The Nightingale Of India

“As long as I have life, as long as blood flows through this arm of mine, I shall not leave the cause of freedom…I am only a woman, only a poet. But as a woman, I give to you the weapons of faith and courage and the shield of fortitude. And as a poet, I fling out the banner of song and sound, the bugle call to battle. How shall I kindle the flame which shall waken you men from slavery…”

Introduction

She was an Indian political activist and poet. A proponent of civil rights, women’s emancipation, and anti-imperialistic ideas, she was an important figure in India’s struggle for independence from colonial rule. Naidu’s work as a poetess earned her the sobriquet ‘the Nightingale of India’, or ‘Bharat Kokila’ by Mahatma Gandhi because of colour, imagery and lyrical quality of her poetry.

Birth and death

Born in a Bengali family in Hyderabad, Naidu was educated in Madras, London and Cambridge. Following her time in England, where she worked as a suffragist, she was drawn to Indian National Congress’ movement for India’s independence from British rule. She became a part of the Indian nationalist movement and became a follower of Mahatma Gandhi and his idea of swaraj. She was appointed as the President of the Indian National Congress in 1925 and later became the Governor of the United Provinces in 1947, becoming the first woman to hold the office of Governor in the Dominion of India.

Naidu’s poetry includes both children’s poems and others written on more serious themes including patriotism, romance, and tragedy. Published in 1912, “In the Bazaars of Hyderabad” remains one of her most popular poems. She married Govindarajulu Naidu, a general physician, and had five children with him. She died of a cardiac arrest on 2 March 1949.

Work

“Tell me no more of thy love, papeeha,
Wouldst thou recall to my heart, papeeha,
Dreams of delight that are gone,
When swift to my side came the feet of my lover…”

– A Love Song From The North by Sarojini
Naidu

1905: The Golden Threshold, published in the United Kingdom.
1912: The Bird of Time: Songs of Life, Death & the Spring, published in London.
1917: The Broken Wing: Songs of Love, Death and the Spring, including “The Gift of India” (first read in public in 1915) .
1919: Muhammad Jinnah: An Ambassador of Unity.
1943: The Sceptred Flute: Songs of India, Allahabad: Kitabistan, posthumously published.
1961: The Feather of the Dawn, posthumously published, edited by her daughter, Padmaja Naidu.
1971:The Indian Weavers.

After India attained independence, she became the first woman Governor of an Indian state, Uttar Pradesh. She served as governor till she passed away in March 1949, when she was working late in office.

As a Feminist

“Sarojini Naidu inspired the Indian Renaissance Movement and had a mission to improve the life of Indian woman.”

Bappaditya Bandopadhyay

Sarojini Naidu played an important role in women’s rights struggle in India. She helped in shaping Women’s Indian Association in 1917 with Annie Besant and others. The Association sought equal rights including the right to vote and represent. She presented the need to include more women in the Congress and in the freedom struggle. During 1918, British and Indian feminists including Naidu set up a magazine called “Stri Dharma” to present international news from a feminist perspective.

Link

Draupadi by Mahasweta Devi

Photo by Jairo David Arboleda on Pexels.com

Mahasweta Devi is a Bengali writer and activist who is known for her strikingly social and poignant stories. She wrote several works ranging from novels and plays to essays and short stories. Her most notable works include Hajar Churashir Maa, Rudali, Aranyer Adhikar etc. She has received highest literary merits in India like Jnanpith Award and Padma Vibhushan. As an activist, she has also worked towards the empowerment and rights of tribal people from West Bengal, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh.

Draupadi is a thought-provoking short story that deals with the underlying caste system and tribal subjugation in India. Originally written in Bengali, it follows a raw narrative that depicts the struggles of the subaltern in a vastly power-imbalanced society. Draupadi narrates the story of Dopdi Mejhen, a woman belonging to the Santal tribe in West Bengal. Dopdi and her husband Dulna are wanted by the Indian Special Forces as they were the chief instigators in the murder of Surja Sahu, an upper caste man who selfishly drew all source of water to his own wells and tube-wells even during the drought. Their bravery in questioning the authority of the upper caste is seen as a threat and battalions of officers are deployed to capture this ‘untouchable’ couple. Senanayak, the appointed head of the task force, uses the power of knowledge, tactics and violence to capture them. He is pragmatic with his ideology that ‘In order to destroy the enemy, become one.’ He is ruthless and tries everything in his power to achieve this, even going as far as to bait Dopdi with her own husband’s corpse. After her capture, his command allows multiple officers to rape her to extract information. Capturing and torturing them for information becomes a pleasurable game to Senanayak. Where the fugitives struggle for their lives, he takes joy in decoding their language and ‘countering’ them.

Draupadi in this narrative is an implicit reversal of the mythical character Draupadi from the Mahabharatha Mythology. Where the young princess is married off to five princes and leads the life as a fugitive who finally gets back their kingdom, this Dopdi does not grow up in the luxury. She has always been considered an outcast by her country for her identity and she is always on the run. Despite being nearly raped to death, she fearlessly walks out naked and confronts Senanayak, demanding him to ‘Counter’ her.

The people in power always reinforce their power by asserting dominance and by manipulating the internalised stigma against the people born in lower castes. Mahasweta Devi narrates this story of oppression without overtly emotionalising it and yet, it affects the readers in such a way that it provokes these emotions within us. To bring out maximum impact, she portrays reality as it is in all of its rawness which makes us question the power play prevalent in the society. The gradual shift of power in the end can be seen as her way of hinting at a hopeful future.

