Category: News

Comprehensive, up-to-date news coverage, aggregated from sources all over the world by EduindexNews.

Alexa development

The Alexa Skills Kit (ASK) could be a computer code development framework that allows you to make content, known as skills. Skills area unit like apps for Alexa. With AN interactive voice interface, Alexa provides users a hands-free thanks to act along with your talent.

How to Build Your initial Alexa Skill:
Step 1: style Your Voice expertise
After you have created your Alexa developer account, you’ll be tempted to begin tinkering with the Alexa Skills Kit. whereas it’s nice to possess your account up and running, the primary step to make a talent does not truly need any tools at all! that is as a result of you ought to style the expertise before you build it.

The a lot of thought and energy you set into developing your voice plan and planning the expertise, the a lot of palmy it’ll be. the look method will take many hours or many weeks—it depends on the dimensions and quality of your vision.
Step 2: Build Your Voice interface within the Alexa Developer Console
After you have designed the expertise, it is time to begin building. You’ll use the Alexa Developer Console to make the voice interface model, or VUI. this can be additionally called your side interface or what your users can act with after they use your talent.

Step 3: Build Your backside to Power Your talent
When you use a web site or AN application, there is a heap happening within the background that you simply cannot see. The front-end interface is cut loose, however connected to, a backside that the user solely experiences indirectly. Most of the utility of the positioning or app truly happens within the backside and is then shown or delivered within the side.

Step 4: check and Optimize
If you wish your talent to achieve success, you will need to check it. There area unit 2 basic classes of testing: useful and user expertise. Functionally, you will need to place your talent through its paces. you’ll be wanting to try and do this each in preparation for commercial enterprise and over time when your talent is free to the planet. For user expertise testing, you’ll be wanting to watch and collect feedback on ways in which to enhance the interaction between your talent and therefore the people that area unit victimisation it.

Step 5: Submit, Get Certified, and Publish
Like you, Amazon needs to make sure that the talents accessible to customers meet a particular quality bar. they ought to be participating and work the approach they are saying they’re going to. to make sure this can be the case, skills bear rigorous testing and certification before being revealed to the Alexa Skills Store

Node.js
An Alexa talent has 2 main components: a talent Service and a talent Interface. Your code is written in Node. js for the talent Service that lives within the Cloud (Amazon AWS, Lambda, AN HTTPS service). It receives directions to work out the actions to require in response to the user requests from the Alexa enabled device.

The developer console organizes talent building into the subsequent main tasks: Use Build to line up your talent, set up the interaction model, and specify the endpoints for your service. … Use check to check your talent with either text or voice. Use Distribution to preview however your talent can seem within the talent store.

Palaces in Udaipur

Udaipur also is known as the city of lakes is a city in the state of Rajasthan. it is the historical capital of the King of Mewar. The city was founded by Uday Singh || in 1558 when he shifted his capital from the city of Chittor to Udaipur. It remained as the capital of the city till 1818 when it became a British princely state and then after Mewar province became part of Rajasthan when India gained independence in 1947.

    • There are various places to visit in Udaipur. The city even has offbeat places to visit like Sahara a Pratap statue, a vintage car museum, etc. The city has a rich history and so are the historical monuments in the City.
    • Sajjangarh Monsoon Palace
      The palace is located on Hill Top overlooking Fatehsagar Lake. It is named Sajjan Garh after Maharana Sajjan Singh the palace offers a view of cities lake palaces and surrounding countryside. It was built to
      watch monsoon clouds hence appropriately it is popular as monsoon Palace. Previously owned by Mewar royal family is now under the control of the forest department of the Government of Rajasthan and has recently open to the public. Its builder Maharana Sajjan Singh originally planned to make it a
      five-story Centre the plan was canceled due to the premature death of the King. It was then turned into a monsoon Palace and hunting lodge. The best veg restaurant in Udaipur is Millets of Mewar, Jhumar
      restaurant.
      Udaipur city palace
      It is a palace complex situated in the city of Udaipur. It was built nearly 400 years ago with contributions from several rulers of the Mewar dynasty. Construction began in 1553 started by Maharana Udai Singh II
      member Sisodiya Rajput family. The City Palace Udaipur was built in flamboyant style and is considered the largest of its type in the state of Rajasthan. Rajasthani and Mughal architectural style providing a
      paranormal view of the city it is surrounding. The best place to eat with the family.
      Jagmandir
      It is a Grand Heritage Palace which was built in the 17th century redeveloped as a complete destination with an all-day Cafe stylish dining restaurants bars par corporate and luxurious Travelers celebrities from
      all over the world for home ceremonies parties and mega-events are shamelessly organized here. The palace continues to be in glamour for the exclusive regal experience. The best budget-friendly
      restaurant in Udaipur is Chirag rooftop restaurant, Khamma Ghani, etc.

    Indian Culture

    The word culture means the arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively. India is famous for the diversity of culture. Indian culture is the tradition of social norms, believe, politics, ethical value, artifacts and technologies that originated in or are associated with the Indian subcontinent. Indian culture, language   festival, religion differs from place to place because India has a big number of population. India-originated religions are Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, Sikhism and these religions are on the basis of god, karma etc.

