the sales are as huge as 4000 units a year. They are strategically planning and working over the same. 

    Ather on the other hand is one of the early adopters of the Indian EV market. It had a slow and steady plan to capture the Indian market. Incubated at IITM in their early stage, they did a lot of brainstorming to achieve their design, range, and performance. As a result of this once it was introduced to the market people were awestruck with its design and came up with a question “Why not give it a try?”. Ather made sure that the try was worth the cost. Their service and support were well appreciated in the first place. Ather experience centres made a huge impact in its sales numbers. It made people realise that it’s more than just a ride.

   Patrimony Automotive players like Hero Motorcorp, Bajaj Auto, TVS Auto came up with their own strategies and features to launch in the Indian market and they are blooming in the same. Bajaj Chetak has a terrific range of 95 kilometers on a single charge, which is more than enough for a user to switch from petrol to an Electric vehicle. The e-showroom on their website is made in such a way that users can get the feel of visiting a showroom and exploring the vehicle with a smartphone in their hands.

 Apart from these startups like Ultroviolette, Ampere electric, Okinawa scooters are also trying to sustain a better place in the Indian Market. Ultraviolette bike is expected to have exceptional sales due to its breath-taking design and performance. 

Passenger Electric Vehicles:

The passenger electric vehicles sales in India have not met their expected growth in sales. But the market is predicted to change in the upcoming years. The key players in electric passenger vehicles in India are as follows:

  • Tata – Nexon EV.
  • Hyundai – Kona EV.
  • Morris Garage – ZS EV.
  • Tata – Tigor EV.

Nexon EV has a range of about 312 km on a single charge while MG ZS EV and Kona EV have a promising range of about 419kms and 452kms respectively. The offered range is promising and sufficient for trips and travels. They have pretty good acceleration and drive modes.

Tesla, a prominent player in the EV market across the world, has entered the Indian market and things are anticipated to change. Headquartered in Bangalore(the city of EV growth), the company is making plans to reduce the battery cost and production cost. The charging infrastructure would become better due to the dashing intervention of Tesla.

The growth of EVs in India is mainly dependent on the charging infrastructure across the country and experts are Forecasting it to get better in the upcoming years.

https://www.autocarindia.com/car-news/volkswagen-id-3-rivalling-tesla-hatchback-due-in-2023-421249

https://www.fortuneindia.com/enterprise/the-big-electric-scooter-battle/105440

Privacy in Internet era

The use of digital technology is growing, and people are becoming more aware of it, as well as the numerous benefits that technology provides. They are always connected, can contact almost anyone from anywhere, and carry the world’s most powerful information source in their pockets. People, on the other hand, appear to overlook one fact: how much data technology generates. And that’s where the issue of privacy comes into the picture and it is no secret that the modern use of the Internet and social media has a significant impact on people’s privacy. And our need for privacy is one of the characteristics that define us as human beings. Nobody like having their privacy invaded, whether it’s by someone looking over our shoulder or by a data breach. Every day, we come across headlines concerning privacy breaches that make us worry. The Internet is commonly regarded as a tool that has enabled people to write their own stories and share their experiences with a global network of people. As we continue to digitize every aspect of our lives, from gyms to vacation destinations, security and privacy protection will become increasingly more important in the coming years. As a result, it is growing easier to unintentionally give out sensitive information via email, social media, and other means these days. From internet service providers collecting user browsing history to software vendors gathering broad data about our personal life, there is a lot of data being collected about us. As a result, simple laws and regulations ensuring consumers’ ability to opt out of personal data collecting are urgently needed. In the digital era, this would go a long way toward safeguarding privacy.

Until 2021, the total sum of our personal information on the internet will be around 1.2 Million TBs, and it will undoubtedly rise in the future. Have we ever thought about how to keep it safe? If we continue to take this lightly, the day will come when digital privacy issues will attract an increase in cyber attacks, resulting in a loss of reputation, theft of sensitive documents, and a lack of confidence among users.

To emphasize the importance of data privacy in our lives, we should all take a look at the approaches or methods that can help us add value to data privacy.

  • Using technologies to effectively manage compliance and vulnerability in security.
  • Auditing security setups on a regular basis.
  • Staffs should be well-trained and educated on the ongoing threat of ransom ware.
  • Make the Privacy Procedures sound more effective by updating them.
  • Creating and restoring backup files with caution.
  • For reaching the unreachable updates, technology should be used.
  • Obtaining illegible H/W Channels from the attackers.
  • Also education has the duty of transferring awareness, attitudes, skills, and conduct from actual life domains such as home, school, and friends to young people.

From beginning till the end, it can be concluded that data privacy should not be overlooked. And what we should be doing right now is actively participating in the fight to make our lives more secure in this era of digitization.