KNOWLEDGE IS POWER

Knowledge is power, which indicates that a person can use knowledge to gain education and complete control over his life. Educated people can deal with life’s challenges with ease. Knowledge is the most powerful tool for empowering people, and no other power on the planet can defeat it. Knowledge, we may say, gives power to a person who strives for his rights and competes with the rest of the world. The distinction between a man and an animal has been made by knowledge. Human beings cannot be compared to animals in terms of physical strength, but because of the power of knowledge, they have been the most powerful species on the planet.

Humans are physically weaker than animals. Every knowing person is educated, but not everyone who is educated is knowledgeable. This may appear strange, yet it is correct. Almost everyone in today’s world is educated, but they have little understanding of the subjects they have studied. Furthermore, knowledge is a critical tool for bringing about positive changes in society or in a country. Knowledge provides us with a glimpse of our future and what we may accomplish there. The effect of knowledge is that all countries around the world use technologically advanced tools and technology, among other things. Knowledge, not weapons or bombs, is what makes a country powerful.

Benefits of Knowledge:

Enables Problem Saving: There is a solution to every problem in life. Solutions, on the other hand, are only supplied by people who are knowledgeable. Problems will inevitably arise in life, and by gaining knowledge, you may train yourself to be a problem solver. You will become important in your culture if you accomplish this. Doctors, for example, cure ailments by giving patients medications, but they cannot do so if they are uninformed.

Builds Confidence: When you are well-informed, your self-assurance grows. You won’t be able to solve problems if you don’t have faith in yourself. You can have faith in yourself if you have knowledge. Your level of confidence in approaching a task will be determined by your knowledge of the subject. People who are familiar with the situation are rarely afraid. When issues develop, they may even rejoice since it gives them the opportunity to shine. Consider how the stars shine brightly at night while humans strain to see them.

Breeds Success: Knowledge is a key to success. What guys know determines their success. What you know about the subject determines your success as a student. Let’s face it: we can’t demonstrate that we grasp a problem if we keep failing. Failure indicates that there is still something you don’t understand. Once you’ve overcome your ignorance, you’ll be on your way to success.

In conclusion, we may state that accurate knowledge aids in the development of a person. It also keeps people out of confrontations and corrupt situations. Knowledge also provides happiness and wealth to a country. Above all, information is the key to everyone’s success. We should also be willing to learn new things in areas where we believe we are experts. Let us not be afraid to fail in our pursuit of knowledge.

How to learn Typing and typing speed

How to increase typing speed? Tips to improve typing speed - inORGnet

The Most, if not all, careers involve some computer-based work and require strong typing skills. Information technology professionals, for example, must be efficient typists in order to write code for computer and software programs. Accuracy is equally as important as speed, as a simple typo could result in a system-wide error.

Now way day’s technology-driven world, students and young adults become familiar with computers at an early age. Some schools have stopped teaching typing altogether, assuming students already possess the skills necessary to be successful in the modern workplace, according to an article in MIT’s Technology Review.

without proper training and practice, many individuals resort to hunt-and-peck typing, or looking down at the keyboard to select the right keys one-by-one. Mobile technology, such as tablets and smartphones, have also increased reliance on hunt-and-peck strategies.

Preferred typing method is known as touch-type, or typing without looking at the screen. This is much more efficient than hunt-and-peck; the average person types at an average of 40 words per minute, but a person who relies on the touch-type method can exceed 75 words per minute, allowing them to complete their work much more quickly and with minimal errors.

You can prepare to enter the workforce, here are some pointers to improve your own typing skills:

1.) Use the correct starting position

When practicing your typing skills, it’s important to use proper hand placement. To start, keep your fingers positioned over the home row keys (left hand over the A, S, D, and F keys, and the right hand over the J, K, L, and ; keys), with your thumbs hovering over the space bar. From here, you can move your fingers slightly to reach neighboring keys. Your hands should always return this starting position.

These conventions are meant to help you familiarize yourself with the keyboard. As you become more experienced, you can experiment with different variations of this starting position to find the placement that is most comfortable and natural for you.

2.) Don’t look down your hands

Instead of looking down at your hands, focus on your screen. This can be difficult at first, especially if you have not yet mastered the exact placement of the keys. However, looking at the screen will help improve your accuracy because you will be able to catch your typos as they occur. You’ll also begin to memorize the placement of the keys, so you’ll be able to type more quickly as you practice.

3.) Maintain good posture

Sitting in an upright position is going to make it easier to type faster. If you are used to slouching in your chair or working from the couch, try moving to a straight-backed chair or working at your desk.

4.) Find a comfortable position for your hands

The wrong hand placement can make it uncomfortable to type for extended periods of time. The space bar of your keyboard should be centered with your body, so that you are not reading your screen or typing from an angle. As you type, rest your elbows on the table and keep your wrists slightly elevated. You should never bend or angle your wrists dramatically.

5.) Practice!

Nothing is mastered overnight, and in order to really improve your typing accuracy and speed, you need to practice every day. There are many websites that offer free typing skills tests and practice, such as Typing Academy, TypingClub and How To Type. It’s important to take your time with these typing exercises and assessments. Attempting to rush through them will only result in more errors at first. Trust that your speed will improve naturally as you become more familiar with the keyboard.