     As a Indian I can say that this culture make the communal harmony. India, being a multi-cultural, multi-ethnic and multi-religious society, celebrates holidays and festivals of various religions. The three national holiday are the Independence Day ,the Republic Day and the Gandhi Jayanti, are celebrated with zeal and enthusiasm across India. There are many festival which are celebrated by various religion like Diwali which celebrated by Hindu, Sikh, Buddha. For Muslim the main festival is Eid. The Durga puja Which is the emotion of Bengali which celebrated in various side of the India. India celebrated many festival in the large number of diversity. The religion festival like Diwali(Hindu), Eid(Muslim), Christmas(Christian) are celebrated by all in India and govt also provided facilities to all the religions. Islam is the second largest religion in India and the main festival days are declared as holidays. Greeting is also a culture of India. Indian do the greeting during  Anjali, puja and pranama.

    Greetings include Namaste (Hindi and Sanskrit), Namaskaara/Juhaara in Odia Khulumkha (Tripura), Namaskar (Marathi), Namaskara (Kandana), Namaskaram (Telegu, Malaylam), Vanakkam (Tamil), Nomoshkaar (Bengali), Nomoskar (Assamism), Aadab (Urdu), and Sat Shri Akal (Panjabi) are some famous greeting in India.

    By dressing sense we can guess that from which part he/she came. The dress code are different for various part of India. Traditional clothing in India greatly varies across different parts of the country and is influenced by local culture, geography, climate, and rural/urban settings. Popular styles of dress include draped garments such as Sari and mekhela sador for women and Dhoti or Lungi or panche (in Kannada) for men. Stitched clothes are also popular such as Churidar or salwar-kameez for women, with dupatta (long scarf) thrown over shoulder completing the outfit.

    India taught Dance from various ancient book. According to Ragini Devi dance the inner expression and internal divine of man. Bharatanatyam is a very famous dancing step. There are  various dance steps like Bharatanatyam of the state of Tamil Nadu, kathak of Uttar Pradesh, Kathakali and Mohiniattam of Karala, Kuchipudi of Andhra Pradesh, Yakshgana of Karnataka, Manipuri of Manipur, Odissi (orissi) of the state of Odisha and the Sattriya of Assam.

    The various Architectures and wall painting is milestone for Indian culture. Some Architectures show the love of two person as example TAJ MAHAL. And for wall painting or cave painting famous is Ajanta Ellora cave. There are various evidence which proves that how beautiful our Indian cultural.

     To conclude it, I can say that there are various aspect for Indian Culture and these aspect by us but not everyone. Indian culture is very traditional and unique. But in this era some of our culture was ruined by us. But the harmony of India make the cultures more beautiful and enjoyable.

    Digital marketing

    Digital marketing

    At the present trend digital marketing is playing a very important and vital role in the fast growing economy. When we refer to the meaning of Digital Marketing it is the process or the nature of advertising which are being delivered and communicated through digital channel such as search engine, website, social media, E-mail and other mobile application.
    This digital marketing is one of the key to all top and growing companies which endorse goods and services and their brand to the customer end more effectively and that stays in the minds of the people for a long term duration. When we look on the nature and mind set of present consumer behaviour all the consumers and customers rely on the digital means to select,acquire and sell the products. The modern day digital marketing show enormous system of channel of distribution in  which the product reaches to the customer or consumer directly from the manufacturer by eliminating the middleman agent or the brokers.
    In order to onboard this brand advertising online is more complex than the channels alone. The companies in order to gain the customers and achieve the true potential of digital marketing marketers have to dig deep into today’s vast and intricate cross channel to discover strategies that make an impact through engagement marketing.
    By engaging customers in a digital landscape you build brand awareness and set standards to your industry thought leaders and place your business at the front when the customer is render and in need to buy the product. When we compare to the physical marketing and the digital marketing it is clear that for the up coming generation their will be only 20% of physical market operations as the digital marketing according to customer are more reliable,faster,easier and convenient.
    As digital marketing is the component of marketing that uses internet,data and online based technologies such as desktop, computer,mobile,phone and other digital media platforms to promote the product and services. As digital platform became increasingly incorporated into marketing plans and everyday life use of digital devices instead of visiting physical shop digital marketing campaigns have become prevalent, digital touch point with customer interaction as increased day to day with many times a day
    In order to utilise there channels you need to have the basic knowledge about Paid Search, Search Engine Optimization, Content Marketing, Social Media Marketing, Email Marketing, Mobile Marketing and Marketing Automation. 
    For a marketer to start digital marketing you should create a online presence,know the latest trends,use online your creativity, create a winning resume,get out there and network,learn about analytics and say Yes to anything.
    The main objective of digital marketing is enhancing brand awareness as B2B marketers now believe improving them which directs at increasing sales.
    The top digital marketing course with certification are Udemy Digital Marketing course,Simplilearm Digital Marketing course, Specialist  Digital Marketing course,Copy Blogger Online marketing course,Udalitu Digital Marketing course.
    Digital marketing is one of the most needed skills of today’s time and a career of digital marketing is highly lucrative if you play your cards right. 
          As the generation grows technology also grows vice versa.

     

    Swami Vivekananda: A Tribute to the Godly Figure.

