The Link Between Anxiety and Perfectionism

Everyone knows at least one perfectionist. They’re hyper-critical of their own work, almost to a fault. And according to a growing body of research, there’s a good chance they also suffer from an anxiety disorder. The very nature of a perfectionist makes them particularly susceptible to the illness.

Here’s what can be done about it: –

🔺on the surface, perfectionism doesn’t seem like such a bad thing. It keeps you focused and motivated. It also helps you consistently produce work of the highest quality.

🔺on the other hand, it also has the potential to wear significantly on one’s psyche. The impossibly-high standards perfectionists set for themselves can lead to a distorted sense of self-worth, in addition to high levels of stress. And that, in turn, can easily spiral into an anxiety disorder.

🔺It’s not just anxiety, either. Perfectionism has been linked to numerous other mental illnesses in medical research, including bipolar disorder, severe depression, and even suicidal ideation. In other words, if you’re a perfectionist and let your tendencies control you, they can literally kill you.



Worse still, there’s evidence that being a perfectionist doesn’t even afford you a significant advantage over non-perfectionists in the workplace. Per the Harvard Business Review:

“Our results showed that performance and perfectionism were not related to each other – perfectionists are not better or worse performers than non-perfectionists. Even employees high in excellence-seeking perfectionism were not better performers…taken as a whole, our results indicate that perfectionism is likely, not constructive at work.”

Scaling back on toxic perfectionism and setting healthy boundaries for yourself starts with understanding the source of your behaviour. As noted in health publication medical news today – which itself cited a landmark psychological work published several decades ago – there are three primary sources of perfectionism. These are:

 1◾Self-oriented.
You hold unrealistic expectations for yourself and are extremely critical of your own work. This could be caused by a negative experience at some point in your life, or simply a series of habits developed over time and linked to mental illness.
2◾ Socially-prescribed.
You believe that your peers are extremely critical and that you must be perfect in order to gain their approval.
3◾Other-oriented.
You set impossibly high standards for the people around you. This form of perfectionism isn’t exactly relevant to our discussion here, though it can occasionally overlap with one of the other two.
🔹Positive self-talk is the second step in overcoming toxic perfectionism. Understanding how your own tendencies manifest will help you structure it in the right way. Whenever a toxic belief or thought manifests in your mind, counter it with a positive one.
In other words, be compassionate towards yourself. Understand that your self-worth is not tied to your performance in the workplace or your ability to turn out flawless work. You have value as a person beyond your output.
And if self-talk alone isn’t enough to help you, know that there’s no shame in seeking help from a trained professional. Everyone could use therapy now and then.

MAHATMA GANDHI

Revered the world over for his nonviolent philosophy of passive resistance, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was known to his many followers as Mahatma, or “the great-souled one.” He began his activism as an Indian immigrant in South Africa in the early 1900s, and in the years following World War I became the leading figure in India’s struggle to gain independence from Great Britain. Known for his ascetic lifestyle–he often dressed only in a loincloth and shawl–and devout Hindu faith, Gandhi was imprisoned several times during his pursuit of non-cooperation, and undertook a number of hunger strikes to protest the oppression of India’s poorest classes, among other injustices. After Partition in 1947, he continued to work toward peace between Hindus and Muslims. Gandhi was shot to death in Delhi in January 1948 by a Hindu fundamentalist.

Early Life

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, at Porbandar, in the present-day Indian state of Gujarat. His father was the dewan (chief minister) of Porbandar; his deeply religious mother was a devoted practitioner of Vaishnavism (worship of the Hindu god Vishnu), influenced by Jainism, an ascetic religion governed by tenets of self-discipline and nonviolence. At the age of 19, Mohandas left home to study law in London at the Inner Temple, one of the city’s four law colleges. Upon returning to India in mid-1891, he set up a law practice in Bombay, but met with little success. He soon accepted a position with an Indian firm that sent him to its office in South Africa. Along with his wife, Kasturbai, and their children, Gandhi remained in South Africa for nearly 20 years.

Did you know? In the famous Salt March of April-May 1930, thousands of Indians followed Gandhi from Ahmadabad to the Arabian Sea. The march resulted in the arrest of nearly 60,000 people, including Gandhi himself

Gandhi was appalled by the discrimination he experienced as an Indian immigrant in South Africa. When a European magistrate in Durban asked him to take off his turban, he refused and left the courtroom. On a train voyage to Pretoria, he was thrown out of a first-class railway compartment and beaten up by a white stagecoach driver after refusing to give up his seat for a European passenger. That train journey served as a turning point for Gandhi, and he soon began developing and teaching the concept of satyagraha (“truth and firmness”), or passive resistance, as a way of non-cooperation with authorities.

The Birth of Passive Resistance

In 1906, after the Transvaal government passed an ordinance regarding the registration of its Indian population, Gandhi led a campaign of civil disobedience that would last for the next eight years. During its final phase in 1913, hundreds of Indians living in South Africa, including women, went to jail, and thousands of striking Indian miners were imprisoned, flogged and even shot. Finally, under pressure from the British and Indian governments, the government of South Africa accepted a compromise negotiated by Gandhi and General Jan Christian Smuts, which included important concessions such as the recognition of Indian marriages and the abolition of the existing poll tax for Indians.

In July 1914, Gandhi left South Africa to return to India. He supported the British war effort in World War I but remained critical of colonial authorities for measures he felt were unjust. In 1919, Gandhi launched an organized campaign of passive resistance in response to Parliament’s passage of the Rowlatt Acts, which gave colonial authorities emergency powers to suppress subversive activities. He backed off after violence broke out–including the massacre by British-led soldiers of some 400 Indians attending a meeting at Amritsar–but only temporarily, and by 1920 he was the most visible figure in the movement for Indian independence.