Improving your typing skills will not only make your student life much easier, it will benefit you in your future career as well. It might take a lot of practice to see improvement, but don’t give up. You’ll be typing like a pro in no time!

DO NOT GIVE UP THE BEGINNING IS ALWAYS THE HARDEST

        EVERYONE IS CAPABLE OF CREATING THE LIFE THEY WANT;YES WE ARE CAPABLE OF ANYTHING ONLY IF WE BELIEVE THAT BECASE  WITH BELIEF COMES TO ACTION AND WITH BELIEF COMES POSSIBILITIES.

             WHEN WE ARE OPEN TO LEARNING MORE….THEN WE ARE WILLING TO WORK FOR IT…

             AND WE THRUST OUR INTUITION & FOLLOW OUR HEARTS…..WELL,THEN ANYTHING IS POSSIBLE.

              BELIEVE IN YOURSELF!NEVER EVER GIVE UP!

           In order to understand the attitude ,read this amazing motivational story .this is very interesting ,so make sure to read till the end.

            Once a foreigner came to india and he was enjoying sightseening on the outskirts of kerala , a beautiful city of south india .he then entered a temple which was in under construction.

             He stops nearby a man who was a sculptor busy in making an idol with his brush and few tools. There was another similar idol lying nearby the sculptor.in confusion ,the foreigner asked the sculptor.

              “ i can’t see any mistake in the first idol ,where is it ,can you please let me know”

                While brushing the second idol ,the sculptor replied “please see ,the nose of the first idol is damaged and it cannot be repaired”

                 The foreigner said,” okay….. Where will it be installed?”

                 Sculptor answered” it will be installed at the 200 feet above the temple building”

                 The foreigner smiled sarcastically and said to sculptor” if this idol will be installed so high then obviously no one would be able to see the damaged nose of the idol .why are you wasting time in creating this second idol?”

                The sculptor smiled and said “yes…..you are right.no one will be able to see that damaged nose but i know it and  every time when i will see that idol ,the guilt of building a damaged idol will hunt me.”

                   Guys ,excellent means perfection and you have to be  perfect in anything you do in life ,no matter what .excellence drives from inside and you have to realize it.

                    Excellence is not something that you want to show off but it should be from your inner self.no matter what you do in your life ,you should be satisfied from inside.

                    One thing you have to understands is if you don’t do it with complete excellence ,don’t do it all because if it is not excellent then it will not be profitable or fun.

                    We are what we repeatedly do and excellence, therefore ,is not an act ,it’s a habit.

This story clearly shows that life presents changes to all of us .success is no accident but it is hard work, preseverance ,learning ,and sacrifice .a dream doesn’t become reality through magic.

                        It takes sweat ,determination ,and hard work .humans are creatures of habit .if you quit when things get tough ,it gets much easier to quit the next time.

                         On the other hand ,if you force yourself to push through it ,the grit begins to grow in you .so ,my dear friends believe in the end.

                           Always remember strength doesn’t come from winning ,your hard work and struggles in life develop your real strengths.

                             When you go through hardships and decide not to surrender ,that is call strength ,what is one piece of advice we can give to the young guns of this new era? It is indeed never give up.

                            Nowadays ,many students are too afraid to dream of how great their life can be because of other people .they offer them numerous example of what can go wrong.

                              Hey ,give plenty of examples of how hard life is ,the struggles in life….. But there is no need to believe in that.

                   “BELIVE YOUR SELF,NEVER EVER GIVE UP”.

PHYSICAL FITNESS

Prioritize Your Health & Wellness: Learn The Importance Of Physical Fitness | Shaw Academy

Different people have different points of view regarding fitness . For a common man to have a good physique is a symbol of physical fitness . For a doctor , the proper functioning of physiological systems is physical fitness . In fact , physical fitness is a simple term with a broad meaning . Physical fitness of a common person means the capacity to do the routine work without any fatigue or exertion and after doing his work he has power to do some more work with quick recovery . Physical fitness is more than the possession of strength and endurance . It means having the best possible health with the capacity to do one’s everyday task , engage in recreational pursuits and meet emergencies , when they arise . As a matter of fact , physical fitness is possessed by that individual , who remains enthusiast , works cheerfully and does the emergency work with vigour . Physical fitness implies a relation between the task to be performed and the individual’s capability to perform it .in fact , to understand the physical fitness in better way , it would be more beneficial to go through the following definitions of physical fitness .

  • According to Webster’s Encyclopaedia , “ It is the ability of a person to do daily routine work without fatigue ; moreover to participate in playful activities and still reserve enough capacity to meet any emergency .“
  • According to Don Hoskins ,”The human body’s ability to move with the desired speed , balance , agility and strength gained through proper exercise and nutrition , “
  • According to Kroles , “Successful adaption to the stresses of one’s lifestyle.”
  • According to David R. Lamb , “Physical fitness is the capacity to meet the present and potential physical challenges of life with success .”

In fact , it can be said that physical fitness is the ability to function effectively and efficiently , enjoy leisure , be healthy , resist disease and cope with the emergency situations . Physical fitness varies according to the nature of work , individual’s size , shape of the body , age and sex . For physical fitness , we require an efficient motor mechanism , efficient organic mechanism and an efficient mental functioning .

Nelson Mandela

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was a Revolutionary , Philosopher and the President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.He was born on 18 July 1918 in Mvezo ,South Africa.