    Swami Vivekananda as we all know was born on January 12, 1863 in Calcutta (present day Kolkata). Swami Vivekananda was never religious in his early life but was always interested in spirituality and meditation from young age.

    Swami Vivekananda got educated from Calcutta University and had keen interest in subjects like history, religion, social science, philosophy and like. Today, July 4 is his death anniversary and us know five important incidents from his life.

    1) Swami Vivekananda at Parliament of World Religions, 1893.

    Photo Credits: India TV

    Swami Vivekananda became extremely popular when he went to Chicago in 1893 for Parliament of World Religions where he represented India and Hinduism. He addressed Americans as “Sisters and Brothers of America” in his speech which led to widespread appreciation. In this event, he spoke about how the land of Vedas, Yoga and Saints has taught tolerance and universal acceptance to the world.

    2) First meet of Swami Vivekananda and Ramkrishna Dev.

    Photo Credits: Navbharat Times.

    Swami Vivekananda met his mentor Ramkrishna Dev first in Dakshineswar Temple in Kolkata where Ramkrishna Dev used to reside but their relationship began when they met at the house of Surendra Nath Mitra. Ramkrishna Dev asked Swami Vivekananda to sing and impressed by his singing talent Ramkrishna Dev invited Swami Vivekananda to Dakshineswar.

    3) Life in Dakshineswar, Kolkata.

    Photo Credits: Scroll.

    Swami Vivekananda’s constant meetings with Ramkrishna Dev became important and life changing moments for him. Initially, Swami Vivekananda was amused and nervous when he first interacted with Ramkrishna Dev. After giving many tests, Swami Vivekananda finally accepted Ramkrishna Dev as his spiritual teacher in 1882. He remained there until Ramkrishna Dev’s death in 1886.

    4) Enlightenment of Swami Vivekananda.

    Photo Credits: The Indian Express

    Swami Vivekananda once asked Ramkrishna Dev whether there’s any God or not (as Ramkrishna used to keep telling him about God ), to which Ramkrishna Dev replied “I am the proof that God exists”. After three days, Swami Vivekananda retuned to him and asked whether Ramkrishna Dev can show him God or not. Ramkrishna Dev asked a counter question that whether Swami Vivekananda has the courage to see God or not to which Swami Vivekananda replied “Yes”. After this, Ramkrishna Dev placed his foot on Swami Vivekananda’s chest and Swami Vivekananda lost his consciousness after that. He restored his consciousness after twelve hours but he was totally changed by then.

    5) Establishment of Ramkrishna Mission and relationship with Sharada Devi.

    Photo Credits: Old Indian Photos.

    Swami Vivekananda founded The Ramkrishna Mission on May 1, 1897 to honour and recognise the efforts and teachings of Ramkrishna Dev. Swami Vivekananda also had a very respectful and loving approach with Sarada Devi as he went to Chicago in 1893 only after taking her blessings.

    At the end let’s apply Swami Vivekananda’s words in real life and as Indians, we should always move towards social equality and individual freedom which were his primary teachings.

    SCHOOL LIFE

    “The most important day of a person’s EDUATION  is the first day of SCHOOL, not Graduation Day.”

    Meetali soni

    The school life is the wonderful period of our life. My school time is the only time when i enjoyed a lot. The students learns  a lot of things from the school environment including; patience, sincerity, loyalty, sincerity, friendship, discipline etc. The school is really an unforgettable account of our experiences.School plays an important role in widening the out­look of students. I get my favourite subject from school. School provides opportunity to the students to be disciplined. They show discipline in class room, playground, hostel, and library at other places.School is a meeting place of students and teachers. From here, a student learns how to adjust himself with the society at life.The school life is generally a period of youth. In school, all the students read in a spirit of togetherness.They read together, play together and sit together. In these days their minds contain some youthful dreams which come true as they grow in age.

    MY SCHOOL…..

    My school is the best school . It has two very large fields.my school also has a basket court where students practice almost every day.My favorite is the swimming pool which is quite big. So I never miss any swimming periods whenever I have any.

    My school is one of the most popular schools in town.My school building is very spacious and beautiful.My school has a huge playground where I can play various outdoor games.My school teachers are very kind and caring towards everyone.I have many friends at my school where we study and play together.We celebrate all national functions at my school with great pomp and show.My school has a huge library where we can read books.My school conducts physical education classes once every week.My school has a science lab which is well-equipped.I love to go to school because I learn new things every day.education is an essential part of our lives. We are nothing without knowledge, and education is what separates us from others. The main step to acquire education is enrolling oneself in a school. School serves as the first learning place for most of the people.. My school is my second home where I spend most of my time.

    BENIFITS OF SCHOOL …..

    • Learn basic skills. School provides an environment where we can learn a lot of basic skills. …
    • Gain knowledge. The world has an abundance of knowledge and information. …
    • Develop your talents. …
    • Learn from experts. …
    • Meet friends
    • When we get education in school….Healthier Lifestyle
    • Experimentation and Diversity are a Benefit of Education
    • Socializing and networking are Personal Benefits of Education
    • Pursuing Your Passion
    • Personal Development of Skills
    • More Employment is a Benefit of Education
    • Career Entry and Advancement.

    CONCLUSION…..