Leader of a Movement

As part of his nonviolent non-cooperation campaign for home rule, Gandhi stressed the importance of economic independence for India. He particularly advocated the manufacture of khaddar, or homespun cloth, in order to replace imported textiles from Britain. Gandhi’s eloquence and embrace of an ascetic lifestyle based on prayer, fasting and meditation earned him the reverence of his followers, who called him Mahatma (Sanskrit for “the great-souled one”). Invested with all the authority of the Indian National Congress (INC or Congress Party), Gandhi turned the independence movement into a massive organization, leading boycotts of British manufacturers and institutions representing British influence in India, including legislatures and schools.

After sporadic violence broke out, Gandhi announced the end of the resistance movement, to the dismay of his followers. British authorities arrested Gandhi in March 1922 and tried him for sedition; he was sentenced to six years in prison but was released in 1924 after undergoing an operation for appendicitis. He refrained from active participation in politics for the next several years, but in 1930 launched a new civil disobedience campaign against the colonial government’s tax on salt, which greatly affected Indian’s poorest citizens.

A Divided Movement

In 1931, after British authorities made some concessions, Gandhi again called off the resistance movement and agreed to represent the Congress Party at the Round Table Conference in London. Meanwhile, some of his party colleagues–particularly Mohammed Ali Jinnah, a leading voice for India’s Muslim minority–grew frustrated with Gandhi’s methods, and what they saw as a lack of concrete gains. Arrested upon his return by a newly aggressive colonial government, Gandhi began a series of hunger strikes in protest of the treatment of India’s so-called “untouchables” (the poorer classes), whom he renamed Harijans, or “children of God.” The fasting caused an uproar among his followers and resulted in swift reforms by the Hindu community and the government.

In 1934, Gandhi announced his retirement from politics in, as well as his resignation from the Congress Party, in order to concentrate his efforts on working within rural communities. Drawn back into the political fray by the outbreak of World War II, Gandhi again took control of the INC, demanding a British withdrawal from India in return for Indian cooperation with the war effort. Instead, British forces imprisoned the entire Congress leadership, bringing Anglo-Indian relations to a new low point.

Partition and Death of Gandhi

After the Labor Party took power in Britain in 1947, negotiations over Indian home rule began between the British, the Congress Party and the Muslim League (now led by Jinnah). Later that year, Britain granted India its independence but split the country into two dominions: India and Pakistan. Gandhi strongly opposed Partition, but he agreed to it in hopes that after independence Hindus and Muslims could achieve peace internally. Amid the massive riots that followed Partition, Gandhi urged Hindus and Muslims to live peacefully together, and undertook a hunger strike until riots in Calcutta ceased.

In January 1948, Gandhi carried out yet another fast, this time to bring about peace in the city of Delhi. On January 30, 12 days after that fast ended, Gandhi was on his way to an evening prayer meeting in Delhi when he was shot to death by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu fanatic enraged by Mahatma’s efforts to negotiate with Jinnah and other Muslims. The next day, roughly 1 million people followed the procession as Gandhi’s body was carried in state through the streets of the city and cremated on the banks of the holy Jumna River.

Vedas and Upanishads

The Vedas are the oldest religious texts of the Hindus. Vedas are regarded as the world’s oldest piece of literature. It is believed that the Veda have composed several thousands of years ago. They were written down by several seers known as “Rishis” in the Hindu tradition. The Vedas were composed in Sanskrit and contain hymns describing the glories of God. They include material, religious, and spiritual knowledge.

The term veda means “knowledge” in that they are thought to contain the fundamental knowledge relating to the underlying cause of, function of, and personal response to existence. They are considered among the oldest, religious works in the world. They are commonly referred to as “scripture”, which is accurate in that they can be defined as holy writ concerning the nature of the Divine. 

Unlike the scriptures of other religions, however, the Vedas are not thought to have been revealed to a certain person or persons at a specific historical moment; they are believed to have always existed and were apprehended by sages in deep meditative states at some point prior to c. 1500 BCE but precisely when is unknown. The Vedas existed in oral form and were passed down from master to student for generations until they were committed to writing between c. 1500 – c. 500 BCE (the so-called Vedic Period) in India. They were carefully preserved orally as masters would have students memorize them forwards and backwards with emphasis on exact pronunciation in order to keep what was originally heard intact.

The Vedas are therefore regarded as Shruti in Hinduism meaning “what is heard” as contrasted with other texts designated Smritis (“what is remembered”), accounts of great heroes and their struggles in works such as the Mahabharat, Ramayan, and Bhagvat Gita (although some sects of Hinduism regard the Bhagavat Gita as Shruti). The texts which make up the Four Vedas are:

1. Rig Veda 2.Yajur Veda 3.Sama Veda 4.Atharva Veda

The Rig Veda is the oldest and the Sama Veda and Yajur Veda draw from it directly while the Atharva Veda takes a different course. All four, however, maintain the same vision, and the Upanishads for each of these address the themes and concepts expressed.

Each of these is further divided into types of text included within them:

  • Aranyakas – rituals, observances
  • Brahmanas – commentaries on said rituals
  • Samhitas – benedictions, prayers, mantras
  • Upanishads – philosophical narratives and dialogues

The Upanishads are an assortment of texts central to Hinduism that are recorded from oral traditions. They contain information regarding the philosophical principles and concepts of Hinduism, including karma (right action), brahman (ultimate reality), the atman (true Self or soul), moksha (liberation from the cycle of reincarnation) and Vedic doctrines that explain Self-realization through yoga and meditation practices. Upanishad is a Sanskrit word that translates in English to mean “sitting at the feet of” or “sitting down near.” This illustrates the position of receiving wisdom and guidance humbly from a teacher or guru.