He fought for the freedom of South Africa .He is the symbol of freedom in South Africa.He spent around 27 years in jail fighting against South African Government’s racist policy .He was the First Black President of South Africa.He was Honoured with Nobel Peace Prize in the year 1993.

18 July was official declared by the United Nation as the International Nelson Mandela Day .

Monkey-pox

Recently, we may heard about monkeypox, which took place in Texas, USA. Now, let’s have a brief intro about monkeypox.

A rare case of monkeypox was detected in Texas, marking the first such cases recorded in the state, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) said. “While rare, this case is not a reason for alarm and we do not expect any threat to the general public.”

Monkeypox belongs to the same family of viruses as smallpox. It is a rare but serious viral illness that is characterised by flu-like symptoms and swelling of the lymph nodes, which gradually progresses to a widespread rash all over the face and body.It spreads from one person to another via respiratory droplets.

The first case of monkeypox in humans was recorded in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of Congo during a period of intensified effort to eliminate smallpox.

Scientists have so far discovered two distinct genetic groups of monkeypox virus—Central African and West African.The most recent case detected in the US has been infected by the type of virus found in parts of West Africa, including Nigeria, CDC said.

The United Kingdom, Israel and Singapore have recorded cases of monkeypox in six passengers, all of whom were returning from Nigeria.

Happy life

We all wish to be happy. however we have a tendency to typically think about happiness as a factor that happens to America — one thing we’ve no management over. it is simple to link the thought of happiness with matters we’re in. we would tell ourselves, “If solely things were totally different, then i would be happy.”

But that is not very however happiness works. analysis shows that simply atiny low portion of happiness (only concerning 10%) depends on a personality’s scenario. thus wherever will most of our happiness return from?

Born Happy?
Part of happiness depends on temperament. Some folks have a naturally happy nature. we have a tendency to all understand people that area unit cheerful and optimistic most of the time. Their upbeat personalities create it easier for them to be happy.

So what will that mean for people that area unit born with a temperament that is on the crabby side? they could see the faults in folks and things rather than the great. Their mood could be glum a lot of usually than it’s cheerful. however if they’d wish to be happier (and World Health Organization wouldn’t?), it’s doable to urge there.

Happiness Is Up to America
Researchers have found that quite half happiness depends on things that are literally underneath our management. that is really expert news as a result of it means that everybody may be happier.

A big a part of however happy we have a tendency to area unit depends on our mental attitude, the habits we have a tendency to follow, and therefore the approach we have a tendency to live day after day. By learning the key ingredients of happiness, we are able to use them to become happier.

Why Happiness Matters
Happiness is quite a decent feeling or a yellow emoticon face. it is the feeling of actually enjoying your life, and therefore the need to create the absolute best of it. Happiness is that the “secret sauce” which will facilitate America be and do our greatest.

Here’s what researchers found once they studied happy people:

Happy folks area unit a lot of flourishing.
Happy folks area unit higher at reaching goals.
Happy folks area unit healthier.
Happy folks live longer.
Happy folks have higher relationships.
Happy folks learn higher.
Ingredients for a contented Life
Happiness is thus vital in our lives that it’s it’s own field of analysis referred to as positive psychological science. consultants during this field have found that there area unit key things that create folks happier:

Positive Emotions
Joy. Gratitude. Love. Amazement. Delight. Playfulness. Humor. Inspiration. Compassion. Hope. Creativity. Interest. Excitement. Enjoyment. Calm. we have a tendency to all wish to have these positive feelings.

Besides feeling smart, positive emotions help things for our brains and bodies. They lower stress hormones, facilitate ease anxiety and depression, and improve our system.

Feeling some positive emotions each day features a massive result on our happiness and well-being. that is why it is so vital to try and do things that provide America positive feelings. Even easy actions like fiddling with a toddler or a pet or going for a walk outdoors will inspire these feelings.

Knowing the way to manage our negative emotions is additionally key to happiness. tough emotions area unit a truth of life. however the approach we have a tendency to handle them makes all the distinction.

Strengths and Interests
The things we’re smart at, and wish to do, area unit our strengths. we have a tendency to all have strengths, although we’ve not discovered them nevertheless.

Strengths include:

the things we’re curious about — for instance, music, art, science, building things, cooking, reading
any skills we’ve — like painting, enjoying AN instrument, or enjoying a sport
our smart qualities — like kindness, humor, or leadership
Happiness will increase once we discover a strength and follow it. The a lot of we have a tendency to follow a strength, the higher we have a tendency to get till we actually master it.

When we have a tendency to get really expert at doing one thing we fancy, we are able to wander off in it. that is referred to as flow. Experiencing flow helps boost happiness. Finding daily ways in which to use our strengths could be a key ingredient for a contented life.

Good Relationships
The folks in our lives matter. smart relationships area unit one in every of the simplest ways in which to fancy happiness, health, and well-being.

Developing bound emotional skills will facilitate America type and keep smart relationships. {when we have a tendency to|once we|after we} area unit there for the folks in our lives — and once {they’re|they area unit} there for America — we are a lot of resilient, capable, and flourishing.

THE BOOK THIEF BY MARKUS ZUSAK

ABOUT THE BOOK:

The Book Thief is an historical novel by Australian author Markus Zusak. This book is published in 2005 and is one of the international best sellers. The book was also adapted into a movie with the same name.