    The school life is the wonderful period of our life. My school time is the only time when i enjoyed a lot. The students learns  a lot of things from the school environment including; patience, sincerity, loyalty, sincerity, friendship, discipline etc. The school life is a preparatory stage for entering public life.School plays an important role in widening the out­look of students. Virtues such as perseverance, sincerity, truthfulness, tolerance, discipline and obedience developed in pupils. School provides opportunity to the students to be disciplined. They show discipline in class room, play ground, hostel, and library at other places.

    SCHOOL LIFE IS THE BEST LIFE ……..

    Thanks for reading……….

    Move forward!

    Hi there…there are many people who comes and go into your life and every man has a special role in one’s life. As we know that we are just the characters in the drama called life in which every person has their respective roles which they need to perform. But we too know this that in drama that every role has been to each character before the drama airs and script has been given to them.

    Does that mean we should not try?

    All tough we have roles prescribed for our drama called life which we are performing since the very moment we were born; thus, this means we should not work for our future, our goals, our desire, our dreams? Do we just sit on the sofa or on your bed and wait for everything to come to you without any efforts? No, we have to work hard to achieve it. Nothings comes to us without us doing any efforts.

    Example: –

    There is an upcoming drama, and you are given a role in it the shooting started and there you are working on it but not harder so after few days of shooting. With the unpleasant behavior of yours and by you not putting any efforts into acting the directors or staff members replaces you with someone who is much passionate that you and you were replaced by an amazing hard-working person.

    So by this I hope you understand that you were not working hard that is why you were replaced and did not got the chance to achieve what you were destined to just because you did not worked for it. And a better hard-working person has been assigned to achieve that goal

    Every person has the right to achieve that desired goal because once you try to achieve that goal whole universe will help you tend towards that goal.

    “When you want something, all the universe conspires in helping you to achieve it.” – The Alchemist.

    If you do have any desire to achieve something but you are not working hard to achieve that goal you wont be able to achieve that aim of yours because that has been taken up by someone else because there is too much competition in this world not because there are many ones who will snatch yours even if you are working hard but if you work hard you will get what you wanted no one else will snatch it from you.

    It is like: – It is said that your palms lines will show your future but what if someone does not have hands does that mean they do not have any future. No, it is not they do have.

    You are given this level of difficulties because you are capable to achieve by breaking those barriers in life and move forward in life happily.

    “If you can dream it, you can do it.” —Walt Disney

    “Where there is a will, there is a way. If there is a chance in a million that you can do something, anything, to keep what you want from ending, do it. Pry the door open or, if need be, wedge your foot in that door and keep it open.” —Pauline Kael

    Recommended books

    Top tourist destination in Andaman and Nicobar

    Despite having a frightful reputation during the colonial period, Andaman and Nicobar island is famous for its composed white Sandy beaches with glassy blue water. There are numerous untouched and unvisited places when it comes to nature’s beauty and Andaman and Nicobar is a perfect place for a nature lover.

    Havelock island
    One of the primary places to visit is Havelock Island. This is a beautiful and soothing shooting place. Because of its beauty and popularity, there are luxurious tourist resorts to pamper the guests who are living in the lap of nature. The Radhanagar beach which is on Havelock island is the most coveted destination in the world.

    Rose and Smith beach
    Rose and Smith’s beach is famous for lush vegetation greenish-blue water bodies with various beach activities. Lakshmanpur beach is famous as honeymooners beach because of its quietness. Couples are often seen beach strolling and sunbathing. On the other hand, we have lalaji Bay beach which is best for people traveling with children as it provides various beach activities. A perfect holiday destination with family.

    Viper island
    Viper island is one of the major attractions of tourists as it has various ancient buildings, hilltops, gallows. The cellular jail one of the major attractions as it stands as heritage and even as a reminder of the Independence struggle of India is on viper island.

    Willing for a break from the hectic schedule of urban lifestyle then one should visit Andaman and Nicobar island for recreation. It is a pack of amusement, thrill, historical monuments.

    Water Resource

    Water is the precious gift of nature to humankind and millions of other species living on the earth.

    Tamil Nadu constitutes 4% of India’s land area and is inhabited by 6% of India’s water resources.More than 95% of the surface water and 80% of the ground water have already been put into use Major uses of water include human/animal consumption, irrigation and industrial use.The state is heavily dependent on monsoon rains.The annual average rainfall is around 930mm(47% during the northeast monsoon.35% during the southwest monsoon.14% in summer and 4% in winter).

    Surface water resources and numbers

    River Basin – 17
    Reservoirs – 81
    Tanks – 41,127
    Tube wels and other wells – 4,98,644
    Open wells – 15,06,919
    Total (Million cubic metres) – 2946788MCM
    Source:statistical handbook of Tamil Nadu – 2017

    Multipurpose River Valley projects

    Multipurpose River Valley projects are basically designed for the development of irrigation for agriculture and hydropower generation.However ,they are used for many other purposes as well.

    Mettur Dam

    The Mettur Dam was constructed in a gorge ,where river cauvery enters the plains.It is one of the oldest dam in India .It provides irrigation to Salem,Erode ,Karur, Tiruchirappalli, Thanjavur,Tiruvarur and Nagapattinam districts for about 2,71,000 acres of farmland.The dam,Park,major Hydroelectric power stations and hills on all sides make this dam an important tourist spot.