Cyber Stalking – A Psychological Study

Cyber stalking is a crime in which stalkers use the internet or another electronic device to stalk an individual. It is also known as online harassment or online abuse. It entails harassing or threatening an individual on a regular basis. Stalking can be done in the following ways such as to follow a person till his home or where he does his business, to cause destruction to a person’s property, leaving written messages or objects, or making harassing phone calls.

The Cyber stalkers always think that they’re anonymous and can hide. In other words, the cyber stalker’s greatest power is their ability to rely on the anonymity that the internet offers them, allowing them to monitor their victim’s activities without their name being revealed. Thus, there is a need of efficient cyber tools to investigate cyber crimes and to be prepared to defend against them and to bring victims to justice.

Extreme narcissism, hatred, frustration, vengeance, jealousy, obsession, psychiatric disorder, power and control, sadistic fantasies, sexual predation, internet addiction, or religious bigotry are all psychological reasons for stalking. Some of them are discussed below:

  • Jealousy: Stalking can be motivated by jealousy, especially when it involves ex-lovers and present partners.
  • Obsession: Obsession could be another reason for stalking. The stalker may be drawn to the victim on a sexual or mental basis. The difference between admiring and stalking is very marginal.
  • Erotomania: It’s a type of belief in which the stalker believes the victim, who is usually a stranger or well-known figure, is in love with him.
  • Harassment: Cyber stalking is claimed to be motivated by this. This is due to the fact that the internet reflects actual life.
  • Revenge or Hate- Even though the victim is not the cause of the stalker’s feelings of hatred and revenge, he or she remains the stalker’s target. Based on the aforementioned causes for stalking, a stalker could be obsessed, outraged, psychotic, or crazy, and the Internet appears to be the most convenient venue for the stalker to vent his feelings of hatred and revenge.

In particular, there are three types of stalkers. Obsession stalkers are motivated by their fixation with sexual harassment and sometimes love, deluded stalkers are motivated by the urge to display their authority, and vengeful stalkers are motivated by the want to exact retribution.

The term cyber space means the environment where the communication takes place using internet. To put it another way, the internet has created a world. A global domain inside the digital landscape consisting of the interdependent network of information technology infrastructures, including the Internet, telecommunication systems, computer systems, and embedded processors can be classified as cyber space. Another term is the virtual environment in which worldwide PCs’ electronic data circulates. This is a hazy explanation of cyberspace. Its fundamental feature is that it is made up of many computer networks, switches, routers, servers, and so on. It consists of a collection of infrastructures including transportation, banking, finance, telecommunications, energy, and public health.

Cyber stalking is an activity in which a person, abuser, or stalker uses the internet or electronic media to stalk or harass another person or victim. In cyber stalking, a stalker may communicate with a victim via email, social media, messaging apps, or other forms of online communication. A stalker may use the internet to harass a person by posting messages, pictures, or information about them. Some also track location or online activities of individuals while stalking. Although cyber stalkers do not physically follow the person who has been wronged, they do so virtually. The cyber stalkers do adopt all types of technological and digital instruments assault but it is an emotional assault and harassment which is carried out by using electronic media. However, the provisions made for cyber stalking are not the same as those made for real-life scenarios.

Digital marketing has became necessary

Take a risk and keep testing, because what works today won’t work tomorrow, but what worked yesterday may work again.”- Amrita Sahasrabudhe.

Digital marketing is a canopy for marketing. It is all about marketing Products and services through digital technologies, overall the Internet, digital marketing involves all marketing weapon that requires an electronic device or the internet.

When small businesses get started, their focus is often on how to get their first group of customers through the door. They may rely on traditional forms of advertising, such as print ads and coupon mailers or even big signs on the side of the road. They may trust that since they know they offer a good product or service, it’s only a matter of time until customers will find their
way to them.

This decade 2021, in just a three month whole world is facing new pandemic (covid19). As per government order we have to maintain social distancing and isolation. Every social gathering is
canceled. Small business or any other company can take this situation as an opportunity. As everyone will be in there houses all they gonna do there is watch TV, laptop or stick to there phone. This will be best opportunity to show cast there product or company.

Nower day people tend to believe in digital marketing then the traditional one. It’s an psychology of people if their favorite or popular celebrity do promote the particular product they will bye it then the unknown face doing the same ad. They qualities of advertisement also plays an important role on consumers mind. ” popular the celebrity is the more costumer they will attract”.

The group of potential customers that are found online is a much larger group of people than you are likely to be able to attract locally. Using digital marketing, you can reach an enormous audience in a way that is both cost-effective and measurable.