The Upanishads are the best known and most often read of the Vedas because their discourse is presented in dialogue/narrative form and they were the first to be translated into other languages. The four Vedas, conversely, are considered the literal sounds of the Divine which, when recited or sung, recreate the primal vibrations of the universe. Accordingly, they are actually impossible to translate and what one reads in a translation should be understood as a paraphrase at best.

The word Upanishad is usually interpreted as “sitting down beside.” This Sanskrit word can be broken down into three parts and translated as “upa” meaning near, “ni” as down and “shad” as to sit. 

The 13 Upanishads are:

  • Brhadaranyaka Upanishad
  • Chandogya Upanishad
  • Taittiriya Upanishad
  • Aitereya Upanishad
  • Kausitaki Upanishad
  • Kena Upanishad
  • Katha Upanishad
  • Isha Upanishad
  • Svetasvatara Upanishad
  • Mundaka Upanishad
  • Prashna Upanishad
  • Maitri Upanishad
  • Mandukya Upanishad

Their origin and dating are considered unknown by some schools of thought but, generally, their composition is dated to between c. 800 – c. 500 BCE for the first six (Brhadaranyaka to Kena) with later dates for the last seven (Katha to Mandukya).

In these sacred texts, we see an internalization of the sacrifice and worship extolled in the Vedas and a deeper understanding and exploration of the internal world of mind and spirit. Composed over several centuries and in many volumes, the Upanishads reflect a strong need to express and communicate the deep mystical states and spiritual contemplations that the ancient yogis experienced.

According to tradition, there were over two hundred Upanishads, but there are only eleven “principal” Upanishads, as commented on by the ancient sage Shankara. The texts are written in a passionate poetic verse describing mystical states and spiritual concepts or in descriptive short stories and dialogues between historical figures.

The teachings of the Upanishads revolve around four primary spiritual themes. These four philosophical concepts are described in many different ways as they can be difficult to grasp. These main teachings are repeatedly reinforced in the texts of the eleven principal Upanishads.

  1. The first and most important is the realization that the ultimate, formless, and inconceivable Brahman (Godhead) is the same as Atman, as our internal soul. Brahman represents the entire universe, and the Atman is a little piece of that divine oneness that we contain inside us. This philosophical idea is summed up in the mantra Tat Tvam Asi (That Art Thou).
  2. The idea that the Atman is eternal, and becomes reborn over and over again is central to the concept of reincarnation that is taught in the Upanishads.
  3. This concept of rebirth is highly tied to the teachings of Karma: the future consequences of one’s current intentions, thoughts, behaviors, and actions.
  4. It is the accumulation of Karma that binds us to Samsara, the cycle of death and rebirth. To escape the endless cycle of Samsara requires one to attain enlightenment through the realization of Atman/Brahman. It is this state of Self realization that the majority of the Upanishads attempt to describe and encourage us to achieve through the yoga practices of meditation, mental discrimination, and mantra recitation.

 Spiritual concepts have exerted a profound influence on the development of Yoga, Hindu, and Indian philosophy. While the yogic practices taught in the Upanishads were primarily mediation based, these philosophical teachings will remain the core beliefs for all of the future developments in the many paths and practices of yoga.

A new membrane production could desalinate water with 99.9% efficiency.

According to the World Health Organization, more than 785 million people lack clean drinking water. Although 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered with seawater, we can’t drink it. Scientists around the world are working to find effective means of desalinating seawater at a low cost. Now, a team of Korean scientists may have figured out how to do it in a matter of minutes.

The freshwater necessary for most human activities represents only 2.5 percent of the total water available on the planet. Rivers and lakes hold only a fraction of them, but that is what life on Earth depends so much on.. Unfortunately, human activities are putting this vital resource under tremendous strain.

Diagram of the electrothreading device used to make this membrane from nanofibres.

It is hardly surprising that desalination of seawater is the easiest way to address this issue. But these processes have their limitations. One such limitation is membrane wetting.  Wetting the membrane pores eliminates dry pathways where contaminants, like particles, gels, or bubbles could pass through, resulting in high defect levels in your process. Polymer membranes are natively hydrophobic or hydrophilic.

•           Hydrophobic – having a natural aversion to water

•           Hydrophilic – having a natural affinity to water

If a membrane is hydrophobic, it is difficult to wet with water. This results in a high contact angle, or a very round bead of water sitting on top of the membrane. If a membrane is hydrophilic, it is easily wet with water, and the water will penetrate the pores of the membrane.

When using membranes to filter seawater, the membrane must remain dry for long periods. If the membrane becomes moist, the filtration process becomes inefficient and permits large quantities of salt to pass through the membrane. For long-term operations, progressive membrane wetting has been observed regularly, which be resolved by changing the membrane.

Researcher Yunchul Woo and his team at the Korea Institute of engineering and Building Technology (KICT) have now developed a membrane that’s less vulnerable to wetting and is stable within the future .

The membrane is formed of nanofibres that are fabricated into a three-dimensional hierarchical data structure , This was achieved by employing a sort of nanotechnology called electrospinning. Using this technology, the researchers were ready to fabricate a highly hydrophobic membrane — i.e. water repellent.

The hydrophobic nature of the membrane is valuable because it is designed to keep water molecules from passing through. Instead, a temperature differential is applied on both sides of the membrane which causes the water to evaporate from one end to the water vapor. The membrane allows water vapor to pass, which then condenses onto the cooler side. Called, membrane distillation, this is a commonly used method of desalination using membranes. Because salt particles are not transformed into gas, they are set aside on one side of the membrane, giving highly purified water on the other side.

The Korean researchers also used silica aerogel in their membrane fabrication process which further enhanced the flow of water vapor through the membrane, providing quicker access to desalinated water.