    Bhavani Sagar Dam

    The Bhavani Sagar Dam is located 80km away from Coimbatore city in the district of Erode.It has been constructed across the river Bhavani.This dam is one of the biggest earthen dams in the country.

    Amaravathi Dam

    The Amaravathi dam is situated 25km away from Udumalpet in Tirupur district.The dam has been constructed across the river Amaravathi,a tributary of Cauvery.The dam was built primarily for irrigation and flood control.A small hydropower station has also been installed recently.This reservoir is notable for the significant population of mugger Crocodiles.It is also a familiar tourist spot.

    Krishnagiri Dam

    Krishnagiri dam is situated at a distance of 7km from Krishnagiri towards Dharmapuri.This dam drains an area of 5428 sq.km.This is a famous tourist spot too.This dam is flooded with tourists during the weekends.

    Sathanur Dam

    Sathanur Dam was constructed across the river Thenpennai in Chengam taluk.It is in the midst of Chennakesava hills.The water -holding capacity of the dam is 7321 million cubic feet(full level:119 feet).About 7183 hectares of land is drained by the left bank canal and 905 hectares by the right bank canal of this dam.It irrigates the land in Thandrampet and Tiruvannamalai blocks.There is also a large crocodile farm and a fish grotto.Parks are maintained inside the dam for tourists and the gardens are used by the film industry.

    Mullaperiyar Dam

    Mullaperiyar dam was built by the British administration in 1895.It has been constructed on the Periyar river,which originates from Thekkady hills of Kerala.The dam was built mainly for watering the farming land of Tamilnadu ,which is perennially drought-prone.Though the dam is located in the state of Kerala,most of its water is used to irrigate Tamil Nadu.The dam is 175feet in height and 1200 feet.

    Construction of Mullaiperiyar Dam

    Vaigai Dam

    This dam bulit across the river vaigai nera Andipatti.The dam with a height of 111 feet can store water up to 71 feet.It is located 7km from Andipatti and 70km from Madurai.This dam has a unique garden that deserves the surname ‘Little Brindavan’.It is a popular picnic spot in Theni district.

    Manimuthar Dam

    Manimuthar Dam is located about 47km from Tirunelveli.The gorgeous garden of the dam is located about 5km from the dam and is accessible boating and waterfalls are additional tourist attractions near the dam.

    The Papanasam Dam

    It is also known as karaiyar dam and is located about 49km away from Tirunelveli.The dam is used to irrigate 34,861 hectares of land in Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi districts.It generates 28MW of hydro power.

    Parampikulam Aliyar project

    It is a joint venture of Tamil Nadu and Kerala states.It envisages the construction of seven interconnected reservoirs by harnessing the water of seven rivers,which include major rivers of parambikulam and Aliyar.Parappalar project is located nera Ottanchatram.Its stroage capacity is 167 million cubic feet of water.It is about 75km from Madurai and is in Palani taluk.

    Surface water Resources

    The total surface water potential of the state is about 24,864 mcm.(million cubic metre).There are 17 major river basins in the state with 81 reservoirs and about 41,262 tanks.Most of the surface water ha already been tapped, primarily for irrigation, where water use is largest.An area of 24 lakh hectraes of the land are irrigated by surface water though major,medium an minor schemes.

    Ground water Resources

    The utilizable groundwater resource of the state is 22,423 mcm.The current level of utilization of water is about 13,558 mcm which is about 60 percent of the available recharge,while about 8875mcm(40 percent)is the balance available for use.

    Water Resource Management

    Water resource management is the activity of planning,developing,distributing and managing the optimum use of water resources.The demand for water in Tamil Nadu is increasing at a fast rate both due to increasing population and also due to larger per capita needs triggered by economic growth.The per capita availability of water resources is just 900 cubic metres when compared to the nationl average of 2,200 cubic metres.Agriculture is the largest consumer of water in the state using 75% of the state’s water resources.Demands from other sectors such a domestic and industries have been growing significantly.The state is heavily dependent on monsoon rains.Dince the state is entirely dependent on rains for recharging its water resources,monsoon failures lead to acute water scarcity and severe droughts .So,it is important to save water for us and the future generation.

    BALANCED DIET

    Balanced Diet - Components, Types & Benefits - Safar Medical

    No doubt that everyone wants to remain fit and healthy . Food and nutrition play a very vital role in our growth and development . These are helpful for maintaining good health . The requirement of nutrition is essential for every individual but it is indispensable for the individuals who actively participate in games and sports . With the help of appropriate nutrition , sportsperson can enhance their performance . Even some supplements are also required to provide proper nutrition to sportsperson.

    Meaning of a Balance Diet

    A balanced diet refers to the intake of edibles which can provide all the essential food constituents necessary for growth and maintenance of the body , in definite amount in which they are required by the body .A balanced diet means eating the right amount of foods from all food groups .

    “A diet which consists of all the essential food constituents , viz., protiens , carbohydrates , fats , vitamins , minerals and water in correct proportion is called a balanced diet.”

    In other words , ” Balanced diet is that diet which contains of various constituents of food in accurate and appropriate quantity and quality according to the requirement of an individual .”