41% of U.S. buyers search and buy on Amazon while 28% search on Google then buy on Amazon, so small business SEO is still crucial . 3.2 billion people or 42% of the world population uses social media today (Emersys, 2019). Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Reddit, and LinkedIn are the market leaders. LinkedIn offers 80% of social media B2B leads, for example. On average, these people spend 2 hours and 22 minutes on social media networks per day, 80% of the time is on mobile.



At last “It’s hard to find things that won’t sell online.” – Jeff Bezos

DIRT $ SHAME ?

AS SOON AS A GIRL HITS PUBERTY, HER BODY GOES THROUGH A LOT OF CHANGES. ONE AMONGST THE CHANGES THAT TAKES PLACE IS: SHE BLEEDS EVERY MONTH . WHAT IS MENSTRUATION? EVERY MONTH THE UTERUS PREPARES ITSELF TO RECEIVE THE FERTILIZED EGG, IF THE EGG DOES NOT FERTILIZE, THE BED LIKE FORMATION OF BLOOD AND MUCUS, WHICH HAD BEEN PREPARED FOR THE PLACEMENT OF FERTILIZED EGG; BREAKS ITSELF AND THAT IS WHY A WOMEN BLEEDS.

FOR A LOT OF PEOPLE TALKING ABOUT MENSTRUATION IS A SHAME. WHY SO? JUST BECAUSE A WOMEN BLEEDS? THERE ARE MYTHS AND TABOOS EMBEDDED WITH IT. PEOPLE MAKE WOMEN FEEL DIRTY ON THE DAYS OF THEIR PERIODS. SOME CONSIDER IT TO BE GROSS AND SOME IMPURE.

IN A COUNTRY LIKE INDIA WHERE WE OFFER PRAYERS TO MAA DURGA, MAA LAKSHMI AND MAA SARASWATI ; HUMILIATING AND RIDICULING A WOMEN ON SOMETHING THAT IS NATURAL AND GOD GIVEN, PAINS MY HEART A LOT.

WOMENS ARE STRENGHTH OF THE FAMILY, THEY ARE THE BACKBONE. SUPPORT THEM, LOVE THEM AND TAKE CARE OF THEM WHEN THEY NEED YOU THE MOST. STOP SPREADING HATE! THIS ISNT IMPURE. THIS IS THE REASON WHY WE ARE HERE, IN THIS WORLD.

WOMENS ARE PRECIOUS GIFT OF THE ALMIGHTY. RESPECT HER ALWAYS!

WHY TO START A BUSINESS

A few group are bound to be business visionaries. From the time they get past school, or perhaps before that, they’re ravenous to begin a business and lead it to progress, and they’ll persevere relentlessly to make that fantasy a reality.

Additionally, Starting an online business is the least demanding approach to produce a decent measure of pay. You simply need to zero in on your item quality, promoting procedure, and delivery administrations.

beginning a business is a startling, scaring thought. There are an excessive number of questions to dive in. However, in case you’re thinking about turning into a business visionary, remember every one of the advantages that accompany it:

1-Call the shots. No one else will set the principles. You are.

2-Set your own cutoff times. Not any more extremely late hurrying except if you need to do it.

3-Sell how you need to sell. On the web? Face to face? Inbound? Outbound? It’s your call.

4-Create your own current circumstance. You can set the custom and culture of your association.

Make occupations. Work on the economy with new position openings.

5-Help individuals. Use items and administrations to work on individuals’ lives.

6-Become a specialist. Get familiar with everything of your industry through direct insight.

7-Invest in yourself. You face the challenge, and you’ll acquire the prizes.

8-Make more cash. On the off chance that you need a salary increase, you can give yourself one.

9-Create a resource. Give yourself something sellable to support your wagers.

10-Connect with your customers. Fashion genuine, individual associations.

11-Delegate exhausting undertakings. Try not to do anything you would prefer not to.

12-You can quit working. Work you appreciate doing can’t be portrayed as “work.”

13-The ability to give. Have the influence and adaptability to give time or cash to noble motivations.

14-Have the alternative for numerous endeavors. Start another business when you’re finished with this one.

15-Gain innovative experience. Being a business person makes you a superior expert in practically any position.

16-Get perceived. Begin procuring name acknowledgment and construct a standing.

The magnificence of business is that it allows you to seize on the opportunity to settle on your own choices and control your own predetermination such that regular positions don’t. Also, in settling on your own choices, you can make your own reasons.

FEAR OF MARRIAGE

In Indian culture, marriage is very important to raise a generation.It is believed that the only goal of girls is to be married to someone .Girls only know one thing that they have to go to someones home after getting married thought to be a good wife, good daughter in law.
Just want their daughter to be good in their homes so that they should feel proud of them.Generally girls learn household work just only because one day they have to go to someones home as a wife and they have to do all those who work there

I think this thing is very wrong here if they have to learn household work then they have to learn for themselves then it is good. The first thinking of Gender inequality comes here in woman’s mind that the parents always forced them to do all these things just because they were female,. Why don’t they teach boys to do all those things?