THE PLOT:

The narrator of the book thief is death. The death introduce himself and visits a small girl Leisel meminger. The story follows the small girl Leisel meminger, after she attains the age in Nazi Germany during World war II. After her brother’s death her mother deciding to give away her.  There she was exposed as a book thief when she was mourning near her brother’s grave she encountered a gravedigger missing his diary in the ground. Without missing the moment she looted the diary without the man’s knowledge. After She has been adopted by her foster parents Hans and Rosa Hubermann. She started to get along with the boy named Rudy Steiner. Leisel starts to like the place and the people.Even though the Nazi regime horrors her at some times. Hans Huberman taught Leisel to read and write first in her bedroom and then in the basement. Because he wants her daughter to share her powerful thoughts through words. Beginning to steal books, now she started to write her own story. When she started helping her foster mother by collecting laundry, she developed a friendship with mayor’s wife Ilsa Hermann, who allows her to read books  in her library and later started to steal them.

Then the Hubermann family get visited by a Jewish man named Max Vandenberg. With him Leisel get close by sharing her language and words which she was taught by her father. But few days later max decided to leave Hubermann’s house. He afraid that Hubermann’s activities will draw suspicion. Eventually as a punishment Hans application for to join National Socialist German workers party is approved. A while later Leisel see Max among the Jewish prisoners in the street, she joins him and get kicked away by the soldier.

After Hans returns home, bomb falls on Leisel street in Mulching. Leisel at that  time working on her manuscript was the only survivor. She was rescued by the the workers and collected the ashes of her manuscript. She is taken by Mayor and his wife Ilsa Hermann. A while later she walks into the river where her friend Rudy saved a book that they theft together but dies without saying a good bye. In 1945, Leisel works in the tailor shop owned by Rudy’s father when max invites her and have an emotional reunion.

Many years later, Leisel died of aging in Sydney, Australia. She was happily married and has three children. She has never forgotten Hans, Rosa, Rudy and her brother. The narrator of the book, death collects her soul and gives her the manuscript. She asks the death to read the book, but death is unable to understand. He cant understand the duality of human beings. The final words by death is “I am haunted by humans”.

MY FAVOURITE QUOTES FROM THE BOOK:

“The only thing worse than a boy who hates you: a boy that loves you.”

“Even death has a heart.”

“It kills me sometimes, how people die.”

PERSONAL THOUGHTS:

The Book Thief was my first favourite book since i started reading books. The ending of the book have left me pain and empathy. It hardly take me two days to think other than the book. I was so hard whether to feel happy for Leisel like how she  atleast had Max in her life and her children whom was there for her when she dies or to feel sorrow for her, how traumatic was her childhood. When she was young and fragile she lost her only brother and her mother left her. Still she had her foster parents and Rudy but the chaos happened in her nation had left her alone. Not as a girl in her teen but as a human in that very young age she lost the persons with whom she can call family and felt happiness . I sometimes use to think that how i wold have handled all this pain and loss of my loved ones. The thought itself breaks me. Even though it is a fiction its hard to convince myself. Atleast death itself was with her till her death. Even death has some humanity.

Star Wars VIII: Explained

The movie picks up almost where it left off, with Rey and Chewie on Ahch-To the other rebels are evacuating their base. The first order lead by Kylo Ren attack the ships used by the resistance to evacuate. Poe Dameron leads a costly attack against an imperial dreadnought against the orders of General Leia Organa, the dreadnought is destroyed but at the heavy cost of resistance troops. The attack allows rest of the resistance ships to escape into hyperspace, they are however tracked by the First Order. Kylo hesitates while attacking the lead ship as he senses his mother Leia onboard, one of the imperial ship shoots and destroys the bridge of the lead ship. Most of the leaders are killed and Leia is sucked into space, Leia uses the force to save herself from certain death but in doing so leaves her weak. While Leia recovers vice-admiral Holdo steps up to assume command of the surviving resistance ships.

The film then picks up with Rey offering Luke his fathers saber, Luke promptly tosses the saber off a cliff and wordlessly leaves Rey. Unwilling to give up Rey tries to get Luke to teach her the ways of the Force, Luke outright refuses and claims that the Jedi should end. After some convincing from his old friend R2-D2, Luke agrees to give Rey three lessons of the way of the Force. Rey is drawn to a cave under the island that emanates some kind of connection to the dark side. A furious Luke reprimands Rey when he discovers her in the cave. Somehow Rey and Ben begin seeing each other and communicating, this phenomenon unheard of for eras was known as a Force dyad.

While communicating within the force Ben reveals that Luke was afraid of the Raw power Ben possessed and the fact that Luke tried killing him. Luke discovers Rey and Ben communicating through the force and immediately puts a stop to it. Rey confronts Luke with the facts Ben told her, Luke confesses that he felt Ben veering off the path and contemplated killing him. Luke saw the darkness in Bens future and was scared of his power so he tried killing his own nephew while he was asleep. A scared and enraged Ben woke up before Luke could follow through with the killing blow, Ben decimated the Jedi temple and killed all the other apprentices earning the name Jedi Killer. Ben then fled to Snoke who took him in and gave him the name Kylo Ren. After learning all that Rey decides to try and save Kylo and bring him back.

Meanwhile Poe entrusts Finn, Rose and BB-8 with a mission to get rid of the tracking device. After getting a hacker DJ the group infiltrates Snokes flagship but are captured by captain Phasma. Kylo brings Rey aboard the flagship before Snoke, Snoke reveals that it was him who connected Rey and Kylo to learn the whereabouts of Luke. On Ahch-To Luke contemplates destroying the Jedi library but doesn’t follow through, the Force ghost of Jedi Grand Master Yoda summons a lightning bolt to destroy the Library anyway.