    A Balanced Diet – The Ultimate Guide - lyonsdenfitness

    In fact , every individual does not require same type of diet . The diet differs from individual to individual . The following points sum up a balanced diet .

    1. A balanced diet must contain all the essential constituents in adequate amount
    2. There must be definite proportion between the different constituents of food .
    3. The food should be easily digestible .
    4. Cooking of food is necessary because it sterilizes foodstuff and makes it palatable and easily digestible.

    Shyama Prasad Mukherjee

    डॉ. श्यामा प्रसाद मुखर्जी

    Shyama Prasad Mukherjee is an example of great leadership and political milestone. He was the independent India’s first Minister of Industry and Supply and founder of Bharatiya Jana Sangh. Shyama Prasad was a qualified barrister and was passionate about education.

    Shyama Prasad Mukherjee was born in a Bengali family on July 6 in 1901. His father Ashutosh Mukherjee was a judge of the Calcutta High Court. He started his initial education in Bhawanipur’s Mitra Institution in 1906. He passed his matriculation exam and was admitted to Presidency College. He stood seventeenth in the Inter-Arts Examination in 1916 and graduated in English, securing the first position in first class in 1921. He lost his father in 1924, the same year he enrolled as an advocate in Calcutta High Court.

    At the age of 33, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee became the youngest vice-chancellor of Calcutta University in 1934. During Mukherjee’s term as Vice-Chancellor, Rabindranath Tagore delivered the university convocation address in Bengali for the first time, and the Indian vernacular was introduced as a subject for the highest examination.

    He would have preferred to spend a lifetime in the hallowed portal of goddess Saraswati. However, the perilous political situation in undivided Bengal in the late 1930s compelled him to pursue active politics. Over the ensuing 14 years, he came to occupy an important place in national politics, wrote the Vice-President of India M Venkaiah Naidu in The Pioneer.

    Mukherjee demanded the partition of Bengal in 1946 to prevent the inclusion of its Hindu-majority areas in a Muslim-dominated East Pakistan. A meeting held by the Mahasabha on April 15, 1947, in Tarakeshwar, authorised him to take steps for ensuring partition of Bengal. In May 1947, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee wrote a letter to Lord Mountbatten telling him that Bengal must be partitioned even if India was not. He also opposed a failed bid for a united but independent Bengal made in 1947 by Sarat Bose, the brother of Subhas Chandra Bose, and Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy, a Bengali Muslim politician. It was a great move of Shyama Prasadji because of his anticipation, lives of many bangali Hindus were saved and Bengal became a inseparable part of our India.

    After he left the Indian National Congress due to difference of opinion with the then-Prime Minister Dr Jawaharlal Nehru on Jammu and Kashmir issues, he co- founded Janata Party in the year 1977-1979, which later on became the Bharatiya Janata Party.

    Shyama Prasad Mukherjee founded Bharatiya Jana Sangh that later became the BJP. The political Right has been opposing Article 370 since the Jan Sangh days. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee, who was known to be a harsh critic of the Congress party in independent India, was against Article 370 and had expressed his displeasure at special status for J&K.

    Shyama Prasad Mukherjee questioned why Jammu and Kashmir was kept out of the President’s jurisdiction and why the Congress agreed to a need for special permit to enter J&K. He also questioned why J&K has a ‘sadar-e-riyasat’ instead of governors and a prime minister instead of chief ministers like other states.

    After J&K’s merger into Indian Union was passed, a slogan was coined, “Ek desh mein do Vidhan, do Pradhan aur do Nishan nahi chalenge

    India had been at war with Pakistan over Jammu and Kashmir and while there was a ceasefire, the conditions were still “unusual and abnormal. Part of the erstwhile state’s territory was still in the hands of “rebels and enemies.

    One could not enter Jammu and Kashmir without an official permit. In order to protest and build national awareness for J&K’s complete integration, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee, along with Atal Bihari Vajpayee, travelled across the country and entered J&K on 11 May, 1953, without any permit.

    Mukherjee was arrested there by the J&K Police. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee died after 40 days of being arrested by the Jammu and Kashmir State police for entering the state without permit. He passed away in jail under mysterious circumstances.

    With Union Home Minister Amit Shah’s announcement in Parliament to revoke Article 370 that gives special status to Jammu and Kashmir, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) has finally realised the dream of its founder Shyama Prasad Mukherjee. By scrapping Article 370, BJP has fulfilled its founder’s dreams.

    CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technique

    CRSPR-Cas9 technology is a famous gene editing technique. This technology is used to cut the target DNA at a specific site and after that the gene can be left totally destroyed or can be altered because of the body’s natural repair mechanism. Because, The repair mechanism is prone to errors and may induce mutations or alter the genome.

    The basis of this technology resides in the bacterial Immunity. Bacterias get infected by the phages. And the phage DNA gets fused to the bacterial genome as natural process. If the bacteria survives the attack, the fused genome forms CRISPR or clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats. Transcription will produce CRISPR-RNA which can bind to the phage genome because it is complementary to that. Cas9 is a protein type called nuclease which has the capacity to cleave the nucleotide strand, that is DNA and also can be easily programmed to bind to any target sequence. The combination of CRISPR-RNA and cas9 act as a certain type of memory which helps the bacteria to kill the phage if it attacks again. The CRISPR-RNA binds to the phage genome, and the cas9 cuts it, making sure that the phage will be destroyed.