In tests, the team ran the new membrane for 30 days, and found that it still filtered out 99.99 percent of the salt after that time. That’s a far longer runtime than other electrospun nanofiber membranes, which the team says struggle to last more than 50 hours of continuous use before they begin to leak.

“The co-axial electrospun nanofiber membrane have strong potential for the treatment of seawater solutions without suffering from wetting issues and may be the appropriate membrane for pilot-scale and real-scale membrane distillation applications,” says Dr. Yunchul Woo, lead researcher on the study.

15 Mind Blowing Paradoxes

A paradox is a logically self-contradictory statement or a statement that runs contrary to one’s expectation. It is a statement that, despite apparently valid reasoning from true premises, leads to a seemingly self-contradictory or a logically unacceptable conclusion. A paradox usually involves contradictory-yet-interrelated elements that exist simultaneously and persist over time.

  1. Bentley’s paradox: In a Newtonian universe, gravitation should pull all matter into a single point.
  2. Boltzmann brain: If the universe we observe resulted from a random thermodynamic fluctuation, it would be vastly more likely to be a simple one than the complex one we observe. The simplest case would be just a brain floating in vacuum, having the thoughts and sensations you have.
  3. Fermi paradox: If there are, as various arguments suggest, many other sentient species in the Universe, then where are they? Shouldn’t their presence be obvious?
  4. Pinocchio paradox: What would happen if Pinocchio said “My nose grows now”? If Pinocchio were to say “I am getting sick,” this could be either true or false, but Pinocchio’s sentence “My nose grows now” can be neither true nor false; hence this and only this sentence creates the Pinocchio (liar) paradox.
  5. Heat death paradox: If the universe were infinitely old, it would be in thermodynamic equilibrium, which contradicts what we observe.
  6. Olbers’ paradox: Why is the night sky dark if there is an infinity of stars, covering every part of the celestial sphere?
  7. Bootstrap paradox (also ontological paradox): You send information/an object to your past self, but you only have that information/object because in the past, you received it from your future self. This means the information/object was never created, yet still exists.
  8. Predestination paradox: A man travels back in time to discover the cause of a famous fire. While in the building where the fire started, he accidentally knocks over a kerosene lantern and causes a fire, the same fire that would inspire him, years later, to travel back in time. The bootstrap paradox is closely tied to this, in which, as a result of time travel, information or objects appear to have no beginning.
  9. Schrödinger’s cat paradox: This is a well known paradox. According to the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, a cat could be simultaneously alive and dead, as long as it remains unobserved.
  10. Black hole information paradox: Black holes violate a commonly assumed tenet of science that information cannot be destroyed.
  11. Temporal paradox: What happens when a time traveler does things in the past that prevent them from doing them in the first place? 
  12. Grandfather paradox: If one travels back in time and kills their grandfather before he conceives one of their parents, which precludes their own conception and, therefore, they couldn’t go back in time and kill their grandfather. Don’t even think about trying this.
  13. Polchinski’s paradox: A billiard ball can be thrown into a wormhole in such a way that it would emerge in the past and knock its incoming past self away from the wormhole entrance, creating a variant of the grandfather paradox.
  14. Hitler’s murder paradox: One can travel back in time and murder Adolf Hitler before he can instigate World War II and the Holocaust; but if he had never instigated that, then the murder removes any reason for the travel.
  15. Twin paradox: The theory of relativity predicts that a person making a round trip will return younger than his or her identical twin who stayed at home.

Paradoxes are very interesting in their own way which sometimes lead to new ideas and many a time confusion. I hope you found these paradoxes very mind-blowing. Share this with your friends and enjoy the look on their faces!

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_paradoxes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradox

SAP

A Dual monitor setup

Systems Applications and merchandise in processing
SAP stands for Systems Applications and merchandise in processing. SAP, by definition, is additionally the name of the ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) software package in addition because the name of the corporate. SAP software package may be a European transnational, based in 1972 by Wellenreuther, Hopp, Hector, Plattner, and Tschira.

SAP, or Systems Applications and merchandise, may be a widely-used enterprise resource designing (ERP) software package SAP creates a centralized system for businesses that allows each department to access and share common information to make a stronger work atmosphere for each worker within the company.

What is ERP?
Enterprise resource designing, referred to as ERP, may be a software package application system that enables businesses to manage their primary business functions in one place. Sales, marketing, procural, human resources associate degreed different departments have the power to speak and set up with each other through an ERP. SAP may be a software package resolution that falls underneath the ERP umbrella
What will SAP do and why is it important?
SAP collects and processes information from all functions in a very business on one platform. SAP is crucial for several businesses as a result of it permits each department to speak with one another simply. The success of any organization depends on effective communication and information exchange between its functions, and SAP is a good thanks to support those efforts.

What square measure SAP skills?
Developing SAP skills will cause you to a competitive candidate if you’re applying at corporations that use enterprise resource designing software package. expertise and proficiency with SAP could even be a demand for a few roles. Here square measure many common SAP skills
Utilizing transactions having the ability to use transactions and computer file into the SAP software package will provide you with a bonus once applying for employment that needs you to be able to manage sales.

Reporting Understanding a way to execute reports will offer information that you simply, your manager or another department may want.

Accounting Knowing a way to use the accounting modules within the SAP software package will provide you with a bonus in a very finance or accounting job however may be helpful to any worker operating within the accounting department of a corporation.

Recruiting Understanding the recruiting modules of SAP software package will facilitate human resource professionals higher manage candidates and potential staff.

Management There square measure a range of management modules inside SAP, together with client management, project management, warehouse management, transportation management and inventory management. Gaining skills in management systems will provide you with a bonus once applying for a management position.

