An environment is everything that is around us, which includes both living and nonliving things such as soil,water,animals and plants, which adapt themselves to their surroundings. It is nature’s gift that helps in nourishing life on the earth.
Environment includes physical,chemical and other natural forces. Living elements that an organism interacts with are known as biotic elements: animals,plants,etc., abiotic elements are non living things which include air,water,sunlight etc.
Since everything is part of the environment of something else, the world environment is used to talk about many things. People in different fields of knowledge use the word environment differently. Electromagnetic environment is radio waves and other electromagnetic radiation and magnetic fields. The environment of galaxy refers to conditions of interstellar medium.
In psychology and medicine, a person’s environment is the people, physical things and places that the person lives with. The environment affects the growth and development of the person. It affects the person’s behavior,body,mind and heart.
The living conditions of living organisms in an environment are affected by the weather or climate changes in the environment.
A potential third wave would unlikely be as severe as the second wave, according to a modelling study by a team of scientists from the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the Imperial College London, U.K. For it to be as devastating, at least 30% of the population who had been infected earlier must entirely lose their immunity, or an emerging variant of the virus must have a reproductive rate (R) over 4.5, that is, each infected person should be spreading to at least 4-5 others and these must occur almost immediately after the second wave ends.
Thereafter, a second wave was simulated assuming a more infectious variant, and therefore a higher R value, and accounting for the fact that second wave saw a peak about four times higher than the first wave. Once this was done, and estimating the number of people who had been likely exposed to the infection, they then modelled a future third wave under several scenarios: a complete loss of immunity from previous waves; emergence of a variant that was more infectious and capable of thwarting immunity than the ones observed; the impact of moving out of lockdowns; and the role of a highly infectious variant in a scenario of a certain percentage of people getting vaccinated.
Their results showed that under all of these situations, the peak number of infections remained much lower than during the second wave, unless the R rate exceeded 4.5, or those previously susceptible exceeded 30%.
The emergence of a third wave could be significantly buffered by expanding vaccination, they contend. Illustratively, the authors calculate that were vaccines rolled out in a way to cover 40% of the population with two doses over a period of three months following the end of the second wave, it could reduce symptomatic incidence by around 55%.
Less than 20% of Indians have received at least one dose of the vaccine and only 4% are fully vaccinated. The Centre proposes to vaccinate all adults — about 94.4 crore — by the end of 2021.
while several factors needed to converge for a third wave as devastating as the second, complacency in observing physical distancing or mask usage could be dangerous. “Wearing masks consistently and correctly as well vaccination are critical to ensure that a third wave isn’t severe, even though the evidence, as we’ve calculated, shows that it is quite unlikely,”
This is the first time that the ICMR’s scientists have attempted a formal forecast of a future wave. In spite of several modelling experts, no group estimated or warned of the severity of the second wave that saw new infections rise to nearly 400,000 a day. Currently, India’s second wave is on a decline, with about 50,000 cases being added daily. India, with over 30 million confirmed coronavirus cases and nearly 400,000 deaths, is the second most affected country after the United States.
“We all make mistakes, have struggles, and even regret things in our past. But you are not your mistakes, you are not your struggles and you are here now with the power to shape your day and the future.”
Steve Maraboli
Today’s article highlights, ‘Behind the Scenes of Article Writing’. Yes! It is similar to the Behind The Scenes shown during shoots for sitcoms and TV serials.
However, there is a difference. There is no shooting here. I shall be discussing the ‘Off screen tasks’ I perform when framing the articles. So, Lights. Camera. Action! Let’s begin.
Thinking Over The Topic!
Greatest struggle everrrrr! Thinking over a relevant topic for my amazing audience out there is a complex task. There have been times when I just sat at the laptop, staring at the blank word document, wondering what to write and then after realizing that I am out of the ‘mood’ factor, I shut the laptop and decide to work over it maybe later! But still, I manage to come up with some interesting topics for all of my enthusiastic readers who show so much love and appreciation towards my work. Thank you for that! 🙂
Making Word Errors!
Another one of my struggles. While writing the articles, there are many such word errors which I make, while typing with excess speed on the keyboard. I know, I know, the solution is to type with a relaxed pace but I just can’t help it. For me, Writing without speed is like writing without passion.
Working On ‘Perfection’!
Perfection is the key to efficient work. So, that’s exactly my motto. I look forward to adding friendly and interactive connotations in order to make reading an easier task for you!
Thinking Over Framing Of Sentences!
Framing of sentences in an accurate manner is so essential. English is rather a complex language and one needs to be careful in choosing proper set of words that don’t sound impertinent. So, yes! Working over it is a task but that doesn’t actually freak me out!
Sitting Alone In Peace While Writing!
That is so important for me. When writing, I shut the door to my room and just breathe, letting fresh air stroke my mind calmly. Then come the topics which pass my mind like a slideshow and I select the appropriate ones for you!
Thinking Over The Topics And Jotting Them Down For Future Reference!
In that slideshow of thoughts, there occur two or more ‘apposite’ topics which I feel the need to jot down and use them later without forgetting the ‘creativity’ factor in them of course.
Pondering Over The Birth Of Various Fictitious Characters!