On the resistance ship Holda plans on evacuating the forces to a abandoned base using smaller vessels. Poe finds the plan cowardly and mutinies against Holda, he is stopped by Leia who stuns Poe and bids her friend Holda a goodbye. Holda remains on the flagship intending to act as a decoy to help the others escape. DJ the hacker buys his freedom by telling Phasma about the escaping vessels, the order attacks said vessels and successfully destroys many.

Snoke orders Kylo to kill Rey but he activates the saber next to Snoke cleaving him in half, Kylo and Rey defeat the guards known as knights of Ren. Rey is forced to face Kylo when he asks her to join him in ruling the galaxy. Meanwhile Holdo crashes herself into Snokes ship to destroy it and let the others escape. The survivors escape to Crait an abandoned base, Rey escapes the explosion along with Finn, Rose and BB-8 aboard the Falcon. Kylo Ren declares himself the supreme leader and orders the First Order to attack Crait. On the surface Poe, Rose and Finn lead the attack against the first Order using speeders, Rey and Chewie deal with a squadron of TIE fighters with the Falcon. All hope seems lost when the Order uses a siege cannon to get through the Base doors.

Luke appears to save the resistance and engages the first order, Kylo orders his forces to focus their attack on Luke. The attacks don’t seem to harm the old Jedi, Kylo steps on the battlefield intending to duel with Luke. The resistances uses these opportunities to slowly escape. Kylo strikes Luke with his saber only to realise Luke is a projection, Luke projected himself using the Force to help the resistance and talk to Kylo. Rey helps the remaining resistance members to escape aboard the Falcon, Rey and Leia sense Luke peacefully dying with the Force. The resistance makes it out alive and the movie pans to the stable hands that helped Finn, Rose and BB-8 escape, one of the kids uses the Force to pull a broom towards him. This symbolises a new generation of Force users coming into the picture having learned about the force through tales of Luke Skywalker.

This wraps up the story, the next chapter seems to be the last one. We will see a few of our favourite characters like Han, Leia, Luke probably for the last time. Gear up for the final chapter, until then may the Force be with you.

Bail orders finally being computerised

Computer-mediated communication (CMC) is defined as any human communication that occurs through the use of two or more electronic devices. This tecnhique is indeed being adopted by the honourable Supreme Court Of India. The Chief Justice N.V.Ramana flanked by justices L.Nageswara Rao and A.S.Bopanna announced in open court the rolling out of a new scheme called “FASTER” or “Fast and Secure transmission of electronic records”. The use of this scheme would instantly, directly , securely and electronically transmit bail and other orders to jail authorities, district courts, high courts and tribunals. The Chief justice remarked that rolling out of this scheme is essential considering the fact that peope given bail by courts, even by the supreme court have to wait for days before prison authorities release them.” it is just too much”, he said.

The Chief justice heading specail bench, voiced the Supreme court’s displeasure at prison authorities who insist on receiving by hand the “authentic” hard copy of the bail order regardless of the fact that the personal liberty of the people is brushed aside.

The CJI said “in this age of information and communication technology, we are still looking at the skies for the pigeons to communicate the orders”.

The initiative was applauded by the Attorney general K.K.Venugopal.

Further orders

The bench further passed orders requring the state governments to file their reports about the internet connectivity in thier jails to prevent and resolve technical glitches that might occur in the future. The Secretary General of the Supreme Court was directed to submit a comprehensive report within two weeks for formulating the scheme.

The basis of formulation

The hearing was based on a suo moto case , “Delay in release of convicts after grant of bail”, registered on the initiative of Chief justice Ramana to confront the problem which effects the liberty and dignity of the prisoners.

Recent events

In recent times, 13 prisoners in Agra central jail who suffered imprisonment of upto two decades despite being decalred “juveniles” by the Juvenile Justice Board at the time the crime was commited by them. The Supreme Court Of India on july 8th granted bail to those 13 persons, but they were released after a delay of 4 days for cause being; the prison authorities needed a “authentic” hard copy.

Another event of that sort where prisoners were released after sometime after being granted bail is, when Pinjra tod actvists Devangana Kalita and Natasha Narwal and jamia Milia Islamia student Asif Iqbal Tanha walked out of jail only with a delay of two days after bail was granted to them.

A true reform

This is a reform which will change lives eventually by protecting and taking cognizance of their personal liberty. The chief justice N.V.Ramana is seen stressing on personal liberty because once in 1975, when the emergency was declared he witnessed the taste of the poison; civil liberty being taken away. Justice Ramana said the Emergency taught him much about the “human tragedies of hunger, pain and suffering”. Chief Justice Ramaana, recounted his flight in 1975, as an 18-year-old student, from imminent arrest in a lorry to his maternal aunt’s home with ₹10 in his pocket.

Beneficial insects

Insects affect man’s welfare in many ways.Many insects are beneficial to man.Beneficial insects are divided into two main groups according to the nature of benefit derived from them.They are Productive and Helpful insects.

⚫ Productive insects

These insects produce certain substances which are useful to humans.The important insect products are Honey,Silk and Lac.