Communication one in every of the foremost vital aspects of SAP software package is that the ability to speak with different departments to stay a corporation running swimmingly. having the ability to indicate a recruiter or inquirer your understanding of communication among departments exploitation SAP software package will provide you with a bonus over different candidates at any job.

Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia Nervosa or eating disorder is a topic which is not discussed often but is worth knowing about. It is a mental condition in which person fears of being overweight or underweight.However it can effect people differently.

A person with anorexia nervosa will intentionally restrict their food intake as way to help them to cope up emotional challenges.This mental condition is said to be the result of excessive mental trauma where person fears of being not accepted due to obesity. Dietary restrictions can lead to nutritional deficiencies which can severely affect overall mental health and result in potentially life threatening complication.

The emotional and psychological challenges of anorexia nervosa can be hard for a person to overcome. Therapy includes counseling , nutritional advice and medical care. Some people may even need treatment. There are many myths about eating disorder. This can lead to false assumptions and affect person’s chances of seeking and getting help

Neoclassical poetry

New classicism refers to the habit of imitating the great authors of antiquity as a matter of aesthetic principle and the acceptance of the critical precepts, which emerged to guide that imitation. Up to the last quarter of 17th-century neoclassicism had little influence in England except for Samuel Johnson. No important writer paid strict attention to the rules humanist critics had formulated Dryden also produced all for love (1677) which has been called the only correct neo-classical tragedy in English, but the fashion was outdated.

    The usual excuse of rules was that they helped writers to be true to nature. Alexander Pope wrote, those rules of old discovered not devis’d, Are Nature still but Nature methodized, and implicit in his view was the assumption that ‘nature’ consisted in what was generally true. Following the list of ideas and characteristics as mentioned by M. H. Abrams was shared, between 1660 and late 1700 by authors such as John Dryden, Alexander Pope, Joseph Addison, Jonathan Swift, Samuel Johnson, Oliver Goldsmith, and Edmund Burke. These may serve as an introductory sketch of some prominent features of new classic literature.

    These authors exhibit a strong traditionalism which was often joined to a distrust of radical innovation and was evidenced above all in their great respect for classical writers. Literature was convinced to be primarily an ‘art’ that is a set of skills, which though it requires innate talent, must be perfected by long study and practice, and consist mainly in the deliberate adaptation of known and tested means of the achievements of foreseen ends upon the audience of readers.

    Human beings as an integral part of a social organization were regarded as the primary subject matter of literature. Poetry was held to be an imitation of human life- is a common phrase a mirror helps us to nurture. And by the human action it imitates, and the art form it gives to the imitation. Poetry is designed to yield both instruction and aesthetic pleasure to the people who read it. Not art for art’s sake but art for humanity sake was the central idea of neo-classic Humanism

    Both in the subject matter and the appeal of art, emphasis was placed on what human beings possess in common. Neo-classic writers viewed human beings as the limited agent who ought to set themselves only accessible goals. Many of the great works of the period satiric and didactic, attack human pride.

    360 Wander Writer

    Welcome to World History

    July 4 is the 185th day of the year (186th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 180 days remain until the end of the year

    4th of July in American history

    Its the Independence day and the day of celebration for America. It is remarked on the year of 1776 during which the US got its independence from the great Britain. Its the day that represents the country’s liberations from Britain , giving them their rights ,liberty and their happiness. On this day all states in and around of USA celebrate the joy of independence with the fireworks, which is one of the largest display works. It is a day of federal holiday in united states. The Continental Congress declared that the thirteen American colonies were no longer subject to the monarch of Britain King George III and were now united ,free and independent states. Independence is not free of cost . As usual it has to pay for it. A revolt  broke out in April 1775, which sparkled the fire of independence.

    And finally after the revolutionary Americans continued to commemorate Independence Day every year, in celebrations that allowed the new nation’s emerging political leaders to address citizens and create a feeling of unity.

    4th of July in Indian history

    Freedom is not given; it’s taken 

    – Netaji Bose

     In the year of 1947 the “Indian Independence Bill” is presented before the British House of Commons, proposing the independence of the Provinces of British India into two sovereign countries: India and Pakistan .

    In the year 1789 an Agreement made between British East India Company, Peshwa of Pune and Nizam of Hyderabad to attack Tipu Sultan territory.

    In the year of 1966 the Press Council of India was first constituted on 4th July, as an autonomous, statutory, quasi-judicial body, with Shri Justice J R Mudholkar, then a Judge of the Supreme Court, as Chairman under The Press Council Act, 1965.

    In the year of 1999 India Army recaptured Tiger Hill.


    Detail facts about Cafe and some kolkata’s famous theme based cafe

    What is cafe?

    A café is sometimes called a coffeehouse or a coffee shop or tea shop in English, a café in French and a bar in Italian. But a café is a type of restaurant which typically serves coffee and tea, in addition to light refreshments such as baked goods or snacks. The term “café” comes from the French word meaning “coffee”.

    A café setting is known as a casual social environment where you can find people reading newspapers and magazines, playing board games, studying or chatting with others about current events. It is known also regarded as a place where information can be exchanged.In some countries, cafés are designed to more closely resemble restaurants whereby offering a range of hot meals and possibly licensed to serve alcohol.

    What is ‘Internet Cafe’?

    A new type of café, known as the Internet café, was introduced in the 1990s and went hand in hand with the rising prevalence of computers in society. Computers and Internet access in a contemporary atmosphere created a youthful, modern public space compared to existing locales including traditional bars and old-fashioned diners.More recently alongside the growing popularity of geek and gaming culture, gaming cafés have also begun to open in cities worldwide. Nowadays, many cafés offer public wireless Internet or even have computers, telephones, and newspapers for customer use.

    Why Are Café Chains Performing So Well in India?