Since our company recently incorporated Fiction in the publishing options, I felt the need to make some of the writing medium speak ranging from the inkpot to the laptop! It may sound crazy but that is what makes fiction such an amazing genre. This genre allows you to be crazy and senseless!
These were some of the steps I take, in order to ensure that good content turns out (specifically for the articles). Thank you for tuning in! You are free to contemplate over the message if you want to! 😉
The Coronavirus pandemic has disrupted the working of all the sections of the society. Tourism sector, consumer sector, IT sector, Pharma sector, you name it and the reports will show you how adversely are they all affected. One of the most crucial sectors which is brutally affected is the education sector. The sector that is responsible for building future leaders have become merely a formality. Students give exams but not for value addition but just for the sake of giving them. If you ask what a student has learned in the last year and a half, more than half of them would be completely clueless.
Since the beginning of 2020, we have seen a new way of conducting exams but is this way better than the offline exams? Let us ponder upon that. There is no question that online exams are economical and does save a lot of time and the environment but the real question is “Is it worth it”? A lot of students have been welcoming to the concept of conducting exams online but a lot of them have also opposed it on various grounds. To begin with, not all students have access to a computer or a laptop or a stable internet connection which makes it difficult for them to attempt their exams and buying a new devise puts a lot of financial pressure on the families. Students living in technologically backward areas are suffering the most. In addition to this, students who reside in areas where there is unstable electricity or internet connection have difficulty connecting with their teachers in case there is a problem with their class or exam. This creates additional pressure on the child. Institutions must understand that problems like having unstable electricity and internet connection are out of their control and thus ensure all students are well prepared before the exams are conducted. Furthermore, there is the biggest barrier while conducting online exams and that is Cheating. There is no way of knowing if the student has written the exam himself or did he take the assistance of external resources. If the exam has been completely cheated then what is the point! Children are the future of this nation and if they rely solely on cheating to pass their exams then what kind of future are we building here? Not only the university students but the students who are still in school are inclined towards cheating to pass their exam rather than studying before hand. The mentality that has been going around is “If everyone is cheating then why can’t I”. Students cheat using their cell phones, laptops and even books. Online exams have completely turned into open book exams with zero value addition. Everyone is so dependent on cheating that now they are worried as to how they will attempt the offline exams as and when the institutions open. Lastly, students are not the only ones who have been suffering in one way or the other, the teachers are also facing difficulties while teaching as well as while grading the exams. Professors who have been teaching for a long period of time found it very difficult to shift to online mode of teaching. Not only this, the teachers are unable to complete the syllabus on time which ultimately affects the students.
While online exams have proved to be a blessing during these testing times, they should not be used to judge a candidate as a whole. People who are scoring good could be naturally intelligent or could just be relying on cheating. Thus colleges and universities need to work a little harder to design a question paper that is intellectualy challenging and that would judge the aptitude level of the student rather than asking questions on what is given directly in the book or on the internet. Teachers can shift their focus on putting case study based questions to examine the cognitive abilities as well as subject understanding of the student. Now that the students are well versed with how exams are to be downloaded and submitted, the time limit could be reduced so as to reduce the time for copying from here and there. Lastly, students must be asked to keep their cameras on during the examination and teachers could keep a close eye on how they progress with their exam. Also, the teacher must award marks to a student on the basis of his/her performance rather than awarding more marks just to maintain the reputation of the institutions.
Thus, there is a dire need to put this cheating culture to an end before the students lose their capabilities to remember their own syllabus. Conduct pop quizzes, give assignments from time to time, just keep the students up to date about the syllabus in an interesting way so that they don’t resolve to cheating during the final examination. The students must also make an effort to be better. Cheating only helps you to obtain marks but knowledge goes a long way and helps you in various competitive exams that your might appear for in the future. Online exams are the best option in these times of the pandemic. Students should prepare well for their own better future. Determination and Hard work are the keys to your success.
MENTAL HEALTH has been a topic of discussion for a long time ,but it has gathered more attention recently.
We all are aware of the fact that a healthy life is directly proportional to one’s mental health. It is extremely important for all to take care of their mental health and devote as much time as they can. Because the energy and time you invest in yourself will never go waste.
Necessity is the mother of invention. And in order to have a stable mental health, mental health kits were created so that people can take care of their mind and body.
Here are few things that one can store in his mental health kit -: 1. Perfumes – Smell is one of the most powerful senses. The fragrance of perfumes reduces stress. The fragrances evoke emotions. 2. A diary and a pen – This helps to express thoughts clearly and in a more effective way. Moreover, it can make you feel light and happy. 3. Chocolates(mostly homemade) – Dark chocolates are good for our health. The main ingredient, that is, Cocoa helps us to fight depression, improves heart health and enhances the mood. 4. Charcoal facewash – Since self care is directly proportional to mental health, it is important to keep a product like Charcoal facewash which releases toxins from skin and keeps skin healthy and fresh. 5. Fidget spinner – It will helps to stay concentrated and also to keep a person away from unnecessary gossips. 6. A Stuffed toy(Teddy bear) – All of us loves to hold fluffy stuffs tightly and play with it when we’re tired. They can easily drag a person’s attention and can make feel lively. 7. Sleep mask – Sleeping eye mask has the potential to relieve all the stress and provides comfort while sleeping.