    The same procedure is used to edit the genomes of other species. The procedure of CRISPR-Cas9 first involves the production of CRISPR-RNA which is complementary to the target site. The combination of the CRISPR-RNA and cas9 protein is introduced into the cell. Both cas9 and CRISPR-RNA are programmed to bind to the target site. Once the RNA binds to the target site, the Cas9 protein gets activated. Now, there are sites on the genome called PAM sites. Cas9 protein cleaves DNA at this specific PAM sites on both the strands. Now bodies natural repair mechanism tries to repair the cleaved site. During this process some mutations can happen or alteration in the genome can happen. This alteration may result in the deactivation of the entire gene, or changes in the products of that gene.

    Not only gene editing, CRISPR-Cas9 can also be used to do selective transcription where only selected part of the gene is transcribed. It can also be used to inhibit the same. This technique can also be used to marking or live imaging of the target gene. All these can be done by just deactivating the cas9 protein.

    disease control with crispr technology
    • This technology can be used to treat cancer by modifying the immune T cells of the patient.
    • It can also be used to treat beta-thalassemia, a blood disorder by editing the bone marrow cells of the patient to produce hemoglobin.
    • It can also be used to treat blindness by editing a single gene causing the problem.
    • It can also be used to treat cystic fibrosis by treating the CFTR genes.

    crispr gene editing in space

    NASA astronauts have performed first in space CRISPR gene editing, They used this technology to modify the yeast genome as if it mimics the damage caused by the radiation. This will help to study the damages to human body in space and the ways to prevent them. The idea is first proposed by students named David Li, Arthi vijaykumar, Rebecca Li and Michelle Sung in Genes in space contest. Christiana Koch and Nick Hauge carried out this experiment.

    Powers and functions of the President of India

    Executive Powers :

    🌟He appoints the Prime Minister and the other members of the Council of Ministers, distributing portfolios to them on the advice of the Prime Minister.
    🌟The appointment of Governors of the States, the Chief Justice and other Judge of the Supreme Court and high Courts,the attorney General,the Comptroller and Auditor General, the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners the Chairman and other Members of the Union Public Service Commission Ambassadors and high Commissioners to other countries.
    🌟He is the Supreme commander of the defense force of India,in this capacity the president appoint Army,Navy,and Air chiefs.

    Legislative Powers :

    🌟He inaugurates the session of the parliament in addressing it after the General election and also at the beginning of the first session each year.
    🌟All bills passed by the Parliament become “Laws of Acts” only after getting assent of the President.
    🌟Money bills cannot be introduced in the parliament without his approval. President terminates the sessions of both or any of the House of Parliament. He can even dissolve the Lok Sabha before the expiry of the term of the House.
    🌟He nominates 12 persons to the Rajya Sabha and two persons belonging to Anglo – Indian Community.

    Financial Powers:

    🌟Money bill can be introduced in the Parliament only with his prior recommendation.
    🌟The annual Budget of the is presented before the Lok Sabha only with the permission of the President.


    🌟He can make advances out of the contingency fund of India to meet any unexpected expenditure.
    🌟He constitutes a finance commission after every five years to recommend the distribution of revenue between the centre and the State .

    Judicial Powers:

    🌟Article 72 confers on the President Powers to grant pardons,replies,respite or the sentence of any person convicted of an offence.
    🌟The President is not answerable to any court of law for excercise of his/her power.

    Military Powers:

    🌟Article 53(2) lays down that “the Supreme commander of the Defense Force ofv5he Union shall be vested in the President and the excercise thereof shall be regulated by law “.
    🌟The President is thus declared to be the Supreme Commander of the defense Force of the country.

    Diplomatic Powers:

    🌟The President appoints Indian diplomats to other countries and receives foreign diplomats posted to India.
    🌟The ambassador designate becomes ambassador after calling on the President and presenting his credentials.

    Emergency Powers:

    🌟The President has been empowered by 5he Constitution to proclaim Emergency.
    🌟Article 352 confres power on the President to make a proclamation of Emergency on the grounds of war ,external aggression,or armed rebellion. This is known as National Emergency.


    🌟Article 356 confres power on the President to make a proclamation of State Emergency by declaring that the Government in a state cannot be run on in accordance of the provisions of the Constitution.
    🌟Under Article 360, the President is vested with the power to proclaim Financial Emergency, if he is satisfied that the financial stability or,the credit of India or any part of India is threatened, by any reason.

    MEANING OF PERSONALITY

    personality

    The word ‘personality’ is derived from the Latin word ‘Persona’, which means ‘mask’ . A mask was worn by various actors in dramas in those days of ancient Greek civilization. Personality usually means that an individual is much more than his outer appearance . Personality is a dynamic and organized set of characteristics possessed by a person that influence his/her cognitions, emotions, motivations and behaviors in various situations. Personality also refers to the patterns of thoughts, feelings, social adjustments and behaviors persistently exhibited over time that strongly influences one’s expectations . self-perceptions, attitudes and values . Till now there is no universal consensus on the definition of personality in psychology . However, the following definitions can be beneficial for us to understand the clear cut meaning of personality.