    Rising middle class, growing brand awareness, and the availability of international experiences at home are fuelling the coffee culture in India. Luxury, comfort, and status symbol are significant factors driving the café chain boom in Indian cities. Clean washrooms, conducive sitting spaces, Wi-Fi, and electricity sockets are active ingredients contributing to the phenomenal growth saga of café chains in the country.While today’s cafés are popular with youngsters and college goers too, these people are decidedly more ‘hip’ and ‘cool’ compared to their older generations. They are looking for more variety in their coffee and an Instagram worthy ambience and décor. For instance, decades ago, Kolkata’s iconic Indian Coffee House was a hot-spot for students from nearby schools and colleges, academicians, and intellectuals. It was more about the ‘addas’ and debates one could have with their friends, peers, or seniors on topics ranging from cinema, football, literature, and art to politics and global issues.

    Entry of the Game Changer

    The entry of Café Coffee Day in 1996 transformed the beverage experienced in posh, 5-star setting into a people’s drink, observes Cafespaces —a blog run by the research team at Centre for Business in Society at Coventry University. One of their posts mentions Café Coffee Day or CCD (as it’s better known as) as the market leader with 46 percent of the market share in India, vending over 100 million cups every day through 1,538 outlets and 31,500 coffee machines across 219 Indian cities. CCD is without a doubt the game-changer, a pioneer of coffee culture in India.

    What Has World’s Biggest Coffee Chain “Starbucks” in Store for India?

    Coffee consumption in India has grown by 40 percent over the past decade, a golden opportunity that Seattle-based global coffeehouse chain Starbucks aims to leverage. The joint venture kick-started with the launch of India’s first Starbucks outlet in October 2012, at Mumbai’s Horniman Circle.Now, Starbucks serves seven Indian cities — Mumbai, Pune, Hyderabad, Chennai, Delhi, Bengaluru, and Kolkata — with over 100 coffee stores. Starbucks outlets in the city of joy, Kolkata, reflect the iconic coffee heritage of the multinational brand. Besides these popular metro cities, the global café chain intends to expand its presence in fresh markets to introduce more Indians to the world famous Starbucks experience.

    3 famous theme based cafe in kolkata :-

    1.Tintin & The Brussels Club :- Hindustan Park, off the busy Gariahat junction, is such a typical old south Kolkata street, that you are bound to pull short as your eyes fall on a cut-out of Tintin and his dog Snowy standing against a tree. Almost immediately you notice the signboard, Tintin & The Brussels Club.Take the narrow lane that leads inside. On one side is a long poster with line drawings from the famous Adventures of Tintin comic series.

    Timing: Open every day, noon to 11pm. Advance booking recommended. They also have piano recitals on Saturdays.

    Contact: 9038766666

    2. Hobbits Cafe :- Located in a narrow lane not far from the Golpark roundabout in south Kolkata, the place was easy to reach yet far from the noise of traffic. The brightly painted exterior of Hobbit’s Café is a sharp contrast to the mute shades of residential buildings around it. A bunch of orchids hang from the heart-shaped window. Inside, it is low-roofed and small but not stuffy. Décor is minimal but enough to make a hobbit feel at home – framed quotes from Tolkien, a map of the Middle Kingdom painted on the wee door that leads to the kitchen, a bunch of creepers in a corner, the hint of an exposed wall (paper) in an alcove. A long sofa with bright cushions.

    Timing: Open daily, except Sunday; from 12.30pm to 9pm. Expect a queue during weekends and holidays.

    Contact: 9073643939

    3. Seven Kingdom Café and Grill :- The moment you walk into the Seven Kingdom Café and Grill, tucked inside a relatively quiet neighbourhood in Salt Lake, on the eastern fringe in Kolkata, you immediately know that it has been set up by a die-hard Game of Thrones fan.There are seven tables, each named after a house – Arryn, Baratheon, Greyjoy, Lannister, Stark, Targaryen and Tyrell. Dragons, maps and symbols adorning the walls. Flags. Portraits of the major characters. GoT theme music playing in the background. And there is the Throne, made of sharp swords with golden hilts and the bejewelled crown. A GoT fan is bound to feel at home here.

    Where: BH- 40, Sector 2, Salt Lake (Bidhannagar), Kolkata 700091; not far from the Karunamoyee bus depot or ask for the Kathgola roundabout. Wi-fi available.

    Timing: Open all days, 11am to 10pm.

    Contact: 9831178085/9064734123

    There is many more theme based cafe all around Kolkata. And those are the most excellence reflection of kolkata’s cafe culture. May you are from kolkata Or not but those cafes are must visit for you all.

    Post-War Japanese Cinema

    Because of the World War II and the weak economy, unemployment became widespread in Japan and the cinema industry suffered. During this period,when Japan was expanding its empire, the Japanese government saw cinema as a propaganda tool to show the glory and invincibility of the Empire of Japan. Thus,many films from this periods depict patriotic and militaristic themes.

    In 1942, Kajiro Yamamoto’s film Hawai Mare Oki Kaisen portrayed the attack on Pearl Harbor. In 1945, Japan was defeated in World War II, the rule of Japan by the SCAP(Supreme Commander for the Allied Forces) began. Movies produced in Japan were managed by GHQ’s subordinate organisation CIE.

    “Akira Kurosawa’s “Akatsuki no Dasso (1950)” was originally a work depicting a Korean military comfort woman starring Yoshiko Yamaguchi,but with dozens of CIE censorship, it became an original work.”

    The 1950s are widely considered the Golden Age of Japanese Cinema. Three Japanese films from this decade appeared in the top of sight and sound’s critics and director’s polls for the. EST film of all time in 2002. War movies restricted by SCAP began to be produced, Hideo Sekigawa’s “Listen to the voices of the sea(1950)” and other works aimed at the tragic and sentimental retrospective of the war experience, one after another, it became a social influence.