You can add whatever you want in your MENTAL HEALTH KIT. Remember to be kind to yourself and be kind to others.
We all are living in that country where spirituality is superior in every form. Spirituality contains belief, trust and science. The practices which keep doing for a long period have their own scientific reason. Might be the reason could be covered under the bed of time or not clarified by the people in supremacy. Sometimes we say that science and spirituality both have different paths but in reality spirituality and science both go hand in hand. Every spiritual practice consists of a scientific background. For example the Ganga keeps itself clean because it contains calcium, phosphorus, zinc and other metals (scientific reason) that’s why it is considered pure and life saving so we respect Ganga and call it MATA. We should understand the meaning of science and spirituality first, only then we can understand how spirituality and science are part of a family.
What is science?
Science is not about the knowledge, factual, experiments, logic and evidence, it is a pursuit and application of knowledge and understanding of the natural and social words following a systematic methodology based on evidence. Science says if my eyes can see, look at it only then it exists. For science which could not be detected does not exist.
What is spirituality?
Spirituality is the essence of peace, wholeness and balance among the physical, emotional, social and spiritual aspects of one’s lives. Many of the behaviors associated with wellness are key components of a healthy spiritual life. Examples include volunteerism, social responsibility, optimism, contributing to society, connectedness with others, feeling of belonging/being part of a group and love of self/ reason to care for self.
Spirituality vs. religion
We should understand the difference between spirituality and religion. Spirituality is not based on religion. Spirituality is chosen while religion is often time forced. Being spiritual to me is more important but better than being religious. Religion can be anything that the person practicing it desires.
Science is an orderly presentation of facts, reasoning, doctrine, and beliefs concerning the subject or group of subjects. Many times some people question about pouring the milk on shivling, let find the science behind this ritual. According to the science of Ayurveda, every person has 3 components in them:
Vata (air)
Kafa (cough)
Pitta (Acids)
All the three elements are necessary for smooth functioning of our body. However when the proportion of these components goes out of natural balance, the body begins to suffer under various ailments. During the sharavana, the vata component of a person gets higher in proportion. During that period, a person must avoid food that increases the vata component. For example, green leaf vegetables contain higher amounts of vata in them. Thus a person is asked to avoid them during the rainy season. During the rainy season cattles also eat lots of green grass and hence their milk is high in vata. And in modern times, it is susceptible to viral infection. Hence milk is considered harmful during the sharavana month. Thus Ayurveda advises against consuming milk during the rainy season. We should offer to eat others which could be edible for us too. That’s by the milk flow over the shiv who had poison during samander manthan.
Hence this way spirituality is connected with science. Science is something inherent to it and at the same time it’s a philosophy much beyond those realm. As we see how spirituality goes with science and there is nothing in spirituality which does not have any scientific reason as we see in above.
Chanting of mantras also has a scientific reason. It seems incredible that mere chanting can bring about these tremendous changes. The chanting is connected to physical level, voicing a chant in the prescribed way impacts the abdominal area (from where the chant notes are raised), the lungs, the circulatory system and so on, explained by the radha sundararajan, (director of chanting , krishnamacharya yoga mandiram). Scientists said when a mantra is chanted rhythmically, it creates a neuro- linguistic effect even if the meaning of the mantras is not known. You just need to have a good ear, stay true to the punctuation, pauses, pronunciation, notation, length and the force of the chant and repeat it over a period of time, said meanka director of the vedic chanting.
Hence we see how every practice of spirituality is connected to science. Pouring the milk over shivling, chanting mantra meditation, idols of rock and temple, eating prasadam they all have an explanation with facts. There are many spoken persons or saints who are focusing now on explaining the facts, reason and query behind the practices performed under the spirituality such as sadhguru maharaj, archarye parshant, Rahul arya and many more.
We also understand that spirituality and religion are two different things. If science is defined as the reasonable and experimental term then spirituality has all the things within itself. Spirituality believes to define the thing, environment and helps an individual to understand the inner as well as outer cosmos. That is our mistake. We never try to find out the science behind spirituality. We only performed the rituals without knowing the facts. We should explain the scientific circumstance while teaching or performing these kinds of activities. When we explain the reason behind spirituality, the person understands the values and benefit.
‘’Science is not only compatible with spirituality: it is a profound source of spirituality,’’- carl sagan
According to wikipedia, “A lightning strike or lightning bolt is an electric discharge between the atmosphere and the ground. ” It mostly occurs within the cloud but when it does strike the earth, it can cause serious damage to life and property. About 240,000 lightning strike incidents happen each year globally and according to National geographic, about 2000 annual deaths occur due to lightning strikes. About 41 people died in Uttar Pradesh (India) and 23 in Rajasthan (India) and about 21 were injured due to lightning strikes on Sunday (11 July, 2021).
How does lightning occur?
Clouds consist of electric charges (positive and negative) that are usually balanced but the winds of a storm result in a separation of charges within the clouds. Positively charged particles occupy the top of the cloud and the negatively charged particles concentrate on the bottom. This separation of charges result in the flow of electricity.