It is changed in todays world but somewhere it is also the same as before.If boys just serve their own meal then a large argument starts in homes that why does their son serve their own meal. They have two sisters already.It is their job to serve everyone.

Just because of male dominance or patriarchal society. Women are not allowed to do what they like. Women are not allowed for studies just because parents think that if they study their expectations increases and parents faces many difficulties to discover a guy who is good for her.If women wants to go out of town for further studies they are not allowed just because of families in security or societal pressure at what if their daughters get attracted towards someone but why this is only for women? Men are always allowed to do what they want whether it’s a choice whether it’s the studies or whatever they want.It is all just due to thinking of everybody that girls have to do everything or they have to sacrifice their dreams, hobbies, likes and dislike just because they are female they have to go to someones home as a wife after marriage.

Just take an example – mom woke up early in the morning and from that time till late night they are busy in household work and It become daily routine because of this they forget how to enjoy their life.They sacrifice their dreams, hobbies, life for family. They don’t do anything for themselves because there has a lot of guilt attached with taking care of themselves, doing things for themselves. And we don’t even thinks about it. If we ask anyone Does your Mom eat something? Not only children her family members don’t know whether she take her meal or not.Just because we don’t notice this. why don’t we notice? It is just because of what we see from childhood.

In our culture, parents choose a guy for their daughters.How can two strangers live their whole life without knowing each other?

WEDDING MEANS LOVE, LAUGHTER AND HAPPILY EVER AFTER….

How can a normal marriage be?

All the proposal come through someone or other who tells the man’s family about lady or vice versa, then the man’s family would contact girl’s family or vice versa and then they ask for time and day to meet. Then match making occurs and then parents or family decide that both men and lady are made for each other.

Right???

Or what happens when this doesn’t work?

Women went through matrimonial hell. To meet random strangers and matchmakers, face a lot of judgements and criticism that leads to clinical depression and anxiety for them. They have to go through lots of rejection for just human beings.

How can anyone be judged by skin colour, body structure, body weight, height, & education?

And after all these women aren’t allowed to reject someone.If a guy is chosen by her family than women have to marry whether she wanted or not.

Everyone says women also have the right to choose their life partner, they are allowed to do what they want to do in their life. But in reality, just opposite is happening because we obey what parents want because this is what we see from our childhood.

It is not about matrimonial / marriage. It is about the Rights, wishes, likes and dislikes of a Woman who is been suppressed by either family or society. Just because of thinking…

Marriage is a very beautiful journey in everyone’s life. Just because of something we hate it or women thought that after marriage their life is going to hell. some women take it as a Golden cage or some take it as a most beautiful dream .so it depends upon how they think about it

MEANING OF MOTIVATION

Multicolored Bontainer

Kilimanjaro is a snow – covered mountain that is 19,710 feet high and is said to be the highest mountain of Africa ……. close to the western summit there is the dried and frozen carcass of a leopard . No one has explained what the leopard was seeking at the altitude.

– Ernest Hemingway

In the above passage , two points draw the attention of the reader . First, the behaviour of the leopard was purposive – that he was trying to find out something by climbing on the snow -covered peak . Second, to understand the leapord’s behaviour , we would have to understand his purpose – what he was seeking . But one thing is sure that there was some force of motivation behind such action . Motivation is the main determinant of an individual’s behavior . The term ‘Motivation’ is derived from the word ‘Motive’ . Motive is a combination of of thought , feeling or condition that causes one to act . Motive can be for a short period or can be for a long longer one . If a child takes a colourful ball , he plays with the ball but if , in the meantime , he is attracted towards the other colourful ball , or toy, then we say that his motive for the first ball was a short period . But if a player wants to win gold medal at the international level and he/ she works hard for years to get the medal , we say that his/her motive is for longer period .

Human behavior is controlled , directed and modified through certain motives . When a person feels hungry and searches for food , we say that he/she is motivated by his/her drive , i.e. biological drive . When he/she gets food and is satisfied , we say that his/her drive for food has been fulfilled .

Motivation is one of the main psychological factors which affects performance . Motivation means to be inspired to do something . The definition of motivation is to give reason , enthusiasm or interest that causes a specific action or certain behaviour . Motivation is present in every function of life .

The following definitions may clarify the meaning of motivation more explicitly .

According to Crooks and Stein,“ Any condition , that might energies and direct our actions” is called motivation.

According to Sage,“ The drive to strive ” is called motivation .

According to Alderman,“ Motivation is the general level of arousal to action in an individual .”