    The decade started with Akira Kurosawa’s “Rashomon(1950)” which won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival in 1951 and the Academy Honorary Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 1952, and marked the entrance of Japanese Cinema onto the world stage. The first Japanese film in color was “Carmen comes Homes” directed by Keisuke Kinoshita and released in 1951.

    ” The 1980s saw the decline of the major Japanese film studios and their associated chains of cinemas, with major studios Togo and Toei barely staying in business.”

    ” Mini theaters, a type of independent movie theatres characterized by a smaller size and seating capacity in comparison to larger movie theatres, gained popularity during the 1980s”

    https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-08-26-ca-475-story.html

    https://www.bfi.org.uk/lists/best-japanese-film-every-year-from-1925-now

    Members of vitamin B-Complex: Chemistry, Functions And deficiency

    vitamins are the substances that you need in your diet in small amounts to perform biological functions for maintaining normal health. During evolution the capacity to synthesis most of the vitamins was lost and hence humans need to obtain them from diet.

    vitamins are widespread in occurrence including plants and animals. Normally all foodstuffs contain more than one vitamin in them. Plants can synthesis almost all vitamins but animals can synthesis only few. Human body can synthesis vitamin-A from its precursor carotene and vitamin-D from UV light irradiation of ergosterol and 7- dehydrocholesterol. All cells of the body store vitamins to some extent and they carryout functions in very low concentration hence daily requirement is low. They are most effective when taken orally. Now vitamins are also synthesized artificially.

    members of vitamin b complex

    Vitamin B complex are water soluble vitamins. There are 8 members in the vitamin B complex family. They play crucial role in red blood cells synthesis. Even though the members are chemically distinct, they exist together in the same food.

    VITAMINE B1 ( THIAMINE ):

    It is a sulfur containing compound and partially heat labile. Presence of pyrimidine ring and thiazole ring joined is the prominent feature.

    Vitamin B1 is found in outer coat of rice and wheat. Yeast is also one of the good source. Whole cereals, pulses, oil seeds and nuts are also one of the source.

    It is essential for carbohydrate metabolism and convert them into energy. Thiamine pyrophosphate is the prosthetic group of enzyme participated in oxidative decarboxylation of keto acids. It is used in functions of muscle contraction and relaxation and nerve signal conduction.

    deficiency in adults results in beriberi. The main symptom of this is insomnia. In Wet beriberi cardiovascular system is affected and in Dry beriberi Central nervous system is affected. In infants it causes infantile beriberi.

    VITAMIN B2 ( RIBOFLAVIN) : Riboflavin contains isoalloxazine ring and rabitol- a sugar alcohol in its structure. It is stable to heat and acidic pH.

    It helps in releasing energy from proteins. It acts as prosthetic groups in many enzymes. It is important in electron transport chain, acts as antioxidant. It is also helpful in vision improvement. treatment of acne, muscle cramps involves vitamin B2.

    green leafy vegetables are the main source of this. pulses, egg, milk also contain this vitamin. Fruits and some vegetables contain it in moderate amount.

    Deficiency of vitamin B2 in humans causes oral facial and ocular lesions. It also caused hyperemia, hair loss and reproductive problems. In experimental animals deficiency resulted in growth retardation, cataract and corneal problems.

    VITAMIN B3 (NIACIN): Niacin is the derivative of two pyridine derivatives called nicotinic acid and nicotinamide. It is stable to heat and alkaline pH.

    This is found in legumes ,yeast, fish, whole grains and meat are also good sources.

    This also plays a role in converting carbohydrates into glucose. It also functions in fat metabolism. And functioning of nervous system.

    deficiency causes pellagra. In this disorder skin, gastrointestinal tract and nervous system are affected. Glossitis and stomatitis are also symptoms of niacin deficiency.

    VITAMIN B5 ( PANTOTHENIC ACID): Chemically it is amide of beta-alanine and dihydroxy dimethyl butyric acid. It is unstable to acid or alkali but stable to heat.

    cereals, legumes, meat, liver, milk and eggs are the good source f vitamin B5.

    It has a role in breakdown of fats and carbohydrates. It is important in red blood cell formation. It is a component of coenzyme A. It is required for the synthesis of phosphopantotheine of fatty acid synthase complex.

    its deficiency is rare in humans. But sometimes its deficiency symptoms may include insomnia, tiredness depression vomiting and pain in stomach area.

    VITAMIN B6 (PYRIDOXINE): Certain compounds derived from pyridine like pyridoxine, pyridoxal and pyridoxamine show vitamin B6 activity. These are stable to heat but sensitive to light and alkali.

    pulses, liver, whole grains and yeast contain adequate amount of this vitamin. Leafy vegetables, milk and eggs also contain moderate amount.

    Deficiency in children causes epileptic form convolutions. Growth retardation problems also seen. Skin lesions are found. Microlytic hypochromic anemia is also a deficiency symptom.

    VITAMIN B7 (BIOTIN): It is a sulfur containing vitamin and consists of imidazole ring. It is stable to heat but sensitive to alkaline medium.

    Green leafy vegetables like cabbage, spinach, mint leaves, pulses, eggs and liver are good sources. Milk and cereals also contain adequate amount.

    Biotin is the prosthetic group of enzymes like pyruvate carboxylase, acetyl coA carboxylase etc. It is involved in carrying of carbon dioxide in carboxylation reduction. It promotes perfect functioning of nervous system. It is important for liver metabolism. Helps in strengthening of hair and nails.

    deficiency causes dermities , depression, muscular pain and anemia.