Types of lightning bolts-
There are 3 main types of lightning bolts-
Cloud-to-cloud: When charged particles of one cloud are attracted to the oppositely charged particles of another cloud, it is known as cloud-to-cloud lightning. It is the most common form of lightning in the sky.
Cloud-to-air: When the discharge moves from the cloud to the sky and is attracted to the charged particles of air, it is referred to as cloud-to-air lightning.
Cloud-to-ground: Negative charge- In this type of flow of lightning, the negatively charged particles begin to move towards the ground in a zig-zag path( also known as stepped leader) . They move with such high speed that they reach the ground in about a millisecond. When they reach the ground, they attract positive charges(also known as an upward leader or streamer) that begin to move towards them (usually through tall buildings, trees, etc.). When the stepped leader and streamer meet, it leads to a flow of powerful current from the groundto the cloud. Positive charge- When the positive charge of cloud overcome the negative charge and travel towards the earth meeting negative stream of charges coming from the earth , it is referred to as CG lightning-positive charge. It, though uncommon, is more dangerous.
5 ways lightning strikes people –
Direct strikes- The most deadly, it usually occurs to people who are in open areas. When lightning strikes the body,, some of the current moves through the body and some moves along and over the body( which produces heat that can cause skin burns).
Side flash- It occurs when the victim is standing next to a taller object and some of the current from the taller object is transferred to the body of the victim, which is why you should avoid taking shelter under a tree when lightning strikes.
Ground Current- When lightning strikes a tall body, much of the energy leaves the body and is either side flashed or transferred to the ground. The current transferred to the ground affects a larger area as it can transfer through conducting materials, which is why you should avoid being outside during lightning flashes.
Conduction- Lightning can travel through potentially conducting surfaces like barbed wires who provide a pathway for lightning to travel very large distances.
Streamers- People caught in streamers formed during cloud-to-ground transition of lightning will find it very difficult to come out of it and it can result in death.
How to protect yourself from lightning?
Avoid going outdoors during lightning strikes and even if you do end up being in the outdoors, immediately find an enclosed shelter.
Do not, under any circumstance, take shade under a tree or be near one.
If you are inside your car, do not get out. But ensure that your car is parked in an open space away from potential charge attracters or conductors.
Avoid being near water. Do not bathe (even inside your house) and stay away from rivers, lakes or any other water body.
Try to minimize your surface area, when outside. Do not lie flat and crouch into a ball-like-position.
All state governments are tightening their preparedness in anticipation of a third wave as restrictions begin to ease across the country.maharashtra government is concerned of Covid 3- wave chief minister Uddhav Thackeray directed officers and doctors to check medical supplies.Delhi Chief minister Arvind Kejriwal also announced to train 5000 youth to help doctors.Country is preparing to fight with Covid 3-wave.
Children may worry about themselves, their family, and friends getting ill with COVID-19. Parents, family members, school staff, and other trusted adults can play an important role in helping children.
◾ children should stay home ,Stop visiting relatives/friends.
◾Do not take your children to social gathering.
◾Do not allow children to rub their eyes and noses, sanetize their hand regularly.
◾ Sanetize playing items twice a day.
◾Give them warm water for gargling.
◾Follow SMS:Social distance,Mask, Sanetization.
Wearing and Caring
Early detection and diagnosis
*Fever /Headache,pain in cheeks/eyes
*Body Pain /Sour throat
*Dry cough/Weakness/loss of appetite
*Parents must bring their children to near by Covid OP if they find any above symptoms.
As the number of COVID-19 cases and test positivity rates are showing signs of plateauing in major urban centres across India, we see desperate scenes in small towns and villages. We read about people dying in their homes unable to access medical care. We see pictures of people waiting for their turn to cremate their loved ones in funeral grounds. COVID-19 is a humanitarian disaster where no state is spared, poor or rich.
Now there is a talk of a COVID-19 third wave, if we are not able to vaccinate the population fast enough or if citizens do not follow the ‘social vaccines’ (hand washing, use of masks and physical distancing). Let’s examine the truth about the possibility of a third wave.
The WavesThe first wave usually affects the most vulnerable sections of the population: the old, sick and the immuno-compromised. The second wave starts when the epidemic spreads into the general population, which may not have got the infection during the first wave and who do not have protective antibodies against the pathogen.
The second and third waves of the infection is usually due to mutant strains, which may partially escape the immunity offered by previous infections.In the case of Spanish Flu, the destruction caused by World War I and lack of laboratory surveillance capacity may have played a part in augmenting the spread and increasing mortality; but the learnings from that outbreak is definitely applicable in the case of COVID-19.We have seen a lot of parallels between the Spanish Flu virus and the one causing COVID-19, though they are very different phylogenetically. Therefore, it is only reasonable to anticipate a third wave of virus infections and prepare for it.Vaccine is the most potent tool that we have against COVID-19 infections.
Though we do not have concrete data on the level of protection offered by the various vaccines against the mutant strains, most of the experts agree that some degree of protection against severe infections do exist. Therefore, relying on vaccines is the most rational way to prevent a third wave.Short TermBut at present, we do not have the capacity to produce vaccines fast enough to vaccinate our entire population in the next few months. The combined production capacity of Covishield and Covaxin is only around 60-70 million doses/month and at this rate it may take more than two years to vaccinate India’s population.