“Motivation is the inclination to persue and persist in activities related to one’s sports .”

PROPERTIES OF LANGUAGE

Language has a number of inherent properties or characteristics . These properties distinguish human language from any non-human communicative system.

1.DUALITY

Each language has a fixed number of sound units called phonemes. These constitute the system of sounds. When these phonemes are combined in a particular manner meaningful units called morphemes are formed . These constitute the system of meanings . Thus language has two levels of structure or patterning .The organization of sounds into two layers ,one of phonemes and another of morphemes is called duality or double articulation .In other words ,there are two sub-systems in any language, one of sounds and the other of meanings .Units of sounds are grouped into units of meaning. These units of meaning are grouped and regrouped into an infinite number of larger utterance. Animal communication lacks this sort of systematic pattern-making at the level of sounds and meanings .

2.CREATIVITY

One of the most important distinctive features of human language is creativity . Human beings use their linguistic resources to produce new expressions and new sentences. They arrange and rearrange phonemes ,morphemes ,words and phrases.to create new modes of expression . In other words ,a relatively small group of sounds is used to form hundreds of thousands of words ,which in turn can be combined to produce a virtually endless number of sentences. This property of the language is called creativity or productivity. Some linguists describe this property in terms of open -endedness because new items can be added to the already-existing ones in a language. Non-human communicative system is inflexible and invariable .It is a closed system .Animals cannot produce new vocal signals to communicate novel events or experience or concepts.

3.DISPLACEMENT

Language is characterized by displacement .Human beings can talk about real or imagined situations ,places and objects far removed from their present surroundings and time .That is ,human language is context-free .They can refer to past and future time and to other locations .This property of human language is called displacement .

4.ARBITRARINESS

Language is arbitrary .We can hardly find any natural or iconic connection between the linguistic form and its meaning .That is there is no direct relationship between the sound of a word and the thing or idea it represents .an element of arbitrariness can be observed even in the case of onomatopoeic words.

5.INTERCHANGEABILITY

Any speaker of a language is a listener too. He is theoretically capable of saying anything he is able to understand when someone else says it.

6.CULTURAL TRANSMISSION

We acquire a language in a culture with other speakers and not from parental genes. The process of passing on language from one generation to the next is called cultural transmission.

7.LANGUAGE IS HUMAN SPECIFIC

Human beings alone are endowed with the gift of language .The physical aspects of human teeth ,larynx and so on are not shared by other creatures and may explain why only human beings have the capacity for speech .

8.LANGUAGE IS A SYMBOL SYSTEM

Language is really a group of symbols .Words that constitute any language stand for objects or concepts. The word pen for example stands for a tool with which we write .Freedom is word that projects the idea of liberty. Language uses words essentially as symbols and not as signs for the concepts represented by them.

9.LANGUAGE IS SYSTEMATIC

Language emerges through combinations of sounds .Sounds are combined in a systematic order to make meaningful units called words .Words are put together in a certain manner to from meaningful utterances called sentences .

10.SPECIALISATION

The sound waves of speech have no function other than to signal meaning unlike , for example ,the audible panting of dogs ,which has a biological purpose

The Orphans of Romania

The standard of living for Romanian orphans is still problematic despite vast improvements since their conditions were leaked to the west after the fall of communist government 1899.

Under Nicholae Ceausescu, both abortion and contraception were forbidden. Ceausescu believed that population growth would lead to economic growth. Birth rates especially rose during the years of 1967,1968, and 1969.

This increase in the number of births resulted in many children being abandoned in orphanages which were also occupied by people with disabilities and mental illness. Together, these vulnerable groups were subjected to institutionalised neglect, physical and sexual abuse , and drug use to control behaviour.

“A disabled and orphaned Romanian child lies in his bed on November 24, 2009, at the Targu Jiu orphanage, southwestern Romania, after being transfered from Bilteni’s orphanage, which was considered to be the worst place for children under the dictatorship of former Romanian President Nicolae Ceausescu.”

The U.S. consul in Bucharest at the time, Virginia Carson Young, noted that many of the children were not actually orphans, but were infact children who had parents unable to afford such large families, with such a situation being created by the mandated natalist requirements.

The parents had placed them in orphanages,often with the intention of picking them up at a older age. There were a high percentage of Roma (Gypsy) children in the orphanages who were often left in an institution until they were old enough t help earn a living, and then parents would claim them again.

“At three weeks old, Izidor was abandoned at a state-run hospital for “unsalvageables” in Nicolae Ceaușescu’s Romania — left behind by his family because one of his legs was deformed. “

The orphanages which were for the disabled children, treated the children very badly in there. Those orphanages lacked both medicines and washing facilities and physical and sexual abuse if children was reported to be common.