    1. According to Munn, ”Personality is the most characteristic integration of an individual’s structures, modes of interest, attitudes, behaviors, capacitis, abilities and aptitudes.”
    2. According to Morton Prince, ”Personality is the sum total of all the biological innate dispositions, impulses, tendencies, appetities and instincts of the individual and the disposition and tendencies acquired by experience,”
    3. According to Allport ,”personality is the dynamic organization of those psychophysical systems that determine an individual’s adjustment to his environment.”
    4. According to MC Dougall, ”Personality is a synthetic unity of all mental and physical functions in their intimate interplay”
    5. According to Burgess, ”Personality is the integration of all habits which determines the role and status of the person in society,”
    6. According to Freeman, ”Personality is the integrated organization of all cognitive, conative, affective and physical characteristics that impose on individual and his uniqueness”.
    7. According to Warren , “Personality is the entire organization of a human being at any stage of his development”.

    As a matter of fact , all the above mentioned definition do not define personality completely .These definitions only explain the meaning of personality . It can be concluded that the personality of an individual is very broad . All the characteristics such as physical , mental , social , intellectual , emotional , etc., are included in personality which makes him extraordinary and are expressed from time to time in daily life , It can also be said that personality is the sum of inner and outer capabilities of an individual .

    Eye of Fire – Marine disasters

    Introduction

    A recent picture of fire on the ocean, called ‘eye of fire’ has been going viral. This picture was captured in the west of Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula on 2nd July 2021. The reason for this fire was a gas leak of an underwater pipeline of the state oil company known as Pemex. The origin of the fire was an underwater pipeline that connects to a platform at the Ku Maloob Zaap oil development. The fire took more than five hours to put out. The company Pemex has a long history of major industrial accidents at their facilities. The fire was put out using Nitrogen by the company workers. Such incidents keep making us wonder about the marine ecosystem and how these activities keep endangering it. Although this was an accident of gas leak from inside, it reminds us of the many oil spills that keep occurring and the effect they have on the marine ecosystem.

    Mauritius Oil Spill

    On July 25, 2020, a Japanese-operated ship named MV Wakshio hit a coral reef on the coast of Mauritius. The vessel carried 4000 tonnes of crude oil out of which more than 1000 tonnes of oil leaked from the crack in an environmentally sensitive region which polluted the coral reefs, beaches, and lagoons of the island, and an environmental emergency was declared by the Prime Minister of Mauritius. This leak has caused a lot of damage and will continue to for years because of its location being near two environmentally protected marine ecosystems and the Blue Bay Marine Park reserve. These oil spills don’t just affect for the time being till they are cleaned up, the soluble compounds of the oil dissolve in the water and form a layer on the surface of the water which affects the whole marine ecosystem. The toxic hydrocarbons released from the spill bleach the coral reefs which are a very important part of Mauritius, and because of this bleaching, they will eventually die. The oil is less dense than the saltwater so it floats over the water which ends up sticking to the fur and feather of the marine animals and the birds which harms the water-repelling properties of their skin which can then expose them to the cold. Moreover, swallowing the oil can poison them.

    The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

    This spill of 2010 is known as the biggest oil spill in the United States with a spill of more than 200 million gallons of oil. It was found that the spill changed the amount of sediment collection on the bottom of the sea and choked them of oxygen. The reef fish changed after the spill, it absorbed some of the oil-source contaminants. This spill endangered the food chain and more than 400 species. It also severely affected dolphins of the area, there were a lot of stillbirths or baby dolphins with abnormal or underdeveloped lungs and seriously ill adult dolphins with drastically low blood sugar, low weight, and some were found with liver cancer and lung cancer.

    Exxon Valdez Oil Spill

    This disaster was caused by an oil tanker named Exxon Valdez which spilled 11 million gallons of crude oil into Alaska’s Prince William Sound on March 24, 1989. It killed around 2,50,000 sea birds, 3000 otters, 300 seals, 250 bald eagles, and 22 killer whales. It also played a role in the collapse of salmon and herring fisheries which resulted in fishermen going bankrupt and the economy suffering.

    Environmental Effects

    Seeing three important cases of Oil spills above we can discuss the major environmental effects of an oil spill:

    • Big impact on temporary animal
    • Fish loss of habitat
    • Affects organism functions like respiration, feeding, and thermo-regulation
    • The cleaning of oil spills ends up damaging the remaining plants.
    • Bleaching of coral reefs
    • Depletes oxygen content in water
    • Failure in the reproductive system of sea animals (as seen in dolphins above)

    Responsible Bodies

    The MARPOL convention of 1973 covers pollution of the marine environment by ships, it also lists forms of marine pollution caused by harmful substances, oil, sewage, and garbage from ships. The key international bodies that take care of oil spills are International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund (IOPC), and United Nations Environment Program World Conservation Monitoring Center (UNEP-WCMC). Other than these, every country has its government agency to take care of the spills. India has a National Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan (NOS-DCP).

    Conclusion

    With all the use of natural resources, the environment is being affected but adding to that is the leaks of these natural resources which further destroys the environment. The first step for acting on anything is to get to know about the history of incidents and the effect that has had on the environment.

    References