So we have to look at other options, like scaling up capacity and ready-made vaccines from abroad.The scaling up of capacity promised by the Serum Institute of India (SII) and Bharat Biotech, which manufactures the vaccines currently used in India, is going to take time and we cannot rely on that process to rapidly increase the rate of vaccination.In the short term, pre-prepared vaccines from abroad seem to be the only viable option if we want to vaccinate the most vulnerable groups and economically-productive sections of the population rapidly. The decision to allow the import and use of Russian-made Sputnik V is a welcome step in this regard. We need more such vaccines, including China’s Sinopharm which was recently approved for emergency use by World Health Organization.
Medium TermIn the medium-term, our existing vaccine manufacturing capacity should be repurposed to make COVID-19 vaccines. India supplies a major proportion of the vaccine requirements of Gavi-the vaccine alliance and has access to most of the technology platforms for vaccine production. When the United States has supported lifting the patent protection available to COVID-19 vaccines, India should be able to leverage its production capabilities and rapidly augment capacity.Besides vaccination, in the short and medium term, we should also aim to increase the testing capacity. Only rapid identification of cases and strict isolation can help to flatten the curve till the vaccine rollout is adequate.
Apart from this, we need to institutionalise the processes to ensure adherence to social vaccines. This can be done through a mix of behaviour change communication, regulatory efforts and community mobilisation. All of this has to be continued till we achieve a vaccination coverage of more than 80 percent.
When we read or listen to old love stories, we find that there were times when technology hadn’t suffocated the essence of love, the blue ticks didn’t exist, neither did facebook chats. Love was much more than putting up love struck captions for each other on our facebook display pictures or sending each other hearts and kisses on whatsapp. Lovers used to send each other letters from far off places, and the efforts they put into express their undying love was worth everything in the world. Not to say that relationships today are shallow and ingenuine, but somewhere down the line we miss , infact we lost the so called “Old school love/romance.”
Does anyone still express their love through hand written letters, or social media had completely taken over the matter?
Does anyone still appreciate street food dates, or they only prefer famous restaurants?
Does anyone still gifts flowers and chocolates to their partners or giving expensive rings and gifts now seem better?
Does anyone still appreciate poetries, notes written expressing one’s feeling or Social media’s post now makes more meaning?
Does anyone still takes time to know each other before getting engaged or have complete faith that Tinder find the perfect match?
Does anyone still believe in old school love and romance, or the way of expressing love in our generation enhanced?
A disease is the functional or physically change from a noraml state that affects the health of a person by causing disability or discomfort.The following are the conditions that could lead to the development of disease in an individual. → Infection caused by disease-causing microbes. → Lack of balanced diet. → poor lifestyle and unhealthy habits. → Malfunctioning of one or more body parts or organs. The prevention and treatment of diseases ca be considered in two groups for their better understanding. They are communicable and non- communicable disease.
Communicable Disease
Communicable diseases are those diseases that spread from one person to another.Healthy persons must be protected from people with communicable diseases.Diseases spread through contaminated air, water,food or vectors (insects and other animals).
a) Diseases caused by Bacteria
Communicable diseases like tuberculosis,Cholera and typhoid,are caused by bacteria.These diseases spread through air, water and some other organisms.
1. Tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculae and spreads from one person to another through air, spitting, prolonged contact and sharing materials of the patient.The symptoms are fever, weight loss,chronic cough, bloody spitting and difficulty in breathing.
Prevention and treatment
> BCG Vaccination > Giving special attention to the patient > Regular medication like DOT.
2.Chloera
Vibro cholerae
Prevention and treatment
> Good hygenic practices like washing hands before eating. > Avoid eating uncovered food from street vendors. > Drinking boiled water > Getting vaccinated against Chloera
3.Typhoid
Salmonia typhi
Typhoid is caused by salmonella typhi and spreads by contaminated food and water.The symptoms are anorexia, headache,rashes on abdomen, dysentery and high fever up to 104°F
Prevention and treatment
> Drinking boiled clean water > Proper disposal of sewage > Vaccination
b. Diseases caused by Virus
Viral diseases are extremely widespread infections caused by many type of viruses.Some diseases caused by viruses are hepatitis chickenpox and radies.
1. Hepatitis
Hepatitis is one of the most dangerous and fatal diseases caused by Hepatitis virus A,B,C,D,E.Its mode of transmission is contaminated water, sharing of needles and blood transfusion.The symptoms of hepatitis is loss of appetite (anorexia), vomiting,eyes and urine turning to yellow colour.
Prevention and treatment
> Drinking boiled water > proper cleaning of hands
2.Chickenpox
Chickenpox also known as varicella is a highly contagious infection caused by the varicella zoaster virus.This disease spreads through air and contact with an infected person.Its symptoms are appearance of rashes on the whole body,fever, headache and tiredness .
Prevention and treatment
> The chickenpox (varicella) vaccine is the best way to prevent chickenpox > special attention should be given to the infected persons.
3.Rabies
Rabies is a fatal disease which is transmitted by the bite of the infected dog, rabbit, monkey,cat,etc.The virus present in the saliva of dog enters the brain via neurons.The symptoms of rabies are hydrophobia (extreme fear for water),fever for 2-12 weeks and exaggerations in behaviour.