Sometimes, the children were often tied to their own beds or dangerously restrained in their own clothing,because the staff had failed to put clothes on them,the children would spend their day naked and be left sitting in their own feces and urine.

They were abused by the nurses and the older children used to beat the younger ones. All children, including girls, had their heads shaved, with made it difficult to differentiate one another.

Physical needs were not met, as many children died of minor illness or injuries such as cataracts or anemia. Many would starve to death. Some children in the orphanages were infected with HIV/AIDS due to the practice of using unsterilised instruments. Also they have to shift themselves from one orphanage to another. It is estimated that about 500,000 children were raised in orphanages.

“Estimates say that under Ceaușescu’s regime, 170,000 babies, children, and teens lived in “child gulags” subsisting on thin gruel, often in filthy, horrific conditions.”

“Deprived of loving care of any kind, those that lived were often under-developed physically and mentally, and found it difficult to form attachments with other people.”

After the Romanian Revolution, the number of street children was very high. Some ran away or were thrown out of orphanages or abusive homes and were often seen begging, inhaling “aurolac” from sniffing bags and roaming around.

Along with fund-raisers, westerners and Europeans adopted many Romanian children after the exploitation of their conditions. However strict led prevented many adoptions and the process of adoption became complex. Because of the neglect the children suffered, many grew up with physical and mental delays.

Even after being adopted, children had problems forming attachments to their new parents. Additionally to physical effects , the legal attributes of being disowned include a loss of legal surname, in addition to first names being assigned as numbers. Young children brought to orphanages typically cannot remember their names and because of this are named by their caretakers.

“Like all the boys and girls who lived in the hospital for “irrecoverables,” Izidor was served nearly inedible, watered-down food at long tables where naked children on benches banged their tin bowls. He grew up in overcrowded rooms where his fellow orphans endlessly rocked, or punched themselves in the face, or shrieked. “

“Out-of-control children were dosed with adult tranquilizers, administered through unsterilized needles, while many who fell ill received transfusions of unscreened blood. Hepatitis B and HIV/AIDS ravaged the Romanian orphanages.”

WEBTOON WORLD

Webtoon is a webtoon publishing portal launched by Naver Corporation in South Korea in 2004. The platform is called Naver Webtoon in Korean, LINE Manga in Japanese, both Dongman Manhua and Webtoon in Chinese, and simply Webtoon in English, French, Indonesian, Spanish, Thai, and German. A lot of youth are now investing their time in reading these fun comics that are available in various genres.

Here are some of the webtoons that I am hooked on, with genres such as romcoms, drama, and slice of life!

1) TRUE BEAUTY

Thia webtoon covers a story of a shy comic book fan girl who masters the art of makeup and gain people’s attention by being named as the high school’s prettiest girl. Will this status be short-lived? How long can she hide her true face from the world? And what will she do when that cute guy falls in love with her?

2) AGE MATTERS

The story about a hopeless romantic who is turning 30 and is not very happy about it as she lost the first love of her life, to who she was engaged to. She meets a handsome CEO who is in search of a secretary and as days pass he starts liking her. Will they be able to write a new future together? Will they be able to get the best deals for the company?

3) TO LOVE YOUR ENEMY

Yeonhee Bae lies throught her life trying to hid her past and also some huge flaws. She starts fresh from college but there she meets a guy who happened to recognize her, who knows her past. Her hope of a perfect life starts to crumble. Amid college gossips, crushes, and jealousy, can the two set aside their differences and embrace each other for who they really are?

4) LORE OLYMPUS

Do you ever wonder what the gods do after the dark? Their is friendship with lies, the gossips and the wildest parties, and of course, a forbidden love. It turns out that the gods aren’t that different from us after all.This is one of the greatest mythology stories with unique art style.

5)I LOVE YOO

Shin-Ae wants nothing to do with people or romance as she is burdened with tons of pains and misfortune from the very start of her life. Even though her life was lifeless, it all turns crazy when she happened to ruin someone’s clothes at a party. Watch her life go on unexpected turns, with a bunch of cool friends that she always chills with.

Article by : Haniah Mirza

The fragile ecology of the Himalayas

On 7 February 2021 Uttarakhand’s Chamoli district experienced a disaster in the form of an avalanche when a small portion of the Nanda Devi glacier broke off. The sudden deluge caused considerable damage to NTPC’s Tapovan-Vishnugad hydel project and the Rishi Ganga Hydel Project. At least 72 people were confirmed to have been killed in the disaster. But this is not a new phenomenon and every year there are many reports of sudden deluge all across the Himalayan region.