    VITAMIN B9 (FOLIC ACID): It consists of pteridine nucleus, para aminobenzoic acid and glutamate. It is sensitive to light and acid. But it is stable to heat.

    This is found in green leafy vegetables, Bengal gram, black gram and eggs, Coconut contains adequate amount of folic acid.

    It works with vitamin C in production of new proteins. It also helps in synthesis of DNA. It also acts as carrier of carbon units.

    In humans deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia, particularly in pregnant women. Bone marrow and intestinal cells are affected. Leucopenia, diarrhea and weakness are also some of the symptoms.

    VITAMIN B12 ( CYANOCOBALAMINE) : Cyanocobalamine is made made of tetrapyrrole ring system known as corrin ring with a central cobalt atom.

    Animal sources like kidney, liver, brain, fish and eggs are the good source.

    It helps in making DNA and blood cells. helps in the maintenance of body’s nervous system.

    weakness shortness of breath is of common symptoms of deficiency. It can also cause anemia and nerve problems.

    BYJU’S: India’s most valuable Unicorn.

    Photo Credits: BYJU’s

    What’s the business about?,

    BYJU’s is an Indian multinational educational company which was founded in 2011 by BYJU Raveendran and Divya Gokulnath. Today, it’s the most valuable unicorn in India and world’s most valuable technological educational company.

    History of BYJU’S

    In 2011, Mr. Raveendran and Ms. Divya Gokulnath founded an educational company with the help of their students which provided online video based learning programmes for students of kindergarten to Grade 12th.

    In 2015, with the help of Think and Learn Ltd., the business firm launched its first ever app named BYJU’s: The learning app. After that, in 2017, BYJU launched its second app for mathematics for kids and subsequently they also launched another app for parents to help them track their child’s learning course.

    Rose to fame: BYJU’s

    By 2018, BYJU’s had more than 15 million users and 9 hundred thousand paid users. In 2019, BYJU’s won sponsorship rights for Indian Cricket Team jersey. Popular Indian actors Mohanlal and Shah Rukh Khan are the brand ambassadors for Byju.

    Major Services provided by BYJU.

    Initially, educational content was only made for students from classes kindergarten to 12. But now BYJU also trains students for Indian competitive examinations like IIT-JEE, NEET, CAT, UPSC and it also trains students for international exams like GMAT and GRE.

    In 2019, the company announced that it would soon start providing classes to students in their respective regional languages in India. The same year it also announced the commencement of an international app for students living in countries outside of India.

    Byju’s also launched its Future School which is a Kids Coding Platform where kids are taught to code online by experts.

    The video tutorials in the app are about 12-20 minutes long and they’re digital animation videos for classes 4th to 12th and hence this makes it easy for students to grasp and learn.

    Road to most valued start up!

    BYJU’s has raised 350 million dollars from UBS, private equity Equity Giant Blackstone and also from Abu Dhabi state fund ADQ, Phoenix Rising and Zoom.

    Byju’s has raised over 1.5 billion dollars in last eighteen months because of the increase in online learning and teaching due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Byju’s has also acquired several other small business in the recent past like White Hat Jr, Scholr, Osmo and Toppr. In fact, it’s latest fundraising comes from popular educational chain, The Akash Educational Services, estimated at about 950 million dollars.

    According to Mr. Raveendran, the 21st century illiterates are not those who can’t read and write, but those who can’t learn, unlearn and relearn.

    How to W.R.A.P decisions in Life

    Every living being in this universe is subjected to make decisions for their survival – be it an ant and or a humpback whale. Fortunately, humans are the only beings gifted with the power of discrimination of understanding what is right or wrong for us and making a decision accordingly. Decisions can either be positive or otherwise but the quality of your decisions will determine how deeply they would impact your life.

    It's A WRAP - Better Decision Making

    Chip and Dan Heath, in their book ‘ Decisive: How to Make Better Choices in Life and Work’, talk about a Framework called W.R.A.P for making better decisions
    WRAP consists of four elements:
    W- Widen your options
    R- Reality test your assumptions
    A- Attain distance before deciding
    P- Prepare to be wrong

    Widen your options

    There is a misconception that having a lot of options can lead to confusion and is as same as seeing only the big picture. So, people narrow their frames of you and often lose possible options that could have worked better for them.
    You can start finding more options by creating a mindset where none of the options you are considering is available. What else can you do? Think about it and be surprised about how many new options crop up!

    Reality test your assumptions

    While encountering a decision-making situation, we all tend to select the options that support our preconceived beliefs and actions. But that might not work all the time.
    We can overcome this by seeking out relevant data that might redeem or discard the options at hand. Also, for example, if you have a piece of work or a product to be published you can sample your work ok for a response from a small group first instead of jumping right into the market. Reason out to yourself why you would want to make a particular choice.

    Attain distance before deciding

    We often let our short-term emotions cloud our rationality and take hasty decisions. It is imperative to have a well-settled mind before making an important life decision.
    Try broadening your point of view. Ask yourself what a reliable third person would do in such circumstances- step into your friend’s shoes or think like someone who you look up to. This can give you a fresh perspective of the situation at hand and make you take a better decision.

    Prepared to be wrong

    Voice Blog: In Order To Be Original, Prepare to Be WRONG - Ben Francia

    We predict a lot in our life. What if a decision that you made is based on such predictions and things actually don’t turn up the way you wanted? What then? You should be ready to acknowledge the decision’s flaw.
    Think about working back from a possible future. For example, suppose your work has been published and was poorly received. Think about how the work could have been made better so that you really don’t have to face that situation. Come up with backup ideas that can act like your ‘insurance’ and protect you in case things go the other way.

    The next time when you faced a situation, remember that the process is as important as the decision itself. You are the master of your life- so make sure that the decision you made don’t make your life different from what you wanted.
    Trust the process!