Prevention and treatment
> In early stages rabies is very difficult to defect. > After an animal is bitten it usually takes two to twelve weeks to show any symptoms and it may take as long as two years also. >Fatality can be prevented by timely vaccination before the onset of symptoms.
Rabies
Non-communicable diseases
Non-communicable diseases do not spread from person to person.They are caused by other factors.Therefore ,it is important to know which diseases are communicable and which are not.They are never caused by germs, bacteria,or other living organisms that infect the body.Antibiotics or medicines that fight against germs do not help to cure non-communicable diseases.Some of the non-communicable diseases are explained below.
a. Wearing our of body parts
Rheumatism,heart attack, epileptic seizures,stroke, migraine headache, cataract and cancer.
b. External harmful agents entering the body
Allergies, asthma, poisons, snakebite, cough from smoking, stomach ulcer, alcoholism.
c. Lack of trace elements in the body
Anemia,pellagra,night blindness and xerophthamia,goiter and hypothyroidism.
d. Malnutrition
Nutritious food is needed for a person to grow well,work hard, and stay healthy.Many common sickness are caused by malnutrition.
In today’s world everyone has at least one social media account. This shows how much social media has gained popularity especially among youth. With this rise, an increasing number of companies are utilizing it to screen job prospects which means they check their potential employee’s social media account. So, make sure your social media profiles are appropriate for work because it could possibly have negative impact on your work life. It has the potential to cost you your present work as well as future career chances. According to a poll conducted by career builder in 2018, the result depicted that 70% of employers use social media to evaluate candidates throughout the recruiting process, while 43% use it to check on current employees.
Employers examine social media accounts for a variety of reasons, but the most common one is to ensure that a candidate is a good match for their firm. they do so because social media accounts allow them to get a look of a person’s personality outside of their resume, which aids them in finding the best candidate for their company.
However, Before relying on any information obtained from social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, or LinkedIn, it’s vital to understand that there are several flaws to be wary of. When checking a candidate’s social media history, employers and HR professionals should be cautious. A social media history should only be evaluated as part of a comprehensive background check on job applicants. A criminal history record, as well as academic and job verifications, should all be included in a background check that can easily be done by hiring a third-party who is good in running background checks on applicants.
Everyone who is seeking for a job or will be applying in the future should examine their social media profiles and not entirely delete their online presence. Because as per statistics 47% Employers do not call people for interviews if they can’t locate them online. More than a quarter of employers say they like to acquire more information before phoning a candidate, and 20% say they expect candidates to have an online presence. so, deleting a social media account out of fear of shame is a no-no. you can simple keep it clean anyway.
Now, the question of privacy comes into play. So, Employers are perfectly legal to examine public social media platforms, but anything beyond public accounts is a murky area. As long as the employer has access to public information that everyone can see, there should be no privacy concerns. But a major pitfall is that A social media search, on the other hand, cannot provide a check on the authenticity or veracity of the material. As with any other background or reference check, the information obtained through social media must be checked for accuracy because a person’s whole career is dependent on that 1 job. Employers should use extreme caution when using social media searches to gather information about job candidates. At the absolute least, companies should consult their attorneys before obtaining information for employment reasons via social media.
As per the data collected, following are the types of posts and behaviors that left a negative impression on employers. It is essential to know this because more than half of the employers i.e. 57% polled claimed that they discovered something through their social screenings that caused them to reject a candidate.
Provocative or improper photos, videos, or information were shared by a job candidate: 40%
job applicants disclosed details regarding their drinking or drug use: 36%
Discriminatory remarks on color, gender, religion, and other factors were made by a job candidate: 31%
The following job contender was related to illegal activity: 30%
An applicant for a job lied about their qualifications: 27%
Candidate’s communication abilities were poor: 27%
A job seeker slandered their prior employer or coworkers: 25%
The screen name of a job seeker was unprofessional: 22%
Former employers’ private information was disclosed by a job candidate: 20%
Candidate for a job lied about an absence: 16%
Candidate postings are very frequent: 12%
Professionals should not take any shortcuts when it comes to establishing a positive internet presence once they have landed a job. According to the survey, 48% of companies visit social networking sites to do background checks on existing employees and as per sources they had fired them too. So one seeking job or an employee should keep his/her social media accounts clean in order to secure their jobs.
Genghis Khan, originally known as Temujin, is known today as the man who established the largest land empire known in history. He had united the various nomadic tribes in Mongolia, and then went on to conquer huge parts of central Asia and China. Even after his death, his descendants expanded the empire to much greater lengths up to places like Poland, Vietnam, Syria and Korea. At their peak, the Mongols controlled around 12 million square miles of land. This is an area around the size of Africa, all controlled by a single empire. In contrast, the Roman empire was only about half the size of the USA. Hence, it is evident that Genghis Khan was a legendary ruler and is remembered well by history, but he is also regarded as the very avatar of savagery and barbarism.