The Himalayas has maintained the climate of the Indian subcontinent. Himalayas act as a barrier by diverting the monsoons to pour the rain in the fertile northern pains rather than to drift away to further north. Similarly, the mountain range also blocks the cold northern winds to reach the Indian subcontinent. The Himalayas all the way from Afghanistan to Myanmar with 110 peaks over 24,000 feet. They are also very rich in biodiversity and are the source of numerous perennial rivers and water bodies. Rivers like Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra that originate in the Himalayas are the lifelines of millions of people in the subcontinent.  

But in recent years, the Himalayan region has seen a drastic transformation with increasing population and deforestation. The Himalayas are still a very young mountain range and this means the region is not as stable as older mountain ranges. This is also the reason for the high number of earthquakes. There are many exploitative projects and resource extractions initiatives have are going throughout the region. The increasing influx of tourists in the Ladakh region which is increasing the pressure in the already sensitive region or the limestone extraction near Mussoorie which has transformed the surrounding lush mountain region barren and unstable are just some of the instances.  The cities located in the periphery of the Himalayas have started are also facing the same degradation problems in the plain region. Due to ever-increasing population growth, the size of cities is also increasing and this means overflowing garbage and drains. Unplanned growth of new settlements and uncontrolled tourism has only exacerbated this issue.

Photo by rasik on Pexels.com

Steps to safeguard the region

There is a need for safeguards on a national level that would help in preserving the fragile ecology of this region. First, it needs to be ensured that there is sustainable urbanization in the mountain habitats by town planning and adoption of architectural norms. Due to the sensitivity in this region, it is imperative that we have to control the growth of new settlements in the region and the existing settlements should be developed with all the basic urban facilities. Solid waste management is another area that needs to be the focus. Plastic bags use should be banned in all the towns and villages in the Himalayan region. Some states like Himachal Pradesh and Sikkim have enforced this rule but there are still many other states that have not fully implemented this rule. Pilgrimage is an important part of the tourism sector in the Himalayan region. Sustainable pilgrimage needs to be promoted and the inflow of pilgrims has to be determined according to the ecological capacity of that site. Roads are an essential node for the connectivity and development of a region but the construction of the roads and highways needs to take into account the sensitivity and fragility of the region as well. Environmental impact assessment should be compulsory before the construction of roads. Finally, environmental awareness needs to be propagated so that every individual can be empathetic and mindful of the dangers of environmental degradation. A coordinated effort will be essential between local cultures, local people, unions, and state governments to make this happen.

References:

http://www.ipcs.org/comm_select.php?articleNo=582

MAJOR CHANGES PROPOSED IN THE BUDGET 2021-22 (GST EDITION)

Today marks the 4th year of implementation of Goods and Services Tax (First implemented on July 1 2017) The Union Budget. There have been some major reforms in the tax system following its implementation. Refer to https://wordpress.com/post/eduindex.org/18254 for more detailed insight.

The Union Budget for financial year 2021-22 had been laid in Parliment on February 1 2021. To deal with Covid 19 induced lockdowns several mini budgets had been proposed last year. The PM said to refer this budget as an extension of previous mini-budgets.  Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman said that the Budget proposals for this financial year rest on six pillars — health and well-being, physical and financial capital and infrastructure, inclusive development for aspirational India, reinvigorating human capital, innovation and R&D, and ‘Minimum Government, Maximum Governance’. The budget was presented digitally for the first time by the first full time female Finance Minister of India, Nirmala Sitharaman. The budget made a statement that of all the structural reforms, the Goods and Services Tax has been the most iconic in our country. It has consolidated in itself several taxes and has been integrated the country economically.

The most effective gains were taken by the transport sectors. The abolition of check posts resulted in 20% efficiency of speed of delivery. There was a significant amount of increase in the tax filers as well. Significnt policy level changes have also been made. GST rate structure is also being directed to focus on issues like inverted duty stucture.

Let us take a look at some important changes in this session

  • Scope of term Supply enhanced: under supply come all the transactions which take place. It comes under clause 99 of Finance Bill. A New Clause (aa) under Section 7 had been made as to ensure levy tax on activities or transactions involving supply if goods or services for cash payments. These changes came into effect from 1st July 2017.
  • Input Tax Credit : New clause to sub section o of Section XVI of CGST act 2017 has been inserted to provide Input Tax Credit on invoice note. Invoice has been focused lot more in the new system of GST .
  • Interest on net tax liability: Section 50 of CGST Act 2017 provides interest on delayed payment of tax. Financial bill 2021 proposed to change interest on cash liability thus interest to be paid only on the part of debiting electronic cash ledger and not in ITC portion
  • GST Audit to be discontinued: The mandatory requirement of getting annual accounts audited in Section 35(5) and Section 44 on annual return is proposed to be substituted by a new section. There by removing the mandatory requirement of getting audited by specified professionals.
  • Seizure and confiscation of goods in transit are to be separated in the proceeding of recovery of tax. Jurisdictional Commissioner has bee empowered to call for information from any person according to section 151 and 168.
  • Restricted zero rated supply: Government will now notify the class of suppliers who can do zero rated supply on payment of IGST and the good will also be classified which the eligible zero rated suppliers can supply.