⭐Honey bee

Honey bees are social insects.They line as colonies.They are active throughout the year.They feed on the pollen and nectar of flowers.The honey bees collect nectar from various flowers.The nectar is swallowed by the bees.In its stomach due to the action of enzymes certain changes happen to the nectar.Later in the bee hive it is collected and stored in Chambers as honey.Apiculture or bee keeping is the technique of rearing honey bees for honey and wax from their comb or beehives.

Honey has a high nutritive value.Its colour and smell varies in accordance with the nectar collected from different flowers.One gram of honey provides approximately 33k.cal of energy.It is used in Ayurvedic and Unani systems of medicines.It us helpful in building up the haemoglobin of the blood.It prevents cough,cold and fever.

Beewax is also a natural secretion of the worker bee from the glands located in the abdomen.It is used in the manufacture of cosmetics,face creams,paints, ointments, plastic works,polishes,carbon paper and many other lubricants.It is also used in microtomy for block preparation of tissues.

⭐Silk worms

Silk is another valuable product from the insect world.The silk is obtained as fine threads from the cocoons of various species of silkworms.Sericulture is the scientific management of production and marketing of natural silk from silkworms.The caterpillar of this worm feeds on castor leaves.The cocoons of this worm have very loose texture and the silk produced is called as Arandi silk locally.The threads are not glossy but much durable.

The sericulture plays a significant role in the rural economy of our country.The Chinese have the credit of discovering silk.It was kept as a secret for several centuries.

The raw silk is used in the manufacture of woven materials,knitted fabrics and garments.It is also used in parachutes, fishing lines,as sieves in flour Mills, insulation coil for telephones and wireless receivers,and tyres of racing cars.

⭐Lac insects

Another useful product we get from insects is lac.Lac is the recinous protective secretion produced by a kind of scale insect Called Laccifer lacca.The minute red coloured larva of this insect,settles on succulent shoots of the host plants.While growing they secrete a resinous material which covers them.The twigs are harvested and the encrustations scraped,dried and processed to yield the lac of commerce.

Lac is one of the most versatile natural resinous material.It has a unique combination of properties which render it useful in the plastics,epectrical,leather,wood finishing and other industries.It is a principal ingredient of sealing wax.

⚫ Helpful insects

This category of insects all forms which by their life activities help man in controlling the plant and animal pests.

⭐ Insect-Predators

These are generally larger than their prey.They can pounce upon and devour the prey easily.Amomg the insect predators,lady bird beetles are more useful to the farmers and gardeners.These small beetles are voracious and are highly prolific and long lived.Both larvae and adults feed on a wide range of insects.

⭐ Insect parasites

Insect parasites are smaller than their hosts.They live continuously for at least a part of their lifecycle on or within the body of the host.The braconids are a large group of small wasp like insects that parasitize a wide range of insects including plant lice and caterpillars.Most group of insects are plagued by ichneumon parasites.Employing insect predators and parasites for controlling the population of insect pests is known as biological control.

⭐ Insects as pollinators

Insects play an important role in the pollination of plants.Bees,wasps,ants,butterflies, beetles and thrips render valuable service in pollination.The services of honey bees are needed in the production of cultivated crops,such as apples,pears,plums and vegetables.Some plants like yucca and Smyrna fig are completely dependent upon insects for pollination.

⚫Other useful Insects

A number of insects feed on plants and they may aid in keeping plant weeds under control.The most successful use of an insect in the control of a plant was the introduction of the caterpillar of a moth to control the prickly pear.

“LAST BENCH KA LOAFER” – YJHD

Yeh Jawani Hai Deewani is a light – hearted, entertaining film with a hidden but deep message that leaves you with many questions about life to ponder upon.
Are we living our truth? Are we following our passion? What is the purpose of life? And do we know who we really are and what we really want in life?

Since our childhood, we are made to follow the rules set by the society. Fourteen years of primary and secondary education, three year of college diploma, and then join the rat race to get a perfect job with a good package. After landing to a perfect job, we work hard to earn money, save some for our next generation and finally retire. Sadly, it’s the retirement that most working people look up to so that they can finally enjoy their life. Its a vicious cycle that has continued for generation after generation, only because no one questioned it.
The most important thing that we often miss out, while trying to follow the set societal pattern is to actually LIVE our lives. We are so engrossed in planning for the next that we forget the importance of now and do not even live the now. Young adults work for a secure retirement so that they can enjoy their life. But often, that is the time when most of them regret not following their passion and doing what was best for them. However, they are left with very little time and hence are not able to make amends to their mistake.


In the movie we see Bunny as such a character, who in no way is a perfect ideal boy from the society’s perspective. He is seen a careless, emotionless, flirtatious young boy who denies to follow the rules set by others. He sets his own path for life. He is passionate about travelling, which again is not the most respected profession unlike engineering and medical. They want him to fit to a tie-suit, 9-5 job so that he can earn well and be accepted by the society. However, he had other plans for his life.


Though he was a “last bench ka loafer” who never passed an examination without cheating, he was more knowledgeable compared to other characters. Yes, he had less of bookish knowledge but he could pass any examination in the subject called life without having to copy others.