The Rise of Genghis Khan
Temujin, later Genghis Khan, was born around 1162 near the border of Mongolia and Siberia. At that time, many nomadic tribes in the central Asian steppes were constantly fighting and killing each other, and life for Temujin was violent and unpredictable. Before turning even 10 years of age, his father was poisoned to death by an enemy clan and his own clan had deserted him and his family. Following this, Temujin killed his older half-brother and took over the reins as the head of his abandoned and poverty-stricken family. He soon began making alliances, building a reputation as a warrior and attracting a growing number of followers. Most of what we know about Genghis Khan’s childhood comes from “The Secret History of the Mongols,” the oldest known work of Mongolian history and literature. Going against custom, Temujin preferred to put competent allies rather than relatives in important positions in his tribe. He also executed the leaders of enemy tribes, and incorporated the remaining members into his clan. By 1205, Temujin had vanquished all his rivals.
The Establishment of an Empire
Temujin thereby became the leader of a Mongol confederation consisting of all the tribes and territories that he had united. He established a nation similar in size to modern Mongolia, and was also proclaimed Chinggis Khan, which roughly translates to ‘Universal Ruler,’ a name that has now become bastardized to be known as Genghis Khan. After this, he started his conquests outside of Mongolia and garnered his brutal reputation through continuous invasions. Genghis Khan’s first campaign outside of Mongolia took place against the Xi Xia kingdom of north-western China, after which went to war against the Khwarazm Empire in present-day Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan and Iran. He gradually expanded the borders of the Mongol Empire over the years of his reign, and many surrounding empires had started becoming wary of the Mongol threat. Genghis Khan also had an extensive network of spies which used to detect his enemy’s weaknesses, and made use of advanced military equipment like catapults and mangonels while attacking large cities. By 1227, the Khan had conquered much of Central Asia and made incursions into Eastern Europe, Persia, and India.
It is important to highlight here that it was not only because of his aggressive invasions and warfare that he was successful, but also because of his administrative capabilities. For example, he forbade the selling and kidnapping of women, banned enslavement and torture, and made livestock theft punishable by death. Moreover, he ordered the adoption of a writing system, conducted a regular census, granted diplomatic immunity to foreign ambassadors and allowed freedom of religion and protection within his empire.
The Fall of Genghis Khan
Genghis Khan eventually died in 1227, at the age of 65. But there is a lot of mystery and uncertainty surrounding his death. Some stories suggest that he died from injuries sustained after falling from his horse, while others suggest it was while he was trying to put down a rebellion in China. Furthermore, the final resting place of the Khan is unknown, as he wanted his death to be a secret.
Regardless, Genghis Khan conquered more than twice as much land as any other person in history, bringing Eastern and Western civilizations into contact in the process. Though he has a unfavourable reputation because of all the killing, plunder and rape he had caused, one cannot deny that he is among the greatest, if not the greatest conqueror in history.
The worldwide destruction caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has helped the earth to cure and refine itself. The worldwide LOCKDOWN has resulted in the fall of pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. While the people are not able to breathe properly as they could before the lockdown, nature is able to breathe more easily. The closure of factories which deteriorated the quality of air and water seems to be a true blessing to nature. Since dirty brown pollution belts and toxic effluents doesn’t exist anymore. Dozens of other countries are now experiencing temporary falls in Carbon dioxide and Nitrogen dioxide emissions. China was the first nation to experience lockdown due to massive spread of COVID-19. The Satellite images clearly depicts the emissions of poisonous gases fading away over China. Significant falls in emissions and toxic gases can be observed in India, USA and France. Satellite images show Nitrogen dioxide emissions fading away over northern Italy. Scientists in Europe have noted that overall 2020 may still see a drop in global emissions of 0.3%. With less human activities, the planet is able to beautify itself more and more. People can hear bird’s chirping, the quality of air has greatly ameliorated, the water bodies are now cleaner than ever and seismologists report “lower vibrations” from “cultural noise” than before the pandemic. Indian Head Scientist Mr. Unnikrishnan said, “It is a reflection of what the earth might look like without fossil fuels”. CLIMATE CHANGE is a major problem existing in the world. It can lead to gigantic demolition if the people all over the world didn’t handle it seriously. Greta Thunberg has urged for “digital activism” to take the place of physical protests due to the COVID-19 outbreak. Since the earth is healing, there are several pages on social media encouraging the youth to take care of mother earth. We shouldn’t go back to normal because normal was the problem. It is a bitter truth that we spend billions of dollars to find life on other planets…. And trillions of dollars killing the life on this one (EARTH).
The term “Victorian” is applied to England during Queen Victoria’s reign to describe the self-righteous, repressive and authoritarian culture of the middle classes who prided themselves on the wealth and position the nation achieved through the industrial revolution and on Britain’s leading position in the world as the major industrial power, major sea and colonial power. Thomas Babington Macauley (1800-59) was a politician and historian. His History of England on the 17th century is a proud narration of the nation’s progress, which is seen in terms of its wealth and technology, whose perpetuity he confidently predicts. The price paid for this progress by the many is not the theme. He spent some years in India in an official position, where he set up a system of education designed to make Indians useful civil servants. His programmatic Minute on Education of 1835 is imbued with a blind faith in the supremacy of British culture and contempt for the Indian; it became the blueprint of colonial education.