RAGS TO RICHES-KARSANBHAI PATEL

Karsan bhai khodidas patel is an Indian industrialist who is the founder of a Rs.42,500 crore nirma group, a company which majorly deals with detergents, cements and cosmetics. Karsan bhai patel was born in 1945 into a farmer family from Ruppur village, Mehsana, Gujarat. Karsan bhai completed his B.Sc in chemistry and he initially joined in a cotten mill as a lab technician in Ahmedabad later served for the state government.

He has an abaundant knowledge on chemicals and in 1969, he started manufacturing phosphate free detergent for domestic usage in his backyard. He named that detergent powder as “NIRMA” . He dedicated his time after the office hours to prepare and market the detergent. At initial stage this business was purely one-man-company.

Karsan bhai used to sell his handmade detergent packets door to door using his cycle. The hand made detergent packets were sold at Rs.3 per kg, which was one third of least priced compared to popular detergents at that time. This least price making strategy gave him instant success. At that time domestic detergent market was limited and mostly controlled by the top most MNC companies only but with entry of karsan bhai’s market strategy, nirma created a revolution in domestic detergent sector.

It made the best and environment friendly detergent than other brands and occupied the top most shares in the market with its innovative methods. With in a short span of time Nirma became the largest selling detergent company in India. Since, the industry was labour intensive nirma also builded a large scale of employment.

Now, the company was recognized as the 9th among the top FMCG brands in India as per the year 2002. In the year of 2010 Karshan bhai received “PADMA SRI AWARD” and in 2019 karsan bhai ranked with #30 by forbes magazine for the list of Indias richest persons.

CONCLUSION:

Finally, we can understand karsan bhai’s success story as a good source for marketing strategy because he understood the need and demand of the domestic detergents perfectly and he applied his innovative marketing formula strictly in his business and also he focused on the new technologies to develop his business as well and worked consistently to bag the success.

” SUCCESSFULL PEOPLE ARE NOT GIFTED BUT THEY DO HARD WORK TO ACHIEVE SUCCESS ON A PURPOSE “

Start from down and reach the up

Hello guys, today’s topic is going to be very informative.

“Start up ” have you ever heard of this
Word before? Even if you have never heard of the word start up many of us actually heard about those startups which are doing fantastic .

Start ups are the newly established business,by one or more entrepreneurs.These entrepreneurs set up business by taking financial risks .

Start ups are actually initiated by its founders based on an idea which has a potential to become successful and bring profits to the company .

Even though startups gives wings to an individual’s dreams it is not easy to create an impact with an startup during this tough competition era.

And while setting up an start up the individual needs to have necessary funds so mostly the start ups are setup by taking loans,or borrowing money from families,friends.

So generally startup are built around one main idea which can change the whole picture,which can create an impact in the industry.

Startups can become successful only when the foundations that is the base on which the company is started should be rock solid,their main aim should not change even though some alterations can be done .

As the company grows the more the need of funds increases so especially the risk of setting up a startup should be taken very seriously and the decision must taken carefully.

There are many thing that you need such as impressive idea,funds and trusted partners and sacrifice your time,health  for the wellbeing of the startup.

Start ups basis is believe ,the belief you have in your own self,your idea which is projected outside.

Entrepreneurs should have certain qualities that is needed for a successful startup so many institutions and universities are providing training for those who dream of starting their own company.

But in reality many startups that don’t stand a chance in the competition lack those qualities,they have the idea but cannot put into action,they cannot manage work as they have very little experience in this industry,they get swayed by others words and forget their whole main aim .

Mock startups are those programs where a student gets to experience the simulation of the real world.

Even the government entrepreneurship programs ,non profit entrepreneurship programs support many start ups They give guidance and even support them if the idea shows a potential .

Intellectual advisors ,hardworking staff ,investors who don’t mind to try risks for profits ,mentors who can guide you ,and great Teamwork makes the dream work that is it accelerates the growth rate of that start up.

Every start up has their own ups and downs but what is important is to never lose faith in yourselves and always hope for the best by putting out your best .

Startups don't have a instant success they to grow step by step and the more impact it has on the business industry the more it grows.

Some of the successful startups are

  • Ola
  • Swiggy
  • Zomato
  • Oyo
  • Flipkart

Every succesful company at present is a startup in the past and lessons should be learnt from those experiences

So always dream big ,work hard ,have faith,never lose hope ,never give up, and

“Learning from failures , paves the way to success.”

Thankyou^^