We live for 60-70 years on an average, yet its very late in life that we truly get to know ourselves. Often people do not even know themselves and follow a fake portrayal of themselves in order to suit the eyes of the society. They try to hide their real self, just to protect themselves from society’s judgement. However, Bunny stood apart from such a description. He knew himself and his expectations from life. Hence, he allows the society to judge him inside out as he was true to himself. However, It took years for Naina to decide what she wanted from life , and how it was so miserable that she couldn’t even afford a weekend break, because of her immense syllabus. It took her years to understand that she can never be a perfect daughter in the eyes of her parents, just by obeying them. And it was high time, she had to stand up for herself and her dreams which may not be well accepted by others. She was such a product of the society that believed that if she followed every rule, studied well, obeying her elders, became a doctor, she would be respected and accepted in the society. However, it was when she met her classmate Aditi, she realised that she had to take things in her own hands in order to better her life.


To a larger extent, Bunny played an important part in inspiring Naina to accept and love herself for who she was. Bunny had seen a lot in life. He lost his mother at a very young age, he never had a good relationship with his step-mother, he had financial issues, he never communicated well to his father and he had dreams that were different from the normal masses. Yet he never gave up on his dreams. He knew he had to earn for himself. Hence, he perused multiple side jobs along with his college so that he could save for the life that he desired, without depending on his family.


Though people see him to be a flirty, spoiled brat. I personally see him as a happy soul who loves to meet people and make new friends throughout the world. On a personal level, I believe it is not wrong to be over-friendly or to flirt with the opposite gender, until it is within the boundaries and consensual.

We live in such a society where various incidents do happen without the consent of the other person and yet those at fault live with the show of a respectable men and are honoured. It is the true gentlemen like Bunny who are termed as Casanova. He is respectable towards women, knows his limits, is helpful even to the unknown and I guess that is what counts to be a true gentleman. There were certain incidents like the time when Naina was not comfortable talking about adult films. He knew his boundaries and respected her choices.

Bunny brings out the best in people which helps them know and love themselves. He knows the importance of travelling and how an experience like such can change a person’s perspective towards life. Even when he was a complete stranger to Naina, he encouraged her and it would not be wrong to say that he was the one who made Naina believe in herself and love herself.


There was one such incident when they had been invited to a camp party. Naina being unknown to the concept of chilling with unknown strangers and making new friend, was hesitant. Often in life, we face such situations where we have doubt ourselves and fear the unknown. It is then, that we need someone to understand us and give the last push in order to overcome it. Bunny indeed was such a push to Naina. Though everyone believed Naina to be a serious, studious bookworm, it was Bunny who could bring out the fun Naina that was always inside her, waiting to be discovered and explored.

Should plastic be banned?

Plastics are a man-made disaster that will continue to plague us for thousands of years. Furthermore, we have never lived a life free of plastic. Plastics are present in every part of our life, including entertainment, medical care, travel, employment, and even our homes. But it wouldn’t be fair if we didn’t recognize that plastic has also been a benefit to global economic prosperity. For many industries, it has shown to be a wonder material. Plastic derived from fossil fuels such as oil and petroleum is widely utilized in the production of a wide range of products, including plastic bags, kitchenware, furniture, doors, sheets, packaging materials, counter tops, and other items.

Plastics are omnipresent, and they have improved our lives, so banning them isn’t an option. However, prohibiting certain plastic sectors, such as the plastic bag industry, appears to be a sensible idea because plastic bags can be replaced. Jute, gunny, and paper bags are all viable alternatives to plastic bags. When it comes to plastic bags, the reuse and recycle approach can be applied. People should be made aware of the negative consequences of using plastics through proper awareness and instructional programs. Plastic bags are frequently utilized and are freely available on the market. Plastic bags are commonly found in supermarkets and are used to transport commodities such as rice, fruits, vegetables, wheat flour, and other foods. Plastic bags come in a variety of sizes and are far more cost-effective and convenient to use than paper bags.

PROBLEMS CAUSED BY PLASTIC BAGS INCLUDE:

Environmental Degradation: Because of their negative consequences, plastic bags have become a major source of land pollution today. Plastic bags are placed in landfills and take 500 years to decompose. Although these bags are light in weight and easily delivered by air, the waste they create on land and in landfills pollutes the environment. Plastic bags that enter water bodies are a major source of water pollution, and as a result, they harm our ecosystem in every manner.

Human Impact: On land, one of the most common sorts of litter is plastic shopping bags. Large amounts of plastic bags have been known to clog local drainage systems, particularly in underdeveloped countries. Floods in Bangladesh 20 years ago, for example, were blamed in part on bottlenecks in drainage systems caused by plastic shopping bags. Over time, plastic shopping bags leach pollutants into water systems, posing a health danger to human populations. Plastic bags are extremely difficult to recycle. While the three arrows in a circle recyclable emblem appears on many plastic shopping bags in the United States, it is frequently a marketing ploy.

Animal Impact: The world’s largest albatross colony is found on Midway Atoll in the North Pacific Ocean. These birds fly to these remote islands and forage at sea, often hundreds of miles away, for food for their young. Thousands of these beautiful birds have died at Midway Airport after ingesting significant amounts of plastic bag shards and bits. Adult birds bring all of the plastic detected in these birds to the island, where it is fed to the young birds. On a daily basis, four tons of plastic are predicted to accumulate here. Our oceans and seas are home to the bulk of the world’s species. Hundreds of different animals and birds are at risk of being injured or killed as a result of swallowing or being entangled in plastic bag flotsam. Marine creatures that eat floating plastic shopping bags may mistake them for jellyfish. Sea turtles are one of the animals that are threatened by the bags. They’re on the verge of extinction, because to their habit of consuming massive amounts of plastic. Plastic shards fester in the stomach since it can’t be digested properly.