Cracks began to appear in the intellectual temple of Victorianism. Matthew Arnold (1822-88) poet, educationalist and clergyman, spent his life contending in rather solemn and humourless writing against the philistinism of the nation. He saw middle class religiosity as narrow and hollow conventionalism and deplored the shallowness of prevailing literary taste. John Stuart Mill (1806-73) worked for the East India Company; he wrote on political economy, on logic, on positivism and in 1869 an essay against The Subjection of Women.
Thomas Carlyle (1795-1881) was a brilliantly original Scottish writer greatly influenced by German Literature and philosophy. he denounced the destructive profiteering of the rich, the dominance of money in modern society, and held up the medieval world with its fixed structures and stability as an organic and healthier form of community. He was highly skeptical about democracy, believing that history is made by heroic individuals, by great men of vision such as Cromwell, Napoleon and Frederick II, who may rule despotically but do so in the interest of the people, whereas elected politicians manipulate their ignorant voters and rule to safeguard their selfish interests, thus, condoning injustice and putting the nation at risk of serious social conflict.
John Ruskin(1819-1900), an influential art critic, believed that the arts were the most powerful remedy against the fetish on money. William Morris(1834-96) was a critic of the shoddiness of mass produced goods and the founder of a style of new simplicity and art in everyday life. He designed everything from houses to wallpaper, and his name became synonymous for elegant handcrafted products which differed pleasantly from the bombast of cluttered Victorian interiors with their heavy furniture, triple curtains and grand pianos draped with plush lest the legs should give rise to improper associations.
The painters of the Pre-Raphaelite school rejected classical art as their model; they turned to the artist living before Raphael, as he did the corresponding German school, the Nazarene, and sought to emulate the piety, craftsmanship and simplicity of the medieval painters of the Holy Family. Dante Gabriel Rosetti(1828-82), the son of an Italian professor, founded the school in London in 1848. John Evret Millais (1829-96), Edward Burne-Jones(1833-98) paid meticulous attention to historical accuracy of costume and scene; the craftsmanship is remarkable; a strange combination of sentimentality, sensuality and morbidity is typical of their work. This was to influence continental art nouveau or Jugendstil. These artists were faced with a very difficult task: to represent spirituality in a King Midas situation, where everything the English middle class touched seemed to turn into gold. Their solution was to turn their backs on that reality. The result was that movement degenerated into ornamental style, fulfilling a purely decorative function, painting life in glowing colours to gloss over the coldness and harshness of the world.
Female foeticide is the aborting of a girl fetus in the womb before its complete growth. Why? This is because that it is female? Female foeticide has become a disgraceful and shocking truth of our nation. In India a strong fondness for sons over daughter. People desire smaller families with comparatively greater sons by abuse medical technologies. It is one of the main motives for declining sex ratio.
Female foeticide is the procedure of abortion to terminate female fetus from the womb of the mother before taking birth after the sex recognition tests like an ultrasound scan. Female foeticide and even any sex recognition test is illegal in India. It is the shame for the parents who are despairing for a baby boy as well as doctors doing abortions especially for this.
Female foeticide has been in practice for periods especially for the families who have a preference only male child. Several religious, social, financial and emotional are the reason for female foeticide. Therefore the time has been changed now much however, many reasons and beliefs are ongoing in some families. Some main reasons for female foeticide are:
Generally, parents don’t want a girl baby because they have to give a big amount as a dowry at daughter’s marriage.
There is a faith that girls are always consumer and boys are the only producer. Thus Parents understand that son will earn money for the whole life and care their parents however girls will get married a day and will have a separate family.
There is a belief that the son will carry the name of the family in future however the girl has to carry the husband’s family.
This is a prestige issue in society for parent and grandparent to have a boy baby in the family besides having a daughter.
There is a stress on the new bride of the family to give birth to a male child so she is enforced to go for sex recognition and abort if girl baby.
Illiteracy, insecurity, and poverty of people in society are also major reasons for girl baby burden.
Science and Technological advancement and utilities have made this very easy task for parents.
Sex ratio denotes the ratio of females to males in a specific region. Many practices like female foeticide and female infanticide (killing a baby girl after her birth) have had a contrary influence on the sex ratio. Thus it rises and promotes many social evils.
As per the decennial Indian census, Sex Ratio of India is 107.48. It means 107.48 males per 100 females in 2019. Therefore India has 930 females per 1000 males. So, India has 48.20% female population compare to 51.80% male population.
Effective Measures to Control:
As we all know that female foeticide is a crime and social evil for the future of women. Hence we should notice the causes for female foeticide in Indian society. Female infanticide or female feticide is primarily because of sex determination. Some measures are:
Law must be implemented and one should be surely punished if found guilty for this unkind exercise.
Permanent cancellation of license should be done if it is going on in medical practice.
Marketing of medical tools specifically for illegal sex determination and abortion should be a bane.
Parents must be fined who want to kill their girl baby.
Campaigns and seminars should be regularly held to aware of young couples.
Women should be aware so that they can be more attentive to their rights.
Female foeticide is suicide. So, save the girl child and secure the future. There will be the dangerous results of the female foeticide. Demography reports warn India that in the next twenty years there will be a scarcity of brides in the marriage market mostly because of the adverse sex ratio.
Eduindex 
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